The invention relates to a universal nano biological
vesicle preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out crude extraction
on cells from
bacteria, fungi, plants or animals to obtain a crude extracting solution; the crude extracting solution is placed in a low-temperature and high-pressure
homogenizer to be subjected to low-temperature and high-pressure homogenizing treatment, then the nano vesicles are obtained, the low-temperature and high-pressure
homogenizer comprises a high-pressure cavity, a homogenizing valve, a working cavity, a conveying
system and a
temperature control system, a slit is formed in the homogenizing valve, and the crude extracting solution located in the high-pressure cavity enters the working cavity through the slit of the homogenizing valve, the pressure intensity of the high-pressure cavity is 300-3000 bar, and the
working temperature of the high-pressure
homogenizer is 0-10 DEG C. The
activation energy is reduced by controlling high-pressure and low-temperature environments, so that the original
cell membrane structure is broken, the
cell wall structure is destroyed, and
phospholipid bimolecules are driven to aggregate and self-assemble to form the vesicles. For biological membranes derived from
bacteria, fungi, plants and animals, the vesicles can be prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention, and the method has universality.