52 results about "Atmospheric chemistry" patented technology

The invention discloses a satellite-ground comprehensive monitoring quantitative remote sensing fusion processing method for atmospheric particulate matters. The method mainly comprises the following steps: a, analyzing types or components of dust-haze aerosol particulates; b, on the basis of dust-haze aerosol particulate feature observation data of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and prior knowledge, improving a remote sensing inversion model, acquiring dust-haze optical thickness inversion near-ground PM2.5 concentration distribution; c, combining the dust-haze optical thickness inversion near-ground PM2.5 concentration distribution, pollutant ground observation data, climate and environment auxiliary information and dust-haze aerosol particulate type or component analysis to form comprehensive ground dust-haze data; d, combining the comprehensive ground dust-haze data in the step c with atmospheric chemical or air quality modes and satellite remote sensing and ground observation multi-source data, and achieving short-term forecasting of dust-haze pollution distribution. The satellite-ground comprehensive monitoring quantitative remote sensing fusion processing method for the atmospheric particulate matters, which is disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that acquired dust-haze data are relatively precise and high in reliability.

System for modifying the chemical composition of atmosphere within an enclosed space and incubator system including such a system. The concentration of oxygen within the enclosed space may be either increased or decreased using an electrochemical device. The concentration of carbon dioxide within the enclosed space may be increased using an electrochemical or chemical device. As necessary, purging of the system with ambient air can be a part of the process of controlling the chemical composition of the atmosphere. The present invention obviates the need to use pressurized gas cylinders to supply atmospheric gases to the enclosed space.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring and relates to an atmospheric pollution tracing system. The system comprises an emission source input module used for inputtingemission data, an initialization module used for setting the initial concentration of pollutants, an atmospheric chemistry module used for simulating a chemical process in an air mass movement process according to the input emission data, an atmospheric physical module used for inputting meteorological parameters and simulating a physical process in the air mass movement process according to themeteorological parameters, and a result output module used for outputting the concentration of the pollutants and the rate of the atmospheric chemical reaction process, quantifying the contribution ofregion transmission and local generation to the O3 concentration of a target region, and quantifying the contribution of different chemical processes to the O3 concentration of the target region. According to the system, atmospheric physical and chemical processes are comprehensively considered, the evolution of the pollutant concentration and the chemical reaction rate of gas mass in the movement process in the space-time scale is restored, a discharge area causing ozone pollution in the target area is accurately located, a precursor and a discharge department are optimally controlled, and scientific support is provided for formulating the control measures of the ozone pollution in the target area.

The invention provides an aerosol foundation data-based AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) vertical correction effect evaluation method and system. The method comprises the steps of estimating a near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient and inverting the near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient based on observation data of a foundation visibility meter; inverting AOD based on observation data of a foundation sum photometer; inverting the near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient based on the visibility meter; performing vertical correction on the AOD based on a laser radar observation method or an atmospheric chemistry mode simulation method, and estimating the near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient according to a vertical correction result; and evaluating the effect and applicability of an AOD vertical correction method by comparing the difference between the estimated near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient with the inverted near-surface aerosol extinction coefficient. According to the method and the system, the errors caused by direct use of a satellite for AOD inversion and the evaluation uncertainty caused by a scale effect and the like can be avoided, so that the difficult problems in effect evaluation and applicability selection among various AOD vertical correction methods and various data sources are solved.

The invention discloses an on-line parameter identification method for jumping type reentry of a lunar spacecraft. The on-line parameter identification method comprises the steps of obtaining on-line estimation values of an atmospheric density scaling factor and a lift-drag ratio scaling factor through a low-pass filter at a primary reentry descending branch, executing track forecasting, correcting the deflection of a drop point, and constructing a fitting function relation between the atmospheric density scaling factor and the height; obtaining an atmospheric density scaling factor at a primary reentry ascending branch and in the initial stage of a secondary reentry branch via a constructed fitting function, estimating a lift-drag ratio scaling factor of the lunar spacecraft on line, executing track forecasting, and correcting the deflection of the drop point; estimating an atmospheric density scaling factor and a lift-drag ratio scaling factor in the later stage of the secondary reentry branch, executing track forecasting, and correcting the deflection of the drop point. According to the on-line parameter identification method, the robustness and the precision of a guidance algorithm are improved; the adaptability to a real atmosphere model is high.

