208 results about "Fruit development" patented technology

The invention relates to preparation method and application method of a grape special fertilizer, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing an I-type fertilizer by taking the following ingredients in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of urea, 20-30 parts ammonium phosphate, 15-30 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of excrement, 1-5 parts of synergist, 0.1-1.0 part of ferrous sulphate, 0.1-0.8 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulphate, 0.1-0.6 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 3-7 parts of plaster and 3-13 parts of bentonite; preparing an II-type fertilizer by taking the following ingredients in parts by weight: 7-15 parts of urea, 25-35 parts ammonium phosphate, 35-45 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-5 parts of excrement, 2-5 parts of synergist, 0.1-1.0 part of ferrous sulphate, 0.1-0.8 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulphate, 0.1-0.6 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 3-7 parts of plaster and 3-13 parts of bentonite; and blending, spraying, pelleting and drying at lower temperature to obtain the product. The application method of the fertilizer comprises the following steps: taking an organic fertilizer and the II-type fertilizer as a base fertilizer; applying the I-type fertilizer before blossom, applying the II-type fertilizer in the young fruit development period, and meanwhile, respectively spraying monopotassium phosphate and rare earth mixed liquid once on the leaf surfaces; and spraying calcium nitrate or calcium acetate to enhance the storage resistance property before picking.

The invention discloses a Dendrobium in vitro crossbreeding method. The method can be used to greatly shorten the maturation period of fruits, to enable a hybrid to bloom in vitro in a short period so as to observe flower shapes and colors, and to cultivate a novel variety, thus accelerating Dendrobium breeding, the first such report internationally. Since in vitro Dendrobium blooms annually, it enables crossbreeding of varieties having different inflorescences in nature. In addition, the medium used at each stage of the invention utilizes Hyponex which has a unique composition and costs little, thus allowing for a high blossoming rate and rapid fruit development. Also, only simple plant tissue culture equipment is required for implementing the invention, thus the entire breeding method is simple and low cost, and provides conditions for cultivating of high-quality Dendrobium varieties.

The invention relates to a preparation method and an application method of a tomato special fertilizer, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing an I-type fertilizer by taking the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, 20-30 parts ammonium phosphate, 15-20 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of rubbish and excrement, 1-5 parts of synergist, 0.1-1 part of ferrous sulphate, 0.1-0.8 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulphate, 0.1-0.6 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 2-7 parts of plaster and 3-13 parts of bentonite; preparing an II-type fertilizer by taking the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, 5-10 parts ammonium phosphate, 35-45 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-5 parts of rubbish and excrement, 2-5 parts of synergist, 0.1-1 part of ferrous sulphate, 0.1-0.8 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulphate, 0.1-0.6 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 2-7 parts of plaster and 3-13 parts of bentonite; evenly blending, spraying, pelleting, adding 1-6 parts of diluted polyaspartic acid, drying at lower temperature and detecting to be qualified to obtain the special fertilizer. The application method of the special fertilizer comprises the following steps: applying an organic fertilizer and the II-type fertilizer before spring sowing; applying the II-type fertilizer at the flowering and fruiting periods, and applying the II-type fertilizer in the young fruit development period; and the .production yield can be increased by 16-18 percent.

The invention discloses a foliage spraying preparation for promoting fruit setting and fruit swelling and enhancing crop stress resistance. The preparation comprises the ingredients including fulvic acid, DA-6, 2,4-D sodium salt, alpha-pimacol, gibberellin, zeatin, dimethyl sulfoxide, butylcellosolve, sodium tetraborate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, molybdenum sulfate and magnesium sulfate. After the preparation is sprayed, nutrient substances are rapidly transferred from blade surfaces and are gathered at the plant reproduction active part, and the center endogenous hormones level of fruits is improved; the cell division is promoted, the cell size is amplified, the fruit swelling is accelerated, the chloroplast development and the chlorophyll formation are promoted, the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves is improved, and the unit area yield is increased; the flowing of nutrient substances to female flowers is enhanced, the fruit development speed is accelerated, the uniform fruit development is controlled, the deformity is reduced, the fruit surface is kept fresh, bright and smooth, and the commodity rate is obviously improved; and the immunological competence of plants are excited, the resistance is improved, the occurrence of the pest and disease damage is reduced, the senescence is delayed, and the picking period and the fruit shelf period are prolonged.

