72 results about "Surface wind speed" patented technology

Apparatus and methods for rapidly detecting, localizing, imaging, and quantifying leaks of natural gas and other hydrocarbon and greenhouse gases. Scanning sensors, scan patterns, and data processing algorithms enable monitoring a site to rapidly detect, localize, image, and quantify amounts and rates of hydrocarbon leaks. Multispectral short-wave infrared detectors sense non-thermal infrared radiation from natural solar or artificial illumination sources by differential absorption spectroscopy. A multispectral sensor is scanned to envelop an area of interest, detect the presence and location of a leak, and raster scan the area around the leak to create an image of the leak. The resulting absorption image related to differential spectral optical depth is color mapped to render the degree of gas absorption across the scene. Analysis of this optical depth image, with factors including known inline pressures and / or surface wind speed measurements, enable estimation of the leak rate, i.e., emission mass flux of gas.

Apparatus and methods for rapidly detecting, localizing, imaging, and quantifying leaks of natural gas and other hydrocarbon and greenhouse gases. Scanning sensors, scan patterns, and data processing algorithms enable monitoring a site to rapidly detect, localize, image, and quantify amounts and rates of hydrocarbon leaks. Multispectral short-wave infrared detectors sense non-thermal infrared radiation from natural solar or artificial illumination sources by differential absorption spectroscopy. A multispectral sensor is scanned to envelop an area of interest, detect the presence and location of a leak, and raster scan the area around the leak to create an image of the leak. The resulting absorption image related to differential spectral optical depth is color mapped to render the degree of gas absorption across the scene. Analysis of this optical depth image, with factors including known inline pressures and / or surface wind speed measurements, enable estimation of the leak rate, i.e., emission mass flux of gas.

The invention discloses a snow-ice melting method based on carbon-glass fiber composite woven nets, which belongs to the field of transportation and disaster prevention. The method is characterized in that a thermal insulating layer, a heat conducting layer, a carbon-glass fiber composite woven net subjected to electric insulation and sand sticking treatment, and another heat conducting layer are laid in turn on a base layer of a to-be-heated body; a temperature measurement element is buried in a surface layer of the to-be-heated body; a carbon fiber bundle heating element is connected to a controllable power source with protection function in a series parallel connection mode by use of electric conducting silver colloid and a conductor; and according to surface layer temperature of the to-be-heated body, surface wind speed, the thickness of snow cover and ice, air temperature and the expected time for melting snow and ice, a digital PID temperature control system optimizes and adjusts the control parameters of the system and regulates heating power. The method has the advantages of high construction speed, uniform fast heating, stable performance, long life span, low cost and the like, plays a role in preventing cracking and reinforcing, and is an ideal snow-ice melting method for pavement, bridges and other facilities.

The invention discloses a novel probe for measuring structure surface wind speed in a wind tunnel test. The novel probe comprises a hollow cylinder shell and a long pressure-obtaining tube bent for 90 degrees. The upper end and the lower end of the cylinder shell are respectively provided with a circular upper end plate and a circular lower end plate which seal hollow openings of the cylinder shell. The centers of the upper end plate and the lower end plate are provided with central holes. Acquisition holes are evenly arranged on the edge of the upper end plate along the concentric circle of the upper end plate. The lower end of the cylinder shell is provided with a cylinder in a close clinging way. The side wall of the cylinder shell is transversely provided with a short pressure-obtaining tube directly passing through the hollow part of the cylinder shell. One side of the long pressure-obtaining tube is arranged in the central holes of the upper end plate and the lower end plate in a vertical penetrating way, and the other side transversely penetrates and extends out of the side wall of the cylinder. The novel probe is small in size, low in cost and easy to process, and a defect that the long pressure-obtaining tube is easy to slant after being touched due to the fact that the suspension arm at one end of the long pressure-obtaining tube is over-length is overcome so that the measured wind speed is ensured to be non-directional, and thus real wind speed of direction of an incoming flow can be accurately measured.