The present disclosure provides for systems and methods for producing carbon nanotubes. More particularly, the present disclosure provides for improved systems and methods for producing single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using a carbon source in the presence of a catalyst. In exemplary embodiments, the present disclosure provides for improved systems and methods for producing single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using carbon monoxide (CO) disproportionation in the presence of a catalyst composition on a catalyst support material. In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides for systems and methods for producing single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using carbon monoxide (CO) disproportionation with CO pressure from about 0.20 atm to about 1.0 atm in the presence of a cobalt/molybdenum catalyst composition on a magnesium oxide catalyst support.

The invention relates to a drought disastrous situation monitoring and emergency processing method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The method comprises the specific steps that (1) air temperature and air humidity are monitored in real time through the unmanned aerial vehicle and a microwave sounder placed on the unmanned aerial vehicle; (2) the amount of precipitation within a period of time in an area in the step (1) is monitored through a ground rain gauge; (3) by the combination of the monitored data, cruising is carried out on the area, where the preliminary drought phenomenon appears, in a low-altitude mode through the unmanned aerial vehicle, and images are obtained; (4) emergency processing is carried out on the area, where the preliminary drought phenomenon appears, in the step (3) through the unmanned aerial vehicle; by the adoption of the technical scheme, according to the drought disastrous situation monitoring and emergency processing method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the atmospheric humidity is monitored in real time through the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the monitoring of the atmospheric humidity is combined with measurement of the amount of precipitation, so that the climatic trend inside the area where the drought phenomenon is likely to occur is judged, and then the drought phenomenon which is likely to occur is found earlier.

The invention provides a short-time atmosphere model modification method based on measured atmospheric density. The method comprises the following steps: selecting an atmosphere density model, and collecting and calculating measured atmospheric density in a set duration; respectively performing linear fitting on the density value of the atmosphere model and the measured density value so as to obtain a measured atmospheric density fitted curve and a model density fitted curve; calculating an included angle between the measured atmospheric density fitted curve and the model density fitted curve; and rotating the model density fitted curve point by point, thereby obtaining a time value t' after rotation and a selected atmosphere model density value after rotation. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the measured atmospheric density value is introduced into orbit calculation, and the spacecraft orbit forecast accuracy is well improved.

The invention relates to a supercontinuum light source-based atmospheric multi-component laser occultation detection device. A supercontinuum laser source is utilized to generate mid-infrared supercontinuum laser signals capable of covering a plurality of atmospheric component characteristic absorption lines, and the concentration of various gas components in the atmosphere is measured with an occultation laser detection and heterodyne receiving mode; the device includes a power stabilization circuit, a supercontinuum laser light source, a first beam splitter, an energy monitoring module, an optical transmitting antenna, an optical receiving antenna, an optical fiber switch, a second beam splitter, a frequency control circuit, a local oscillation laser array, a combiner array, a photodetector array, a radio frequency receiver array, a lock-in amplifier array, and a data processing module. The device has broad application prospects in global climate and environmental change field, atmospheric chemistry field and the like.

The invention discloses a mid-scale atmospheric photochemistry pollution simulation and prediction algorithm with added methane chemistry changes. Based on a CALGRID chemistry mode, influences of atmospheric chemistry reaction, atmosphere conveying and diffusing, settling, a ground surface source and an elevation discharging source are considered, and an OH free radical and CH4 are used as variables on the basis; natural source discharging of methane is considered, a chemical reaction of the OH free radical and the methane (CH4) is introduced, and the concentration changes of the OH free radical and the CH4 are calculated according to a chemical reaction list of the OH free radical and CH4. In the algorithm, an air quality mode is utilized for simulating the space-time distribution of theOH free radical and the CH4, in this way, the atmosphere oxidation capacity of a simulated region is easily learned about, and details of the photochemical reaction are easily and deeply learned about.

