2678 results about "Unsaturated fatty acid" patented technology

The present invention relates to the Schizochytrium genus SR21 strain and a microorganism belonging to the same species as does said SR21 strain or having substantially the same fungological properties as does said SR21 strain, the said SR21 strain and microorganism having the ability to produce the (n-3) series of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the (n-6) series of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and the invention also relates to a process for preparing the (n-3) series of DHA and the (n-6) series of DPA utilizing said microorganisms. The microorganisms according to the present invention are superior in their proliferation character and their propensity to produce fat, and have the ability to produce the (n-3) series of DHA and the (n-6) series of DPA very well. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively produce the (n-3) series of DHA and/or the (n-6) series of DPA, which are useful in the fields of foods and pharmaceuticals, using the microorganisms according to the present invention. In addition, the present invention provides a fat obtained by culturing the present microorganisms. Since the fat composition contains the (n-6) series of DPA in addition to the (n-3) series of DHA having various physiological activities, it is possible to stably and effectively supply the (n-6) series of DPA and/or the (n-3) series of DHA to subjects in need of these highly unsaturated fatty acids by adding the fat composition to various feedstuffs or foods.

Yogurt containing lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria, to which one or more kinds of sweet substances selected from a group consisting of palatinose, palatinite, maltose, maltitol, starch syrup, reducing starch syrup and trehalose as well as a refined fish oil containing highly unsaturated fatty acids such as DHA and EPA are added, is packed in an oxygen blocking hermetic package. The yogurt contains highly unsaturated fatty acids and has good flavor and taste, as well as excellent product quality stability, and does not generate a fishy odor during normal storage periods.

A seamless capsule includes a core and a shell, wherein the core includes at least one polyunsaturated fatty acid, and at least one flavouring component, the process for manufacturing the capsule and products containing the capsule are also disclosed.

The present invention includes a palatable, stable composition comprising a biomass hydrolysate emulsion for incorporation, into, or used as, nutritional products, cosmetic products or pharmaceutical products. Preferred sources for biomass are microbial sources, plant sources and animal sources. The present invention also provides methods for making such compositions, specifically, a method for producing a product comprising a nutrient, particularly a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, comprising hydrolyzing a biomass comprising the nutrient and emulsifying the hydrolyzed biomass. Such compositions and methods are useful, for example, for increasing intake of nutrients such as omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids having 18 or more carbons.

The present invention relates to methods of synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in recombinant cells such as yeast or plant cells. Also provided are recombinant cells or plants which produce long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a group of new enzymes which possess desaturase or elongase activity that can be used in methods of synthesizing long-chain poly unsaturated fatty acids.

Disclosed are the complete polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) polyketide synthase (PKS) systems from the bacterial microorganisms Shewanella japonica and Shewanella olleyana, and biologically active fragments and homologues thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to nucleic acids encoding such PUFA PKS systems, to proteins and domains thereof that comprise such PUFA PKS systems, to genetically modified organisms (plants and microorganisms) comprising such PUFA PKS systems, and to methods of making and using the PUFA PKS systems disclosed herein. This invention also relates to genetically modified plants and microorganisms and methods to efficiently produce lipids enriched in various polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as well as other bioactive molecules by manipulation of a PUFA polyketide synthase (PKS) system.

The present invention is directed to nucleic acid molecules and nucleic acid constructs, and other agents associated with fatty acid synthesis, particularly the ratios of saturated and unsaturated fats. Moreover, the present invention is directed to plants incorporating such agents where the plants exhibit altered ratios of saturated and unsaturated fats. In particular, the present invention is directed to plants incorporating such agents where the plants exhibit altered levels of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

Methods are provided for maintaining or lowering lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ [“Lp-PLA₂”] levels, stabilizing rupture prone-atherosclerotic lesions, decreasing the Inflammatory Index and increasing Total Omega-3 Score™ in humans, by administering an effective amount of eicosapentaecnoic acid [“EPA”], an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid [“PUFA”].