The invention relates to an anniversary application method of leaf fertilizer for red fuji apples. The method comprises the following steps of: applying nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer and potassic fertilizer according to the growth characteristic and the nutrient requirement of the red fuji apples at the seven key growth and development stages, i.e., before germination, after germination, at the blooming period, at the vigorous young sprout growth period, at the fruit expansion period, at the later period of fruit development and before defoliation; and meanwhile, replenishing trace elements such as calcium, ferrum, zinc, boron and the like in good time. The anniversary application method can be used for effectively increasing the fruit setting rate of applies, preventing and controlling the little leaf disease, the yellowtop, the fruit shrink disease and the bitter pits, improving the fruit quality and increasing the fruit yield. If the anniversary application method is used for apple production, the growth vigour of a tree body is remarkably enhanced, the occurrence rate of various physiologic diseases is remarkably reduced, the high-quality fruit rate is increased by 23%, and guarantee is provided for the increment of fruit growers and the sustainable development of fruit industry.

The invention discloses a method for solving low yield and low efficiency problems of an aged and closed macadamia garden. The method includes the steps that firstly, shrinking and heavy pruning are conducted to rejuvenate tree crowns ; secondly, shaping and pruning are conducted to rejuvenate branch groups; thirdly, deep plowing and soil improvement are conducted to rejuvenate root systems; fourthly, seeds are changed in batches, and pre-transplanting is updated; fifthly, reasonable fertilizer and water management is conducted; sixthly, topdressing is conducted outside roots, and flower and fruit retention is achieved; seventhly, diseases, pests and rat damage are prevented. By means of the method, after fruits are harvested in autumn, the low-yield low-efficiency aged and closed macadamia garden is improved, so the tree crowns of the garden can be rejuvenated, variety configuration is reasonable, soil fertility is quickly enhanced, diseases, pests and rat damage are prevented in time, flowering, fruit setting and fruit development are promoted, yield of single plants is greatly increased, and quality of single plants is greatly improved. After the method is implemented, productivity of the aged and closed macadamia garden can restore the level in the full fruiting period within 2-3 years, 10 kg or above of fruits with shells are produced on each plant in average, benefits are improved by 40% or above, accordingly the low yield and low efficiency problems of the aged and closed macadamia garden are solved, and sustainable development of the macadamia industry is promoted.

The invention discloses a method for applying a fertilizer on oranges. With the method, a leaf fertilizer-application mode is adopted when the orange is in different growth periods (successively a tree vigour restoration period, a period from white flower bud to a bud period, the period of blossom fall to young fruit formation, a young fruit development period, a young fruit expansion period, a summer shoot period, an autumn growth germination period, an autumn growth aging period, a fruit expansion later period, a fruit color changing period and a fruit maturing period), or a mode of combining leaf spraying with flushing for spraying roots is adopted to apply one or a combination of a Bili water-soluble fertilizer, a Zhuangli water-soluble fertilizer, a Huali water-soluble fertilizer, a boron-force water-soluble fertilizer, a fruit setting water-soluble fertilizer, a high-potassium flushed fertilizer, a root force calcium water-soluble fertilizer, a Gaili water-soluble fertilizer, a fruit-expansion flushed fertilizer, a liquid for accelerating rooting and increasing sweetness and a Hongguoli water-soluble fertilizer; thus various nutrient components (especially calcium, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, manganese, boron, copper, molybdenum and the like) required for each growth period are supplemented for oranges, so that the oranges can quickly and sufficiently obtain required nutrient components in each growth period to keep balanced nutrients, thereby ensuring that the tips, the flowers, the fruits and the like of the oranges can normally grow.

A jujube fruit cracking prevention method aims to achieve the purposes of good simplicity and convenience and high practicability, can be easily accepted by peasants and can effectively lower the jujube cracking rate in autumn. The method comprises the following steps: at the early stage of blooming of jujube trees, within 15 days after start of the early flowering season, a flower thinning agent is sprayed to the jujube flowers to thin off the early flowers, so that the late flowers are fruitful; accordingly, the fruit development time is put off by about 10-15 days, and the probability of sliding over the rainy days in the later period of fruit development is higher; from the intermediate stage of fruit development, whether to water the jujube trees or not is determined according to the soil moisture content every day to enable the rhizosphere soil moisture to be kept 60-80% of the field maximum moisture capacity till the last ten days of September, so that the demand for normal jujube fruit development on moisture can be satisfied.

