54 results about "Carbon flux" patented technology

A system of systems to monitor data for carbon flux, for example, at scales capable of managing regional net carbon flux and pricing carbon financial instruments is disclosed. The system of systems can monitor carbon flux in forests, soils, agricultural areas, body of waters, flue gases, and the like. The system includes a means to identify and quantify sources of carbon based on simultaneous measurement of isotopologues of carbon dioxide, for example, industrial, agricultural or natural sources, offering integration of same in time and space. Carbon standards are employed at multiple scales to ensure harmonization of data and carbon financial instruments.

The present invention provides for the manipulation of carbon flux in a recombinant host cell to increase the formation of desirable products. The invention relates to cellulose-digesting organisms that have been genetically modified to allow the production of ethanol at a high yield by redirecting carbon flux at key steps of central metabolism.

Disclosed are methods of producing carotenoid compounds in a methylotrophic bacterial host cell. Such a host cell may be an unmodified Methylobacterium, spontaneous mutant, or transformed cell, any of which exhibit favorable properties, such as overproduction of carotenoid compounds, increased carbon flux, improved growth, or the production of additional nutrients, such as protein, vitamins, antioxidants, or fatty acids. Also disclosed are feed compositions for use in aquaculture, or as animal feed, or as human nutritional supplements containing processed or unprocessed biomass from such cells, as are methods of preparation of the feed compositions.

Methods are provided for controlling metabolic flux rate in a cell-free system comprising a complex set of enzymes, to produce a desired product of a pathway of interest. In the methods of the invention, measurements of metabolic performance parameters are taken by continuous monitoring or intermittent monitoring. Based on the metabolic performance parameters, the system is modified by one or more steps comprising: (i) altering enzyme levels in the cell-free system; (ii) altering feed rate of a substrate that controls redox flux or carbon flux to the cell-free system; (iii) altering O₂ addition to the cell-free system; (iv) controlling efficiency of electron transport system by altering leakage across a membrane; wherein enzymes present in the pathway of interest catalyze production of a desired product.

The invention relates to a low-pressure vacuum carburizing heat treatment method for 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE. The treatment method comprises the following steps of high-temperature pretreatment, low-pressure vacuum carburizing, quenching, cold quenching and medium-temperature tempering, specifically, the steps can be carried out repeatedly. The vacuum carburizing process is based on the multi-section pulseprinciple of a saturation value adjustment method, acetylene gas is adopted as a carburizing medium, and a carburizing and diffusion cycle is carried out three to thirty times according to the calculated carbon flux, diffusion coefficient and saturated carbon concentration, specifically, the carburizing temperature is 800-1050 DEG C, and the carburizing pressure is 100-2000 Pa. The method is clean and environmentally friendly, can achieve no intergranular oxidation as well as accurate control over the carburized layer depth; meets reproducibility within a low error range and optionality of the surface carbon concentration, and is suitable for complex structures such as slim holes and blind holes.

A robotic optical sedimentation recorder is described for the recordation of carbon flux in the oceans wherein both POC and PIC particles are captured at the open end of a submersible sampling platform, the captured particles allowed to drift down onto a collection plate where they can be imaged over time. The particles are imaged using three separate light sources, activated in sequence, one source being a back light, a second source being a side light to provide dark field illumination, and a third source comprising a cross polarized light source to illuminate birefringent particles. The recorder in one embodiment is attached to a buoyancy unit which is capable upon command for bringing the sedimentation recorder to a programmed depth below the ocean surface during recordation mode, and on command returning the unit to the ocean surface for transmission of recorded data and receipt of new instructions. The combined unit is provided with its own power source and is designed to operate autonomously in the ocean for extended periods of time.

