34 results about "Terrestrial ecosystem" patented technology

The invention discloses an ecotype prefabricated building bock bank revetment. The upper part is built by dryly laying plant type cavity building blocks, and the lower part is built by dryly laying fish nest type cavity building blocks; the plant type cavity building blocks are built into a stepped bank revetment and are provided with top-to-bottom cavities; the cavities of the plant type cavity building blocks are filled with an earth material in which plants are planted; the fish nest type cavity building blocks are provided with run-through cavities in water flow direction and are provided with holes on the water side; the fish nest type cavity building blocks and the plant type cavity building blocks are made of water-permeable concrete or water-impermeable concrete; and when the cavity building blocks are made of the water-impermeable concrete, the back side is provided with water-permeable holes. The bank revetment has a certain structural strength, is resistant against scour and has a protection effect on the revetment; the cavity structure of the building block meets an ecological design principle and contributes to plant growth and small organism propagation; and the building blocks are water-permeable, are used for communicating an aquatic ecosystem with a land ecosystem and have a certain natural purification effect on water pollution.

The invention provides a regional terrestrial ecosystem respiratory monitoring method based on remote sensing. The monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining time series satellite remote sensing data within a region; S2, performing remote sensing retrieval to key parameters; S3, quantifying key physiological and ecological parameters of different vegetation forms based on land cover or land utilization data; S4, obtaining meteorological interpolation data of time series; S5, carrying out cloud removal to obtain vegetation growing season curve without noise impact; S6, determining the annual respiratory capacity of the regional terrestrial ecosystem. The method is based on the time series remote sensing data, considers spatial difference of the vegetation form, determines the ecosystem respiratory algorithm within the region, solves the problem that the regional terrestrial ecosystem respiratory monitoring only relies on meteorological data but is insufficient to express heterogeneous information of the land cover within large scale, improves the precision of regional scale ecosystem respiratory estimation, and accurately and quantitatively describes temporal dynamics of the respiration in different ecosystems.

The invention relates to a monitoring device for researching a relation between illumination and a soil carbon flux. The monitoring device comprises a base; a monitoring hole is formed in the middle part of the base; a lighttight cover body and a light-transmitting cover body are respectively hinged to positions, located on two sides of the monitoring hole, on the base; the lighttight cover body is driven by a first driving mechanism to do turning motion, so as to close or open the monitoring hole; the light-transmitting cover body is driven by a second driving mechanism to do turning motion,so as to close or open the monitoring hole; and interfaces for mounting monitoring sensors are respectively formed in the lighttight cover body and the light-transmitting cover body. The monitoring device disclosed by the invention can be used for monitoring soil respiration related parameters under a natural environment and can be also used for monitoring soil respiration related parameters undera dark environment; two groups of comparative data are acquired, so as to further research the relation between the illumination and the soil respiration favorably; and the monitoring device has an important significance for pushing the research on the carbon flux of a terrestrial ecosystem.

The invention provides a device for simulating the radionuclide wet deposition. The device comprises a rainfall artificial climate chamber, a contaminated water tank connected with the rainfall artificial climate chamber through a water distribution pipeline of a rainfall system, and an automatic control and monitoring system electrically connected with the rainfall artificial climate chamber; therainfall artificial climate chamber comprises a rainfall system, a temperature and humidity regulating system, a fresh air system, a light source system and a CO2 concentration regulating system, anda seedbed and experimental plants are placed at the bottom of the rainfall artificial climate chamber. The device simulates and studies the influence process of changes of meteorological factors including temperature, humidity, CO2, light and the like and the complex climatic conditions of plant sites for migration of nuclides in a terrestrial ecosystem.

The invention discloses a vegetation ecological quality index construction method based on vegetation NPP and coverage. The method includes: according to the climate adaptability principle of vegetation growth and the importance of ecological service functions, on the basis of calculating vegetation NPP and coverage, calculating an annual vegetation comprehensive ecological quality index of a local or concerned area by weighting the weight; calculating the ratio of the current-year vegetation NPP to the historical highest value; determining the weight of the vegetation NPP and the coverage inthe comprehensive ecological quality index; converting the current-year vegetation NPP is converted from gram carbon/square meter * year to a ratio of relative historical highest values, wherein the value is between 0 and 1; and matching the vegetation coverage with the numerical value of 0-1. The problem of comprehensively and quantitatively calculating the vegetation ecological quality is solved, the method is more objective and comprehensive compared with single use of vegetation NPP or coverage quantitative expression vegetation ecological conditions, the method is suitable for estimationof the vegetation ecological quality of the whole land ecological system, and important technical support is provided for monitoring and evaluating the vegetation ecological quality and developing ecological meteorological services.