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating litchi diseases and pests through botanical insecticide. The method for preventing and treating the litchi diseases and pests through the botanical insecticide comprises selecting tea hoops, derris roots, azedarach and marigold roots to prepare the botanical insecticide; spraying the botanical insecticide and applying earthworm fertilizer every two to three days in a bud breeding period of the litchi; preparing first insecticide through the botanical insecticide and water with the mass ratio to be in 1:3 and spraying the first insecticide to the litchi every 2 to 3 days in the flower bud period and the flowering period of the litchi; preparing second insecticide through the botanical insecticide and the water with the mass ratio to be in 1:5 , spraying the second insecticide and applying the earthworm fertilizer to the litchi trees every 4 to 5 days in the fruitlet period and the fruit development period of the litchi and stopping the utilization of the second insecticide 10 days before the litchi fruits are picked. The method for preventing and treating the litchi diseases and pests through the botanical insecticide has the advantages of being low in cost and simple in method and having large application space in actual production.

The invention discloses a production method of jujube rich in selenium, iron and zinc, which is suitable for northwestern regions such as Xinjiang Province. The method adopts different fertilization methods during different growth stages of jujube tree: from 10 days before germination to 10 days after germination, a first composite nutrition containing selenium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen is applied to rhizosphere soil; from blooming stage to young fruit stage, a second composite nutrition containing selenium, iron, zinc, magnesium and calcium is injected to xylem of tree trunk; and during fruit development stage, a third composite nutrition containing selenium, iron, zinc, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus and potassium is sprayed to leaf surface in the evening. The method is especially suitable for production of jujube rich in selenium, iron and zinc in dry regions with sufficient illumination, such as Xinjiang Province.

The invention discloses a preparation and an application method for a special multi-nutrition full-water-soluble serial fertilizer for bananas. The special multi-nutrition full-water-soluble serial fertilizer for bananas consists of three fertilizers, including a special fertilizer at the growth period of a banana vegetative body, a special fertilizer at the bud stage and a special fertilizer at the fruit development and mature stage. The three special fertilizers all consist of N, P2O5, K2O, CaO (or MgO), Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Mo, organic matter, an anti-blocking agent and a complexing agent with specific content, and are respectively used at the growth period, at the bud stage and at the fruit development and mature stage of a banana vegetative body by drop irrigation, spray irrigation or flushing applying modes. By utilizing the serial fertilizer, not only can the requirement for various nutrients for bananas at different growth stages be met, can the blindness for selecting the fertilizer by farmers be solved, but also the requirement for the fertilizer by a banana water-fertilizer integrated system can be met.

The invention provides a wind and sand prevention method of young fruit trees by interplanting crops. The wind and sand prevention method comprises the following steps: planting the young fruit tree seedlings in lines; controlling a line direction to be nearly vertical to the local predominant wind direction; planting low-straw crops such as wheat and soybean on the foundation of the young fruit tree seedlings; and planting high-straw crops such as corn, broomcorn and sunflower between every two fruit tree lines. The method is capable of reducing the surface wind speed well, protecting the land from wind erosion and increasing the survival rate and the growth speed of the fruit trees; the interplanted crops produce good economic benefit; the problem of no economic income for fruit growers in a preliminary stage of the fruit tree planting is resolved; and the method can be popularized and applied in the forestry and fruit development in windy desert areas.

The invention discloses a method for improving the waxberry fruit soluble solid content. In the waxberry fruit development process, a sodium selenite or boric acid agent is sprayed to a waxberry tree. Sodium selenite is prepared into an aqueous solution with the 20-200mg.L-1 mass concentration in use, and boric acid is prepared into an aqueous solution with the 0-2g.L-1 mass concentration in use; the using mode is that in the period from 20 days after waxberry flowers wither to 30 days before waxberry fruits mature and are picked up, the concentration of the agent is adjusted, spraying processing is carried out on the waxberry tree 2-4 times with a sprayer, spraying is carried out every 7-21 days, and spraying is carried out until the leave faces of the waxberry tree is wet each time; production management is carried out according to daily management of a normal waxberry garden. The method is easy to implement and low in cost, the effect of improving the waxberry fruit soluble solid content is obvious, and the method has the obvious economic benefits and is suitable for being popularized and applied.

The invention discloses a method for fruit cracking control for Lingwu long jujube, which includes: selecting a yard, cultivating Lingwu long jujube, regulating greenhouse covering time, regulating tree crowns and fruits and flowers, regulating temperature and humidity, regulating nutrition, controlling pests and diseases and the like. The base of a trunk of a Lingwu long jujube tree in a full bearing period is girdled at a position 10-15cm away from the soil, girdling width is no larger than one tenth of the diameter of the trunk, and gibberellin 15-20mg/L is sprayed once to twice during the full-blossom period at an interval of 7-10 days. Nutrients are sprayed to enhance thickness and hardness of fruit peel before flowering of the Lingwu long jujube tree and in the medium and late stage of fruit development. By means of the method, application of advancing maturity to controlling fruit cracking in protected cultivation of Lingwu long jujube is successfully and technically broken through in Jinghai county of Tianjin, the technical problem of fruit cracking which bothers jujube growers for long is solved effectively, yield and quality of fresh jujube are improved, insecticide spraying frequency is reduced, insecticide residue is decreased, the safe and nutritious health food is provided for consumers, a new way of increasing income for jujube farmers is exploited, and remarkable economic benefit and social benefit are achieved.

