The invention discloses a method for expressing human humanin protein in peanut seeds, which comprises the following steps: connecting humanin protein coding gene to a 3' end of an oleosin gene by a genetic engineering means, establishing an 'oleosin-erepsin-human humanin protein' plant expression vector driven by an oleosin promoter, transforming peanuts to realize high-level expression of recombinant protein in peanut seeds with the accumulation of oil body, then performing centrifugation of fusion protein, digesting the fusion protein by exo-protease, performing centrifugation, removing the oil phase and recovering water phase, performing purification to obtain human humanin protein. The recombinant protein obtained by the method of the invention is safe, has high activity, is very easy to be recovered and purified, can be stored in peanut seeds for a long term, is convenient for transportation, and greatly increases the crop added value.