83 results about "Preharvest" patented technology

A modeling framework for evaluating the impact of weather conditions on farming and harvest operations applies real-time, field-level weather data and forecasts of meteorological and climatological conditions together with user-provided and/or observed feedback of a present state of a harvest-related condition to agronomic models and to generate a plurality of harvest advisory outputs for precision agriculture. A harvest advisory model simulates and predicts the impacts of this weather information and user-provided and/or observed feedback in one or more physical, empirical, or artificial intelligence models of precision agriculture to analyze crops, plants, soils, and resulting agricultural commodities, and provides harvest advisory outputs to a diagnostic support tool for users to enhance farming and harvest decision-making, whether by providing pre-, post-, or in situ-harvest operations and crop analyzes.

A preharvest coating for fruits, vegetables and other plants includes a primary ingredient for protecting the fruit, vegetable or plant from physical harm or damage during growing and harvesting and/or for enhancing the appearance of the fruit, vegetable or plant. In addition, the coating includes a nutraceutical component that may provide health beneficial effects to human consumers of the fruit, vegetable or plant. Such nutraceutical components can include phytonutrients such as flavonoids, stilbenes or other phytochemicals. Preferably, the nutraceutical component is included in an otherwise conventional coating and is applied by means of preharvest thermofogging of the fruit, vegetable or plant.

The invention discloses a method for mechanically harvesting winter rape efficiently with low power consumption. The method comprises the following steps of: A, constructing a rape group suitable for mechanical harvest: selecting the variety suitable for mechanical production, performing mechanical precise-quantity direct seeding when the soil water content is 30 to 40 percent, and constructing an ideal group and a plant type by fertilizer and water application and disease inset pest and weed control; B, adjusting a mature period: spraying a ripener two to three days before the harvest of rape seed ripening stage in the regions of contradictory seasons; C, harvesting at right time: observing and measuring the morphological physiological index of the plant before the harvest of the rape, wherein more than 95 percent of siliques, namely yellow loquat fruits in the cropland are suitable for mechanical harvest; D, mechanically harvesting and measuring loss rate: harvesting by a special rape harvesting mechanism in a combining way in the period suitable for harvest; E, smashing and returning rape straw to the cropland: flooding the straw in water immediately after the harvest of rape, decaying and returning to the cropland. The method is easy and convenient to operate, improves a one-time efficient branch height, reduces the branch number, reduces the thickness of the pod layer, solves the problems of high harvest loss rate, and improves the yield.

A modeling framework for evaluating the impact of weather conditions on farming and harvest operations applies real-time, field-level weather data and forecasts of meteorological and climatological conditions together with user-provided and/or observed feedback of a present state of a harvest-related condition to agronomic models and to generate a plurality of harvest advisory outputs for precision agriculture. A harvest advisory model simulates and predicts the impacts of this weather information and user-provided and/or observed feedback in one or more physical, empirical, or artificial intelligence models of precision agriculture to analyze crops, plants, soils, and resulting agricultural commodities, and provides harvest advisory outputs to a diagnostic support tool for users to enhance farming and harvest decision-making, whether by providing pre-, post-, or in situ-harvest operations and crop analyses.

The invention discloses wheat preharvest sprouting resistance character-related KASP molecular markers and application thereof in the field of wheat molecular breeding. Three KASP markers (AX-111578083, AX-111624595 and AX-110772653) in the third homologous group of wheat, developed on the basis of an SNP marker and a flanking sequence of the SNP marker, are capable of accurately typing preharvest sprouting resistance candidate loci and predicting the preharvest sprouting resistance of the wheat, thereby more conveniently identifying and screening preharvest sprouting resistance materials under laboratory conditions. By using a molecular marker-assisted selective breeding technique, the influences of environmental factors and personal errors on phenotype identification can be effectively avoided, and the molecular marker-assisted selective breeding technique can be combined with phenotype identification for use. According to the three KASP markers, strongly selected loci can be provided, the accuracy of wheat preharvest sprouting resistance breeding material selection is improved, and the target of wheat preharvest sprouting resistance molecular marker-assisted selective breeding is achieved.