The invention discloses an air pollution simulation prediction algorithm for adding liquid phase chemical and wet deposition processes. According to the algorithm, based on a chemical mode of CALGRID,on the premise that the atmospheric chemistry reaction, atmospheric transport and diffusion, sedimentation and influence of a ground surface source and an overhead emission source are considered, pollutant concentration change items caused by the liquid phase chemical and wet deposition process continue to be introduced, and CALGRID in the cloud and rain chemical process is added; common primarypollutants such as SO2, NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 and common secondary pollutants such as sulfate, nitrate, ammonium salt, black carbon and organic carbon are well simulated, and the wet deposition amount of S and N is also well simulated. The improved CALGRID mode has high resolution and high timeliness, a response relation between a source and a receptor can be conveniently and quickly given, and theresult is reliable.

The invention relates to a double-optical-comb atmospheric component detection device based on transmitting and receiving separation of a high-orbit satellite platform. The device comprises an opticalcomb I, a beam splitter I, an energy monitoring module I, a collimation module I, an optical transmitting telescope, a pointing control module I, a pointing control module II, an optical receiving telescope, a collimation module II, an optical comb II, a beam splitter II, an energy monitoring module II, a collimation module III, a beam combiner, a photoelectric detector module, a radio frequencyanalysis module and a data acquisition and analysis module. According to the invention, a double-optical-comb mode with separated receiving and transmitting is adopted, and the frequency comb teeth ofthe optical comb are fixed at intervals, so that the requirement on the frequency stability of the light source is greatly reduced, and the frequency difference can be flexibly adjusted by adjustingthe optical comb on the ground as required. Column concentration high-precision continuous measurement of specific atmospheric components (such as greenhouse gas or pollution gas) in a plurality of site areas at daytime and at night can be realized, and the device has a wide application prospect in the fields of regional climate research, environmental monitoring, atmospheric chemistry research and the like.

The invention provides an ozone source analysis method and device based on observation data. The method comprises the steps: acquiring meteorological field data and pollutant observation data of a target area in a preset time period; performing abnormal value elimination processing and missing value restoration processing on the pollutant observation data; determining a plurality of precursor concentration combination scenes according to the meteorological field data and the processed pollutant observation data; and identifying precursor pollutants which play a leading role in the generation of ozone according to the plurality of precursor concentration combination scenes. The quality of pollutant observation data is strictly controlled, and the time continuity of the pollutant observationdata is guaranteed. Ozone generation is simulated through an atmospheric chemical box mode, chemical reactions are considered more comprehensively, the calculation speed is high, and calculation resources are saved. The precursor pollutants playing a leading role can be rapidly recognized, the optimal control proportion of each precursor is quantitatively calculated, the control strategy of the precursors can be conveniently determined, and data support is provided for ozone control.

The invention relates to a gaseous pollutant concentration column conversion method and device and belongs to the technical field of environmental pollution monitoring. The method herein comprises: acquiring four-dimensional lattice data prediction results of physical quantity through model prediction, screening the four-dimensional lattice data prediction results to obtain preset gaseous pollutant concentration four-dimensional lattice prediction results, acquiring preset gaseous pollutant concentration text files of preset layers through processing of a meteorological plotting system according to the preset gaseous pollutant concentration four-dimensional lattice prediction results, converting model layer data into column concentrations according to a sum method by using the layerwise text files as an input field so as to obtain tropospheric ozone column concentrations. The model ozone concentrations can be converted into tropospheric ozone column concentrations by converting; the ozone concentrations are decreased from four dimensions to three dimensions; physical significance of the ozone column concentrations is further clarified; tropospheric ozone concentrations in an atmospheric chemical model can be predicted more efficiently; application effect in scientific research and business units in environmental protection and meteorological industries can be improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and device for determining the pollutant discharge amount of a coal-fired power plant, relates to the field of atmospheric pollution monitoring and control, and can determine the optimal discharge amount of pollutants of the coal-fired power plant in combination with meteorological data, topographic data and the concentration condition of PM2.5. The method comprises the steps: acquiring pollutant emission parameters of a coal-fired power plant and meteorological data and topographic data of a preset region; updating a pre-stored pollutant emission source list according to the pollutant emission parameters; calculating an atmospheric PM2.5 concentration simulation value of the preset region according to the pollutant emission source list, the meteorological data and the topographic data and an atmospheric chemical transmission model; judging whether the atmospheric PM2.5 concentration analog value is greater than a preset concentration value or not; when it is determined that the atmospheric PM2.5 concentration simulation value is larger than a preset concentration value, updating the pollutant discharge amount according to a presetrule; when it is determined that the atmospheric PM2.5 concentration simulation value is smaller than or equal to the preset concentration value, outputting the pollutant discharge amount.