The invention provides a method for comprehensive treatment of a moving dune through top sealing, slope fixing and side locking. The method comprises top sealing, slope fixing and side locking of the moving dune. Top sealing is to cover the top of the moving dune with a covering net, so that the original morphological characteristics of the top of the moving dune are protected; the overall wind speed of the moving dune is lowered; the moving rate of the moving dun is reduced. Slope fixing is carried out by adopting a sand fixing box for fixing the slope of the moving dune, so that sand burial and wind erosion can be effectively prevented; the wind speed of the earth surface is lowered; crust formation and plant growth are facilitated; recovery of an ecological system of the slope of the moving dune is promoted. Side locking is to arrange three sand blocking fences on the field among hills, so that the sand source is intercepted; the frequency that slop fixing measures and the field among the hills are buried by sand is reduced; the wind speed of the field among hills is lowered; the ecological system of the field among the hills is protected. According to the top sealing, slope fixing and side locking modes provided by the invention, a wind-sand moving is effectively prevented; the moving dune is fixed; sand damage is treated fundamentally; the ecology is protected; the method is sustainable; large-area popularization and application are easy to achieve.

The invention discloses a potential evapotranspiration estimation method considering underlying surface condition change. The method comprises the following steps: collecting pixel scale data of a research site or region; calculating the maximum blade stomatal conductance through the atmospheric CO2 concentration; combining the maximum leaf stomatal conductance with the leaf area index to calculate vegetation canopy conductance; calculating aerodynamic conductivity according to the near-surface wind speed and the canopy height; calculating vegetation available energy and bare soil available energy according to the available energy; and adding the vegetation potential transpiration amount and the bare soil potential transpiration amount to calculate the surface evapotranspiration amount. The method gets rid of hypothesis constraints of underlying surface conditions and vegetation canopy stomatal conductance invariance, and overcomes the applicability problem that an existing potential evapotranspiration algorithm is only suitable for limited surface coverage vegetation types; thus, a mathematical relation between the leaf maximum pore conductance and the atmospheric CO2 concentration under different ground cover vegetation types are established, and the process that the dynamic change of the atmospheric CO2 concentration affects the canopy pore conductance and potential evapotranspiration can be described reasonably.

The invention discloses a composite sand fixation model, and a preparation method and applications of same. In the method, fiber filaments are spray-spread on a field and a microbial-fixation solution is sprayed on the surface of the fiber filaments, so that the microbial-fixation solution is hardened on the surface layer of and inside sand; and with the fiber filaments, a rib reinforcing structure is formed. The structure overcomes the defects that a conventional microbial sand fixation method is high in brittleness of surface layer, is poor in durability and is liable to cause wind erosion, and the problems that a conventional geotechnical fiber mesh sand fixation method is high in cost and labor intensity consumption. When the fiber filaments are spray-spread, surface roughness of sand is improved and wind speed on ground surface is reduced, so that movement of sand is effectively inhibited or reduced and anti-wind erosion property is improved. Sand, which is reinforced by means of the composite sand fixation model, in a desert area is improved in bearing performance and tensile strength and compressive strength, wherein anti-deformation capability of soil body is improved and brittleness is weakened.

The invention relates to an ecological utilization method of Mongolian plateau grassland snow-driving wind, and relates to the combined construction of a mechanical wind barrier and a plant wind barrier; the method includes the steps of site selection, spatial distribution, mechanical wind barrier setting and plant wind barrier construction. The method has the advantages that the surface wind speed can be decreased, the winter transit snow-driving wind can be effectively intercepted, the soil moisture evapotranspiration is reduced, the local soil moisture condition is improved, a shrub-grass combined ecological system with higher vegetation productivity is formed, and the grassland vegetation productivity is improved; the sand-driving wind and the seed wind can be intercepted effectively,the loss of grassland materials is prevented, a suitable local small environment is formed, a wind-snow shelter and a feed are provided for winter herds, the regional desertification control capacitycan be improved, and the method is an important method for turning the harmful snow-driving wind into good.