204 results about "Atmospheric radiation" patented technology

The invention discloses a satellite-borne remote sensor radiation calibration method based on atmospheric parameter remote sensing retrieval. The method includes nine steps. A surface reflectance is obtained through ground synchronous actual measurement during satellite crossing or historical data, imaging time and observation geometry parameters are obtained through remote sensing data head files, atmospheric parameters during imaging of synchronous crossing meteorological satellite sensors or related load retrieval remote sensors are utilized, the entrance pupil radiance of the remote sensors is calculated by an atmospheric radiation transmission model according to retrieval results of the atmospheric parameters, a calibration coefficient is calculated through a radiation calibration model, and thereby the on-orbit radiation calibration for a satellite-borne remote sensor is achieved. The satellite-borne remote sensor radiation calibration method based on the atmospheric parameter remote sensing retrieval is a pixel-level calibration method and has the advantages that the accuracy is high, the costs are low, simultaneously, the high frequency calibration can be achieved, historical remote sensing data can be calibrated, and the method has a wide application prospect to remote sensing data processing methods and application technical fields.

A method for inverting optical thickness of boundary layer aerosol includes picking up boundary layer aerosol optical thickness data from atmosphere transmission spectrum by utilizing transmission and radiation principle of atmosphere, obtaining expression reflectivity by carrying out reinterpolation for atmosphere and aerosol modes in boundary layer, thus realizing inversion of calculation for boundary layer aerosol optical thickness . The atmospheric calibration can be carried out based on result calculated out by above method.

The invention discloses a cross radiometric calibration method of a hyper-spectral sensor based on a multi-spectral sensor. The method is used for solving the cross radiometric calibration problem of the hyper-spectral sensor without a matched reference hyper-spectral image. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting cloudless hyper-spectral image data; selecting a multi-spectral reference image according to the hyper-spectral data; selecting a uniform ground object on the image as an interesting region; performing geometric precise correction of the two images; calculating entrance pupil radiances of various types of wave bands of the two sensors by using an atmospheric radiation transmission model; solving spectrum matching factors of various types of corresponding wave bands according to a certain rule; solving the entrance pupil radiances of the various types of wave bands of the hyper-spectral sensor by using the spectrum matching factors and the multi-spectral data; and linearly fitting pixel DN (Digital Number) values in the interesting region of the hyper-spectral image to be calibrated and the radiances of corresponding pixels of the multi-spectral reference image after being corrected through the spectrum matching factors to obtain calibration coefficients of the various types of wave bands of the hyper-spectral sensor. The method has the advantages of good stability, high reliability, high precision and the like.

The invention relates to a method for inverting surface temperature and emissivity from remote sensing data ASTER, comprising three steps: step one: a training and testing database is established by utilizing that an atmospherical radiation transmission simulating software carries out positive simulation aiming at the areas and seasons of the 11th, 12th, 13th and 15th thermal infrared wave bands of the obtained thermal sensing data ASTER and an atmospherical model; step two: a neural network is utilized for carrying out repeated training and test to a training and testing data set; step three: inversion calculation is carried out to the ASTER actual image data, and actual earth surface verification and application analysis are carried out. The products obtained by the method have high precision, especially when the surrounding atmospherical changes greatly.

The invention discloses a high-resolution remote sensing data atmospheric correction method comprising the following steps of: S1, obtaining related information from data element information; S2, calculating the apparent reflectance of the typical land surface; S3, obtaining a mask of the typical land surface; S4, building an AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) inversion correction lookup table by utilizing an atmospheric radiation transmission model; S5, calculating the AOD of the typical land surface; S6, obtaining a land surface classification chart; S7, forming the AOD of an whole image through a spatial expansion method; and S8, executing atmospheric correction on the high-resolution remote sensing data according to the AOD of the whole image and the atmospheric correction lookup table to get the land surface reflectance of the high-resolution remote sensing data. In the method, the high-resolution satellite remote sensing data is used for obtaining the AOD of the whole image, the accuracy and usability of the atmospheric correction are improved, and automation of the whole flow from AOD to atmospheric correction is realized.

