1246 results about "Tissue culture" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of plant breeding, and particularly discloses a metabonomics-based alfalfa stress resistance gene analysis function and a breeding method. The core of the method is that screening is carried out by combining a tissue culture technology with metabolic intervention; an alfalfa explant is inoculated into an induction culture medium containing a specific metabolic pathway regulator for metabolic intervention culture; then transferring the obtained callus to a verification culture medium containing the metabolism regulator and an abiotic adversity stress factor at the same time, and carrying out metabolism mark verification and screening; and finally regenerating the screened cell line into a complete plant. According to the method, metabolic pressure is actively applied to the cellular level, and dual verification screening is implemented, so that early-stage, efficient and accurate breeding of the stress-resistant alfalfa material is realized, and the technical problems of long period, low efficiency and insufficient utilization of metabolic information in traditional breeding are solved.

The disclosure provides seed and plants of the iceberg lettuce cultivar designated cv. NNS-2109. The disclosure thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of iceberg lettuce cv. NNS-2109, and to methods for producing a lettuce plant produced by crossing a plant of iceberg lettuce cv. NNS-2109 with itself or with another lettuce plant, such as a plant of another line. The disclosure further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The disclosure further relates to parts of a plant of iceberg lettuce line cv. NNS-2109, including the gametes of such plants.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural microorganisms, and particularly relates to rice endophytic sphingosine vector SY02 and application thereof. The preservation number of the rice endophytic sphingobium yanoikuyae SY02 provided by the invention is CCTCC (China Center For Type Culture Collection) NO: M2026182, and the sphingobium yanoikuyae SY02 has the functions of producing indoleacetic acid, promoting plant growth and seed germination, promoting adventitious bud proliferation of tissue culture seedlings and relieving browning. The sphingosine vector bacterium and the microbial agent prepared through strain fermentation have the advantages of being green, safe, efficient, long-acting and the like, and have good application prospects in the aspects of promoting plant growth and seedling breeding.

The invention discloses an application of an NtMADS21 gene in regulation and control of tobacco traits. The nucleotide sequence of the NtMADS21 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1. The invention also discloses an application of the NtMADS21 gene in regulation and control of tobacco traits. Through overexpression of the NtMADS21 gene, it is found that the NtMADS21 gene can synergistically improve the plant type and the tissue culture character of tobacco, specifically, the plant height is reduced, the number of leaves is increased to shape an ideal plant type, the leaf callus induction capacity is remarkably improved to 78.5%, in addition, the NtMADS21 gene has the effect of delaying flowering, and the yield of tobacco is increased. The invention provides a key gene resource integrating various excellent characters for genetic improvement and efficient breeding of tobacco.

The invention specifically discloses a salix cheilophila in-situ genetic transformation method independent of a tissue culture system, and belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering. According to the method, semi-lignified branches of salix cheilophila are taken as receptors, vacuumizing treatment is performed by utilizing agrobacterium rhizogenes infection liquid, hairy roots are directly induced under a water culture condition after short-term dark culture, and positive identification is performed through reporter genes. According to the method, tedious sterile tissue culture operation is completely avoided, the transformation period is shortened to about 22 days, and the technical threshold and the time cost are remarkably reduced. By adopting the system, the positive rate can reach 54.33% when the pBI121 vector is used for transformation, and the efficiency is remarkably improved compared with that of an existing method. The method provides an efficient and reliable technical platform for root system gene function research, expression analysis and genetic improvement of salix cheilophila and related species thereof, and has high application potential.

The invention provides a method for extracting ginseng tissue culture adventitious root saponin by a eutectic solvent synergistic biological enzymolysis technology, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding ginseng tissue culture adventitious root dry powder into water, adding compound enzyme, heating, adjusting the pH value of the solution, and carrying out biological enzymolysis; after the enzymolysis is finished, performing enzyme deactivation and centrifugation to obtain supernate A and precipitate; (2) adding an eutectic solvent into the precipitate, and performing ultrasonic extraction and centrifugation to obtain supernate B; and (3) combining the supernate A and the supernate B, and freeze-drying to obtain the ginseng tissue culture adventitious root saponin. According to the method, the biological enzymolysis technology and the eutectic solvent extraction technology are combined, the content of total saponins in the ginseng tissue culture adventitious root extract is increased, and meanwhile the content of Rg3, Rg5 and Rh2 rare ginsenosides in the ginseng tissue culture adventitious root extract is also increased. The invention belongs to the technical field of plant component extraction.