The invention relates to a safe and high-yield cultivation method of exocarpium. The method includes the following steps of (1) variety selection, wherein the high-yield variety 'heavy foliage' with stretched crowns is selected first; (2) flower and fruit development adjusting and control; (3) ecological prevention and control over disease and insect damage, wherein the biological preventing and controlling method of using predatory mites for preventing and controlling spider mites is used as the main means and supplemented by a physical preventing and controlling method of using insecticidal lamps or a sex attractant; (4) high-yield crown pruning, wherein the crowns are pruned in the juvenile stage to cultivate the tree form, and heavy and light pruning are combined in the fruiting stage to control apical dominance and form inner bore branch space; (5) plant nutrition optimizing scheme, wherein organic fertilizer is applied additionally, and autumn growth fertilizer, winter fertilizer and spring fertilizer are applied again; (6) selenium-enriched production technology, wherein selenium fertilizer is sprayed to the leaf faces in the fruit developing process to increase the selenium content of fruits. A traditional technology is improved, the safe and high-yield cultivation method of exocarpium has the key advantages of being safe, high-yield, simple in step, convenient to operate, high in practicability, ecological, environmentally friendly and capable of effectively increasing the yield and improving quality.

The invention relates to a tree body management method for increasing the yield of red pulp type pitaya, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree management. The method comprises the seven steps of old branch trimming, new shoot removing, topping, flower thinning, pollen collecting, pollinating and fruit thinning. According to the tree body management method for increasing the yield of the red pulp type pitaya, a traditional cultivation technology of the red pulp type pitaya is broken through, it is proposed that artificial pollination needs to be conducted under any climate condition, flower thinning is conducted by combining pollen collection, and the best time period of artificial pollination is within four hours after the flowers bloom; topping on too long branches is put forward firstly, and the number of trimmed sprouts is quantized. According to the tree body management method for increasing the yield of the red pulp type pitaya, the method is specific, the standard is quantized, maneuverability is very high, fruit setting of the red pulp type pitaya and fruit development are greatly facilitated, and therefore the yield is obviously increased.

The genetic basis for a recessive dwarf trait (dw) in peach (Prunus persica) was determined. Using a sequencing-based bulk-segregant mapping strategy, dw was positioned on the distal end of peach chromosome 6. At the center of the mapped locus, a SNP leading to a premature stop codon was identified within the coding region of a homolog of the Giberellic Acid (GA) receptor GID1 (GA Insensitive Dwarf 1). Silencing of GID1c in the closely related species Prunus domestica (plum) led to dwarf phenotypes with shortened internodes similar to dw/dw peaches. The degree of GID1c silencing corresponded to the degree of dwarfing. Anatomical expression studies showed that GID1c was highly expressed in all actively growing peach tissues, but more predominant in apical meristems and roots. These data establish that GID1c serves a primary role in the rapid growth and elongation of peach vegetative tissues, thus providing new methods to control tree size without impacting flower or fruit development.

The invention provides a method for preventing a fruit cracking disease of citrus grandis osbeck. According to the method, a two-pile grafting method is utilized to graft fructus aurantii for the first time to serve as stocks, and Shatian pomelos are used as scions; Shatian pomelo grafting plants are grafted for the second time to serve as stocks, and Shatian pomelos are used as scions, wherein the scions have good affinity with the stocks, and the survival rate is high. Unions are not needed to be processed specially, and the grafting cost is effectively reduced. The method is simple in operation, can be mastered by ordinary skilled persons in the art and is easy to popularize. The method can improve the moisture supply of citrus grandis osbeck fruits at a developing stage and prevent and reduce the fruit cracking rate in a later period of citrus grandis osbeck fruit development and can prevent the fruit cracking disease while ensuring the yield of the citrus grandis osbeck. By the adoption of the method, the fruit cracking rate of citrus grandis osbeck fruits can be effectively reduced on the premise that the yield of the citrus grandis osbeck is ensured, management means including a fertilizer, moisture management and the like are not needed, the production cost is saved, and the survival rate is high.