The invention relates to a method for estimating the temperature of near-surface air near from MODIS data, which can be used for remote sensing application departments, i.e. weather, environmental monitoring, land management, agricultural monitoring, disaster monitoring, and the like. The method comprises three steps: step1: utilizing the near-surface temperature and the emission rate of each pixel of a MODIS data product and the water vapour content value of atmosphere as priori knowledge and input parameters of atmosphere radiation transmission module simulation software MODTRAN4, carrying out forward direction simulation in different areas and seasons aiming at a 29th thermal infrared band, a 31st thermal infrared band and a 32nd thermal infrared band of each pixel of the obtained remote sensing data MODIS and establishing a training and testing database; step2: utilizing a neural network to repeatedly training and testing a training and testing dataset; step3: carrying out back calculation for practical image data of the MODIS to obtain the temperature distribution condition of the air near the earth's surface of an objective area of the earth's surface. The method can be usedfor weather prognosis, the environmental monitoring, the agricultural monitoring, the disaster monitoring, and the like.

The invention provides an atmosphere profile inversion method based on a foundation hyperspectral microwave radiometer, and belongs to the technical field of microwave remote sensing. The atmosphere profile inversion method based on the foundation hyperspectral microwave radiometer comprises the following steps of setting system parameters of the foundation hyperspectral microwave radiometer, acquiring background parameters and background field errors, establishing a radiation transfer model, determining atmospheric radiation transmission brightness temperature, and inverting an atmosphere profile by using the iterative process of a variational method. Through the utilization of the atmosphere profile inversion method based on the foundation hyperspectral microwave radiometer, the accurately inverted atmosphere profile can be obtained through the foundation hyperspectral microwave radiometer, and the atmosphere profile inversion method is especially suitable for multi-channel radiometers and detection situations of insufficient prior data, enables a large amount of frequency band information provided by the foundation hyperspectral microwave radiometer to be used completely, and has strong adaptability and small detection errors.

The invention provides a microwave high spectrum radiometer. A rotatable platform is used to adjust a rotation angle of a microwave reflector device to change working wave beam directing of a receiving antenna device to realize measuring of atmospheric radiation spectrum. Incident microwave energy is reflected in the receiving antenna device through the microwave reflector device, and directing of the antenna wave beam is changed by rotating the microwave reflector device by 360 degrees. Elevation of the antenna wave beam can be accurately measured by an elevation positioner, and when a computer or a remote computer issues a series of observation instructions of the microwave radiometer, the rotatable platform device instructs the microwave reflector device to rotate to a specified elevation and an azimuth. A microwave high spectrum digital processing and control device enables a microwave high spectrum receiver device to be arranged into a needed passage, simultaneously orders the microwave high spectrum receiver device to start to observe the sky, and then transmits observed data to the computer or the remote computer to be inverted into meteorological parameter curves.

The invention relates to a bionic polarization/inertial/atmospheric data integrated navigation system. The system consists of a navigation sensor, a solving module, an interface circuit, a microprocessor, a storage module and a power supply module. The sensor is composed of a biomimetic polarization sensor, an inertial measurement unit and an atmospheric data system. Specifically, the bionic polarization sensor includes an optical camera, a motor, a polarizing device and other components, and the atmospheric data system is composed of a pitot-static sensor, a pitot-static pipeline and a totaltemperature circuit. The work flow includes that: the sensor module collects the polarized light information, atmospheric static pressure, full pressure and other data in the atmospheric environment,and transmits the data to the solving module, and the processor determines whether the sensor works reliably, selects a working mode, and works out the course angle, true airspeed, height and other information for compensation correction of the attitude and speed of the navigation system, and stores and outputs navigation parameters. The integrated navigation system provided by the invention has the advantages of flexible navigation mode, strong autonomy, small volume and the like, and has interference suppression, fault detection and system reconstruction functions.

