810 results about "Atmospheric temperature" patented technology

To keep a temperature of an interior of an automotive vehicle at least at a level of an external atmospheric temperature even if the vehicle is parked with an engine being stopped for a long time, an automotive air-conditioning apparatus is composed of a cooling device 12 to be controlled by a controller 13, a pre-cooling device 20 for pre-cooling the interior of the vehicle, and a sub-controller 18 for controlling the pre-cooling device. The pre-cooling device is composed of a cooling thermoelectric element module 22, a ventilation fan 23, a solar battery 21 and a pre-cooling storage battery 24 charged by the solar battery. The sub-controller always operates the pre-cooling device 20 while the vehicle is stopped with the engine being stopped and starts the pre-cooling device 20, for example, one hour prior to a time when the vehicle starts to movement during parking for a long time in an interior parking lot or the like with the engine being stopped so that the temperature of the interior of the vehicle is kept at a temperature that does not so much exceed a set temperature, i.e., at least at the level of the external atmospheric temperature, until the engine is started.

A gas turbine comprises a compressor for compressing a gas supplied therein and discharging the compressed gas, a combustor in which the discharged gas from the compressor and a fuel are combusted, a turbine to be driven by a combustion gas from the combustor, and a water injection unit which injects water into the gas to be supplied to the compressor, thereby lowering the temperature of the gas to be introduced into the compressor to a temperature lower than the atmospheric temperature, and causing water droplets having been injected in the gas and within the compressor to be vaporized while flowing down therein, wherein the quantity of water spray injection is controlled while monitoring operational conditions of the gas turbine.

A supercritical refrigeration cycle comprises a radiator 2 for cooling the refrigerant discharged from a compressor 1, a cooling fan 2a for blowing the atmospheric air to the radiator 2, a decompression unit 4 for decompressing the refrigerant at the outlet of the radiator 2 and having the opening degree thereof controlled to achieve a target high pressure, and an evaporator 5 for evaporating the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the decompression unit 4. The high pressure exceeds the critical pressure of the refrigerant. A value of information representing the difference between the actual radiation state of the refrigerant at the outlet of the radiator 2 and the ideal radiation state determined by the atmospheric temperature is calculated, and based on this value of information, the air capacity of the cooling fan 2a is controlled to decrease the difference. Thus, the cooling fan of the high-pressure radiator can be properly controlled in the supercritical refrigeration cycle.

An adjustable gas block designed to interface with the gas-operating system of an auto-loading firearm. This design provides continuously adjustable gas flow, from fully closed to fully open, in small, discrete, uniform, and fully-repeatable increments.The design works by means of a click adjustment valve screw which has a number of grooves that are engaged by a spring-loaded detent. As the screw is turned in or out, either by a tool or by an integrated finger-adjustable knob or handle, the clicks of the detent provide both audible and tactile feedback to the user. This allows a user to optimize the operation of a firearm by responding to variations in ammunition loading, bullet weight, atmospheric temperature, cartridge caliber, and for the installation / removal of a silencer, each of which changes the volume and pressure characteristics of the gas-operating system.

The invention discloses an infrared radiation precise temperature measuring method. The infrared radiation precise temperature measuring method comprises the following steps that: Step 1: ambient reflection temperature Tu is measured; step 2: ambient atmospheric temperature T alpha is measured through using a thermometer, and atmospheric transmittance tau alpha is calculated according to the distance between a measured object and infrared radiation temperature measuring equipment; step 3: the radiation temperature Tr of the measured object is measured through using the infrared radiation temperature measuring equipment; step 4: the emissivity epsilon n and the reflectivity Rho n of the measured object as well as the sum alpha of the emissivity and the reflectivity are determined, wherein the alpha <= 1; step 5: measurement values of T alpha, Tu and Tr are input to the infrared radiation temperature measuring equipment, such that the value I (T alpha) of an ambient atmospheric temperature signal, the value I (Tu) of an ambient reflection temperature signal and the value I (Tr) of a radiation temperature signal of the measured object are calculated, and the values are substituted into an actual object infrared temperature measuring formula which is mentioned in the description, such that the value I (T0) of the infrared radiation temperature measuring signal is calculated; and step 6: according to the calibration formula of a thermal infrared imager, conversion calculation is performed so as to obtain the authentic temperature T0 from the value I (T0) of the infrared radiation temperature measuring signal.

