195 results about "Sweet Cherries" patented technology

The invention relates to an early management method of planting sweet cherries in a south warm region. The varieties of the sweet cherries comprise Fanduan, summit, Rainey, Hongmi, santina, Russian I or Kosmytchekaja, the used stock is folium isatidis or Gisela, and the early management method comprises the three steps of ridging, field planting and shaping as well as pruning. The early management method disclosed by the invention provides a manner of cultivating a variety with few requirements at a low temperature, combining dwarf stock, utilizing the treatments of ridging and planting in the autumn, taking tree shape cultivation as the center for a young tree, focusing on cutting in the summer instead of in the winter, drawing branches, carving buds, balancing the condition of the tree, and controlling a crown to quickly achieve the fruiting area. According to the early management method, the agricultural structure in the south warm region is regulated, the income is increased for countryside, farmers and agriculture, the ecological environment is improved, and the early management method has important significance on promoting the regional economic development of the region.

The present invention discloses a method for breeding dwafted sweet cherry seedling. Said method includes the following steps: using current grown Nanking cherry as base stock, grafting the current grown plum scion in the place of base stock which is 2-4 cm from ground surface in the bud grafting mode; after 6-7 months, cutting off the base stock in the 0.5-1 cm place of upper end of grufting point and removing bud-grafting binding rope, then wiping off newly sprouted bud of stock at all times, after 3-4 months, using plum grafting bud as intermediate stock, grafting the current grown cherry scion on the intermediate stock in the bud grafting mode, its bud-grafting place must be 2-3 cm distance from upper end of original grafting point leaving 4-5 leaves in intermediate stock and cutting off other portion, wiping off newly sprouted bud in intermediate stock at all times, when the cherry grafting bud is grown to 14-16 cm, cutting off intermediate stock and removing binding rope.

The invention relates to a quick cultivation method of grafted sweet cherry seedlings and belongs to the field of plant cultivation. The method comprises steps as follows: collection and storage of variety scions; preparation of a cutting bed, cuttage and management after cuttage of rootstock, grafting of the scions and management of nursery stock after grafting. A greenhouse is adopted for special cultivation, grafting of the variety scions is performed in the second half of May, transplantation can be performed in the very year after leaf falling, the seedling raising time is greatly shortened, and the grafted sweet cherry seedlings are obtained quickly. With the adoption of the method, sweet cherries only take one growth season from rootstock seedlings to transplantation of the grafted variety scions, and cultivation time of the grafted sweet cherry seedlings is 1 year shorter than that of the seedlings cultivated with a conventional seedling raising method. The nursery stock can be transplanted after leaf falling in the early winter, the seedlings are 1.5-2.0 m high, the base of each seedling is 1.0-1.5 m thick, sprouts are plump, the germination rate is high, and the nursery stock is high in quality and strong. The seedling raising cost is greatly reduced due to the fact that the seedling raising time is shortened by 1 year.

The invention discloses a method for utilizing a non-woven fabric container to perform sweet cherry dwarfing rootstock twig cuttage seedling culture and a matrix combination. The method mainly comprises light matrix preparation, manufacture of fertilizer in seedling culture matrix and the non-woven fabric seedling culture container, central sand filling and placing of the non-woven fabric seedling culture container, cutting slips manufacture and cuttage, preparation and application of a microorganism preparation (cherry rhizosphere growth-promoting bacterium YT3 with preservation number to be CGMCCNo.5319) and management after cuttage. The matrix combination is composed of a matrix main body material, the fertilizer and the microorganism preparation. The method improves survival rate of twig cuttage and seedling quality, shortens seedling culture time, reduces seedling culture cost, improves seedling culture efficiency of sweet cherry dwarfing rootstock, and meets the requirements of massive high-quality seedlings for sweet cherry production.

