133 results about "Aleurone" patented technology

The present invention provides methods and compositions for the identification of transgenic seeds. This is accomplished by use of screenable markers linked to aleurone-specific promoters. The screenable markers can be provided as gene fusions with selectable markers, allowing both selection and screening of transformants. The use of aleurone-specific promoters, which also direct expression in embryogenic tissues, allows efficient selection of transgenic cells and the screening of viable transgenic seeds, while avoiding the deleterious effects associated with constitutive expression of screenable marker genes. Screening of transgenic seeds avoids the need for growing and assaying of seeds for transgenes and allows implementation of automated seed screening techniques for the identification of transgenic seeds.

A process for the fractionation of valuable fractions from cereal brans (e.g. wheat, barley and oat brans, and rice polish) is described. In particular, this invention describes a two step process, in which the said bran is first subjected to a combination of enzymatic treatment and wet milling, followed by sequential centrifugation and ultrafiltration, which aims at physically separating the main bran factions, i.e. insoluble phase (pericarp and aleurone layer), germ-rich fraction, residual endosperm fraction and soluble sugars. A second step consists of fractionating cereal brans substantially free of soluble compounds, hence insoluble phase from the above-mentioned first step, by enzymatic treatment with xylanases and / or beta-glucanase and wet milling, followed by sequential centrifugation and ultrafiltration, which aims at physically separating the main fractions, i.e. insoluble phase (remaining cell wall components), protein-rich fraction, soluble hemicellulose and oligosaccharide, and therefore maximizes the extraction rate of valuable cell wall components and aleurone cells from previously cleaned bran.

A bioprocess and apparatus for the continuous production of novel masa and whole-corn flours as cereal-base and functional-food ingredients. The bioprocess includes providing a fine grind fraction of corn kernel; combining the fine grind fraction of corn kernel with at least one endoamylase to produce an enzyme-added fine grind; moist-heat precooking the enzyme-added fine grind to obtain a pre-cooked enzyme-added fine grind; low-moisture conditioning the precooked enzyme-added fine grind to partially hydrolyze starchy endosperm and swell starch and aleurone-bran granules to produce enzymatically conditioned corn kernel particles; and_milling the conditioned corn kernel particles to obtain flour comprising a fine grind portion of the conditioned corn kernel particle.

The invention provides a preparation method of wheat bran aleurone which is prepared by taking wheat bran as raw material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: removing impurities, precrushing, predrying / prefreezing, crushing at low temperature, enriching, carrying out air classification and grading or high-voltage electrostatic separation, sterilizing and packaging to obtain an aleurone finished product, wherein the operations of removing impurities and enriching are carried out in a spin-vibration screen, the operation of crushing at low temperature is carried out through a turbo type crusher at the crushing temperature ranging from 15 DEG C below zero to 10 DEG C, and the operation of high-voltage electrostatic separation is carried out in a high-voltage direct-current electrostatic field. As a dry method for machining and treating, the method provided by the invention can be used for remaining the nutritional ingredients of the aleurone to the maximum extent and is good in separation effect for an aleurone layer, high in purity of the prepared aleurone finished product, simple in process flow and low in production cost.

The invention discloses a rice germ process which sequentially comprises the steps of: selecting high-quality rice; screening; removing stone; hulling rice; separating husked rice; storing brown rice; whitening; polishing; grading; color-sorting; packaging in vacuum; and obtaining a finished product. The whitening step is as follows: in a rice germ machine, the brown rice is fed to a sieve cage of the rice machine by using a feeding auger, hulls on surface layers of the brown rice grains, seed husks and perispern are removed by using mutual extrusion and friction actions among the brown rice grains, and aleurone layers and germ parts of the brown rice grains are maintained as far as possible, thus the taste of the rice germ is improved, and nutrients of the rice germ are remained furthest. The polishing step is as follows: water is added in the mutually extruded and rubbed rice germ in a sieve cage of a polishing machine, and the brightness of the rice grains is improved by using mutual friction action among the rice grains and wetting action of water to the rice grains so as to improve the commercial value of the rice germ. The rice produced by adopting the process has the characteristics of fully remained nutrients, freshness and better taste, and is rich in various trace elements without causing loss of more nutrients in a processing process. In order to activate the vitality in the germ, the germination process is implemented before eating, thus the purposes of saving energy, reducing consumption and ensuring the vitality of nutrients are achieved.