The invention provides a forest ecological system respiration carbon flux determination method, which comprises the following steps of obtaining the concentration of atmosphere CO2 at different heights in a target forest layer in the preset time period and the delta 13C isotope value in the atmosphere CO2; obtaining the forest ecological system respiration delta 13C isotope value according to the concentration of atmosphere CO2 and the delta 13C isotope value; obtaining the delta 13C isotope value in the CO2 generated by respiration of tree branches to be tested in the target forest in the preset time period and the delta 13C isotope value in the CO2 generated by respiration of soil; determining the proportion relationship of each respiration ingredient in the forest ecological system according to the obtained delta 13C isotope value in the CO2 generated by respiration of tree branches to be tested and the delta 13C isotope value in the CO2 generated by respiration of soil; obtaining the carbon flux of the soil to be tested; substituting the obtained carbon flux of the soil to be tested into the proportion relationship of each respiration in the forest ecological system; obtaining the forest ecological system respiration carbon flux. The carbon flux change of the atmosphere and the plants can be precisely measured in the forest ecological system under the complicated terrain conditions.

The invention discloses a surface water, heat and carbon flux coupling estimation method based on remote sensing information. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring ground observation data; preprocessing ground data; preparing ground input data; calibrating model parameters; acquiring remote sensing data; acquiring meteorological data; acquiring other parameters; preprocessing regional data; preparing regional input data; calculating carbon flux; calculating the air hole conductivity; and calculating the latent heat flux and sensible heat flux of the earth surface. According to the invention, the photosynthetic rate estimation error is reduced; the stress effect of soil moisture on canopy conductivity is quantified by introducing a soil moisture limiting factor, so the canopyconductivity estimation error is reduced; the influence of soil moisture on soil evaporation is considered, the estimation of the influence of soil moisture on soil evaporation is realized by utilizing remote sensing information, and the operability and the applicability are improved; earth surface sensible heat flux can be estimated at the same time, and earth surface latent heat flux and sensible heat flux can be estimated at the same time through an energy balance equation.

The invention relates to a monitoring device for researching a relation between illumination and a soil carbon flux. The monitoring device comprises a base; a monitoring hole is formed in the middle part of the base; a lighttight cover body and a light-transmitting cover body are respectively hinged to positions, located on two sides of the monitoring hole, on the base; the lighttight cover body is driven by a first driving mechanism to do turning motion, so as to close or open the monitoring hole; the light-transmitting cover body is driven by a second driving mechanism to do turning motion,so as to close or open the monitoring hole; and interfaces for mounting monitoring sensors are respectively formed in the lighttight cover body and the light-transmitting cover body. The monitoring device disclosed by the invention can be used for monitoring soil respiration related parameters under a natural environment and can be also used for monitoring soil respiration related parameters undera dark environment; two groups of comparative data are acquired, so as to further research the relation between the illumination and the soil respiration favorably; and the monitoring device has an important significance for pushing the research on the carbon flux of a terrestrial ecosystem.

The invention discloses a remote sensing monitoring method of the light use efficiency and the gross primary production of a phyllostachys pubescens forest ecological system. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, obtaining the gross primary production through a carbon flux tower observation technology, and calculating the light use efficiency by dividing the gross primary production by photosynthetically active radiation; secondly, by utilizing the relationship among the light use efficiency of the phyllostachys pubescens forest, the reflectance of a remote sensing image and the vegetation index, on the basis of eliminating an abnormal value of the remote sensing image, in combination with a partial least square method and a bootstrap method, screening an optimal variable combination, establishing a light use efficiency inversion model, and obtaining the light use efficiency of the phyllostachys pubescens forest by inversion; and finally, calculating the light use efficiency of the phyllostachys pubescens forest by utilizing a light use efficiency inversion model, multiplying the calculated light use efficiency by the photosynthetically active radiation, obtaining the gross primary production of the phyllostachys pubescens forest, and realizing dynamic monitoring of the light use efficiency and the gross primary production of the phyllostachys pubescens forest ecological system based on a remote sensing technology. By means of the method, the remote sensing monitoring precision of the gross primary production of the phyllostachys pubescens forest can be increased.