The invention discloses a cherry rootstock tissue culture medium, which is prepared from 2 to 60 ml / L of optimized MS base mother solution, 2545 g / L of sucrose, 6.5 to 7.0 g / L of agar, 0.4 to 0.6 mg / L of 6-Benzylaminopurine, 0.1 to 0.3 mg / L of indolebutyric acid, 0.061 to 0.067 mg / L of VC, 0.05 to1.00 mg / L of indoleacetic acid and 1000 to1200 mg / L of active carbon; the culture medium is specifically applied to the growth and cultivation of the bud of the dwarf cherry rootstock, the cultivation of the strong stock and the cultivation of the induced root; the proliferation and root-growing effect is excellent so that the root-growing rate of the dwarf cherry rootstock can reach 95% to 98%; the root is rough and tidy; the culture bud is healthy; the leaf is green, therefore, the labor and material are effectively saved; the survival rate of the transplant can reach 95%, and the foundation is established for the large-scale production. The tissue culture medium method disclosed by the invention is simple and easy, thereby simplifying the program, improving the efficiency, and reducing the cost. In the invention, the problems of brown stain and vitrification in the culture process of tissue culture medium can be solved; and therefore, the invention can be applied to the fast reproduction of the Gisela sweet dwarf cherry rootstock in the large-scale production.

The present invention discloses a chewable tablet containing lutein ester, zeaxanthin, blueberries and Chinese wolfberry fruits and a preparation method thereof. The chewable tablet comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of lutein ester, 0.1-0.5 part of zeaxanthin, 10-20 parts of blueberry juice powder, 25-35 parts of Chinese wolfberry fruit juice powder, 5-10 parts of sour and sweet orange powder, 5-10 parts of sweet cherry powder, 20-30 parts of flavoring agents and 0.2-0.6 part of lubricant. The chewable tablets has health-care effects in relieving visual fatigue and improving eyesight, solves problems that the existing products are single in composition and effectiveness, etc., and is good in mouthfeel, convenient to eat, good in absorption effect and more attractive to consumers.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of sweet cherry in alpine regions comprising following steps: 1. garden selection: selecting areas with elevation of 700-1100m as cultivation regions; 2. variety selection: selecting following sweet cherry varieties: Kosmytchekaja, Summit, Brooks, Red lamp and Tieton; grafted seedlings of three years old or older or young seedlings of two years old or younger are selected as seedling, and Gisela dwarfing rootstocks are selected as the seedling stocks; 3. cultivation management: planting, shaping and trimming, fertilizing and watering management, and plant diseases and insect pests preventing; 4. rain shielding and sun shading measurement: filming before the end of March of first blooming and removing the film after fruit picking at the beginning of June to avoid rain; covering with sunshade screens at the beginning of June till the end of September and then removing the sunshade screens, wherein, the light transmittance of the sunshade screens is 40%.

The invention discloses an efficient sweet cherry fence type grafting and symbiotic cultivation technology. According to the technical scheme, fence type cultivation is utilized. The method comprisesthe steps of large seedling cultivation and transplanting before grafting, trunk grafting and cultivation of lateral branches after grafting. According to structural indexes of trees obtained after symbiotic cultivation, the height of the trees is 2.5-3.0 m, the vertical section of each trunk is 40-50 cm high, the horizontal section of each trunk is 1.8-2.3 m long, 8-12 back branches grow on eachtrunk, the back branch spacing of each trunk is 10-15 cm, the length of the back branches on each trunk is smaller than 2.0 m, the diameter of base parts of the back branches on each trunk is smallerthan 4 cm, and the effect fruit and branch proportion is 98%. The invention further discloses application of the technology in the field of cherry grafting and cultivation field. The problem that in atraditional fence type cultivation technology, back branches of cherries are not balanced in growth is solved, seedling planting is completed within two years, and the technology has the advantages that the number of layers of tree structures is small, growth is balanced, the back branches are strong, the yield is high, harvesting is early, the cherry variety is good, and mechanical harvesting isfacilitated.

The invention relates to a management method for planting adult sweet cherry trees at warm regions in the south of China. The variety of sweet cherries adopts Fanduan, Summit, Rainey, Red honey, Santina, Russia No.1, or Kosmytchekaja. The management method of the adult sweet cherry trees comprises the following five steps of: 1, sheltering the trees from rain, sunshine and birds; 2, performing water management; 3, shaping and trimming the trees; 4, performing fertilizing management; and 5, controlling and preventing diseases and insect pests. Through the adoption of the management method disclosed by the invention, continuous high yield of the sweet cherries at 4 small areas in Pujiang County is successfully realized. The method disclosed by the invention has important significances in adjusting the agricultural production structure of the warm regions in the south of China, increasing income for countryside, peasants and agriculture, improving the ecological environment, and driving local regional economic development.