The invention provides a method and a system for conducting remote infrared temperature measurement on coal pile surfaces. The method comprises steps of 1.1 photographing an infrared radiance image of a coal pile to be measured; 1.2 calculating reflected intensity, atmosphere radiance and atmospheric transmittance of the coal pile to be measured at the photographing moment; 1.3 removing reflection components and atmospheric radiation components of the coal pile to be measured from the infrared radiance image in accordance with results of the step 1.2 and obtaining an infrared radiance image after weather effect removal; 1.4 determining emissivity data of the coal pile to be measured at the photographing moment; and 1.5 determining the surface temperature of the coal pile in accordance with the emissivity data and the infrared radiance image after weather effect removal. By the aid of the method, the accuracy of coal pile temperature measurement is improved.

The invention relates to a superglacial moraine covering type glacier identification method based on optical and thermal infrared remote sensing images, and belongs to the field of remote sensing geoscience application. According to the method, the thermal infrared wave band and the optical wave band of Landsat TM/ETM and remote sensing images are utilized, the data of a DEM (dynamic effect model) and the like is combined for carrying out identification on the superglacial moraine covering type glacier, firstly, the topical wave band of the TM/ETM images is subjected to atmosphere radiation correction and topography radiation correction, the thermal infrared wave band is used for carrying out ground surface temperature inversion, in addition, the normalization is carried out, then, the illumination region and the shade region are distinguished, and finally, a maximum likelihood method is utilized for respectively classifying the illumination region and the shade region of the images to obtain the types of ice, superglacial moraine covering type glacier, ice and rock debris mixed regions, shade, rock and the like. Compared with a traditional method, the superglacial moraine covering type glacier identification has the advantages that the thermal infrared waveband is introduced, the identification on the superglacial moraine covering type glacier is more accurate and efficient, and the results obtained by adopting the method provided by the invention are more reasonable in the aspect of data space resolution ratio resampling.

The invention discloses a real-time telemetry system and a real-time telemetry method of greenhouse gas column concentration. The real-time telemetry system comprises a fixed station building and a sun follower, wherein the station building is provided with an automatic sunroof; the sun follower is installed on a fixed platform in the station building and used for receiving sunlight from the sunroof, thereby automatically following the sun; emergent light of the sun follower passes through a sample tank to enter an infrared spectrometer, and an output end of the infrared spectrometer is connected with a computer; a micro weather station and a wireless data transmission antenna are installed outside the station building and connected to the corresponding input end of the computer; measured spectra and numerical simulation calculated spectra based on an atmospheric radiation transmission model are obtained simultaneously; and the greenhouse gas column concentration of various kinds is obtained in real time by using a nonlinear least-squares iteration method. According to the real-time telemetry system and the real-time telemetry method, the defects of the greenhouse gas three-dimensional high space-time resolution measurement technology are overcome, calibration data can be provided for airborne and satellite telemetry, and local long-term greenhouse gas observation results can be provided.

The invention discloses an on-track space camera gain regulating method, which relates to an on-track gain regulating method of a space camera for earth observation, and aims to the solve the problems that at present, a space camera adopts a fixed gain so as to lead to overall dimming of part of images, poor image gradation, low signal to noise ratio and the like. The regulating method comprises the following steps of: before a spacecraft is launched, acquiring a gain factor corresponding to the maximal digital quantification output value of images under maximal radiance through laboratory radiometric calibration; after the spacecraft is launched, simulating the track of the spacecraft with high accuracy, and outputting the solar altitude of sub-satellite points at different shooting time; converting the solar altitude into the solar zenith angle, thereby obtaining the radiance of an entrance pupil part by an MODTRAN atmospheric radiation transfer tool when the space camera forms images of a ground feature corresponding to the maximal object reflectivity at different time; calculating gain factors of the space camera at different shooting time; combining the code values corresponding to the gain factors obtained through calculation with the shooting time into a program control instruction, and sending the program control instruction from a ground measurement and control station to the spacecraft to execute through a measurement and control antenna.