The invention provides seeds and plants of spinach hybrid SVVB2741. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds, plant parts, and tissue cultures of spinach hybrid SVVB2741 and to methods for producing a spinach plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another plant, such as a spinach plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to plants, seeds, plant parts, and tissue cultures of spinach hybrid SVVB2741 comprising introduced beneficial or desirable traits.

The invention relates to the technical field of forestry machinery, in particular to planting equipment for transplanting tilia amurensis tissue culture seedlings, which comprises a moving trolley, a guide rod, adjusting frames, lifting frames, a material frame, a planting hopper and the like, the guide rod is connected to the middle of the front side of the moving trolley, the adjusting frames are symmetrically connected to the guide rod in a sliding manner, and the lifting frames are connected to the adjusting frames in a sliding manner; a material frame is installed on the lifting frame, two planting hoppers are arranged at the positions, corresponding to the position under the material frame, of the lifting frame, and the two planting hoppers on the corresponding sides are designed to be closed oppositely. The downward movement of the planting hopper enables the water injection barrel to generate negative pressure and automatically suck and store water from the liquid storage barrel through the cooperation of the piston rod and the positioning block, after the planting hopper is lifted and opened to release the saplings, the water injection barrel resets to press the stored clear water into the material frame and irrigate the clear water to the roots of the saplings, and the design integrates the two procedures of planting and irrigation into one and automatically completes the two procedures. And water can be immediately supplemented after planting.

The invention provides seeds and plants of pepper hybrid SVPH8928, pepper line SLR-8T20-6755, and pepper line SLR-8T18-6570. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds, plant parts, and tissue cultures of pepper hybrid SVPH8928, pepper line SLR-8T20-6755, and pepper line SLR-8T18-6570 and to methods for producing a pepper plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another plant, such as a pepper plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to plants, seeds, plant parts, and tissue cultures of pepper hybrid pepper hybrid SVPH8928, pepper line SLR-8T20-6755, and pepper line SLR-8T18-6570 comprising introduced beneficial or desirable traits.

The invention discloses a method for in-vitro preservation of common wild rice and Nwa wild rice, and belongs to the technical field of plant tissue culture. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a stem node with an axillary bud as an explant; soaking in 75% alcohol for 10-15 seconds, soaking in 10% 84 disinfectant for 15 minutes, performing vacuum treatment in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution under-0.1 Mpa for 5 minutes, and performing water bath at 40 DEG C for 20 minutes for combined sterilization; inserting the sterilized explant into a bud differentiation culture medium containing 2mg / L KT and 0.1 mg / L NAA, and culturing for 3-5 days under the conditions that the temperature is 23 DEG C and illumination is performed for 16 hours per day; cutting off buds growing to 3-5cm, and transferring the buds into a rooting culture medium; (5) carrying out test-tube plantlet propagation through stem node shearing or tillering cutting; the tissue culture seedlings with well developed root systems are hardened and then transplanted to a mixture of vermiculite and nutrient soil (v / v = 1 / 1). According to the method, the pollution rate is as low as 16.35%, the differentiation rate of the explant reaches 47.36%, the process is simple, convenient and efficient, the production period is short, the seed quality resources of common wild rice and Nilval wild rice can be effectively preserved, and the method has important significance on protection of precious wild rice resources.

The invention discloses a lilium brownii tissue culture process, which comprises the following steps: selecting a newly-grown and tender lilium brownii stem section part, cutting off the stem section part as an explant, inoculating the explant into an inoculation culture medium for inoculation culture, and carrying out induction starting culture on the explant / lateral bud obtained after inoculation culture; the method has the advantages that adventitious bud induction can be effectively carried out on the lilium brownii, the rapid propagation rate reaches 2.0-2.5, the seedling rate of strong seedling culture reaches 65%, and the rooting rate reaches 71.4%, so that the lilium brownii can adapt to large-scale production and follow up the market demand.

