103 results about "Global climate" patented technology

Heating is a significant factor in residential gas-energy usage. Saving energy on heating is receiving increasing attention with rising energy prices and the Kyoto Protocol on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Energy awareness and energy efficiency hereby become important qualifications for human behavior and residential building codes, and become a factor in the evolution of the global climate. Here, we describe a novel measurement and validation system for domestic gas-energy usage in combination with primary weather data. We disclose a gas-energy observatory which visualizes human behavior in gas-energy consumption associated with domestic facilities, and measures home energy efficiency by calorimetry. Weather-sensitivity analysis quantifies energy-usage as a function of small variations in room temperature and home energy efficiency. Weather-sensitivity data can be used to calculate changes in room-temperature settings or improvements in home insulation for a desired reduction in CO₂-output. By public dissemination of its primary weather data, it creates in dual-use at no additional cost a novel in-situ climate observational systems with unprecedented wide-area coverage and spatial resolution.

An increasing level of carbon dioxide gas in the earth's atmosphere has been determined and is generally accepted by the scientific community. The human contribution to increases in the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been identified as a driving force of global climate change.

The impact of global climate change might be mitigated by means to reduce or stabilize the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

The invention provides a means for cleaning the atmosphere of carbon dioxide molecules by dissociation and refining the by-products into valuable fuels and other substances. It is taught that solar energy can be used to energize a photonic crystal producing the power and specific frequency required for localized excitation of CO2 molecules in a specific vibration mode and to the majority exclusion molecular structures comprising atmospheric gases sufficient to break covalent bonds of CO2, thereby producing reactant by-product that can be collected and refined into valuable substances and fuel.

The invention discloses a method drawing up a multi-goal reservoir optimization scheduling graph capable of being self-adaptive to climate change. The method for drawing up the multi-goal reservoir optimization scheduling graph comprises the steps of: step 1. establishing a coupling model of a global climate model (GCM) and a variable infiltration capacity (VIC) hydrological model so as to forecast a run-off process under a future climate change scene; step two. establishing a multi-goal reservoir optimization scheduling graph model; and step 3. taking the forecast run-off process data under the future climate change scene as the input of the optimization scheduling graph model, and drawing up the multi-goal optimization scheduling graph model by adapting a self-adaptive genetic algorithm. The method for drawing up the multi-goal reservoir optimization scheduling graph has the advantages of balancing the social economy goal and ecological goal of reservoir scheduling, improving the comprehensive benefits of reservoir scheduling to the maximum degree on the condition of ensuring the flood control safety of a reservoir and being capable of being self-adaptive to future climate change and being widely applied to the production practice of multi-goal reservoir optimization scheduling.

The invention relates to an energy-saving environmental-protection type abrasion resistant canned hydrocarbon refrigerant, which comprises propane and isobutane. The energy-saving environmentally-protective abrasion resistant canned hydrocarbon refrigerant is characterized in that the energy-saving environmentally-protective abrasion resistant canned hydrocarbon refrigerant further comprises low temperature refrigeration lubricating oil; the propane accounts for 54 to 65 percent; the isobutane accounts for 30 to 40 percent, and the low temperature refrigeration lubricating oil accounts for 3 to 8 percent. The hydrocarbon refrigerant is prepared by mixing mixed alkane with certain proportion and the low-temperature refrigeration lubricating oil in proper amount, thus effectively solving the problem of the prior hydrocarbon refrigerant that a compressor is abraded frequently and a cylinder bore is scuffed frequently due to the characteristics of being too dry and excellent oil solubility, The hydrocarbon refrigerant with mixed alkane disclosed by the invention belongs to natural working fluid, is free of fluorine without influence on warming-up of the global climate. Compared with R12 and R134a, the freezing point is lower; the latent heat of vaporization is larger; the specific energy of constant entropy compression is smaller so that the compressor works more easily. The flowing property is better; the delivery pressure is lower; the load of the compressor is lower; fuel consumption is reduced and the energy-saving rate can reach 10 percent to 20 percent when the air conditioners are running.