A quality evaluation method and apparatus for non-bran rice evaluate quality or taste of non-bran rice by identifying proportions of a hull layer, an aleurone layer, an endosperm layer, which adhere to a surface of the non-bran rice according to luminance levels of self-emitted fluorescence obtained by irradiating the non-bran rice with excitation light.

The invention relates to the field of baby foods, in particular to whole-grain rice enzymolysis infant milky rice powder. Whole-grain rice which substitutes for polished rice is supplemented with cow milk materials to serve as raw materials of baby foods, nutrients of husks, aleurone layers and grain embryos in whole-grain rice are used completely, and comprehensive nutrition is guaranteed due to joint addition of animal and vegetable materials. By protease, lactase and amylase for enzymolysis, enzymolysis of allergenic protein, lactose and starch is realized to make the allergenic protein, the lactose and the starch easier to digest and absorb, and transitional period of baby foods can be effectively shortened for infants.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency inducing screening method for parthenogernesis haploid of a plant receptor. The high-efficiency screening method is characterized in that an expression box with double markers of embryo-specific promoter ZmESP-driven fluorescent protein eGFP and embryo milk aleurone layer specific promoter HvASP-promoted fluorescent protein DsRED forms an embryo-embryo milk double-fluorescent marker carrier; based on the corn, rice, wheat and barley parthenogernesis haploid inducing series with embryo-embryo milk tissue specific double fluorescent markers, the haploidcan be accurately and efficiently verified and screened in a large-scale way, and the particular advantage is realized in the breeding of haploid; the limitation to the expression of seed anthocyaninor content of oil by the embryo-embryo milk color or oil content screening markers due to genetic background can be overcome, and the haploid seeds can be stably and efficiently screened; the high-efficiency screening method can be applied to the materials with any color and oil content under any genetic background, the limitation to the receptor in the prior art is overcome, and the important meaning is realized on the breeding of double haploids.

The invention discloses a mechanical separation enriching method for wheat-bran aleuronic cells. The method comprises the following steps: (1) drying wheat bran to a water content of 8-10%; (2) precrushing: crushing for 1-3 min by a traditional Chinese medicine crusher, sieving through a vibrating screen of 40-60 meshes, taking the oversize material; (3) stripping and crushing: pouring the oversize material obtained in the step (2) into a closed-type crushing chamber for stripping and crushing, wherein the crushing chamber comprises a hammer impact crush disk with a diameter of 150-500 mm and a turbine classifier with a grading wheel rotation speed of 2000-3000 rpm, and the hammer impact crush disk is provided with 4-12 hammerheads each with tooth-form edge and each with a rotation speed of 35-45 m / s; and (4) screening for separation. The method of the invention is simple in technology, low in production cost and small in energy consumption, and is capable of preparing the aleuronic cell product with high enriching purity, high nutritive value and integrated cell structures.

The invention discloses clean rice dregs formed by milling embryo and aleurone layers and a production technology thereof and belongs to the technical field of rice deep processing technology. The technology related in the invention comprises two processes, and six or more machines are adopted for milling rice, wherein three or more machines discharge dregs. The washing-free rice with embryo and aleurone layers produced by a washing-free rice production process is further subjected to a rice dreg milling process, wherein a sand roller of one machine performs milling, and iron rollers of two or more machines performs milling and polishing to realize the technology and produce clean rice dregs in which the content of the embryo and aleurone layers is greater than 60% and the residue of peels, seed coats and perisperms is less than 1%. According to the invention, the embryo and aleurone layers abandoned by people used to eating high milled rice, namely rice dregs contained in rice bran, are turned into wealth; and clean natural nutrient healthcare food is directly extracted from the rice milling technology by use of the modern precise rice milling technology so that the internal values of the rice dregs are sufficiently used, the grain resources are saved and relatively high economic and social benefits are realized.