The invention discloses a method for growing cherry seedlings within one year through grafting and bough cottage. The method solves the problems that sweet cherry seedlings grow slowly, the grafting period is short, preserving rate is low after conventional grafting, the seedling growing time is long, and seedling commodity is low. The method includes the specific steps that (1), dormant scions of good cherry varieties are stored; (2), Gisela stock boughs are cultivated; (3), dormant buds of the good cherry varieties are grafted to the Gisela stock boughs; (4), the boughs are processed in an arch shed; (5), cottage of the boughs is carried out in the arch shed; (6), the boughs are managed after cottage; (7), cutting seedlings of the boughs are transplanted and managed. According to the method, the efficient good sweet cherry seedling growing technology is achieved, the grafting survival rate is more than 90%, the rooting percentage of bough cottage is more than 95%, the transplanting survival rate is more than 90%, and the seedlings are obtained within one year. The method has the advantages of being high in grafting survival rate, high in cottage rooting percentage, high in transplanting survival rate, short in seedling growing period and long in grafting duration, saving cost and the like.

The invention discloses a temperature and humidity monitoring and recording integrated device for a sweet cherry culturing greenhouse, which relates to integrated equipment for agricultural greenhouse cultivation, and comprises a power transformation unit, a signal conversion unit, a signal processing unit, a signal amplification unit, a monitoring value and set value display unit, an intelligent processing unit, a data memory cell, a control unit and an execution unit. The device carrying out multipoint remote monitoring on the temperature and humidity in a sweet cherry culturing greenhouse, so the high-precision wide-range dynamic regulation and control on temperature fields and humidity fields which are formed at different heights and different positions are realized, the stable high yield of the sweet cherry culturing greenhouse are also realized, and the economic benefit is obvious.

The invention discloses a spraying agent for winter protection of plant trees. According to the formula, the spraying agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of calcium carbonate, 5% of titanium dioxide, 2% of ethylene glycol, 13% of a cationic styrene-acrylic emulsion, 57% of water, 2% of calcium polysulfide and 1% of sheep grease. 1% of ethylicin or 1% of quintozene is used to replace calcium polysulfide to achieve the same effect. The using method comprises the following step: at the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, uniformly spraying the spraying agent by a pesticide spraying device or manually on the surface of limbs of the plant trees. The method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects of effectively preventing various fruit trees and plant trees of greening tree species such as blueberries and sweet cherries from sprouting in winter, greatly alleviating freeze injury of the plant trees, preventing and treating diseases of limbs of the plant trees, accelerating old wounds of the limbs to heal, and protecting the plant trees for three years by spraying once. Compared with conventional whitewash agents, the spraying agent has remarkable advantages.

The invention relates to a sweet cherry high spindle shape and a training and pruning method of a sweet cherry. The standardized parameters of tree framework of the sweet cherry high spindle shape are as follows: the height of tree is 2.8 to 3.0m; the height of trunk is 0.65 to 0.75m; the number of skeleton branches is 35 to 40; the angle of each skeleton branch is larger than 90 degrees; the space between every two skeleton branches is 5 to 7cm; the length of each skeleton branch is less than 1.5m; the diameter of each skeleton branch is less than 4cm; the quantity of branches per mu is 27500 to 28500; the ratio of a long branch to a medium branch to a short branch is 2 to 1 to 8. The training and pruning method comprises the four steps of culturing a strong and vigorous central leader branch, promoting the central leader branch to germinate more lateral branches in a dropping state, and promoting the lateral branches to generate buds; enabling the central leader branch to continuously sprout lateral branches, and controlling the height of tree; controlling the buds on the back of the lateral branches; controlling lateral generation. According to the sweet cherry high spindle shape provided by the invention, seedlings are planted and high-yield tree shapes are built within three years, the branch distribution is reasonable, the density is moderate, ventilation and transmittance among rows of tree are good. Early-fruiting and high-yield are realized.

