156 results about "Aeolian processes" patented technology

The invention discloses a desert control method of a chemical sand-fixing greening technology based on organic composite materials, and the desert control method is characterized in that hydrophilic polyurethane resin curing agent solution is sprayed on a sand or soil layer of greening objects for sowing the vegetation for forming a porous fixed sand layer. The fixed sand layer formed by the method has appropriate thickness and strength, good durability, good anti-freeze and melt properties and functions of water retention, thermal insulation, ventilation, vegetation and the like. According to the method of the invention, the stable and effective solidifying can be carried out on sand even under the specific desert environments of no abundant groundwater sources and strong wind erosion, and the purpose of vegetation greening can be also realized. The method has large-scale construction properties and good economic performances, thereby being applicable to the needs of large-scale chemical sand fixing and vegetation greening of the vast desert and realizing the plant greening function and the ecological restoration and the control of desertified land.

The invention relates to a movable and portable wind erosion tunnel. A tunnel body consists of a power section, an expansion section, a shrinking section, experimental sections, a pressure expanding opening and matched instruments. All sections of the tunnel are connected with each other through flanges which are integrally bent. Sealing strips are stuck at flange joints. The tunnel can be conveniently used for determining all kinds of wind erosion parameters of a field original ground surface. The movable and portable wind erosion tunnel is characterized in that: 1) a free vortex air flow and a stable-flow air flow field can be generated; 2) all kinds of wind force similar to natural climate can be generated; 3) the tunnel is durable, safe and reliable; and 4) the tunnel is convenient tomove and is easy to disassemble and assemble. The movable and portable wind erosion tunnel is suitable for carrying out all kinds of experimental observations in aspects of field wind and sand flow starting, wind speed and pressure, sand transport, erosion, model flow field and wind and snow flow, and researches in micro aspects such as grain speed, concentration, energy distribution and the like. Basic experimental equipment is provided for field ground surface wind erosion in-situ experiments, wind-blown snow experiments and researches on wind and sand movement rules under special environments (such as Qinghai-Tibet Plateau high-cold low-pressure environment and the like) in China.

The present invention discloses one kind of large grain coating agent for aerial seeding. The large grain coating agent consists of starch, attapulgite clay, plant cellulose, high hydroscopicity resin and fine sandy soil, and contains also fertilizer, plant hormone and trace elements. The present invention makes the aerial seed possess high germination rate and good late stage growth in condition of 10 mm rainfall. The large grain coated seed can be buried into sand under the action of wind, so that the present invention provides large area aerial seeding in harsh condition with technological support.

The invention relates to the field of ecological engineering and in particular relates to a method for rapidly planting vegetation in saline-alkali bare land. The method comprises the steps of harrowing, building a furrow, taking aeolian sandy soil or farmland soil, mixing the aeolian sandy soil with saline-alkali soil, then mixing with seeds of perennial plants, dibbling the seeds into the furrow, and then covering, and finally carrying out pulled-type rolling. The method disclosed by the invention provides a safe site for seed germination, seedling settlement, growth and propagation of the perennial plants, and the perennial plants can quickly grow on the saline-alkali bare land in salinized and alkalized grassland. Thus, the method disclosed by the invention can rapidly increase covering power of vegetation on the grassland, reduce harm of wind erosion and water erosion in the saline-alkali bare land to adjacent grassland and farmland and protect and improve ecological environment; meanwhile, a large area of saline-alkali bare land can be utilized, high-quality forage grass is provided for development of animal husbandry, and higher ecological, economic and social benefits are produced. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that operation is easy, efficiency is high, cost is low, is sustainable and easy to popularize, and the like.

A dynamic carbon and static carbon mutual conversion method includes: planting rank vegetations, and repeatedly cutting and storing to convert 'dynamic carbon' in the atmosphere into 'static carbon' in the biosphere; controlling biomass oxidation quantity to balance the total quantity of 'dynamic carbon' in the atmosphere; intervening soil wind erosion, rock weathering, monsoon circulation and ocean current distribution regularities to restrain 'static carbon' in the biosphere, the hydrosphere and the lithosphere from transferring into the atmosphere; increasing biomass in coastal wetlands, continental shelf shallow areas, rivers and lakes to promote 'static carbon' in the hydrosphere to transfer into the lithosphere; replacing fossil fuels with clean energy to reduce incremental quantityof 'dynamic carbon' in the atmosphere; developing new climate economy to increase bio-carbon products and increase storage of 'static carbon' in the biosphere; clearing 'dynamic carbon' in the atmosphere according to physical and chemical methods so as to regulate the greenhouse effect, eliminate dust haze, slow down global climate change speed and prolong survival time of human on the earth.