A modeling framework for evaluating the impact of weather conditions on farming and harvest operations applies real-time, field-level weather data and forecasts of meteorological and climatological conditions together with user-provided and/or observed feedback of a present state of a harvest-related condition to agronomic models and to generate a plurality of harvest advisory outputs for precision agriculture. A harvest advisory model simulates and predicts the impacts of this weather information and user-provided and/or observed feedback in one or more physical, empirical, or artificial intelligence models of precision agriculture to analyze crops, plants, soils, and resulting agricultural commodities, and provides harvest advisory outputs to a diagnostic support tool for users to enhance farming and harvest decision-making, whether by providing pre-, post-, or in situ-harvest operations and crop analyses.

The invention discloses a planting method for plum trees. The method comprises steps: 1) filed planting, plant distance being 3-4 m * 5-6 m, planting a pollinizer in every 9 trees, the pollinizer being on the center of the nine trees, 2) soil and fertilizer management: (1) applying preharvest fertilizer; (2) applying pre-flowering fertilizer; (3) applying fruit expanding fertilizer; (4) applying supplementary fertilizer, 3) trimming, 4) and prevention and cure of diseases. Through rational field planting, soil and fertilizer management, trimming, and prevention and cure measures of diseases, the planting method for plum trees ensures plum trees have large amount of fruits and have little plant diseases and insect pests, fruits are large and yield is high.

The invention discloses a method of accessorial appraise for the sample of anti stachys white grain wheat. The method is that select white chondrio wheat as alternate samples. The characteristic is that there are wax powders on the glume, during the wax ripe, naked eye cannot see gap at the link of inside and outside of glume, and there is not synechia between seeds and the inner wall of inside and outside of glume. The method of accessorial appraise for the sample of anti stachys white chondrio wheat bonds the method of normal breed, can quicken the procedure of breed wheat; can select quickly the sample of anti stachys white grain wheat from the heavy product, superior quality and against disease of white grain wheat with other normal measuring method, and plunge it into production quickly.

The invention relates to a preharvest and postharvest compound treatment method for AP annona squamosa refreshment and fruit cracking restraint. The preharvest and postharvest compound treatment method comprises the steps of enabling complexing agent solution composed of water, calcium chloride and jasmonic acid to be spayed on fruits 1-2 weeks before picking; selecting and harvesting the fruits which are uniform in sizes, have no pest and disease damage and have a maturity of 80-90%; first soaking the harvested fruits in pollution-free preservative solution I composed of water, citric acid, oxalic acid and ascorbic acid for 20-30min, taking out the fruits, and draining moisture; soaking the fruits in preservative solution II onion extracting solution; finally enabling the processed fruits to be aired naturally in an air-conditioning room at 18-20 DEG C, and storing the fruits in a cold storage which is at 15 DEG C and has a relative humidity of 75%-85%; and after storage for 15 days, enabling the fruit cracking rate and the rotting rate of AP annona squamosa to be reduced to be within 15%. According to the preharvest and postharvest compound treatment method, the fruit cracking rate can be effectively reduced, the storage period of the fruits is prolonged, and the flavor and quality of the AP annona squamosa are not affected.

The invention discloses a regulation and control method for cadmium contaminated farmland soil to produce while repairing. The method includes performing air-drying and sieving on cadmium contaminatedsoil, applying a regulator component A, B and C, applying urea, and performing uniform mixing; planting paddy rice, performing drying for 3 days except for the later period of a tillering stage, maintaining a water layer of 2-3 cm at other time, performing frying until 3 days before harvest, and harvesting the paddy rice; performing re-air drying and sieving on the soil, applying a regulator component D and E, applying the urea, and performing uniform mixing; planting sedum plumbizincicola, maintaining the moisture of the soil at 60%-70% of maximum field water holding capacity, and harvestingthe upper parts of the sedum plumbizincicola after 4-6 months of planting; and repeating the above steps for 2-5 times so that repairing can be completed. The dual-purpose of guaranteeing the safe production of the paddy rice and accelerating repairing process can be achieved. The method can simultaneously consider the standard achieved production of the paddy rice on the contaminated soil and the efficient repairing of the sedum plumbizincicola.