The invention discloses an expendable air-sea flux buoy which comprises a micro weather station, a temperature and moisture measuring instrument, a supporting rod, an instrument control cabin, a core pulling floating ball and a counterweight. A cabin body of the instrument control cabin is arranged in the core pulling floating ball. The micro weather station and the temperature and moisture measuring instrument are arranged on the supporting rod above the instrument control cabin. The bottom end of the instrument control cabin is connected with the counterweight through a connecting rod. The instrument control cabin is internally provided with a hydrologic module, a wave module and a measurement and control unit. The upper end face of the instrument control cabin is provided with a satellite antenna. The expendable air-sea flux buoy floats along with flow, collects the meteorological parameters at an air-sea interface and the hydrologic parameters of the sea surface, calculates the air-sea flux and provides a novel observation method for observation and research of multi-scale air-sea interaction. The expendable air-sea flux buoy and an existing observation method are used in a combined mode, the observation capacity of the air-sea flux in the global ocean range can be greatly improved, and important datum support is provided for ocean disaster prevention and reduction, ocean environment guarantee, global climate change research and the like.

The invention provides a method for herbaceous plants to cope with global climate change. The method comprises the steps of 1, with herbaceous plants being the main body, managing stony desertification and desertification, controlling coastal erosion and water and soil loss and preventing an earth ecological system from collapsing and breaking down; 2, planting the herbaceous plants in regions with the stony desertification, the desertification, the coastal erosion and the water and soil loss, fixing the surface soil layer, recovering or rebuilding vegetation and controlling emission of carbonin lithosphere to atmosphere and hydrosphere; 3, utilizing the characteristics that the fast-growing herbaceous plants are fast in growth and development, high in carbon capturing efficiency and hugein biomass, convert movable carbon in the atmosphere into fixed carbon, develop new climate economy, further promote the increase of the amount of the fixed carbon in the industries of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, side-line production and fishery and achieving a world zero carbon development mode. Ecological development is the best carbon emission reduction mode, and carbon dioxide isprecious wealth of the human. Respecting the nature, conforming to the nature, protecting the nature and guiding the nature solve the problem of ecology, environment, resources, economy and global climate warming.

A dynamic carbon and static carbon mutual conversion method includes: planting rank vegetations, and repeatedly cutting and storing to convert 'dynamic carbon' in the atmosphere into 'static carbon' in the biosphere; controlling biomass oxidation quantity to balance the total quantity of 'dynamic carbon' in the atmosphere; intervening soil wind erosion, rock weathering, monsoon circulation and ocean current distribution regularities to restrain 'static carbon' in the biosphere, the hydrosphere and the lithosphere from transferring into the atmosphere; increasing biomass in coastal wetlands, continental shelf shallow areas, rivers and lakes to promote 'static carbon' in the hydrosphere to transfer into the lithosphere; replacing fossil fuels with clean energy to reduce incremental quantityof 'dynamic carbon' in the atmosphere; developing new climate economy to increase bio-carbon products and increase storage of 'static carbon' in the biosphere; clearing 'dynamic carbon' in the atmosphere according to physical and chemical methods so as to regulate the greenhouse effect, eliminate dust haze, slow down global climate change speed and prolong survival time of human on the earth.

Methods and systems for generating a neural network (NN)-based climate forecasting model are disclosed. The methods and systems perform steps of generating a multi-model ensemble of global climate simulation data by combining simulation data from at least two global climate simulation models; pre-processing the multi-model ensemble of global climate simulation data, where the pre-processing comprises at least one action of spatial re-gridding, temporal homogenization, and data augmentation; training the NN-based climate forecasting model on the pre-processed multi-model ensemble of global climate simulation data; and validating the NN-based climate forecasting model using observational historical climate data. Embodiments of the present invention enable accurate climate forecasting without the need to run new dynamical global climate simulations on supercomputers. Also disclosed are benefits of the new methods, and alternative embodiments of implementation.

The invention discloses a global climate vector field data visualization method based on VR and a gesture interaction technology. The method comprises the steps that a 3D environment is set up, and a scene containing an earth and a cosmic background is designed; map data acquired from the Natural Earth is added to the designed earth, and then weather data is downloaded from a global forecasting system operated by the National Weather Service and is decoded; next, the data is subjected to wind direction quick reference and geostrophic wind approximate solving, vector wind is projected to the designed earth, and finite difference approximation is used for estimating distortion in an interpolation process; and last, interaction demands are designed, and various gestures are defined according to the demands. Through the method, global climate changes are simulated more realistically, the perceptibility and authenticity of a model and the data are enhanced, information details at a higher level are obtained, a user can truly feel a research object standing in front and can operate the research object through gestures, and therefore a visual spatial data visualization analysis environment is constructed.