The present invention includes systems and methods to recover heat from a lower quality heat source and convert that heat represented by its temperature differential range into a different form of extractable energy. In various illustrative examples, the system may include a heat recovery heat exchanger, a conventional counter-flow vortex tube, a power producing turbine, a condenser heat exchanger, and a liquid circulating pump. The system further comprises a condenser heat exchanger that is adapted to receive the turbine exhaust vapor, wherein the temperature of the exhaust vapor is reduced via heat transfer rejecting the waste heat to the surrounding atmosphere at atmospheric temperatures; wherein the compressible working vapor is converted to a saturated liquid and returned to the first heat exchanger by pumping means for further cycling.

An hydrogen tank filling apparatus includes a first hydrogen supply pipe for supplying hydrogen substantially at an atmospheric temperature from a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to a hydrogen tank, a second hydrogen supply pipe for supplying cooled hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the hydrogen tank, and an internal tank temperature measuring unit for measuring the temperature inside the hydrogen tank. The first hydrogen supply pipe and the second hydrogen supply pipe are selectively switched by a control unit, depending on changes in the temperature inside the hydrogen tank.

The invention discloses a single-wavelength four-Raman laser radar detection system and a detection method. The system combines three laser radar technologies of atmospheric temperature measurement via pure-rotation Raman scattering, vapor measurement via vibration Raman scattering, and measurement of atmosphere aerosol optical characteristics via Raman Mie scattering and an inversion method. The laser radar system employs 355 nm single-wavelength pulse laser as a detection light source and a large-diameter optical reception telescope with high transmittance for measuring the wavelength to collect atmospheric back scattering light signals, four wavelength atmospheric Raman scattering light signals and Mie scattering echo light signals of 353 nm, 354 nm, 355 nm, 386 nm, and 407 nm are mutually separated via an angle separation method of color separation filters and interference filters by a following optical path, the above five-wavelength scattering light signals are gated via narrowband interference filters, photoelectric conversion of photomultipliers of the same type is accomplished, and data acquisition is accomplished by a five-channel data collector.

A heat transfer fluid can be cooled using the atmospheric thermal lapse rate. The heat transfer fluid can be ascended to a predetermined altitude above ground level where a temperature of the atmosphere is less than a temperature at the ground level. The heat transfer fluid can be cooled to a predetermined temperature by heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the atmosphere. The heat transfer fluid can then be descended to ground level while inhibiting heat transfer with the atmosphere tending to warm the cooled fluid.

A dropsonde system adopting a stratospheric balloon adopts the zero-pressure high altitude balloon to fly horizontally in the stratosphere according to the preset height, can adopt the actual situation of different wind directions in different height and adopt the means such as slinging, exhausting and the like to control the balloon to float to the target zone, and then throws the dropsonde down to detect the vertical profiles of the basic parameters such as atmospheric temperature, humidity, pressure, wind direction and speed and the like in the zone. In addition, the system also adopts the satellite relay communication technology and can detect the atmospheric condition over the sea or the uninhabited zones in deep desert.

The invention provides an atmospheric temperature and humidity profile processing method and system with active and passive remote sensing combined. The system relates to the following steps that atmospheric microwave radiation brightness temperature data are detected and acquired through a microwave radiometer, cloud vertical structure data are detected and acquired through a cloud radar, and ground surface air temperature, humidity and air pressure data of a detecting area are detected and acquired through a ground surface meteorological element sensor; a data processor builds a three-layer feedforward BP neural network model for processing and training, and the BP neural network model with parameters optimized is obtained; the detected atmospheric microwave radiation brightness temperature data, the detected cloud vertical structure data and the detected ground surface air temperature, humidity and air pressure data are input into the BP neural network model by the data processor to serve as input layers, and the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile is obtained through processing and output of a BP neural network. Due to the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile processing method and system with active and passive remote sensing combined, the error for processing the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile in cloud weather is effectively reduced, and the accuracy and the effectiveness of the atmospheric profile are improved.

A wind turbine rotor blade (10) comprising one or more means (4) secured to the blade (10) for changing the profile thereof depending on the atmospheric temperature. The means comprises at least one laminate having at least two layers of materials with differing thermal expansion coefficients.

The invention discloses an ice preventing and removing device for helicopter rotors. The device comprises an icing detector, an icing speed solver, an atmospheric temperature sensor, an ice preventing and removing control panel, a digital type ice preventing and removing controller, a main rotor distributor, an empennage distributor, a main rotor ice removing component, an empennage ice removing component, an No.1 AC power supply and an No.2 AC power supply, wherein the icing detector and the icing speed solver transfer liquid water content signals and atmospheric temperature signals to the digital type ice preventing and removing controller respectively, the digital type ice preventing and removing controller carries out computation according to the ice preventing and removing control panel and the input signals to output the control signals of the main rotor distributor and the control signals of the empennage distributor, and the main rotor distributor and the empennage distributor control the main rotor ice removing component and the empennage ice removing component to remove ice. By the ice preventing and removing device, the helicopter can safely fly under server weather conditions, and the safety accidents due to the icing of the rotors and the bad influence of pneumatic configuration caused by too low ambient temperature or too high water content are avoided.