The invention discloses a wheat seed dormancy persistence-substantially related SNP label and its CAPS label and use. The SNP is located at a wheat 2AL chromosome, is tightly linked to a SSR label Xwmc658 in a genetic map and is a novel seed dormancy persistence main-effect site. The CAPS label developed on this basis provides a novel method for wheat preharvest sprouting resistance molecular marker-assistant breeding, lays the foundation for cultivation of a wheat specie with good preharvest sprouting resistance persistence, fills in the blank of continuous seed dormancy/preharvest sprouting resistance identification and is conducive to wheat preharvest sprouting resistance polygene polymerization breeding.

The invention discloses a molecular marker and a specific primer for identifying wheat grain germination traits and application thereof. The invention provides a specific primer pair. The specific primer pair comprises two primers; amplification products comprise specific DNA molecules; the specific DNA molecules are target sequences of a primer F and a primer R in a wheat genome; the primer F is a single-chain DNA molecule shown as a sequence 3 of a sequence table; the primer R is a single-chain DNA molecule shown as a sequence 4 of the sequence table. The invention also provides a molecular marker related to a wheat germination index; the molecular marker is a DNA fragment prepared by taking the genome DNA of the to-be-detected wheat as a template and amplifying by using the specific primers. The molecular marker and the specific primer have important theoretical significance and economic value for assistant selection of wheat variety with preharvest sprouting resistance through the molecular marker.

The invention discloses a disease preventing and freshness retaining method of mango-fruit preharvest and postharvest combined processing. The method includes the steps: (1), within 1 month before mango-fruit harvesting, a mixed disease-resistant pesticide is uniformly sprayed to the surfaces of mango fruits; (2), the mango fruits obtained after preharvest processing are harvested and precooled; (3), the precooled mango fruits are placed into a plastic box, a citronella essential oil, a tea tree essential oil, a lemon essential oil and a macadamia ternifolia essential oil are added into a culture dish at the bottom of the box so that the volatile matter concentration of each essential oil can reach 250-500 [mu]l/L, sealing is conducted, and room-temperature fumigation is carried out for 8-16 hours; (4), fumigated mango fruits are taken out and then placed into a paper fruit box with a spontaneous modified atmosphere bag as a lining, and after a 1-MCP slow-release agent is added, an opening of the modified atmosphere bag is sealed; and (5), the mango fruits are stored in a room-temperature warehouse. After the mango fruits processed through the method are stored in the room-temperature warehouse for 8 days, diseases are significantly alleviated, the disease index of the mango fruits is 20.0-31.7, and prevention and treatment effects reach 54.7-71.4%.

The invention discloses a low-dosage chemical bactericide used for controlling the postharvest diseases of fruits. The effective components of each liter of the low-dosage chemical bactericide comprise 1-10mg of imazalil, 1-10mg of prochloraz and 1-10mg of iminoctadine tris(albesilate). When the low-dosage chemical bactericide is practically used, the surface sprinkling (just fruit surface wetting) or postharvest immersion for 1-5min of the preharvest orange fruits by or in the low-dosage chemical bactericide can control the penicilliosis of the orange fruits.

Belonging to the field of biotechnology and crop genetic engineering technology, the invention discloses a rice seed dormancy regulation gene OsMPK14 and application thereof. The rice seed dormancy regulation gene OsMPK14 disclosed by the invention plays an important role in improving rice seed dormancy, has a sequence shown as SEQ ID NO.2, and encodes a protein with amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO.1. The application specifically includes CRISPR/Cas9 systematic editing, interference or knockout of OsMPK14 gene and destruction of the biological functions of OsMPK14 gene so as to obtain apreharvest sprouting resistant rice strain. The gene OsMPK14 knockout method provided by the invention can knock out the OsMPK14 gene of the existing material, by screening the knockout offspring, adormancy enhanced rice strain can be obtained, and the preharvest sprouting resistance can be effectively improved.

