The invention discloses a
traceability analysis and multi-
habitat homology evaluation method for
antibiotic drug-
resistant genes in an environmental sample, which is used for cross-
habitat transmission and
potential source identification of the
drug-
resistant genes. Comprising the following steps: 1) establishing a multivariate abundance matrix of
antibiotic drug-
resistant genes in environmental samples, constructing a
drug-resistant
gene traceability model by utilizing a
machine learning
algorithm, and accurately predicting potential contribution proportions of different habitats to a target
habitat resistance group; and 2) aiming at the identified source habitat, reconstructing a bacterial
genome through a
genome assembly and binning technology, identifying homologous
drug-resistant genes of the source-sink habitat by utilizing multi-
sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis, constructing a multi-medium transmission map of the drug-resistant genes and a
transmission network between bacterial hosts, and clarifying
connectivity and a transmission mechanism between habitats. According to the method,
machine learning
traceability and
gene homology analysis are integrated, so that systematic evaluation of drug-resistant
gene cross-habitat transmission is realized, and
technical support is provided for
pollution source identification and
risk prevention and control of bacterial
drug resistance.