A high frequency heating apparatus 100 having a high frequency generating portion 13 and a steam generating portion 15 for generating steam into a heating chamber 11 for accommodating a thing to be heated and serving to supply at least one of a high frequency and steam into the heating chamber 11, thereby heating the thing to heated, includes a pan 21 which serves to mount the thing to be heated thereon and is provided to be upward removable apart from a bottom face of the heating chamber 11 at a predetermined interval, thereby dividing a space in the heating chamber 11, steam delivery means 29 for supplying the steam generated by the steam generating portion 15 into an upper space positioned above the pan 21, and preheating means 17 for raising an atmospheric temperature in the heating chamber.

The atmosphere temperature calculator calculates an estimated atmosphere temperature value by subtracting a temperature rise amount of a temperature sensor which is calculated based on a motor drive detected current value from a detected temperature value of the temperature sensor. The overheating prevention calculator calculates estimated temperature values of a plurality of protection objects to be protected from overheating based on the estimated atmosphere temperature value and the motor drive detected current value and determines an upper limit of target current of driving a motor based on such estimated temperature values. The temperature compensation calculator calculates a temperature compensation current value to be added to a target current value in order to compensate a temperature characteristic of a predetermined portion based on the estimated atmosphere temperature value.

A method for producing a cellulose acylate film containing an additive comprising an aliphatic compound, the method contains a process of thermal shrinkage treatment at an atmospheric temperature higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) in the state where at least one of the transverse direction and the machine direction of the film is free, and a cellulose acylate film obtained by the above method.

The invention discloses a fuel cracking furnace containing a boiler, horizontal waste plastics and a waste tyre cracking furnace tail gas treatment system, wherein, fuel comprises solid fuel and gas fuel or liquid fuel. The tail gas treatment system comprises a carbon dust particle filtration system connected with the fuel cracking furnace, a gas-solid separation system connected with the carbon dust particle filtration system, a flue gas emission system connected with the gas-solid separation system, and a circulating water cooling system. Compared with the prior art, the tail gas treatment system is environmental-friendly and economical; the system has long service life and convenient and fast assembly and disassembly; and the system can reduce or eliminate carbon dust particles in tail gas, and the emission temperature is approximately identical with the atmospheric temperature.

The invention discloses a high-energy high-density sodium-nickel chloride single battery and a battery pack thereof, which is made under the atmospheric temperature, wherein the total battery system reaches 120 Wh / kg. The single battery comprises a positive electrode, an electrolyte, a ceramic tube, sodium which is used as a negative active substance in a metal chip, a shell and a heat insulation layer material which wraps the shell, wherein the battery sequentially comprises the heat insulation layer material, the shell, the metal chip, the sodium, the solid electrolyte ceramic tube and the positive electrode which is filled with fuse salt electrolyte and porous nickel material from the exterior to the interior, wherein the sodium of the negative active substance and the filled fuse salt electrolyte are respectively filled at two sides of the solid electrolyte, the metal chip is wrapped on the solid electrolyte ceramic tube, and a capillary gap is formed between the metal chip and the ceramic tube, the fused salt infiltrates the entire solid electrolyte ceramic tube, two electrode rods extends out of the shell to form a positive and a negative terminals, the positive terminal extends out of the shell from the fuse salt, and the negative terminal is connected with the metal chip to extend out of the shell.

Disclosed is a system and method for static and dynamic positioning or motion control of a marine structure by using real-time monitoring of at least one of a mooring line, marine environments, 6-dof movement of a marine structure, a tank state, a ship topside, the seabed, or their combinations. The static and dynamic real-time monitoring data of the mooring line is obtained and processed for positioning the marine structure or controlling and managing a motion thereof. Here, 1) a tension of a mooring line is measured by means of real-time monitoring of the mooring line, 2) various marine environment elements such as wind direction, wind speed, air humidity, atmospheric pressure, atmosphere temperature, cloud height, visibility, ocean wave, wave height, sea current speed, sea current direction, rain or the like are measured by means of real-time monitoring of the marine environments, 3) 6-dof movement of the marine structure is measured by means of real-time monitoring of the marine structure, 4) ullage and sloshing data of various tanks in the marine structure are measured by means of real-time monitoring of tank states, 5) damage and life of pipes, facilities or the like located at a ship topside of the marine structure are measured by means of real-time monitoring of the ship topside, 6) damage and life of umbilical cables, pipes, pumps and valves located on the seabed are measured by means of real-time monitoring of the seabed, and suitable static and dynamic positioning or motion control and management may be automatically performed based thereon.