A soft wheat flour containing bran, wherein the bran has a total fiber content comprised between 20 and 30% and a protein content comprised between 12.0 and 18.0% (% in weight of the total weight of the bran); such flour preferably has a bran content comprised between 5 and 30% and is produced by a process which comprises the process phases of a) subjecting soft wheat caryopses (101) to successive process phases involving abrasion in order to substantially remove the bran coating, thereby obtaining various bran fractions, the latter of which (D) originates from the removal of the aleurone, nucellar and testa layers; b) adding the latter bran fraction (D) to a soft wheat flour (F) substantially free of bran in a quantity such as to obtain a flour (C) containing from 5 to 30% of the total mixture weight of bran fraction (D); the invention furthermore refers to a soft wheat flour bakery product containing bran, wherein the bran has a total fiber content comprised between 20 and 30% and a protein content comprised between 12.0 and 18.0% (% in weight of the total weight of the bran), as well as to the use of a soft wheat bran fraction essentially containing the layers of the starting caryopses (101) consisting of the aleurone (105), nucellar (104) and testa (103) layers in the production of whole grain bakery products.

The invention discloses a method for breeding a corn inbred line by using the hybridizing induction of haploids, and belongs to the field of crop breeding methods. The method comprises the following steps: pollinating basic population or cenospecies according with breeding targets by using JASS31, and selecting aleurone layer top purple and purple-free embryonic tip labeled grains; naturally or artificially doubling the obtained material, and inbreding; and selecting non-separated head progeny rows realizing consistent progenies as a new inbred line. The method has a high haploid inductivity reaching above 13%, and has the advantages of obvious selection labeling, easy screening and high accuracy; and additionally, the JASS31 used in the invention has a moderate height, a long flowering time and a large pollen amount, and natural pollination induction of haploids can be carried out, so the artificial pollination can be avoided, labor saving is realized, and it is suitable for the large scale population operation. The method also has the characteristics of high breeding efficiency, simple operation and fast breeding speed.

The invention discloses a manufacture method of an extrusion germ food which comprises extrusion germ tea, extrusion germ powder, extrusion germ particle rice and extrusion germ combined rice. The invention has the advantages that brown rice hulls containing relatively rich nutrition are solely extracted and independently designed and utilized so as to greatly increase the utilization flexibility. The invention adopts a layered extraction mode according to the distribution situation of the nutrient content in brown rice, firstly extracts the hulls with relatively rich nutrition to be processed into the extrusion germ tea, and the rest peel, seed coat, embryos and an aleurone layer which are subsequently separated and obtained are extruded to improve the tissue structure so as to be beneficial to absorption. The extrusion germ particle rice and the extrusion germ combined rice are the other characteristic of the design, enable the combined rice amount to be flexibly increased or decreased and enable the cooked rice to have extremely stable ideal color, smell, taste and mouthfeel.

The invention relates to a selective breeding technique of an anthocyanin type purple corn, comprising the following steps: pyramiding anthocyanin dominant genes of a plurality of locus, and enablingthe anthocyanin dominant genes of the locus to be homozygous; then pyramiding large subtending leaves, high yielding, excellent quality and adversity character and breeding purple corn or purple waxycorn inbred line which has high anthocyanin content by early generation selection and a minimally invasive single kernel identification method; and selectively breeding the anthocyanin type pure purple genotype homozygous or dominant heterozygous corn--the purple waxy corn and the purple corn by matching the purple waxy corn with the purple waxy corn, matching the purple waxy corn with the purplecorn, matching the purple corn with the purple corn or matching the purple corn with other purple recessive character corns. A prepared single cross hybrid has the advantages as follows: 1. seed cases, aleurone layers, rhachises, the subtending leaves, filaments, tassels, anthers are purple and rich in anthocyanin, and stalks, medulla, leaf veins and leaves present purple colors of different degrees and all contain the anthocyanin; 2. the single cross hybrid not only can be used for producing the anthocyanin but also can be used as a fresh food; and 3. the single cross hybrid has high yieldingand can be cultivated on all soils which are suitable for common corns.

The invention discloses a specific expression promoter of a rice seed aleurone layer and application of the rice seed aleurone layer, and provides a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) segment which is a DNA molecule shown in 1) or 2) or 3), wherein 1) is the DNA molecule shown in a sequence 1 of a sequence table; 2) is the DNA molecule hybridized with a DNA sequence defined by 1) under a strict condition and having a promoter function; and 3) is the DNA molecule having homology of more than 70 percent with the DNA sequence defined by 1) and having a promoter function. The experiment shows that the promoter P-NF-YB1 is found, rice is introduced, and the expression of glucuronidase (GUS) gene is driven in the rice. The result shows that the rice seed aleurone layer specially expresses that the promoter is a tissue specificity promoter; and the promoter has wide application and market prospect in the field of agriculture.