The invention relates to an overground and underground synchronous carbon flux measuring experimental device comprising a monitoring device for studying the soil carbon flux and a transparent cylindrical body for cultivating plants. A partition plate is arranged at the middle part of the transparent cylindrical body and is used for separating a ground portion and a soil portion of the plant in twoseparate chambers. A liquid supply interface for providing a nutrient solution for the plant is further disposed on the side wall of the chamber for accommodating the soil portion of the plant. Through holes through which plants pass are formed in the partition plate. The two ends of the transparent cylindrical body are connected to monitoring holes of the monitoring device respectively. According to the invention, the overground and underground synchronous carbon flux measuring experimental device is used for monitoring parameters related to soil respiration below the surface as well as thecarbon flux variation parameters above the ground to obtain two groups of overground and underground monitoring data, thereby analyzing the soil respiration relationship. The overground and underground synchronous carbon flux measuring experimental device has the great significance in prompting the study on the carbon flux in the terrestrial ecosystem.

The present invention relates to an artificial wetland-biological regeneration integration enhancement denitrogenation and phosphorus removal treatment process. According to an ecology technology series connection process, plants are introduced into a sewage treatment system, and a multi-layer matrix is introduced to configure a biological adsorption layer to form a microorganism-plant-materialization effect integrated land ecosystem, wherein the system has a self-regulation mechanism and a comprehensive pollutant purification function, harmonization of rapid denitrogenation and phosphorus removal, and ecological purification is achieved, cost is low, and an eco-friendly characteristic is provided.

The invention discloses a research method of the biomass distribution characteristics of an emblic leafflower fruit bushwood ecosystem, and relates to the technical field of the biomass distribution research of the ecosystem. The research method comprises the following specific research steps: (1) selecting a proper research area; (2) setting sample plots; (3) processing samples indoor; (4) carrying out data analysis and modeling; (5) obtaining a result, and carrying out analysis on (a) the biomass distribution characteristics of emblic leafflower fruits, (b) different growth parameter characteristics of the emblic leafflower fruits, (c) the biomass distribution characteristics of the emblic leafflower fruits of different branch diameters, (d) the biomass distribution characteristics of the emblic leafflower fruits of different plant heights and (e) the biomass distribution characteristics of the emblic leafflower fruits of different crown breadth areas; and (6) obtaining a conclusion. The research method is of great significance for the understanding of emblic leafflower fruit bushwood in the aspects of the fixation, the consumption, the distribution, the accumulation and the conversion of the substances and the energy of a terrestrial ecosystem and nutrition accumulation of the system and also has a great value in accurately estimating a terrestrial ecosystem carbon pool and carbon exchange.

The invention provides a device and a method for simulating influence of fire disturbance of a surface land ecological system to underground water. The method comprises the following steps of collecting a plurality of soil samples of aridisol by a soil drilling method, and separating obtained undisturbed soil columns into surface layer soil and middle layer soil; after the fire disturbance on the surface layer soil is simulated by a laboratory, sequentially loading the surface layer soil and the middle layer soil into a leaching column according to the order of the undisturbed soil column; using prepared simulated rainwater as a leaching solution, leaching by a continuous flow falling type water intake method, and qualitatively and quantitatively surveying the fine components of the soil leaching water sample. The method has the advantages that the influence of the fire disturbance of the surface land ecological system to the underground water, especially submersible water, can be simulated by a miniature leaching device of the laboratory; the accuracy is higher, the operation is simple and convenient, the cost is low, the controllability is good, the risk to environment is low, the application range is wide, the pertinency is strong, and the method is favorable for evaluating the comprehensive ecological effect of the underground water after the fire disturbance in a fully new view.

The invention relates to a rocky hydro-fluctuation belt floating plate elegant greening method which is used for greening a rocky hydro-fluctuation belt which is periodically exposed out of peripheral submerged land due to seasonal water level fluctuating. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: digging a planting furrow above a high water level line of the rocky hydro-fluctuation belt, arranging an anchor rod, paving chain-type connected floating plates on the rocky surfaces of the rocky hydro-fluctuation belt to a low water level line, and planting large wooden vine plants in the planting furrow; pulling the growth direction of vines of the vine plants to the floating plates by virtue of a manual pulling method, and extending the vines towards the floating plates on the rocky hydro-fluctuation belt so as to ensure that the vines float and grow on the floating plates by depending on the floating plates and the floating plates move up and down constantly along with water level fluctuating of the hydro-fluctuation belt. The exposed rocky hydro-fluctuation belt is greened, favorable biological conjunction of an aquatic ecosystem and a terrestrial ecosystem is realized, inhabiting and proliferation environments for animals and plants such as snails, plankton and amphibians are provided, and the diversity of species in the rocky hydro-fluctuation belt is enriched.