The invention relates to a terahertz self-feedback system for the detection of atmospheric high-risk chemicals. The system includes: a detection device, a mechanical adjustment device, a processor and a mobile carrying device. species and concentration information; the mechanical adjustment device is used to adjust the position of the detection device; the processor is used to process the type and concentration information of atmospheric high-risk chemicals detected by the detection device and control the mechanical adjustment device and the mobile carrying device, the mobile carrying device is used to carry the high-atmospheric high-risk chemical system to move in space; one end of the mechanical adjustment device is connected to the carrying device, and the other end is connected to the detection device. device connection. The self-feedback system has high adjustability of detection position, high purpose of detection space coordinates, and low repetition rate.

The invention discloses a sulfur dioxide emission source optimization method based on mode initial field assimilation, and belongs to the field of atmospheric pollution numerical simulation, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, obtaining sulfur dioxide ground observation data, meteorological observation data, meteorological reanalysis grid point data and an emission source counted by abottom-to-top method; 2, assimilating the sulfur dioxide ground observation data based on an atmospheric chemical mode and a three-dimensional variational (3Dvar) assimilation method to obtain an optimal sulfur dioxide concentration field and a sulfur dioxide prediction error; and 3, converting the sulfur dioxide prediction error into a sulfur dioxide emission source error so as to obtain an optimal sulfur dioxide emission source, and verifying the optimal sulfur dioxide emission source.

The invention discloses a method for extracting atmospheric density based on a SWARM-C satellite. Accelerometer data and GPS orbit data of the SAWRM-C satellite are obtained and then subjected to resampling and coordinate conversion; then a peak signal and a step signal in the accelerometer data are then removed; the accelerometer data are calibrated after data check is finished, deviation coefficient, proportional coefficient, and temperature coefficient in a calibration formula are estimated by a generalized least square method to obtain calibrated accelerometer data; then illuminating radiation pressure of a satellite received on an operating orbit of the satellite is subjected to modeling, and the acceleration caused by the illuminating radiation pressure is calculated, and the calibrated accelerometer data subtracts acceleration caused by the illuminating radiation pressure to obtain atmospheric drag acceleration; and in the end a product of damping coefficient of satellite operating in the orbit of the satellite and the effective area is calculated, and atmospheric density near the satellite orbit is calculated based on the atmospheric drag acceleration and the product of thedamping coefficient and the effective area.

The invention discloses a mesoscale atmospheric photochemistry pollution simulation and prediction algorithm for increasing methane chemokinesis. Based on a CALGRID chemical mode, the influences of atmospheric chemical reactions, atmospheric transportation and dispersion, settling, ground surface sources and elevated emission sources are considered, the average quantity of the physical quantity inoriginal concentration of chemical species is decomposed into the pulsating quantity, on this basis, OH free radicals and CH4 serve as variables, a chemical reaction of the OH free radicals and methane (CH4) is introduced, and the concentration change of the OH free radicals and CH4 is calculated according to a chemical reaction list of the OH free radicals and CH4. By means of the mesoscale atmospheric photochemistry pollution simulation and prediction algorithm for increasing the methane chemokinesis, an air quality mode is utilized to simulate spatial and temporal distribution of the OH free radicals and CH4, which is beneficial to knowing of the atmospheric oxidation capability of a simulation area and deep knowing of details of a photochemical reaction.

The invention provides an atmospheric pollution area joint prevention and joint control degree policy assessment method, which comprises an assessment method based on a bottom-up model, and the assessment method based on the bottom-up model comprises the following steps: A1, based on a bottom-up emission list accounting method, calculating the change of an activity level or an emission factor after policy measures are implemented; calculating the change of pollutant emission reduction; and A2, determining a coupling atmospheric chemical transmission model according to the change of the activity level or the emission factor in the step A1, wherein the coupling atmospheric chemical transmission model is used for simulating the change of the air pollutant concentration or the air quality improvement effect caused by policy implementation. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the atmospheric pollution area joint prevention and joint control degree policy assessment method of the assessment model solves the following problems: the regional joint law enforcement system is not implemented in place, the cross-regional cooperation mechanism is relatively loose, and the cross-regional long-acting compensation mechanism is not established.