The invention discloses a culture medium composition and a culture method for in-vitro rapid propagation culture of hippeastrum hippeastrum, and belongs to the technical field of plant tissue culture. The adenine, the rhizoma polygonati and the wormwood extract are added into the hippeastrum striatum in-vitro rapid propagation culture medium for the first time, and the culture medium combination for hippeastrum striatum in-vitro rapid propagation culture is developed. The hippeastrum hippeastrum in-vitro rapid propagation culture method established on the basis of the culture medium combination can be used for in-vitro rapid propagation culture of different varieties of hippeastrum hippeastrum, the germination rate of primary culture in the hippeastrum hippeastrum in-vitro rapid propagation culture can be increased, and the differentiation coefficient and the seedling formation coefficient in the hippeastrum hippeastrum tissue culture process can be increased. The efficient and stable hippeastrum striatum in-vitro rapid propagation method established by the invention lays a technical foundation for accelerating a hippeastrum striatum breeding process and commercialized production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant tissue culture, and particularly discloses a culture medium for inhibiting browning of fructus amomi explants, the pH value of the culture medium is 5.0-6.0, the culture medium contains KNO3, NH4NO3, KH2PO4, MgSO4. 7H2O, CaCl2. 2H2O, MnSO4. 4H2O, ZnSO4. 7H2O, H3BO3, VB1, VB6, VB5, soybean mash filtrate, salicylic acid and the like, the formula of the culture medium aims at solving the problem of tissue culture browning of fructus amomi, and extremely low ammonium, organic nitrogen synergism and microelement regulation are adopted. By adopting the culture medium, the browning rate in the villous amomum fruit tissue culture process can be effectively inhibited, the seedling quality and the production efficiency are remarkably improved, the seedling culture period and the seedling culture cost can be greatly reduced in the villous amomum fruit seedling rapid propagation culture process, and a technical guarantee is provided for commercial seedling supply.

The invention discloses a high-yield and high-activity pear protoplast extraction method based on light shielding and enzymolysis optimization, which comprises the following steps: by taking pear tissue culture seedling leaves growing for 30-40 days or field pear tender leaves as an extraction material, carrying out enzymolysis treatment and protoplast purification by adopting enzymatic hydrolysate to obtain protoplast; before enzymolysis of the pear tissue culture seedlings, the whole pear tissue culture seedlings are placed in a dark environment and subjected to dark pretreatment at 25 + / -2 DEG C for 48-72 hours. According to the method, the yield of the field pear leaf and tissue culture seedling pear leaf protoplast can be increased by more than or equal to 2 times (the highest protoplast yield is greater than or equal to 3.0 * 10 / g FW), the activity is increased to be greater than or equal to 95%, and the technical bottleneck of the existing patent is remarkably broken through. The method has the advantages of high yield, high activity, wide application range and the like, can provide a high-quality protoplast material for pear genetic regeneration, gene editing, single cell transcriptome analysis and metabonomics research, and has wide scientific research and industrial application potential.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant tissue culture, and particularly relates to a tissue culture and rapid propagation method for chamaecyparis obscura. Comprising the following steps: carrying out variable-temperature static electricity treatment on Arborvitae branches in North America; preparing composite particles for promoting seedling strengthening; carrying out induction culture and proliferation seedling strengthening on the explants subjected to variable-temperature electrostatic treatment; performing rooting culture on the compound strong seedlings, and performing acclimatization and transplanting. The method comprises the following steps: screening formulas of a sterilization mode, an induction culture medium, a proliferation culture medium, a strong seedling culture medium and a rooting culture medium, taking current-year branches of North America arborvitae as explants, sterilizing, sequentially putting the explants into the induction culture medium, the proliferation culture medium, the strong seedling culture medium and the rooting culture medium for culturing, and regulating and controlling optimal culture conditions, so as to obtain the explants. The germination induction rate of the explant is up to 92% or above, the multiplication coefficient is 5.0 or above, the rooting rate is 85% or above, the transplanting survival rate is 87% or above, a basis can be provided for large-scale propagation and variety improvement of North America juniperus seedlings, and the method has important value for fully developing North America juniperus resources.