The invention relates to the field of seed treatment and provides a method for increasing the germination rate of sweet cherry seeds. According to the method, a technical means of breaking dormancy by combining low temperature with dehulling is adopted to facilitate cracking of nuclear shells, increase the permeability of seed husks and be conductive to decomposition or transformation of inhibiting substances in the seed husks. The mechanically deshelled seeds break the impedance of the nuclear husks and are then subjected to low temperature processing, so that the generation rate is greatly increased. The method is high in operability, free of removal of the seed husks, applicable to massive processing, little affected by external influences, high in germination velocity and free of use of hormone drugs, such as gibberellins; the germination rate can reach over 95%; the germination rate can be increased by 50% to 80% compared with that of an existing processing method adopting stacking sand stratification; the emergence rate can reach over 90%.

The present invention relates to fruit preservative, and is especially production process of sweet cherry preservative. The sweet cherry preservative is produced with ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite, zinc oxide, etc as well as zeolite as carrier, and through mixing, crushing, sieving, adding small amount of water and pelletizing. The sweet cherry preservative can regulate oxygen and CO2 concentration around fruit product, lower ethylene content, suppress breath of fruit and delay post maturation so as to reach preservation aim.

The invention discloses a tissue culture rapid propagation method for wild sweet cherry trees. The method comprises the following steps: S1, explant cutting; S2, explant sterilization; S3, induction culture, that is a sterilized stem with buds is inoculated in an induction culture medium for cultivation, and then an axillary bud can be induced to sprout; S4, successive transfer culture, that is a sprouting axillary bud is inoculated in a successive transfer culture medium for cultivation, and then a cluster bud can be induced to generate; S5, rooting culture, that is the cluster bud which is cut is inoculated in a rooting culture medium for cultivation so as to be induced to root; S6, hardening-seedling transplantation. According to the invention, a sterile seedling of local wild sweet cherry in Nanjiang County, Bazhong City of Sichuan Province can be obtained successfully through the way of tissue culture propagation, a tissue culture rapid propagation is established, a great amount of sterile offsprings can be obtained in a short time, and not only can the indigenous excellent properties of a female parent be kept, but also the plant diseases and insect pests can be reduced, so that base material is provided for realizing large-scale industrialized production of wild sweet cherry.

The invention provides a sweet cherry express and storage, fresh-keeping method, which is characterized on that it includes the following technique steps: a, picking: carry out the integration of production and storage, job lot picking at proper time; b, wrapping and pre-cooling: put the fruits after picking to packing chest with storage fresh-keeping bags and pre-cool them in cooling plant with the temperature of 0+ / -1 DEG C; or transfer the fruits after picking by packing chests to CA plant to storage, bundle the pocket opening tightly before storage and with MA wrapper during the transit after storage; or put the fruits stored in CA plant into MA fresh-keeping bags before warehouse-out, and then bundle the bags; e, sale: take them into marketing channel and consumer family with MA bags; said method is characterized on: easy usage, long shelf life, good effect of fresh-keeping, and could meet the requirements of storing and transferring green foodstuff.

The invention relates to a method for rain sheltering, sun shading and bird prevention during sweet cherry plantation in warm southern regions. Pergolas used in the method are usually cement columns arranged in rows that are at intervals in the longitudinal direction; lower parts of the cement columns are buried in the ground; surrounding pull-down strings of the columns are fixed via ground anchors; a steel tube is placed on the cement columns in each row; an arch with two downward bent ends is placed on each two longitudinal cement columns, to form a top frame; the two ends of the bent tube are located on steel tubes of pergola shoulders; longitudinal double-pull rods are connected and fixed; plastic films are longitudinally laid on the pergola frame to cover the whole pergola frame; film pressing wires outside the films are fixed on steel strands on both sides and the arches; two longitudinal sides of the plastic films are connected to winding bars; the winding bars are connected to a film winding device; the film winding device winds the plastic films around the winding bars; the plastic films can be wound with the winding bars to the 1 / 2 position of the pergola frame; and the degree to which the plastic films are folded or unfolded on the pergola frame is controlled by the film winding device. According to the present invention, a single pergola play a comprehensive role of rain sheltering, sun shading and bird prevention, thereby greatly reducing facility costs and labors.