Aquafeed, animal feed, and other food products, as well as nutritional and pharmaceutical compounds, chemicals and biomaterials are important commodities that can be produced at commercial scale by fermentation of microorganisms. The present invention provides a method for producing these valuable multi-carbon compounds from simple gas feedstocks, such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen, by cultivating a consortium of microbial cells specially selected for this purpose in an aqueous culture medium. In addition to exploiting inexpensive feedstocks, such as waste industrial gas for this cultivation, the platform described herein also provides the advantage of removing carbon dioxide and other waste gases from industrial emissions, which would otherwise contribute to global climate change. Furthermore, the cultivation of a microbial consortium can provide highly nutritious components to a feed blend that might not be available from a monoculture.

The invention discloses a sub-pixel drawing method based on vector boundaries. The method comprises the steps that the accurate vector boundaries of ground objects in a mixed pixel are extracted by utilizing component (end members) area vectors or abundance of the mixed pixel or an adjacent pixel, then the accurate vector boundaries are converted into grids (sub-pixels) of the specific enlarging scales, and then the sub-pixel drawing of a video is completed. The sub-pixel drawing method based on the vector boundaries has the advantages of being wide in practicability, high in calculation speed, high in simulation precision, and suitable for remote sensing data to carry out the geoscience information extraction and geoscience data mining work such as target extraction, territorial resources surveys, global climate changes, disaster monitoring and disaster situation assessment.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating influence of flood on social economy. On the basis of a land surface hydrological model, a global climate mode-land surface hydrological model couplingmodel is established by carrying out numerical experiments of flood process simulation under different production and confluence mechanisms and evaporation mechanisms on the basis of climate conditions simulated under different future temperature rise scenes estimated by a global climate mode, and the global flood process is simulated. According to the method, the space-time resolution of global flood process simulation is improved; possibility is provided for refined evaluation and management of global flood risks; moreover, the method fully considers the social and economic development conditions of different regions under different social and economic development paths while considering different production and confluence mechanisms and evaporation mechanisms in the flood simulation process, and the influence of the flood risk evaluated according to the social and economic development conditions on the social and economic in different regions and different time periods is more scientific and reasonable.

The invention relates to a method of collection and storage of wave energy and a pressure seawater scheduling system thereof, belonging to the field of hydropower, and particularly relates to a system for collection, transfer, scheduling and storage of wave energy, which can be continuously expansively connected in vast sea and land with waves as power and seawater as a continuous medium. In the system, floating force of waves and pressure of counterweight stones are respectively used by a plurality of floating bodies to press seawater sucked by piston cylinders of a plurality of structural concrete bodies at the bottom of the shallow sea into pipelines so as to be converged to form powerful resultant force of flow. After the system is completely filled, seawater is scheduled at the speed of light to seawater storage basins at any distance and any height for conventional hydroelectric power generation. By adopting the system, the motive power configuration for power production can be replaced in a large scale and thermal power plants and nuclear power plants can be eliminated; effects of sources of greenhouse gas emissions on the global climate can be eliminated fundamentally; and the excessive power capacity is conducive to development of industries with energy obtained via 'combustion' and high-speed energy conversion revolution can be implemented.