The invention provides a culture method and an acclimatization and transplantation method for coptis chinensis test-tube plantlets, and belongs to the technical field of plant tissue culture. The method comprises the following steps: (1) disinfecting a coptis chinensis explant, inoculating the disinfected coptis chinensis explant into an MS basal culture medium, and culturing to obtain a sterile seedling; (2) inoculating the aseptic seedlings into an adventitious bud culture medium for adventitious bud culture to obtain adventitious buds; (3) inoculating the adventitious buds into a proliferation culture medium for proliferation culture to obtain proliferation seedlings; and (4) inoculating the proliferation seedlings into a rooting culture medium for rooting culture to obtain the coptis chinensis test-tube plantlets. When the adventitious bud, proliferation and rooting culture medium is used for culturing the coptis chinensis test-tube plantlet, the proliferation coefficient of the test-tube plantlet reaches 3.0, the rooting rate reaches 96.3%, and the survival rate of acclimatization and transplantation reaches 91.5% through seedling acclimatization and transplantation. The culture method provided by the invention is used for preserving the germplasm resources of the coptis chinensis, and provides a basic guarantee for the germplasm improvement of the subsequent medicinal material coptis chinensis.

The invention discloses a method for inducing proliferation of paphiopedilum protocorm-like bodies by using oryzalin. Comprising the following steps: enabling paphiopedilum seeds to germinate in a germination culture medium to form buds; the buds are soaked and induced in the dark for 6-36 h, and an induction culture medium is a 1 / 2 MS liquid culture medium containing 0.5-5 mg / L of 2, 4-D, 0.05-1 mg / L of TDZ, 5-20 [mu] mol / L of oryzalin and 2% of dimethyl sulfoxide; inoculating the induced buds into a culture medium which does not contain oryzalin for culturing; carrying out proliferation culture on the protocorm-like body; carrying out differentiation culture on the protocorm-like body cluster; rooting and seedling strengthening culture; and transplanting rooted seedlings. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the sterile seeding buds of the paphiopedilum brevicornum protospecies are taken as the explants, the protocorm-like bodies are successfully induced, and the induction effect is remarkable. The research on differentiation, rooting, seedling strengthening and transplanting maintenance is systematically carried out, and a set of tissue culture and efficient rapid propagation technical system for paphiopedilum leucopeniculatum, which is low in cost, simple and convenient to operate and high in application value, is formed.

The application discloses application of SbWOX gene and SbBBM gene in corn breeding and a corn genetic transformation method, and relates to a bioengineering technology.The application provides a nucleic acid molecule with co-expression of SbWOX protein gene and SbBBM protein gene, and corresponding gene co-expression vectors and microbial transformants.The application also provides application of the co-expression of the SbWOX gene and the SbBBM gene in the corn genetic transformation method.The application obtains corresponding genes and mutant proteins based on the SbWOX gene and the SbBBM gene of sorghum, the two genes are co-expressed in the corn genetic transformation process, even without adding plant growth hormones in the antibiotic screening medium in the tissue culture process, the plant genetic transformation process can be normally completed, and the transformation efficiency and the regeneration efficiency of the corn can be remarkably improved, the transformation rate reaches 10.42%, and the differentiation rate reaches 32.89%.

The invention provides a cydonia oblonga primary and subculture tissue culture method, and belongs to the technical field of plant biology. According to the hormone combination ratio provided by the invention, the two core problems of low propagation coefficient and high seedling disease-carrying rate in the traditional propagation of the quince are fundamentally solved, and the propagation coefficient is stabilized by 10 times. The method has the advantages of being clear in process, high in repeatability, low in pollution rate, high in multiplication coefficient, robust in seedlings and the like, and an efficient and reliable technical means is provided for germplasm resource preservation and industrial development of quince.