A nutritional supplement comprising an infant milk formula having long chain poly unsaturated fatty acids, sialic acids, and cholesterol.

Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding delta-9 elongases along with a method of making long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) using these delta-9 elongases in plants.

The present invention provides a solid fat composition that includes an oil having saturated fat and an oil having at least one long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid. In particular, the solid fat composition can have high levels of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid and low to no presence of emulsifiers. In preferred embodiments, the polyunsaturated oil is an unwinterized microbial oil. The invention also relates to methods for making such compositions and food, nutritional, and pharmaceutical products comprising said compositions.

The present invention is directed to nucleic acid molecules and nucleic acid constructs, and other agents associated with fatty acid synthesis, particularly the ratios of saturated and unsaturated fats. Moreover, the present invention is directed to plants incorporating such agents where the plants exhibit altered ratios of saturated and unsaturated fats. In particular, the present invention is directed to plants incorporating such agents where the plants exhibit altered ratios of monounsaturated to polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The present invention relates to the construction and engineering of cells, more particularly microorganisms for producing PUFAs with four or more double bonds from non-fatty acid substrates through heterologous expression of an oxygen requiring pathway. The invention especially involves improvement of the PUFA content in the host organism through fermentation optimization, e.g. decreasing the temperature and/or designing an optimal medium, or through improving the flux towards fatty acids by metabolic engineering, e.g. through over-expression of fatty acid synthases, over-expression of other enzymes involved in biosynthesis of the precursors for PUFAs, or codon optimization of the heterologous genes, or expression of heterologous enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the precursor for PUFAs.

An emulsion comprising a continuous liquid phase, an emulsifier, and a discontinuous liquid phase comprising a blend including a polyunsaturated fatty acid source and a dispersing agent. The polyunsaturated fatty acid source comprises at least one polyunsaturated fatty acid and the weight ratio of the fatty acid source to the dispersing agent in the blend ranges from about between 9:1 and 1:10. A method for making an emulsion. The stability of the emulsion can be protected by antioxidants such as tea polyphenols.

Disclosed are the complete polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) polyketide synthase (PKS) systems from Schizochytrium, and biologically active fragments and homologues thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to nucleic acids encoding such PUFA PKS systems, to proteins and domains thereof that comprise such PUFA PKS systems, to genetically modified organisms (plants and microorganisms) comprising such PUFA PKS systems, and to methods of making and using the PUFA PKS systems disclosed herein. This invention also relates to genetically modified plants and microorganisms and methods to efficiently produce lipids enriched in various polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as well as other bioactive molecules by manipulation of a PUFA polyketide synthase (PKS) system.

The present invention includes methods for producing and purifying esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids that include reacting a composition having triglycerides with polyunsaturated fatty acid residues in the presence of an alcohol and a base to produce an ester of a polyunsaturated fatty acid from the triglycerides. The composition can be a polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing composition that has not been conventionally processed. The reacted composition can be further processed by distillation.

A nutrition bar comprising about 10% wt or more of soy and/or rice protein, at least one transition metal or transition metal compound, and about 2% wt or more of a humectant, and wherein the at least one transition metal or transition metal compound is in a substantially water insoluble form at 20° C. or the nutrition bar has an Aw of 0.45 or less or about 1% wt or more of the soy and/or rice protein is in the form of nuggets and the humectant is selected from polyols. The bars have elevated levels of soy and/or rice protein, yet do not suffer unacceptable from a deterioration in taste or other organoleptic properties over time. In other aspects, a nutrition bar or other food which incorporates pro-oxidants and/or polyunsaturated fatty acids or their sources in encapsulated form, especially as microcapsules. The pro-oxidants may be metal salts such as copper, manganese, iron and/or zinc salts. Sources of omega-3 fatty acids include fish oil. Processes for preparing the polyunsaturated fatty acid capsules are also disclosed. The polyunsaturated fatty acid capsules/microcapsules are prepared by forming an emulsion of the unsaturated fatty acid with a carrier, spray drying the emulsion to form a powder and encapsulating powder, especially with a fluid bed. The invention is especially useful for encapsulating polyunsaturated fatty acids, or oil sources thereof, most preferably omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), lineoleic acid, linolenic acid (alpha linolenic acid), and gamma-linolenic acids, fish oil, and oil sources of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids such as canola oil, soybean oil or blends thereof.