The invention discloses a method for increasing the content of nutrient components in rice by thickening an aleurone layer. The method for cultivating the rice with increased content of the nutrient components comprises a step of thickening the aleurone layer of initial rice to obtain target rice with higher content of nutrient components than the initial rice. In the invention, the high nutriment rice is bred by thickening the aleurone layer of the rice; the problem that only the content of special nutrient components can be changed when special exogenous genes are inducted at present is solved; and compared with wild-type rice, the length, the width and the thousand seed weight of seeds of the rice cultivated by using the method are all increased and the content of nutrient components such as proteins and materials of zinc, iron and the like in the seeds is obviously increased.

The invention provides a corn breeding method, comprising the following steps: radiating seeds of a second cycle corn or a population mixture, then planting, selecting target character variation strains for inbreeding, carrying out single ear threshing, planting again and inducing with an inducer, and selecting haploid grains with a purple color label on top of an aleurone layer, and without a purple label on embryonic tips; doubling the haploid grains, carrying out inbreeding on the successfully doubled plants, and collecting inbred maturing grains; planting the selfing maturing grains, selecting ears satisfying breeding object requirements for inbreeding, obtaining a new corn inbred line, and testing the new corn inbred line pollen with testing seeds; planting the testing combination, carrying out field identification and finishing breeding a new corn species. The method combines the haploid breeding and the mutation breeding to rapidly obtain a homozygous inbred line for assembling a hybrid combination, so as to reduce breeding time and raise correctness and efficiency of corn variety breeding.

The invention provides a preparation technology of purple glutinous rice old wine. The preparation technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of: sufficiently extracting by an ultrasonic technology and an enzymolysis technology, blending purple glutinous rice aleurone layer essence and raw wine prepared by purple rice whitening puffing rice flour to be aged, and carrying out esterification fusion by an esterification technology. According to the technology, the unsaturated fatty acid in the wine, and the flavor substances, i.e., the acid, the bitter and the foul smell, generated by the long-time fermentation oxidation of protein can be removed, and the purple glutinous rice old wine which is purple, clear, pure and mild in mouthfeel, and full-bodied in fragrance can be prepared. According to the preparation technology, the new direction of purple wine in the field of wine industry in China can be developed, and a new wine which is very high in nourishing function and unique in flavor can be provided for consumers.

The invention discloses a maize breeding method. Two maize inbred lines of different germ lines in a temperate zone and a tropic zone are selected and used as breeding materials and radiated; two generations are grown through selfing; target trait variation strains are selected and used as parent generations for hybridization; re-planting is conducted after single-corncob threshing, and an induction line is used for induction; haploid seeds are selected from harvested clusters to be doubled, wherein the haploid seeds have aleurone layers, the top ends of the haploid seeds are provided with violet marks, and plumule tips are not provided with violet marks; plants which are successfully doubled are subjected to selfing to harvest self-fruiting seeds; the self-fruiting seeds are planted, and head progeny rows meeting a breeding objective are selected for selfing to obtain a new maize inbred line; pollen of the new maize inbred line is used for test matching with test seeds; a test matching combination is planted, and a new maize variety is bred after field identification. The maize breeding method has the advantages that radiation is used for irradiating the seeds, the breeding cycle is shortened, the variety breeding rate is increased, the bred seeds are high in quality and suitable for being grown in wide areas, and the plants are proper in height, fast in growth, and resistant to drought and weeds.

The invention discloses development and application of a tenfold elytrigia elongata blue-grained character special molecular marker and a fluorescence in situ hybridization probe. A specificity locusamplified fragment sequencing technique is utilized for sequencing common wheat, blue-grained wheat (blue 58) and elytrigia elongata; an elytrigia elongata 4Ag chromosome specific DNA sequence is obtained through sequence data comparative analysis; on the basis of the elytrigia elongate 4Ag chromosome specific DNA sequence, the elytrigia elongate 4Ag chromosome-derived blue-grained character special molecular marker and the special fluorescence probe are developed. The molecular marker and the probe provided by the invention can be used for identifying a blue-grained phenotype during a processof transferring a chromosome segment to the wheat from elytrigia elongata, so that not only a foundation is laid for positioning and cloning a blue aleurone gene, but also a basis is provided for marker-assisted selection of a blue-grained character.