The invention belongs to the field of plant tissue culture, and particularly relates to a method for promoting accumulation of camptothecin by overexpressing tryptophan synthetase. The invention provides a method for promoting camptothecin accumulation of camptotheca acuminate cells, which comprises the following steps: constructing camptotheca acuminate cells overexpressing tryptophan synthetase genes, performing tissue culture amplification, and extracting camptothecin from the amplified camptotheca acuminate cells. The method for overexpressing the tryptophan synthetase gene is superior to a method for directly adding tryptophan into a culture medium, and the camptothecin yield can be increased by 2.33 times.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant tissue culture, and particularly relates to a rapid tissue propagation method for radix ranunculi ternati. The rapid propagation method for the radix ranunculi ternati tissue comprises the following steps: (1) seed selection and disinfection: selecting vigorous seeds, cleaning the seeds, soaking the seeds with mercury bichloride, disinfecting the seeds with alcohol, and finally washing the seeds with sterile water; (2) preparing a primary induction culture medium: preparing the primary induction culture medium; (3) seed induction and proliferation: inoculating the disinfected seeds on a primary induction culture medium, and culturing; after 4-6 weeks of culture, the seeds germinate into plantlets; transferring the plantlets to a subculture induction medium for multiplication culture, and subculturing once every 3-4 weeks; (4) rooting culture: transferring the proliferation seedlings to a rooting culture medium, and culturing for 2-3 weeks until the adventitious buds can root to form complete plants; and (5) seedling hardening and transplanting. The method can improve the rooting rate and shorten the propagation time at the same time.

The application discloses a culture medium for tissue culture of Limosella australis, which comprises a primary culture medium, a proliferation and differentiation culture medium and a rooting culture medium. The primary culture medium is MS+6BA 0.4-0.6 mg / L+NAA 0.04-0.06 mg / L+AC 0.8-1.2 mg / L+2,4-D 0.04-0.06 mg / L. The proliferation and differentiation culture medium is modified MS+6BA 0.09-0.11 mg / L+NAA 0.04-0.06 mg / L+AC 1.5-2.5 mg / L. The rooting culture medium is 1 / 2MS+IAA 0.09-0.11 mg / L+AC 2.5-3.5 mg / L. The technical scheme has the highest callus induction rate of 86.7%, the highest differentiation rate of 86.7% and the highest rooting rate of 93.3%.

The invention provides an open type tissue culture method for plica rugosa, which comprises the following steps: S1, performing disinfection treatment on a plica rugosa explant to obtain a pretreated explant; s2, the pretreated explant is inserted into a first modified MS culture medium for first-stage culture, and a first-stage explant is obtained; s3, transferring the first-stage explant into a second modified MS culture medium for second-stage culture to obtain a second-stage explant; s4, transferring the second-stage explant into a third modified MS culture medium for third-stage culture to obtain a primary seedling. According to the method, cell-free fermentation filtrate and PPM are sequentially and progressively added into a three-stage modified MS culture medium, so that high-efficiency culture of the explant of the plica rugosa in an open environment is realized, the pollution rate and the browning degree are reduced, meanwhile, healing of the explant, adventitious bud differentiation and root primordium formation are promoted, and the seedling rate of open tissue culture of the plica rugosa is increased.