The present invention is directed to a process of producing novel fatty acids in oleaginous yeast by producing oleaginous yeast by introducing into the yeast genes coding for enzymes selected from the group consisting of D5-desaturase, D6-desaturase, D12-desaturase, D15-desaturase and elongase; and culturing the yeast in the medium containing high levels of carbon sources. The present invention is further directed to a residue or fatty acid that is obtained from pressing the oleaginous yeast produced by the process of the invention.

Disclosed are glyceride compositions, methods of making the glyceride compositions, and nutritional formulations containing the glyceride compositions. The glyceride compositions contain predominantly monoglycerides and diglycerides carrying one or more long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Also disclosed are methods of using the glyceride compositions and nutritional formulations.

Triglyceride oil derived from marine sources, mammalian and fish, is treated with a silica at relatively low temperature under vacuum and is then further treated with a bleaching clay under vacuum and at higher temperature. The silica and the bleaching clay are then separated from the oil. The oil treated by this method is essentially free of proteinaceous materials, phosphatides and mucilage, pro-oxidant metals and very low in colored compounds, and is suitable for deodorizing. The deodorized oil is completely bland, unchanged in the concentration of the long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acids (EPA, DPA and DHA), very low in color, peroxides and secondary oxidation products, free of pesticides and has very good flavor stability. The method avoids the use of any chemicals, such as in the acid and base treatments required in conventional degumming and alkali refining of oils of marine origin. This avoids the formation of artifacts in the oil and trace contamination with chemicals. It also reduces the number of process steps required to produce deodorized food oil from marine sources, which is advantageous in respect to oil quality, process losses and processing costs. The method is especially environmentally advantageous, since it avoids the need for soapstock and waste water processing entirely. Refined oil produced by the method is useful as a nutritional supplement and in methods of therapy or medical treatment.

The invention provides compositions comprising one or more long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, nitric oxide releasing compounds, and medium chain triglycerides and methods for using such compositions for enhancing cognitive function, reducing or preventing a decline of social interaction, reducing or preventing age-related behavioral changes, increasing trainability, maintaining optimal brain function, facilitating learning and memory, reducing memory loss, retarding brain aging, preventing or treating strokes, and preventing or treating dementia in an animal. Preferably, the compositions are food compositions useful for enhancing cognitive function in humans and companion animals.

The subject invention relates to isolated nucleic acid sequences or genes involved in polyketide synthase (PKS) biosynthetic pathways. In particular, such pathways are involved in the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as, for example, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Specifically, the invention relates to isolating nucleic acid sequences encoding proteins involved in eukaryotic PUFA-PKS systems and to uses of these genes and encoded proteins in PUFA-PKS systems, in heterologous hosts, for the production of PUFAs such as EPA and DHA.

Disclosed are novel oxylipins, referred to herein as docosanoids, that are derived from C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and method of making and using such oxylipins. Also disclosed is the use of docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-6) (DPAn-6), docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-3) (DPAn-3), and docosatetraenoic acid (DTAn-6: C22:4n-6) as substrates for the production of novel oxylipins, and to the oxylipins produced thereby. Also disclosed is the use of DPAn-6, DPAn-3, DTAn-6, and/or the oxylipins derived therefrom, and/or novel docosanoids derived from the structures of C22 fatty acids, in therapeutic and nutritional or cosmetic applications, and particularly as anti-inflammatory or anti-neurodegenerative compounds. The invention also relates to novel ways of producing long chain polyunsaturated acid (LCPUFA)-rich oils and compositions that contain enhanced and effective amounts of LCPUFA-derived oxylipins, and particularly, docosanoids.