The invention discloses a method for planting organic whiteheart cherry and bacteria solution used thereby, and mainly relates to a method for planting the organic whiteheart cherry by microecology technology and preparation of the bacteria solution used thereby. More particularly, the bacteria solution is prepared by various stock solutions which comprise white muscardine fungi, cordyceps sinensis sacc, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis and prepared nutritive water. The bacteria solution can be either taken as pesticide, or as organic fertilizer, and can be prepared into spraying liquid, irrigating liquid and root irrigating liquid for use. Under the normal conditions, the bacteria solution is only needed to be sprayed regularly and ensure the organic whiteheart cherry to reach the requirements of OFDC standard. The invention has the characteristics of ecological protection, sustainable development, low labor cost and the like, and achieves the maximum economic benefit. The method is little in energy consumption and equipment investment, convenient in strain purchase, low in price and easy to learn and operate. Furthermore, under the condition of overmaturation, the cherry can be made into whiteheart cherry wine with top grade by being collected without being added with other substances, directly crushed and processed by anaerobic fermentation, squeezed and filtered.

The invention relates to the field of cross breeding of plants and particularly relates to an interspecific hybrid embryo rescuing and seedling forming method of sweet cherries in southern China and Chinese cherries. The method combines advantages of European sweet cherries and the Chinese cherries, and takes the 'European sweet cherries' as a female parent and the 'Chinese cherries' as a male parent to carry out interspecific distant hybridization. Aiming at the abortion problem of a distant hybrid embryo, the hybrid embryo is subjected to embryo rescuing. A proper sampling period of the embryo rescuing of each hybrid combination, concentrations and ratios of respective exogenous growth regulators for hybrid young embryo germination, subculture propagation and rooting culture, and a proper acclimatization and transplanting method are determined. By applying an interspecific hybrid embryo rescuing system of the sweet cherries in southern China and the Chinese cherries, which is established by the technology, the embryo germination rate reaches 80.00 percent, the multiplication coefficient of subculture hybridized new shoots reaches 5.0, the rooting rate of rooting culture is 90.91percent, the growth vigor of embryo culture seedlings is good and the seedlings grow robustly and have green leaves, and the acclimatization and transplanting survival rate reaches 77.27 percent.

The invention relates to a cherry preservative and fresh-keeping microbial preparation and a preparation method and application thereof. The cherry preservative and fresh-keeping microbial preparationis prepared from bacillus velezensis TA-3-BV which is preserved in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on July 17, 2020, and the preservation number is CGMCC NO. 20398. The microbial preparation disclosed by the invention can effectively inhibit mycelial growth and spore germination of pathogenic bacteria rhizopus stolonifer and effectively inhibit morbidity of soft rot of sweet cherries at the same time, after the picked cherries are soaked in bacillus velezensis TA-3-BV bacterial suspension, the fruit spoilage process can be delayed, and fruit spoilage is delayed by 2-3days. Meanwhile, through treatment of the bacillus velezensis TA-3-BV, the disease resistance and oxidation resistance of plants can be induced, the basic immunity of cherry fruits is triggered, and anew method is provided for preservation and fresh keeping of the harvested sweet cherries.

The invention discloses a sweet cherry rootstock Colt tissue culture method. The method comprises the following steps that (1) an annual sweet cherry rootstock Colt is selected for primary culture, an overwintering bud phosphorus slice of the annual sweet cherry rootstock Colt is striped off to cut and take a stem apex to be inoculated on a primary culture medium for culturing, the culture medium is made by the fact that raw materials are added into a 1 / 2 MS, and the raw materials and proportions of the raw materials are white granulated sugar of 25g, agar powder of 5g, 6-benayl aminopurine of 0.5-2.0mg, and indolebutyric acid of 0.01-0.10mg; (2) subculturing is transferred into an enrichment medium to be cultured, the enrichment medium is made by the fact that raw materials are added into a 1 / 2 MS enrichment medium of one liter, and the raw materials and proportions of the raw materials are white granulated sugar of 25g, agar powder of 5g, 6-benayl aminopurine 1.0-1.5mg, and indolebutyric acid of 0.15-0.20mg; (3) rooting culture is transferred into a rooting medium to be cultured, the rooting medium is made by the fact that raw materials are added into a 1 / 2 MS minimal medium, and the raw materials and proportions of the raw materials are white granulated sugar of 25g, agar powder of 5g, indolebutyric acid of 0.25-0.75mg; and (4) hardening-seedling and transplantation are carried out.