The invention discloses a shadow extraction method facing ecological environment parameter remote sensing inversion. The method comprises the following steps of performing radiometric calibration andatmospheric radiation correction on an original remote sensing image to obtain a remote sensing image result map; calculating a vegetation index, and calculating a shadow index according to the obtained vegetation index so as to obtain a shadow index information space distribution map; performing enhanced algorithm treatment of an image on the remote sensing image result map, and collecting the picture element sample of a shadow as a sample area at random; statistically calculating cumulative frequency and statistical variable, which change from small to big, of a shadow index number value corresponding to the sample area, and setting up the range of a threshold; according to the obtained range of the threshold, making and extracting a two-value mask pattern of shadow information, enablingthe made two-value mask pattern and the remote sensing image result map to be subjected to space superposition, and performing wave band product calculation to quickly extract an accurate space distribution map of shadow information in a remote sensing image. The shadow extraction method is simple and flexible in operational process and easy to popularize and apply, and improves the accuracy of ecological environment parameter information remote sensing inversion.

The invention discloses a method for inverting the urban atmospheric aerosol optical depth on the basis of MODIS data. The method includes the steps (1), a mathematical model is established according to a 6S atmospheric radiation transmission equation, the volume ratio concentration of four basic aerosols including the dust aerosol, the water-soluble aerosol, the maritime aerosol and the soot aerosol is calculated, and customized aerosol types are obtained; (2), according to the relation among the surface reflectance of a 2.1-micrometer channel, the surface reflectance of a red channel and the surface reflectance of a blue channel in the MODIS data, an estimated value of the surface reflectance of the red channel and an estimated value of the surface reflectance of the blue channel are obtained; (3), an aerosol optical depth lookup table of the red channel and an aerosol optical depth lookup table of the blue channel are built respectively according to the 6S atmospheric radiation transmission equation and the aerosol types in the step (1); (4) spline interpolation is carried out on data in the lookup tables three times, the aerosol optical depth under the appointed surface reflectance is obtained, and inversion of the atmospheric aerosol optical depth is finished. The method for inverting the urban atmospheric aerosol optical depth is easy to implement, high in inversion accuracy and capable of being effectively used for urban aerosol monitoring.

Disclosed is a hyperspectral-imager index optimization method based on remote-sensing application. Firstly, a hyperspectral data application objective is determined and according to the application objective and load design index requirements, hyperspectral load performance index parameters and design index parameters are preset; then an atmospheric radiation transmission model is used to perform hyperspectral signal simulation before pupil entrance of a remote sensing load; then according to a push-broom hyperspectral imaging principle, a hyperspectral imaging simulation model is established so that imaging simulation of the hyperspectral load at a space dimension and a spectral dimension is realized and hyperspectral imaging data and hyperspectral load performance index parameter values are obtained and a hyperspectral data processing method is used to obtain an application result and the relation between an application effect index and a load performance index is established; and at last, an optimization index is determined through a least square method. The hyperspectral-imager index optimization method based on the remote-sensing application introduces a remote-sensing application index into a load index optimization design and considers hyperspectral load index optimization from an application angle so that a reliable and effective means is provided to hyperspectral load design and hyperspectral data application performance evaluation.

The invention discloses a remote-sensing image pixel-by-pixel atmospheric correction method based on a 6S atmospheric radiation transmission software package online calculation. The method comprises the steps that a 6S online parallel computing look-up table is utilized, the look-up table for different aerosol optical thicknesses of a remote-sensing image under different imaging geometry and atmospheric modes is generated, aerosol distribution data is obtained onteh basis of the look-up table, a look-up table of atmospheric correction coefficients is generated, and pixel-by-pixel atmospheric correction is conducted on the basis of the look-up table. Accordingly, the problems that for a traditional method of building the look-up table offline, the application range is limited, the table building amount is large, and pixel-by-pixel multi-dimensional interpolation is complex are solved, and high stability and applicability are achieved for high-resolution remote-sensing image atmosphericcorrection obtained by the Gaofen-4 geosynchronous satellites any time all day.

