The invention discloses an efficient high-pressure liquid air energy storage/release system, which comprises an energy storage subsystem and an energy release subsystem; in the energy storage subsystem, a low-pressure compressor set (1'), a high-pressure compressor set (1), a cold accumulator (2), a low-temperature heat exchanger (3), a high-pressure low-temperature storage tank (4), a low-temperature expansion machine set (6) and a low-temperature heat exchanger (3) are communicated in sequence; a driving unit (9) drives the high-pressure compressor set (1), and the low-temperature expansion machine set (6) drives the low-pressure compressor set (1'); the energy release subsystem comprises a self-pressurization unit (5) and an acting unit; and the high-pressure and low-temperature storage tank (4), the cold accumulator (2), a heat accumulator/heat exchanger (7) and a main expansion machine set (8) are connected in sequence, and the main expansion machine set (8) drives a power generator (24). The energy storage system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high energy density, high efficiency, no power consumption in the power generation stage, suitability for various power stations, no greenhouse gas generation, capability of recovering intermediate-temperature and low-temperature waste heat and the like.