The invention relates to the field of mountainous cultivation for sweet cherries in southern warm and humid areas, and provides a leaf protection and fruit promotion integrating method for the sweet cherries in mountainous areas in the southern warm and humid areas. The method comprises the technical measures of selection of varieties suitable for the southern warm and humid areas, planning and facility requirements of mountainous orchards, dormancy breaking, shaping and bearing branch cultivation, natural diameter prevention for the mountainous orchards, fertilizer and water and pest and disease damage management, leaf protection in autumn and the like. Accordingly, the problems that for production of sweet cherries in the mountainous areas in the southern warm and humid areas, leaves fall early, the sweet cherries blossom but no fruit is borne, and pest and disease damage occurs frequently are effectively solved.

The invention belongs to the field of cherry planting, and particularly relates to a cultivation method capable of improving the fruit setting rate of Cerasus avium (L.) Moench.. The specific technical scheme comprises the steps: digging a final planting ditch in a planting land, applying base fertilizer into the planting ditch, covering the planting ditch with soil, transplanting seedlings of Cerasus avium (L.) Moench. into the planting ditch, applying urea, maintaining the soil moisture at 60-70%, applying urea and diammonium phosphate to the seedlings of Cerasus avium (L.) Moench. 10-15 days before germination of the seedlings of Cerasus avium (L.) Moench., and spraying a first nutrient solution in the early flowering season, wherein the first nutrient solution includes a cobalt-amino acid complex; at the full bloom stage, spraying a second nutrient solution, wherein pollen of male flowers of the same variety is added to the second nutrient solution; and supplementing the trees of Cerasus avium (L.) Moench. with nutrients at least twice in the period from the blossom falling stage to the early fruiting stage, and spraying a fruit setting liquid to leaves and young fruits at theexpansion stage of the young fruits. Cerasus avium (L.) Moench. is planted by using the method, the fruit setting rate of Cerasus avium (L.) Moench. can be improved significantly, the fruit firmness is improved, and the fruit taste is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preventing and treating of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and treating the gummosis of sweet cherries. The preventing and treating method is realized through the following scheme: (1) scientifically constructing an orchard, and planting healthy nursery stocks; (2) chemically preventing and treating the gummosis in three phases: treating the gummosis with different chemical agents at different stages; and (3) reasonably trimming trees, and protecting the trees. According to the preventing and treating method provided by the invention, the vacancy about the method for preventing and treating the gummosis of the sweet cherries in the prior art is filled; according to the growth characteristics of the sweet cherries, the gummosis is prevented and treated by different methods at different time stages, the preventing and treating effect is good, the growth potential of sweet cherry trees is enhanced, and the yield of the sweet cherries is increased; besides, a specific whitewash agent is utilized, so that the whitewash effect is good, the protecting time is long, and soil is not influenced.

The invention relates to a method for promoting branching of a central trunk of a tree-rootstock sweet cherry. The method includes the following steps: a first step, nursery stock selection; a second step, soil preparation and repairing and a nursery stock planting technique; a third step: a branching promoting technique: 1) notching buds; 2) spraying the buds with an AB branching hormone; and a fourth step: a branch opening angle technique. The problem that because the long and thin spindle-shaped or super thin spindle-shaped trimming process is not suitable for the tree-rootstock sweet cherry, and then the branching number is few, and the branching length and the branching angle are not suitable can be solved; and many buds on the central trunk of high-quality strong seedlings are notched, and the buds are sprayed with the novel AB branching hormone, and in this way, the number of branching of the central trunk is increased, the growth vigor of the new germinated shoots is even, tree body forming can be achieved early, fruit bearing is earlier, the high yield can be achieved rapidly, and establishment of a short-trunk narrow-crown tree body structure is facilitated.