The invention provides the Changjiang River drainage basin information extracting and spatial coding method which comprises the following steps of (1), performing high resolution remote sensing image atmosphere correction based on an atmosphere radiation transmission model; (2), performing high resolution remote sensing image geographical correction based on a rational function model; (3), performing high resolution remote sensing image data embedding processing based on a Snake model; (4), performing high resolution remote sensing image data fusion processing based on wavelet transformation; (5), performing extraction based on object-oriented water body time-space information; and (6), performing water body information spatial coding based on a hierarchical classification method. The Changjiang River drainage basin information extracting and spatial coding method has advantages of 1), effectively realizing real-time monitoring and management for water environment and resource of the Changjiang River drainage basin; 2), supplying a scientific basis for the Changjiang River economic band development strategy, area ecology environment protection and planning; and 3), realizing suitability for spatial extraction and management of water body information in other drainage basins.

The invention discloses an automatic terahertz atmosphere characteristic measuring system and a calibration method thereof; the system comprises a calibration signal source, a calibration device, a terahertz spectrometer and a system control device; the calibration signal source is a double-temperature calibration signal source based on nature ambient temperature, i.e., a passive work mode can effectively simplify the calibration device and improve the system calibration precision, thus ensuring the system to carry out long term consistent unmanned works; the terahertz spectrometer is a dual-frequency band overlapping ultra wide band MPI type terahertz Fourier spectrometer, and employs a two-port input and two-port output mode; a black body calibration signal source or an atmosphere radiation signal source and a built in reference blackbody signal source are inputted so as to form interference fringes under an interferometer effect; the interference fringes are outputted to two detectors with different detection frequency band ranges yet overlapping on the low frequency band; the two detectors respectively singly receive and output interference fringe electric signals, and the signals are corrected, accumulated and averaged in a frequency domain, thus improving the overlapping frequency band observation calibration data signal to noise ratio.

A spectral correction method of imaging spectrum reflectivity data comprises the following steps: 1, reading in the spectrum data; 2, normalizing a reflection spectrum; 3, calculating a correction coefficient; and 4, correcting the data. The method can be used for correcting the imaging spectrum reflectivity data generated after the spectral reconstruction by utilizing an atmospheric radiative transfer model in order to reduce the error and reduce the information extraction leakage rate. The method has a practical value and a wide application prospect in the hyperspectral remote-sensing mineral identification field.

The invention relates to a multi-channel microwave radiation measuring device. The multi-channel microwave radiation measuring device is characterized by comprising an antenna portion adapted to the K frequency band and the V frequency band, a receiving device and a microwave black body radiation source, wherein the receiving device and the microwave black body radiation source are connected with the K frequency band and the V frequency band. A feed source of the K frequency band of the antenna portion and a feed source of the V frequency band of the antenna portion are connected with a K frequency band receiver and a V frequency band receiver, and the output end of the K frequency band receiver and the output end of the V frequency band receiver are connected with a controlling unit. The two receivers share the same local oscillator. The microwave black body radiation source comprises a normal-temperature black body radiation source and a liquid nitrogen refrigeration black body radiation source, the normal-temperature black body radiation source and the liquid nitrogen refrigeration black body radiation source are arranged symmetrically about a rotary shaft of the reflective face of an antenna, and the pyramids of black bodies respectively face the rotary shaft. The multi-channel microwave radiation measuring device has the advantages of being capable of working under the condition of unattended operation for a long time, having the capability of continuously detecting the intensity spectrum of atmospheric radiation at a sensitive frequency band, and being capable of being used for continuous real-time monitoring on the atmospheric humidity and temperature profile.

A method for inversing surface temperature and emissivity from a remote sensing MODIS data comprises the steps of forward simulating by utilizing an atmospheric radiation transferring simulation software MODTRAN4 aiming at the atmospheric model, the region and the season of the 29th, 31st and 32nd thermal infrared bands of the received remote sensing MODIS data to create a training and testing database, retraining and retesting the training and testing database by using a neural network, back calculating an actual MODIS image data, verifying the actual ground surface and analyzing the application. The surface temperature and the emissivity received by the invention have the advantages of high precision, wide application range and simple operation.