The invention discloses an apple tree planting method and relates to a crop planting method. According to the apple tree planting method, soil is subjected to deinsectization and sterilized with quicklime before an apple tree seedling is transplanted, so that root rot of the apple tree seedling can be reduced while soil fertility is increased, and the survival rate of the apple tree seedling is increased; besides, the apple tree and amorphophallus konjac are planted together, a large amount of selenium can be stored through the amorphophallus konjac, selenium in the soil is prevented from losing, the amorphophallus konjac is planted in the soil when the apple tree blossoms, and sufficient selenium can be supplied during fruit developing, so that selenium-rich apples can be obtained.

The invention provides O-methyltransferase participating in citrus peel flavone synthesis and a coding gene and application thereof. The expression level of CitOMT1 is positively correlated with the accumulation of polymethoxylated flavones in a fruit development process of Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima; in vitro enzyme activity assays indicate that the O-methyltransferase can be applied to catalyze specific site methylation of flavones, in particular to catalyze quercetin to produce quercetin 3',4' dimethyl ester, catalyze luteolin to produce chrysoeriol, catalyze eriodictyol to produce hesperidin and homoeriodictyol, catalyze baicalein to produce oroxylin A, and catalyze 7,8-dihydroxyflavone to produce 7-hydroxy-8-methoxy flavone. The enzyme activity assays have simple reaction conditions, do not require additional metal ions, and have high application value and research prospects.

The invention provides a primer for screening reference genes of syzygium samarangense under low-temperature stress and application thereof. The primer comprises forward primer 5'-CCTGGCCTCTATGATCTTATCC-3' and reverse primer 5'-CAGGCATCATGTGCTTTG-3'. The expression level of 7 candidate reference genes ACT-7, GAPDH, UBQ, alpha-TUB, CYP20-1, EF-2 and APRT-5 under fruit development and low-temperature stress of syzygium samarangense can be detected by utilizing qRT-PCR, and gene stability is evaluated through geNorm, NormFinder, RestKeeper and RefFinder software. Results indicate that the reference gene CYP20-1 is expressed most stably under low-temperature stress, so that the situation that no reference gene exists in existing syzygium samarangense quantitative PCR detection can be solved, and foundation is laid for subsequent gene expression work.

The application discloses a fruit development bagging, comprising an outer bag in single layer or double layer, a paper inner bag with 65% transmittance is equipped in the outer bag, two ends of the paper inner bag are open, a notch for sheathing is provided on the top open, the height of the paper inner bag is lower than that of the outer bag, and the width is wider than 3-5 cm. When in use, young fruits are sheathd and a neck of the bag is tightened, during coloring period of the fruits, the outer bag is removed, only the inner paper bag is left, thereby improving microzone environment of the fruits during the coloring period, reducing sunscald, dehiscent fruit, frost, infection and the like, markedly increasing commodity value of the fruits.

The invention belongs to the technical field of molecular biology, and particularly relates to a hibiscus esculentus reference gene EF-1 alpha and an application thereof. The invention discloses a sequence of a transcriptional elongation factor gene (EF-1 alpha) of the hibiscus esculentus reference gene, based on the sequence, a quantitative specific primer is designed, and the transcriptional elongation factor gene (EF-1 alpha) can be stably expressed at the development stage of hibiscus esculentus fruits and under high temperature stress, and can be used as a reference gene during expressionresearch of the hibiscus esculentus gene at the fruit development stage and under the high temperature stress. According to the hibiscus esculentus reference gene EF-1 alpha disclosed by the invention, the transcriptional elongation factor gene (EF-1 alpha) is used as the reference gene for expression analysis of the hibiscus esculentus gene at the fruit development stage and under high temperature stress for the first time, and stability, reliability and repeatability of the expression analysis research of the hibiscus esculentus gene at the fruit development stage and under the high temperature stress are facilitated. The detection primer provided by the invention has specificity, the detection efficiency is greatly improved, and the credibility of the detection result is increased.

The present invention relates to the use of LCOs in initiating earlier flowering, increased number of buds and flower buds and earlier fruit development in non legume and legume plants, as compared to flowering and fruit development under conditions without use of LCOs, and the enhancement of plant growth and yield associated therewith; to compositions comprising an effective amount of at least one LCO and agriculturally acceptable carriers, associated with earlier flowering, increased bud and flower numbers and earlier initiation of fruit development as compared to conditions without use of LCOs, and with increased growth and plant yield; and to methods using LCOs and compositions of one or more LCOs and agriculturally acceptable carriers, associated with earlier flowering initiation, increased bud and flower numbers and earlier fruit development in both legume and non-legume crop plants as compared to conditions without use of LCOs and associated enhancement of growth and yield.