The invention discloses an ecological protection red line delimiting method for a carbon sequestration function of a terrestrial ecosystem, and the method comprises the steps: selecting a typical terrestrial ecosystem as an evaluation object in a land area range of a research area; collecting data of the evaluation object related to the carbon sequestration function; constructing a land ecosystem carbon sequestration function importance evaluation index from three dimensions of carbon reserve, carbon sink and carbon sequestration potential, determining an index grading assignment standard, and dividing the evaluation index into a plurality of grades; evaluating the importance of carbon reserves, carbon sequestration and carbon sequestration potential of the terrestrial ecosystem, and respectively extracting pattern spots with the highest importance levels of the three; performing spatial superposition and combination to generate extremely important pattern spots with a comprehensive carbon sequestration function; and carrying out aggregation and converting into a vector range of the ecological protection red line. According to the method, the problem that the protection red line of the carbon sequestration function of the terrestrial ecosystem cannot be accurately delimited can be solved, and scientific and technological support is provided for expanding ecological protection red line delimitation, positively coping with global climate changes and achieving a carbon neutralization target.

The present invention is directed to acoustics and signal processing. More specifically, the present invention is directed to a system and methods by which whether and the time during which one or more subjects are present within a given area of a marine or terrestrial ecosystem, and other information regarding the subjects can be efficiently determined by the sounds that the subjects produce. Advantageously, certain embodiments of the present invention permit a user to select and rapidly produce one or more visual presentations of the signals of interest (SOI) recorded from the passive acoustic monitoring of a given area of an ecosystem in order to obtain additional information about the subjects.

For the shortcomings of a short observation time, a high observation error, a large long-term continuous manual observation workload and low efficiency of the plant community cover in the terrestrialecosystem, the present invention provides a plant cover technology capable of growing a long-term time sequence and with two weeks as time precision. The technology can be used to quantitatively describe changes in the plant community cover under climate change and human disturbance conditions. The technology comprises: using a soil analyzer and plant monitoring equipment to obtain soil particle sizes and plant parameters, and obtaining soil hydrological parameters by combining soil databases; and using a dynamic vegetation model to simulate the plant community cover, obtaining the measured plant cover through digital camera imaging, verifying simulation results and correcting the soil hydrological and vegetation parameters in the database. The technology and device have the characteristics of a low cost, high prediction accuracy and a wide application range, and have important indication significance for the plant dynamic research and biodiversity conservation of the terrestrial ecosystem.

The invention discloses a terrestrial ecological investigation method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The method comprises the steps: acquiring regional parameters of a current to-be-investigatedregion when a terrestrial ecological investigation instruction is received, and enabling the regional parameters to comprise habitat characteristic parameters and plant community growth parameters; switching an investigation mode of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the acquired regional parameters and starting an unmanned aerial vehicle, and monitoring regional information of the currentto-be-investigated region according to the switched investigation mode; and uploading the acquired regional information to a server to generate an investigation log of the to-be-investigated region. The invention further discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle and a storage medium. The terrestrial ecosystem is investigated through the unmanned aerial vehicle, different investigation modes are set according to regional types, statistics of regional information is performed according to one or more regional investigation parameters in the investigation modes to generate the regional information, field investigation of related operators is not needed, and the effect of real-time monitoring of the terrestrial ecosystem can be achieved.

An apparatus which is measuring the regularize blow-off CO₂ capacity of the terrestrial ecosystem is disclosed that comprises: transparent box, air supplying and metering equipment, concentration determination equipment of CO₂, data acquisition and control system, the density data of CO₂ which is input and output from the transparent box are acquired and calculated to gain the concentration difference via the concentration determination equipment of CO₂ by data acquisition and control system, the concentration difference is compared with the concentration difference set in system, the results control the air-flow that the air supplying and metering equipment supplies to the transparent box and acquire the air-flow data, the regularize blow-off CO₂ capacity of the terrestrial ecosystem can be calculated and stored based on the air-flow data acquired and the concentration difference, so the full-automatic dynamic continuous measurement of the regularize blow-off CO₂ capacity of the terrestrial ecosystem can be realized.