The invention discloses a plant expression carrier and a method for cultivating low-phytic-acid rice. The plant expression carrier comprises a hairpin structure unit inoculated into an original carrier and a specific promoter, wherein the specific promoter is a promoter Oleosin 18, and the nucleotide sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO.2. The method comprises the following steps: (1) constructing the plant expression carrier; (2) performing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation on the plant expression carrier to obtain a rice callus tissue; and (3) transferring the rice callus tissue onto a selective culture medium for further culture, transplanting onto a crop-growing field after seedling differentiation, and screening to obtain the low-phytic-acid rice plant. According to the invention, the seed specific promoter Oleosin 18 is used to control gene expression, so that gene silencing only occurs in seed embryos and aleurone layers, thereby effectively preventing the synthesis of phytic acid in other tissue positions of rice from being influenced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of food detection and particularly relates to a method for measuring the amylase content and amylopectin content of rice with half grains. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, rice flour is prepared, wherein single rice grains are taken and manually hulled, seed coats and aleurone layers are removed with a knife blade to obtain polished rice grains, then each polished rice grain is transversely cut into two half grains, and the half grains without the germ parts are taken and ground into polished rice flower with a grinding stick; secondly, fat and soluble sugar of the polished rice flour are removed, wherein the polished rice flour obtained in the first step is weighed and evenly mixed with 100% chromatographically-pure methyl alcohol, the mixture is heated for 10 min at 100 DEG C and then centrifuged at 10000 g, then precipitate is collected, the step is repeated 2-3 times, and the precipitate is mixed, wherein the dosage ratio of the polished rice flour to methyl alcohol is 0.6 mg / 1.0 ml; thirdly, starch is gelatinized, and linear chains and branch chains are separated; fourthly, parameters of a gel permeation chromatograph are set; fifthly, the ratio of amylase content / amylopectin content is directly obtained according to the ingredient outlet peak area ratio of amylase to amylopectin.

The invention discloses a research method for classifying endosperm tissues in detail by using a morphological method. The research method comprises the following steps: planting corn, sorghum, wheat and rice, experimenting caryopsis developed for different days; examining size, shape and color changes of the caryopsis by using an integrated microscope, and observing position and distribution changes of the endosperm tissues; observing fluorescence characteristics of different tissues of the caryopsis by using a luminescence microscope, and analyzing ingredients of the caryopsis; observing microstructure change of caryopsis and endosperm tissue development by using a light microscope; observing a three-dimensional shape and distribution of cell walls, amyloid, protein body and aleurone cereal by using a scanning electron microscope; and observing characteristics and changes of subcellular structures in cells by using a transmission electron microscope. According to the research method, by using four main cereals as experiment materials, a total development process of the cereal endosperm is analyzed and verified by using various morphological observation technologies, an important role of the endosperm during development of the caryopsis is displayed, and important information is provided for evolution development by comparing structural difference of different grain endosperms.

The invention relates to a production method for long-storage enriched rice and rice bran. The production method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: carrying out combined treatment of microwave and statured steam on unpolished rice which is hulled and removed of impurities; lightly grinding to obtain the long-storage enriched rice and rice bran. The combined treatment of the microwave and the statured steam has a synergistic effect, can effectively kill worm eggs hidden in the rice, can passivate lipoxidase and lipase in the rice, and can restrain lipid oxidation. Meanwhile, low-temperature high-humidity treatment is carried out before the microwave treatment, so that the crack percentage of the rice is effectively reduced, and the loss of nutritional ingredients is reduced. Besides, in a saturated stream treatment process and a subsequent tempering process, part of the steam enters the coat of the unpolished rice, so that the coat and seed coat on the surface layer of the unpolished rice are easily removed by light grinding while an aleurone layer and a plumule part are kept. The enriched rice produced by the method is long in storage period and high in nutritional value.