The invention provides a hybrid rice preharvest sprouting inhibitor. The hybrid rice preharvest sprouting inhibitor is prepared from the following raw materials: vitamin, a plant extract, an osmotic regulator, a growth inhibitor, a surfactant and water, wherein phytic acid is used as the vitamin, coumarin is used as the plant extract, NaCl is used as the osmotic regulator, abscisic acid is used asa growth inhibitor, and polysorbate 20 is used as a surfactant. The preparation method of the hybrid rice preharvest sprouting inhibitor comprises the following steps: weighing all raw materials in proportions, adding the raw materials into the water in sequence, uniformly stirring and mixing, and regulating pH (Potential of Hydrogen). A formula of the hybrid rice preharvest sprouting inhibitor provided by the invention is low in cost, the preparation method is simple, the hybrid rice preharvest sprouting inhibitor is non-toxic and harmless, the ecological environment cannot be destroyed after long-term use, follow-up germination quality of the hybrid rice preharvest sprouting inhibitor cannot be influenced, the use is convenient and effective, the hybrid rice preharvest sprouting inhibitor can be sprayed in vaporfic way for once during a rice grain filling stage by using a sprayer, the absorption time is short, the using amount is extremely small, all raw materials in the formula are water-soluble substances, the liquid is odorless, the property cannot be changed under longer-term preservation, and the formula is suitable for wide hybrid rice seed production and producing areasfor use.

A two-site immunoassay for the qualitative or quantitative detection of alpha-amylase in a test sample, said immunoassay comprising: (1) exposing said test sample to a first (“capture”) antibody or fragment thereof which specifically or preferentially binds to a first epitope on said alpha-amylase, under conditions permitting binding of said first antibody or fragment thereof to alpha-amylase if present, (ii) subsequently exposing bound alpha-amylase, if any, to a second (“detection”) antibody or fragment thereof which specifically or preferentially binds to a second epitope on said alpha-amylase that is distinct from said first epitope, under conditions permitting binding of said second antibody or fragment thereof to said bound alpha-amylase, and (iii) detecting any binding of said second antibody or fragment thereof to said bound alpha-amylase, wherein either of said first or second epitopes is an epitope comprising one or more of the amino acid sequences: IDRLVSIRTRGQIHS (SEQ ID NO:1), CRDDRPYADG (SEQ ID NO:2), VNWVNKVGGS (SEQ ID NO:3) and variants thereof showing ≧80%, more preferably ≧90%, sequence identity. The immunoassay is useful for detecting weather damage (i.e., preharvest sprouting) in cereal grain.

The present invention discloses an annual two-planting and four-harvesting planting method for red soil paddy field. The method comprises the following steps of (1) sowing rape in late October, applying basic fertilizer in combination with sowing, applying additional fertilizer for the first time in late December or in early January of next year, picking rape bolts in late January of next year, instantly applying nitrogen fertilizer for the second time after rape bolt picking, and mechanically harvesting rape seeds in mid-May; (2) planting middle-season rice in a field by throwing in mid-May,applying the basic fertilizer in combination with mechanical land preparation of the field, broadcasting the additional fertilizer to the whole field for the first time in a tillering stage, continuing to broadcast the additional fertilizer for the second time in a heading stage, and finally broadcasting the additional fertilizer for the third time 5-7 days before harvesting; mechanically harvesting the middle-season rice in late August; and mechanically harvesting ratoon rice in later October. In an annual rice-rape rotation manner, planting is performed twice and harvesting is performed forfour times; and paddy-upland rotation is realized, and agricultural products are improved in type, quantity and quality, so that guarantee of grain and oil self-supply is improved and agricultural product supply is enriched and optimized.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of a wheat preharvest-sprouting-resistance material. The cultivation method comprises the steps of in the first ten-day period and the middle ten-day period of October, culturing wheat seeds for 15 days with a special culture solution prepared from wild oat DNA, and when two leaves and 3-5 roots grow on each seedling, transplanting the seedlings as 0-generation seedlings to a field; In June of the second year, completely harvesting 0-generation seeds, and dibbling all single seeds in early October to form the first generation; harvesting and bundling first-generation plants in the next year; putting the bundled first-generation plants into a dark room, spraying water to wet ears thoroughly, performing covering with a plastic film to preserve moisture, accelerating germination for 15 days, performing baking, performing drying in the sun, performing threshing, floating the seeds with water, eliminating the germinated seeds floating on the water, reserving the non-germinated seeds sinking to the water bottom, and performing quick drying in the sun for second-generation seeding; performing harvesting and threshing at the seventh generation, performing sowing no less than 10,000 plants in single hole and single grain in the field in the middle ten-day period of June, and performing simultaneous sowing contrast; always keeping soil moist after sowing; only reserving and numbering the seedlings which emerge later than the control seedlings, recording the seedling emergence date, transplanting the seedlings into nutrition pots when 3-4 leaves exist, in a semi-shade shed, spraying 0.5% paclobutrazol, performing root irrigation and performing oversummering; and performing transplanting in the first ten-day period of October, and performing pre-harvest-sprouting-resistance identification in the next year. High pre-harvest-sprouting-resistance materials can be selected.