A manufactured component, method and apparatus for advanced manufacturing that includes a nozzle for extruding a working material, wherein the polymeric working material includes a carbon fiber reinforced polymer. The build of the component takes place on a work surface at atmospheric temperatures.

The invention relates to an one-dimensional variational inversion method of atmospheric temperature and humidity profile, and the method develops an atmospheric temperature and water vapor mixing ratio profile variational inversion method based on Metop-A / IASI infrared hyperspectral data. Using temperature and water vapor detection channel data of an IASI hyperspectral sensor, combining CRTM mode and WRF mode forecasting technology, using a one-dimensional variational method, developing a satellite data quality control, background error covariance localization, observation error covariance calculation and the like, and developing an atmospheric temperature and water vapor mixing ratio profile variational inversion system; based on the method, high-precision detection of the atmospheric temperature and water vapor mixing ratio profile can be carried out by using the Metop-A / IASI infrared hyperspectral data.

The present invention relates to a temperature detection apparatus having a radiant temperature detection section including at least a ray emission portion which radiates at least rays and a ray detection portion which detects the rays, and capable of detecting temperature without contacting a detection object, a first atmospheric temperature detection section which outputs temperature information having a high temperature follow-up property in a case where the atmospheric temperature of the radiant temperature detection section is not more than predetermined temperature, and a second atmospheric temperature detection section which outputs temperature information having a high temperature follow-up property in a case where the atmospheric temperature of the radiant temperature detection section exceeds the predetermined temperature.

An air conditioner, comprising a low cost differential pressure regulating device capable of holding a difference between the high and low pressures of a compressor during the cooling operation under a low atmospheric temperature at a specified value or higher, the low cost differential pressure regulating device further comprising a first stage differential pressure regulating device for regulating the difference between high and low pressures so as to prevent the difference from lowering by lowering the speed of an outdoor fan when the difference between high and low pressures of the compressor during the cooling operation under a specified atmospheric temperature or below lowers to a specified value and a second stage differential pressure regulating device for regulating the difference between high and low pressures so as to prevent the difference from lowering by increasing the operating frequency of the compressor when the difference between high and low pressures cannot be held at the specified value or higher by the control of the difference between high and low pressures by the first stage differential pressure regulating device.

The invention relates to a system for detecting atmospheric temperature by a rotational Raman lidar, belonging to the technical field of optics. The system comprises a system control mechanism, a laser, a laser emitting mechanism, a large-caliber receiving telescope, a multi-channel spectrometer mechanism, a collimating lens high-J signal data acquiring mechanism, a low-J signal data acquiring mechanism and a signal processing mechanism, wherein a laser beam sequentially enters a light beam expander, a first emitting light-guiding lens and a second emitting light-guiding lens and then forms a detecting laser beam, a backward scattering backwave optical signal of the laser beam is received by the large-caliber receiving telescope and collected into a micropore diaphragm, then is sent to the multi-channel spectrometer mechanism, splits and filters an interference signal, and then enters a photoelectric detector, an amplifier, an analog digital converter and the signal processing mechanism; and a photoelectric detection signal is inverted according to an equation of the rotational Raman scattering lidar equation to obtain vertically distributed profile data of the atmospheric temperature. The invention can detect the vertically distributed profile of the atmospheric temperature of atmospheric troposphere and has high precision.

The invention discloses a vacuum speed resolving method for an air data / serial inertial navigation combined navigation system. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a scale factor between the vacuum speed and ground velocity according to a vector relation among the vacuum speed, ground velocity and wind speed based on the characteristic that upper atmosphere is mainly in horizontal flow by utilizing an attack, a sideslip angle and posture of a carrier, and resolving the vacuum speed through numerical calculation. According to the method, the defect that the vacuum speed is severely lagged due to the temperature measurement time constant in a conventional vacuum speed calculation method depending on atmospheric temperature parameters is overcome, and influence of the vacuum speed which is severely influenced by the atmospheric temperature parameters and dependence of uncertain external information of the vacuum speed estimation method on aircraft dynamics parameters are avoided, so that the measuring lag of the vacuum speed and influence on environmental factors are solved.

A low pressure EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system control apparatus of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle may include an atmosphere temperature detecting portion that detects atmosphere temperature of a driving region of the vehicle, an air conditioner switch that outputs ON / OFF signal of an air conditioner, a wiper switch outputting ON / OFF signal of a wiper, a control portion that uses the atmosphere temperature to determine a relative humidity and limits an operation of a low pressure EGR system such that condensate may be not formed therein, when the relative humidity may be higher than a predetermined humidity value.