The invention provides a long-term monitoring method for a wind-blown sand flow of a near surface. A device used in the method consists of an over-ground part and an underground sand storage device, wherein the over-ground part consists of a sand mining device serving as a sand mining machine, a wind-driven steering device and a ground protection ring; and the underground sand storage device consists of a fixed outer barrel and a sand collection box. By the method, the sand mining machine can be driven by wind power to rotate, so that a sand inlet is opposite to wind direction all the time, the transported sand in a range of the same wind direction can be collected in the same sand accumulation box, distortion of observation data caused by wind erosion around the sand mining machine can also be prevented, and a large sand storage space can ensure long-term continuous observation. The method is suitable for long-term fixed point observation of wind-blown sand flow under an outdoor unattended condition, so that outdoor working strength of an observer can be relieved.

A composite material for ecological construction consists of organic polymer, organic biological active material, organic refuse, nutrients for plant growth and slow-release and soil conditioning material. It can be used in semiarid region and desertification soil. It can improve plant growth environment, resist wind and water erosion. It is also cheap and non-toxic.

The invention discloses a ridging, mulching and rain collecting planting method for alfalfa in dry-farming areas. The ridging, mulching and rain collecting planting method for alfalfa in dry-farming areas comprises the following steps of improved variety selection, wherein a drought-resisting and saline-alkaline-tolerant variety and a high-yield variety suitable for the local land are selected; seed processing, wherein after the seeds are cleaned and impurities are removed, the seeds are aired for 1-2 days in the sunlight; planting soil preparation, wherein the soil is prepared in a fine mode, weeds are removed, the soil is ploughed as deep as 25-30 cm until the soil has no obvious clods and is loose upwards and solid downwards; base fertilizer application, wherein phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer or organic fertilizer serves as the base fertilizer, and a little nitrogenous fertilizer is applied; sowing in proper time, wherein the alfalfa in dry-farming areas of the northwest of Shanxi province is suitable for being sown in the first twenty days of April, but the sowing of the alfalfa needs to accord with the local conditions so that the seedlings can emerge in order. The ridging, mulching and rain collecting planting method for alfalfa in dry-farming areas is a drought-resisting, moisture-increasing and yield-increasing technology integrating ridging, precise sowing in lines, mulching and agricultural water-saving flow collection, can obviously reduce water evaporation caused by wind erosion as the ridging planting method is adopted, improves low temperature, and improves the emergence rate of seedlings and the biological yield of alfalfa in the first year.

The invention relates to a phytoremediation technology for soil contaminated by heavy metal, in particular to a method for remediating soil contaminated by cadmium through the heavy metal enriching plant of dandelion. The method for remediating the soil contaminated by heavy metal through the heavy metal enriching plant of dandelion comprises the following steps: dandelion is implanted in the soil containing the cadmium pollutant; a great amount of cadmium in the contaminated oil is absorbed by the root system of dandelion and is transferred to the organs of the above-ground part of dandelion; and the plant grows to have the above-ground part with maximal biomass, the organs of the above-ground part of the plant are removed from the contaminated soil, thereby realizing the aim of removing the cadmium pollutant in the soil. The technology controls the soil contaminated by cadmium through the heavy metal enriching plant of dandelion, and has the advantages of low cost, strong operability, no damage on the physicochemical property of the soil, no induction of secondary pollution, good effects on preventing the wind and water erosion of the contaminated soil, and the like.

The invention discloses a composite desertification control method which comprises mixedly sowing annual herb tree species and perennial shrub species in the floating sand lands. In the invention, by mixedly sowing herb and shrub species in the floating sand lands, when the annual herbs wither to death, the overground deadwood and the underground root systems can retain for around 1 to 2 years and have good windbreak and sand-fixing effects, thus providing plant sand barriers for the shrubs which grow slowly and ensuring that the shrubs can grow rapidly in the second year. The composite sand consolidation structure featuring difference in growth time can effectively control soil drifting and desertification and soil erosion, reduce cost and improve desertification control efficiency dramatically.