The invention discloses a method for repairing cadmium-polluted farmland while conducting production, belonging to the technical field of environmental management of polluted soil. The method comprises the following steps: (1) intercropping sedum alfredii hance and Lingxiyicun broad beans on to-be-remediated soil; (2) spraying a cadmium activating agent to leaves of the broad beans and the sedum alfredii hance in the seedling stage and the flowering stage of the broad beans, and completely removing straws of the broad beans and the sedum alfredii hance after harvesting; (3) leveling the soil,applying a cadmium passivation conditioner, and uniformly mixing the cadmium passivation conditioner with plough layer soil; (4) after one week, transplanting rice Zhongzheyou No.8 , carrying out flooding treatment in the whole growth period, spraying a selenium-enhanced cadmium blocking and controlling agent on leaf surfaces in the tillering period and the booting period of the rice, draining water one week before harvesting, and completely removing straws after harvesting the rice; and (5) repeating the steps (1)-(4) until soil safety reaches the standard. According to the method, the sedumalfredii hance and the broad beans are intercropped and then are subjected to crop rotation with the rice, and various agricultural and strengthening measures are cooperatively conducted, so remediation of cadmium-polluted soil is completed while safe production of crops is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a carotenoid-rich oyster land-based fattening method which comprises the following steps: placing oysters needing to be fattened in a land-based cement pond, controlling the temperature of a farm area and the water temperature in the land-based cement pond, blending baits, blending nutrient enrichment mixed powder, feeding the oysters, and stopping feeding the baits and the nutrient enrichment mixed powder one day before harvesting, meanwhile, disinfected and filtered seawater is adopted for running water cultivation. By adopting a roadbed cement pool fattening method, oysters are fed with mixed algae liquid and nutrient enrichment mixed powder, and carotenoid is contained in the nutrient enrichment mixed powder so as to increase the content of carotenoid in oyster tissues and promote the oyster fattening. By means of the method, the yield of the oysters can be increased by 10-20%, the defect that the fatness of the oysters is poor possibly due to a traditional breeding method is overcome, the nutritional ingredients of the oysters can be increased, the flavor and taste of the oysters can be improved, and therefore a new oyster product which is high in fatness and rich in carotenoids is produced.

The invention discloses a CAPS marker related to wheat seed dormancy/preharvest sprouting tolerance and a detection method thereof. The CAPS marker is named as Qsd1-5BL, and the nucleotide sequence ofthe Qsd1-5BL is SEQ ID NO.1. The invention further provides a primer pair for amplifying the CAP maker and a method for identifying the duration of wheat seed dormancy/preharvest sprouting toleranceby utilizing the CAPS marker. After a wheat DNA is subjected to PCR amplification by utilizing the CAPS, digestion is carried out by utilizing HhaI restriction enzyme to obtain a digested product; when the digested product is a main belt, corresponding wheat seeds have a longer seed dormancy or longer sprouting tolerance duration; and when the digested product is two main belts, corresponding wheat seeds have shorter seed dormancy or shorter sprouting tolerance duration. The CAPS marker can provide gene resource and function mark for wheat varieties with stronger sprouting tolerance, and the tolerance hereditary basis can be widened.