The invention discloses a tailing, alkali slag and ore slag cementing material stirring device and a preparation process. An industrial solid waste-alkali slag serves as a part exciting agent and a filler of a mineral cementing material for the first time; two solid wastes of iron tailings and the alkali slag are used for preparing the mineral cementing material; two industrial waste slag with high displacement is synthesized as a new cementing material; the new building material can partially replace Portland cement in civil infrastructure construction; and the solid wastes are recycled to reduce CO2 emission for restraining global climate change and to protect the energy. The alkali slag used in a cementing agent is alkali plant waste slag; and tailing sand is not classified, and single tailing is not limited, so that the application range is wide, the alkali slag and tailing accumulation and pollution problems are partially solved, and other industrial waste slag-ore slag and fly ash is resourcefully used to achieve more prominent environmental protecting effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth and analysis sampling and specifically relates to a sampling device for plant growth and tree ring analysis test. The sampling device comprises a drill bit, wherein the drill bit has a tubular structure with one end open; a zigzag blade is arranged at the front end, namely, the open end face, of the drill bit; an annular slot is formed in the inner wall of the drill bit and is close to the zigzag blade; a cutting tool is arranged in the annular slot; one end of the cutting tool is hinged with the annular slot; the cutting tool can swing toward the center of the drill bit or can be stored in the annular slot; when the cutting tool is stored in the annular slot, the nose of the cutting tool protrudes out of the inner wall of the drill bit, so as to form a barb-shaped structure; when the drill bit rotates forward, the cutting tool can be kept in the annular slot; when the drill bit rotates reversely, the cutting tool can be jacked up by a wooden core in the drill bit. According to the invention, a driving unit, such as a motor is used for driving the drill bit to forward and reversely rotate, when the drill bit rotates forward, the zigzag blade cuts the wooden core downward, and when the drill bit rotates reversely, the cutting tool pops up so as to cut off the wooden core, so that the sampling of the wooden core of a tree can be efficiently completed and research related to tree rings and response to global climate change can be performed.

The invention discloses a design flood derivation method and system based on equal reliability in a climatic change scene. The invention belongs to the field of reservoir flood control safety design.A future climate change scene is obtained based on global climate mode output and a two-stage deviation correction method considering meteorological variable correlation; a VIC distributed hydrological model is driven to obtain a runoff situation considering the influence of climate change; a principal component analysis method is adopted to preferably select an extreme rainfall index influencingflood characteristics as a covariable; a time-varying hydrological frequency analysis model is constructed by considering inconsistency of a flood sequence, a flood design value combination under a climatic change scene is deduced based on an equal reliability method, a most possible value is adopted as a final design value, and a 95% confidence interval is selected to estimate uncertainty of thefinal design value. According to the method, the influence of climate change on flood characteristics can be fully considered, and an important reference basis with high operability can be provided for deducing adaptive design flood in a climate change scene.

A method for balancing CO2 and CO2 equivalent materials in atmosphere is used for enabling CO2 and the CO2 equivalent materials in the atmosphere to keep dynamic balance through human intervention, thereby regulating the greenhouse effect and global climate change. The method adopts the following ways: (1) the energy efficiency of fuel is improved, energy is saved and carbon emission is reduced through scientific and technological innovation and equipment upgrading; (2) water and soil are used reasonably, and transformation of the water and the soil from carbon source to carbon sink is promoted; (3) plant carbon sink is increased by planting, clipping, processing and storing fast-growing carbon sink grass; (4) with adoption of the photosynthesis-based industrialized technology, the transformation speed of CO2 in the atmosphere into organic carbon compounds is increased; (5) the carbon cycle period is changed, and the decomposition speed and the decomposition amount of a photosynthetic product are controlled; (6) carbon sink product types are increased, and the quantity of carbon sink products is regulated; (7) carbon sink potential of deserts is developed; (8) the CO2 equivalent materials in the atmosphere are collected, transformed and used, and content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is reduced.

Provided is a definition method of herbaceous plants for handling global climate changes. The method is used for screening out the herbaceous plants which are high in carbon sequestration efficiency and have a high economic value, controlling stony desertification and desertification, reducing beach erosion and water and soil loss, increasing the total carbon storage amount and total biomass amount of an earth ecological system, developing new climate economy and achieving a zero-carbon development pattern. The method includes the steps of (1), determining a definition range and selecting theherbaceous plants suitable for development of agriculture, forestry, husbandry, by-products and fishery within the definition range; (2), determining each biological index of the herbaceous plants which are high in carbon sequestration efficiency and capable of governing stony desertification, desertification, beach erosion and water and soil loss; (3), randomly selecting 10 colonies and determining excellent plants in the colonies; (4), determining a coverage degree of the excellent plants in the colonies and conducting primary classification according to the indexes in step (2); (5), determining the biomass and propagation capability of the excellent plants in the selected colonies and conducting secondary classification according to the indexes in step (2); (6), completing definition when the accuracy rate is greater than 90%.