The invention discloses a soil wind erosion measuring method. The method comprises the following steps: determining a circular measuring area and selecting a plurality of measuring points on circumference; respectively distributing one sand collection device of which opening faces the circle center and one sand collecting device of which opening is far away from the circle center on both sides of the measuring points along the circumference direction and respectively collecting wind erosion matters leaving and going into the measuring area; calculating sand transport fluxes Qin and Qout going into and leaving the measuring area, wherein the different value of the Qin and Qout is the single width sand transport rate Q of the measuring area, and the single width sand transport rate Q is substituted into a formula of A=Q*2pir/pir<2> to obtain soil wind erosion amount. According to the soil wind erosion measuring method, the wind direction in the same wind erosion incident does not need to keep stable, change of sand transport amount along with length does not need to be calculated, non-erosion boundary does not need to be defined, the applicability is increased, the calculating method is simplified, and the measuring accuracy is improved simultaneously. The invention also discloses a soil wind erosion measuring device. The soil wind erosion measuring device is high in accuracy.

The invention discloses a corn near stubble minimal tillage drought resisting planting method and particularly relates to a corn near stubble minimal tillage drought resisting planting method applicable in northern semiarid areas with sand wind, which is a corn protective tillage method. The corn near stubble minimal tillage drought resisting planting method comprises: keeping 20 to 30 centimeter stubbles when the corn is harvested in the fall in a previous year, wherein the stubbles are not turned; digging an 18 to 20 centimeter deep fertilizing furrow in a ditch between each two ridges by using a furrow plow or an opener, and applying urea and water-retaining agent in the furrows according to ratios of 380 to 450 kg per hm<2> and 30 kg per hm<2> respectively; and sowing corns in the furrows directly and near the stubbles row by row, making the sowing furrows between the fertilizing furrows and the stubbles left in the previous year, applying diammonium phosphate and a ternary compound fertilizer as seed fertilizers at the same time according to a ratio of 150 kg per hm<2>, performing field management, and harvesting corns in fall, wherein 20 to 30 centimeter high stubbles are left and not turned. The planting method of the invention can reduce soil wind erosion, protect environment and improve the drought-resisting and stable-yielding performance of crops.

The invention relates to a method for repairing geocells and side slopes. Each geocell comprises at least two bent earth stripes which stick to each other, wherein at least two rows of through holes are formed in the middle part of each soil stripe; joints of the soil stripes stick to one another to form a fixed hole perpendicular to the ground; an anchor rod nailed into the soil is arranged in the fixed hole; binding holes perpendicular to the soil stripes are formed in the soil stripes on two sides of the anchor rod; solder wires used for foxing the soil strips and the anchor are formed in the binding holes. By virtue of the geocells, root systems of plants can be effectively communicated with one another among the geocells; all independent geocells are combined to be a whole body by the root systems, so that a good reinforcing function is achieved; furthermore, the connection manner of the soil strips is changed, so that the geocells are fixed by the anchor rod; by virtue of the cooperation of the geocells and an improved construction method, the problem of side slopes formed due to soil wind erosion caused by insufficient vegetation coverage or dry grass periods can be solved.

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a weather-proof peanut film-covering seeder. The front end of a front frame (1) is fixedly provided with two fertilizer opener disks (36) through fertilizer opener fixing clamps (31); the upper end of a fertilizer apparatus (34) is connected with a fertilizer box (4); land wheels (3) are arranged on the front of the front frame (1); the rear end of the front frame (1) is provided with a film pressing roller (6) and seed opener disks (3) through a film pressing roller frame (37); two sides of the front end of a rear frame (2) are provided with film pressing wheels (7) through a film pressing wheel frame (38); the rear end of the rear frame (2) is provided with two covering disks (13); the rear end head of the rear frame (2) is provided with two press wheels (15); a soil stabilizer drum (17) is arranged above the right of the rear frame (2); seed boxes (8) are arranged on the upper middle part of the rear frame (2); seeding units (9) are arranged on the front parts of the seed boxes (8); and the lower side of a puncher frame (42) is connected with a puncher gearbox (10). The weather-proof peanut film-covering seeder can apply a fertilizer and cover a film while seeding, soil is stabilized by a soil stabilizer after earth covers the film and the stabilized soil can resist heavy wind in spring.

The invention provides a fiber-reinforced controllable cracking structure covering for ecological construction in a drought region. The fiber-reinforced controllable cracking structure covering is formed by mixing the following substances of fibers, a bonding agent and ecological filler, wherein the ratio of the weight parts of the bonding agent to the weight parts of the ecological filler from which water is removed is (1-10):100; the ratio of the total weight parts of the bonding agent and the ecological filler from which water is removed to the weight parts of the fibers is (5-20):1; the water content of the ecological filler is 35-99 percent; the thickness of the fiber-reinforced controllable cracking structure covering is 2-20cm; the thickness of the fiber-reinforced controllable cracking structure covering after being naturally dried is 0.5-10cm. The fiber-reinforced controllable cracking structure covering provided by the invention has the advantages that the evaporation speed of water in soil is reduced, gases are freely exchanged, the growth of microorganism is facilitated, the roughness of a sand surface is increased, the corrosion resistance and biodegradation are realized, the large-scale mechanical operation can be realized, and the like.