The invention generally relates to methods, devices, and microbes involved in performing redox imbalanced fermentations. In one aspect, the invention provides a device that generally includes an electrode and at least one microbe in electron communication with the electrode. The microbe generally can exhibit increased activity of at least one enzyme involved in converting a substrate to a redox imbalanced product. In another aspect, the invention provides a method for performing redox imbalanced fermentation. Generally, the method includes providing a substrate to a microbe under conditions effective for the microbe to metabolize the substrate to a redox imbalanced product. At least one microbe may be in contact with an electrode. In some cases, metabolic conversion of the substrate to the redox imbalanced product can include transferring electrons between the electrode and the microbe. In other cases, metabolic conversion of the substrate to the redox imbalanced product exhibits a carbon flux from organic substrate to organic product of at least 80%. In another aspect, the invention provides a genetically modified Shewanella oneidensis microbe.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a data processing method and device, equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the carbon flux data and environmental parameter information of a target region, and determining the carbon flux missing characteristics of the target region according to the historical carbon flux data of the target region; Selecting a carbonflux interpolation strategy according to the carbon flux missing characteristics of the target area, wherein the carbon flux interpolation strategy comprises a single interpolation strategy and a multiple interpolation strategy; Analyzing the carbon flux data and the environmental parameter information of the target area according to the selected carbon flux interpolation strategy to predict themissing carbon flux of the target area; Performing interpolation on the carbon flux data of the target area according to the missing carbon flux of the target area; The accuracy of detecting the carbon flux data of the target area can be improved.

The invention relates to a trunk CO2 flux measurement device. The trunk CO2 flux measurement device comprises an infrared gas analyzer, a gas passage and a lifting frame used for arranging the infrared gas analyzer and the gas passage connected with the infrared gas analyzer, wherein the gas passage comprises a trunk contact cover, a carbon flux gas chamber contact cover and a steering tube used for connecting the trunk contact cover and the carbon flux gas chamber contact cover, the steering tube is arranged on the lifting frame through a fixing seat, the lifting frame comprises a desktop and desk legs located at the corners of the lower side of the desktop, each desk leg comprises a fixed segment and a telescopic segment located in the fixed segment, the fixed segment is connected with the telescopic segment through a locking device, a bearing platform is arranged between the desk legs, and a rail is arranged on the periphery of the bearing platform. According to the measurement device, the problem that a long-term test problem with high observation efficiency is difficult to carry out in a trunk breath process in the field for a long time is solved, the automation capability of plant trunk CO2 flux observation processes according to time scales such as day and night, seasonal variation and the like is greatly improved, manpower investment is lowered, and valuable data is provided for researches on trunk breath, carbon cycle of forest ecosystems, etc.

The invention relates to an overground and underground synchronous carbon flux measuring experimental device comprising a monitoring device for studying the soil carbon flux and a transparent cylindrical body for cultivating plants. A partition plate is arranged at the middle part of the transparent cylindrical body and is used for separating a ground portion and a soil portion of the plant in twoseparate chambers. A liquid supply interface for providing a nutrient solution for the plant is further disposed on the side wall of the chamber for accommodating the soil portion of the plant. Through holes through which plants pass are formed in the partition plate. The two ends of the transparent cylindrical body are connected to monitoring holes of the monitoring device respectively. According to the invention, the overground and underground synchronous carbon flux measuring experimental device is used for monitoring parameters related to soil respiration below the surface as well as thecarbon flux variation parameters above the ground to obtain two groups of overground and underground monitoring data, thereby analyzing the soil respiration relationship. The overground and underground synchronous carbon flux measuring experimental device has the great significance in prompting the study on the carbon flux in the terrestrial ecosystem.

The invention discloses a forest system carbon flux estimation method, and relates to the technical field of carbon flux estimation. The method aims to solve the problems that an existing forest system carbon flux estimation method is large in calculated amount and low in estimation result accuracy. According to the method, sensitivity analysis is carried out on vegetation physiological and ecological parameters and carbon flux based on a point-scale Biome-BGC model, sensitive vegetation physiological and ecological parameters are determined, then correlation analysis is carried out, and datatypes related to data types in the sensitive vegetation physiological and ecological parameters are removed; and Biome-BGC model parameters of a point scale are determined in combination with meteorological data, the Biome-BGC model parameters are taken as model parameters of a regional scale Biome-BGC model, errors are determined in combination with an error neural network model, and finally an estimation result of the forest system carbon flux is determined. The method is mainly used for estimating forest system carbon flux.