The invention discloses a method for modifying and reconstructing edible coarse cereals and beans, and belongs to the technical field of food processing. In the method, harder hulls on the outer layers of the coarse cereals and beans and the structure of an aleurone layer are damaged by the steps of adjusting moisture, freezing and drying the selected coarse cereal and bean grains and the other steps, so that the water absorption and the mouthfeel quality are improved. In the method, the freezing is combined with the drying to ensure that the growth and the expansion of ice crystals can damage the internal structures of the grains during the freezing; and the moisture is evaporated during drying, so that a great number of gaps and passages are formed in the coarse cereals and beans to contribute to water absorption and loosen construction. The coarse cereals and beans treated by the method can quickly absorb water, cooking property is improved, the preservation period of the dried product is long and the problems of long cooking time, difficult water absorption, hard mouthfeel and the like of the coarse cereals and beans and the like can be solved.

The invention aims to provide a method and equipment for processing milled rice with embryos. The process is simple, the cost is low, and the milled rice with embryos is nutrient-rich. The method comprises the steps of husking rice, separating husk from grains, purifying the husked rice, performing primary winnowing, performing primary grinding, performing secondary grinding, performing secondary winnowing, performing color sorting, grading and packaging. Grains and husks are screened, subjected to magnetic separation and lifted to a grain winnower; the grain winnower sorts and purifies the husked rice and lifts the husked rice to a first MNML25 type rice mill machine; a rotating speed of a first emery roll is adjusted to 1120 rpm; wind pressure of an draft fan of the rice mill machine is adjusted to 12 pa / cm<2>; the emery roll strips off and grinds peels or seed husks containing pesticide residues of the husked rice; rice grains ground and husked by the first rice mill machine are lifted to a second MNML25 type rice mill machine; a rotating speed of a second emery roll is adjusted to 1080 rpm; wind pressure of an draft fan of the rice mill machine is adjusted to 15 pa / cm<2>; and at the moment, the second rice mill machine removes a few seed husks and nucellus layers of rice grains from the first rice mill machine and keeps embryo parts and aleurone layers on the rice grains on the rice grains, so that the milled rice with embryos is formed. During grinding, the diameter of a rice grain conveying head of a mill is 240 mm, the width of a conveying inclined groove opening is 14 mm, and the depth is 13.5 mm. By the improvement on the method and the equipment, most of the aleurone layers and the embryos are reserved, most natural nutrition is reserved, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the milled rice with the embryos is nutrient-rich.

The invention discloses a production method of black rice yellow wine. Black rice is used as a fermentation raw material, contains a large amount of anthocyanidin, and has a relatively thick rice skin layer which is not beneficial to dissolution of the anthocyanidin. A dissolution rate of the anthocyanidin is improved through soaking and pre-gelatinization after soaking. Rice soaking water of black rice is applied to fermentation, so that discharge of wastewater is reduced, the environment is protected, loss of the anthocyanin is reduced, a utilization rate of the anthocyanin is increased, chromaticity of wine liquid is increased, caramel color does not need to form specially, and cost is reduced. Cellulase is added into rice mash for fermentation production of yellow wine and beneficial to damage of a black rice aleurone layer, promotes dissolution and enzymolysis of starch and protein in black rice, and improves a raw material conversion rate and the wine yield. An increase of a dissolution rate of the protein is beneficial to increase of the content of amino acid nitrogen in the product. The flavor of the yellow wine is improved.

The invention discloses a brown rice germ cake and a production method thereof. The brown rice germ cake is prepared from brown rice germ powder, soybean and rice. The brown rice germ powder is mixed powder of a brown rice cortex body consisting of a cortical layer, an aleurone layer and a germ body. The weight ratio of the brown rice germ powder to the soybean to the rice is 30:5:65. The production method for the brown rice germ cake comprises the following steps of: selecting brown rice; removing fur of the brown rice through a sand-roller rice milling machine; feeding the milled brown rice into a peeling machine twice in sequence so as to peel the cortical layer, the aleurone layer and the germ body of the brown rice; taking the peeled mixture as a main raw material; and cleaning, immersing, fermenting, acid-adjusting, baking and cake-making the raw material so as to make the brown rice germ cake. On the basis of the main materials consisting of the brown rice germ powder, the soybean and the rice, the brown rice germ cakes with different flavors can be further produced.