The invention discloses a soil wind erosion measuring device. Tracks are arranged on two long edges of a rectangular support; a ventilating duct of which the longitudinal section is in a shape of a 'horn' is erected on the tracks; a ventage of the ventilating duct is an air outlet, and the air outlet is downwards and forms an included angle of between 10 and 30 degrees with the ground; axial flow fans are arranged in the ventilating duct side by side; idler wheels matched with the support tracks are arranged on both sides of the ventilating duct; a rocking handle is arranged on a driving shaft; the rocking handle is shaken, so that the ventilating duct makes parallel movement forwards along the support tracks; a sand table is arranged in the front of the ventilating duct below the support; a wind erosion object receiver is arranged in the front of the sand table; and when the ventilating duct moves forwards, strong air currents blown from the air outlet of the ventilating duct blow wind erosion objects such as sand and dust in the sand table to move forwards, so that the wind erosion objects falls into the wind erosion object receiver. The device can simulate the wind-blown sand movement of different underlying surfaces indoors, and can measure the wind-erosion amount and sand detention amount under the conditions of different underlying surfaces through on-site operation in the open air. The soil wind erosion measuring device has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and convenient operation and carrying.

The present invention relates to a movable scrub-grassland field test wind tunnel device. The wind tunnel device is composed of a power section 1, a power section 2, a first test section 3, a second test section 4, a sand feeding device 5, a swing mechanism 6 and a pedestal support frame. Through adoption of a peripheral enclosed-type structure, the movable scrub-grassland field test wind tunnel device solve the problem that a traditional U-shaped structure causes an uniform air-flow flow field, simulate natural wind in various states such as direct flow wind, whirlwind, inclination wind and complex wind with various combination and complete the whole plant salix shrub field blowing test, may perform repeated tests, and provides a lot of real and efficient data for scientific research.

The invention relates to a soil wind-erosion testing system and an evaluation method thereof. The testing system comprises a desk type electronic scale, a wind erosion device, an illumination device and a simulated rainfall device. The wind erosion device consists of a soil sample plate, a support, a support pedestal, a fan, a wind erosion object recoverer, and a moveable windshield. The illumination device includes a lamp tube, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller. And the simulated rainfall device includes a rainfall sprayer, a water pipe, a rainfall controller, and a water pump. The evaluation method includes the following steps of testing system assembling, testing soil sample placing, first-time testing experiment making, influencing condition implementation, wind erosion performance evaluation, and testing system cleaning. According to the invention, precision of soil wind-erosion performance testing is high; assembling is convenient and operation is simple and reliable; and the anti-wind erosion performance of the soil can be evaluated rapidly and effectively.

The invention provides a wind and sand prevention method of young fruit trees by interplanting crops. The wind and sand prevention method comprises the following steps: planting the young fruit tree seedlings in lines; controlling a line direction to be nearly vertical to the local predominant wind direction; planting low-straw crops such as wheat and soybean on the foundation of the young fruit tree seedlings; and planting high-straw crops such as corn, broomcorn and sunflower between every two fruit tree lines. The method is capable of reducing the surface wind speed well, protecting the land from wind erosion and increasing the survival rate and the growth speed of the fruit trees; the interplanted crops produce good economic benefit; the problem of no economic income for fruit growers in a preliminary stage of the fruit tree planting is resolved; and the method can be popularized and applied in the forestry and fruit development in windy desert areas.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a remote sensing data-based soil wind erosion monitoring method and system. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a remote sensing image of a target area, and according to the remote sensing image, obtaining the environmental remote sensing parameters of the target area; according to the environmental remote sensing parameters and a wind erosion climate factor optimization model, obtaining the wind erosion climate factors of the underlying surfaces of different characteristics of the target area under different monitoring space-time scales; according to the wind erosion climate factors and the environmental remote sensing parameters, utilizing a soil wind erosion amount estimation optimization model to obtain the soil wind erosion amount under the different monitoring space-time scales. The system is used to execute the above method. According to the embodiment of the present invention, by utilizing the environmental remote sensing parameters, and according to the wind erosion climate factor optimization model and the wind erosion amount estimation optimization model, the soil wind erosion amount of the target area at different space-time distributions is obtained, thereby realizing the soil wind erosion monitoring of the target area at any space-time, realizing the space-time dynamic soil wind erosion evaluation, and improving the objectivity and the accuracy of the soil wind erosion evaluation.