The invention provides an arid region carbon flux estimation method based on a box type method and taking the precipitation influence into consideration. The method comprises the first step of observing responding sensibility of carbon flux to different precipitation events; the second step of dividing grades of the precipitation events, wherein the precipitation events are sequentially divided into five grades (P0, P1, P2, P3 and P4) from small to big, P0 is zero precipitation (no precipitation event occurs), P1, P2 and P3 are precipitation event occurrence probability bodies, and P4 is an extremely-large precipitation event; the third step of establishing a responding model and conducting parameterization, wherein the responding model of carbon flux to the precipitation events is established, and corresponding model parameters are determined; the fourth step of estimating the carbon flux, wherein the carbon flux estimation value in the estimation time frame is obtained by calculating and calculating sum of the calculus of the carbon flux of the precipitation events of the different grades according to the different precipitation event static results and the responding model in the research region. The method has the advantages that calculation is easy, the estimation accuracy is high and the outdoor workload is low and can be widely applied to arid region carbon flux monitoring, carbon cycling and related research fields.

The invention relates to a CO2 flux measurement device used in intertidal wetland. The device comprises an infrared gas analyzer, a gas path and an erector, wherein the gas path is connected with the infrared gas analyzer, the erector is used for placing the infrared gas analyzer and the gas path, the gas path comprises a transparent water-touching cover and a wave protection pipe; a plurality of sharp angles are uniformly distributed on the lower edge of the water-touching cover; scales are arranged on the side wall of the water-touching cover; a level gauge is arranged on the water-touching cover; the other end of the wave protection pipe is connected with a carbon flux air chamber contact cover; the wave protection pipe is connected with a lifting rod at one side angle of the erector through a fixing ring; the erector comprises a table top and table legs; the table legs comprise fixed sections and stretching sections positioned inside the fixed sections; sharp ends are arranged at the front ends of the stretching sections; the fixed sections are connected with the stretching sections by virtue of a locking device. Based on mutual cooperation of the gas path and the erector as well as the infrared gas analyzer in the measuring device, the problem that the traditional CO2 flux measurement method for inland wetland is difficultly used for effectively measuring the intertidal wetland for a long time is solved, the high automation capability is realized, the operation is time-saving and labor-saving, and the aim of continuously measuring for a long time is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for identifying the effect of water logging events on the carbon flux of crop soil units, which includes the following steps: setting water logging scenarios for soilunits at different growth stages of crops; measuring the CO2 concentration of the soil units at different time periods under different water logging scenarios in different growth stages of crops; calculating the CO2 flux of the crop soil units according to the measured CO2 concentration, and drawing a change trend curve of CO2 flux under different water logging scenarios in different growth stagesof crops and a change trend curve of CO2 flux under natural conditions; and comparatively analyzing the two curves to quantitatively identify the effect of water logging events on the carbon flux ofthe crop soil units. The method focuses on CO2 flux, including the emission and absorption process of the soil units. The carbon source/sink problem of the crop soil units can be judged, and thus, a scientific support is provided for the study of the carbon source/sink problem of the farmland ecosystem.

The invention discloses a method for monitoring a carbon flux emission rule in an ecological system region. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring initial values of carbon dioxide concentrations at different heights in the ecological system area; obtaining correction values of carbon dioxide concentrations at different heights through a BLS algorithm; obtaining accurate values of carbon dioxide concentration fields at different heights through an ART algorithm; according to the accurate values of the carbon dioxide concentration fields at different heights, calculating the carbon flux in the ecological system region through a Fick algorithm; obtaining environmental factor parameters in the ecological system area, integrating environmental factors and the carbon flux data, building an ELM model, and obtaining the carbon flux emission rule in the ecological system area. The method for monitoring the carbon flux emission rule in the ecological system region has the technical advantages of being high in temporal-spatial resolution, high in measurement speed, high in stability, capable of conducting continuous and real-time online monitoring analysis on the rice field carbon flux and the like.