The subject invention relates to the identification of several genes involved in the elongation of polyunsaturated acids (i.e., "elongases") and to uses thereof. At least two of these genes are also involved in the elongation of monounsaturated fatty acids. In particular, elongase is utilized in the conversion of gamma linolenic acid (GLA) to dihomogamma linolenic acid (DGLA) and in the conversion of AA to adrenic acid (ADA), or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to omega3-docosapentaenoic acid (DPA). DGLA may be utilized in the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), EPA, adrenic acid, omega6-docosapentaenoic acid or omega3-docosapentaenoic acid which may be added to pharmaceutical compositions, nutritional compositions, animal feeds, as well as other products such as cosmetics.

An object of the present invention is to provide a transformation system for Labyrinthulomycota that allows the elucidation of biosynthetic mechanisms of lipids such as PUFA and carotenoids as well as for the construction of a high production system and the design and development of novel functional lipid molecules by the control of the mechanisms. The present invention provides a vector for the transformation of Labyrinthulomycota with a transgene, which comprises at least (1) a nucleotide sequence which is homologous to a part of chromosomal DNA of Labyrinthulomycota and is capable of homologous recombination with the chromosomal DNA, (2) a selection marker gene having a promoter sequence located upstream and a terminator sequence located downstream, and (3) a cloning site for transgene insertion having a promoter sequence located upstream and a terminator sequence located downstream.

The invention relates generally to methods and compositions concerning desaturase enzymes that modulate the number and location of double bonds in long chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA's). In particular, the invention relates to methods and compositions for improving omega-3 fatty acid profiles in plant products and parts using desaturase enzymes and nucleic acids encoding for such enzymes. In particular embodiments, the desaturase enzymes are Primula Δ6-desaturases. Also provided are improved soybean oil compositions having SDA and a beneficial overall content of omega-3 fatty acids relative to omega-6 fatty acids.

The present invention relates to a Δ12 fatty acid desaturase able to catalyze the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid (LA; 18:2). Nucleic acid sequences encoding the desaturase, nucleic acid sequences that hybridize thereto, DNA constructs comprising the desaturase gene, and recombinant host microorganisms expressing increased levels of the desaturase are described. Methods of increasing production of specific ω-3 and/or ω-6 fatty acids are described by overexpression of the Δ12 fatty acid desaturase or by disruption of the native gene.

The present invention provides dietary formulations comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E. The present invention further provides methods of treating various conditions, generally involving administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of a subject dietary formulation.

A novel process for the selective elimination of fatty acid compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds in trans configuration from a substrate containing cis- and trans-isomers of said fatty acid compounds, by selective adsorption by a microporous zeolite material is disclosed. The pore size and shape of usable zeolite materials enable differentiation between cis- and trans-isomers of unsaturated fatty acid chains. The zeolite materials used have a selectivity ratio alphatrans/cis higher than 1.00; this ratio is defined based on the elution properties of cis and trans double bond containing fatty acid methylesters dissolved in n-hexane during a column chromatography experiment with the zeolite material as the stationary phase and n-hexane as the mobile phase. Besides selective adsorption of trans-unsaturated fatty acid compounds, simultaneous or subsequent total or partial hydrogenation of the double bonds in said compounds can be carried out while using the same or similar zeolite material, containing finely dispersed catalytic active metals. The majority of these catalytic active sites must be inside the pores.

A composition comprising a self-crosslinkable aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane polymer having pendant auto-oxidizable functional groups is disclosed, said composition obtainable by reacting: (a) an organic polyisocyanate; (b) an isocyanate reactive compound containing pendant fatty acid unsaturation; (c) an isocyanate reactive polymeric polyol containing neutralizable pendant carboxylic acid groups; and (d) a reactive diluent containing at least two polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. The obtained polyurethane dispersion is suitable for application in self-curing coating compositions.