The invention relates to a novel heat treatment method for picked sweet cherry, belonging to the agricultural product storage-processing field. The technology adopts a hot water spraying treatment method which comprises the following steps that: preliminarily screened out fresh fruits are washed by tap water, and are conveyed to high-temperature water at a temperature of 60 DEG C so as to carry out spraying treatment for 20s; then, the fruits undergo forced ventilation airing and are cooled down to room temperature; and the fruits undergo cold preservation at a low temperature (0 DEG C) after the treatment. The treatment is used in rot control and quality maintaining during storing and transporting picked sweet cherry, and can effectively control the occurrence of rot during fruit storage period; meanwhile, the treatment can postpone color variation of fruits; moreover, compared with the prior hot air treatment or hot water dipping treatment, the hot water spraying treatment method has higher working efficiency and is propitious to mass operation during practical production. The novel heat treatment method does not use any chemical preservative agent, and can ensure the edible safety of fruits.

The invention discloses an early high-yield sweet cherry cultivation method achieving high-density and highly-dwarfed vigorous stocks. The method comprises the steps that field planting is conducted according to the specification of 333 trees per mu in the mode that the plant spacing is 1 m, and the line spacing is 2 m, cutting back is conducted again from the end of June to the beginning of July in the same year of field planting, and branch emerging is promoted; a strong branch is selected, a 40-cm body of the strong branch is retained, 20-cm bodies of other branches are retained, cutting back is conducted to increase the branches, each tree grows out 8-15 branches with the length ranging from 0.5 m to 1.5 m after autumn, the branch quantity per mu reaches 4,000 or above, and then shaping is completed; 150 times of paclobutrazol is sprayed to a whole garden once after autumn equinox, early growth stopping is promoted, and winter freezing injuries are prevented; in spring of the second year, germination of leafage branches is promoted to form flower buds by adopting a multiple girdling method, branch pulling is not needed, the method is simple and easy to operate, and shaping can be completed in the same year of planting.

The invention provides a bending method for forming narrow crown tree forms of sweet cherry trees. The method includes the following steps that firstly, bending time is determined; secondly, the base of a branch is twisted to be damaged; thirdly, bending is carried out. The method is suitable for forming the narrow crown tree forms like a high spindle form in the 'wide line and dense plant' planting pattern of the sweet cherry trees under the weather conditions of China; the method has a good bending effect, a basal angle is formed through bending, a tip rake angle is not easily formed, and branch vigor cultivation, flower formation and fruit bearing are facilitated; meanwhile, in the tree body forming process, the growth angle of an extension head competitive branch of a center trunk can be adjusted at any time so as to keep the growth vigor of the center trunk, no branch will be missed when young trees without fruit are shaped, adverse effects on the growth of tree bodies are avoided, the growth and shaping of the tree bodies are facilitated, and the sweet cherry trees can bear ahead of time and have a high yield.

The invention provides a dormancy breaking agent for fruit trees under protected cultivation and an application method. The dormancy breaking agent is prepared from 50% by mass of cyanamide and 0.48% by mass of boron, and when in use, Bijia with a mass being 1500 times of the amount of the agent is added. The application method comprises the following steps: smearing or spraying grapes under protected cultivation with the dormancy breaking agent with an amount being 20-25 times of the amount of the fruiting branches 1 week before the temperature increases; spraying nectarines under protected cultivation with the dormancy breaking agent with an amount being 60-80 times of the amount of the branches at the day when the temperature increases or 1-2 days before and after the temperature increases; spraying sweet cherries under protected cultivation with the dormancy breaking agent with an amount being 60 times of the amount of the branches at the day when the temperature increases or 1-2 days before and after the temperature increases; spraying plums under protected cultivation with the dormancy breaking agent with an amount being 60-100 times of the amount of the branches at the day when the temperature increases or 1-2 days before and after the temperature increases. The dormancy breaking agent of the invention is easy to prepare, low in price, and safe in use, enables fruit trees to sprout and bloom earlier and orderly, can concentrate the flowering period, increases the flower amount, enables the fruit maturity period of the treated fruit trees to be earlier and uniform, and can improve fruit quality.