The invention discloses a radix paeoniae alba stem tip tissue culture and rapid propagation culture medium and a culture method, and belongs to the technical field of plant propagation. The method comprises the following steps: taking a stem tip of white peony root as an explant, carrying out surface disinfection on the explant, generating a callus through the action of an induction culture medium, transferring the callus into a subculture medium, subculturing for 4-5 times, differentiating to generate buds, respectively transferring the buds into a proliferation culture medium when the buds grow to about 2cm, culturing for 35 days, and inducing to generate most cluster buds, and cultivating a complete plant through a rooting culture medium. The culture medium formula provided by the invention can induce and differentiate stem tips of the radix paeoniae alba to generate a plurality of plants, and can be used for detoxification culture and rapid propagation of the radix paeoniae alba.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant tissue culture, and particularly discloses a culture medium for inhibiting browning of paris polyphylla explants, and the culture medium is prepared from the following components: 450 to 1300 mg / L of KNO3, 350 to 1220 mg / L of NH4NO3, 50 to 240 mg / L of KH2PO4, 135 to 560 mg / L of MgSO4. 7H2O, 220 to 920 mg / L of CaCl2. 2H2O, 15.2 to 30.5 mg / L of MnSO4. 4H2O, 500 to 5000 mg / L of sodium bentonite and the like. The phyllosilicate structure is utilized to efficiently adsorb phenolic substances, and the enzymatic browning chain reaction is blocked; meanwhile, high calcium salt concentration is maintained to enhance the stability of cell membranes and inhibit exosmosis of phenolic substances. By adopting the culture medium disclosed by the invention, browning can be effectively inhibited, the seedling quality and the production efficiency can be remarkably improved, the seedling culture period and the seedling culture cost can be greatly reduced in the rapid propagation culture process of the paris polyphylla seedlings, and a technical guarantee is provided for commercial seedling supply.

The invention discloses an inflorescence gene silencing method which comprises the following steps: firstly, synthesizing a specific nucleotide fragment according to a target gene, and constructing the specific nucleotide fragment to a plant virus vector; introducing the constructed plant virus vector and the corresponding helper plasmid into the inflorescence; soaking the inflorescence in a metal chelating agent salt solution; and finally, screening to obtain plants with inflorescences subjected to target gene silencing. The chrysanthemum capitulum is selected as an infection object, the silencing method is optimized, the target gene silencing efficiency is remarkably improved, the phenotype detection period after infection is remarkably shortened, and the method is efficient, convenient and high in operability. Meanwhile, the method can effectively avoid the cross protection phenomenon of plants, overcomes the obstacle of limited transmission range of viral vectors, does not need to consider the problems of death and growth cycle of tissue culture seedlings or seedlings after infection, and provides a feasible means for rapid identification of chrysanthemum gene functions and large-scale development of chrysanthemum gene function research.

The invention relates to the technical field of seedling raising, and discloses an efficient tissue culture and rapid propagation seedling raising method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge, which comprises the following steps: selecting and pretreating explants, selecting current-year robust branches of the xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge, cutting stem segments with axillary buds as the explants, cleaning, trimming and disinfecting the explants, performing surface disinfection on the pretreated explants, and performing tissue culture and rapid propagation seedling raising on the pretreated explants to obtain the xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge. When the Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is subjected to efficient tissue culture and rapid propagation seedling culture, an operation standard considering thorough sterilization and tissue activity protection is established by standardizing an explant selection standard and executing a step-by-step surface disinfection procedure, so that the microbial contamination rate caused by incomplete disinfection of the explant can be reduced, meanwhile, tissue activity damage caused by excessive disinfection is reduced, and the survival rate of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is improved. Therefore, sufficient and healthy sterile initial materials are guaranteed to be obtained, the problems of high primary culture pollution rate and induction starting failure are solved, and a reliable foundation is laid for establishment of a whole tissue culture and rapid propagation system.

According to the disclosure, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH010472. The disclosure thus relates to the plants, seeds, and tissue cultures of the variety CH010472, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH010472 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The disclosure further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH010472.

The application belongs to the technical field of woody plant asexual propagation, and particularly relates to a method for establishing a tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Eucommia ulmoides stem segments. The method comprises the following steps: disinfecting Eucommia ulmoides seeds, obtaining sterile Eucommia ulmoides tissue culture seedlings through seed germination induction, cutting stems of the sterile Eucommia ulmoides tissue culture seedlings into stem segments with a length of 0.5 cm to 1 cm, inoculating the stem segments into an adventitious bud induction medium to perform adventitious bud induction culture, forming clustered adventitious buds after 20 days of the adventitious bud induction culture, separating the clustered adventitious buds into multiple individual adventitious buds, and transferring the individual adventitious buds into a rooting medium to perform rooting and seedling strengthening culture, forming a large number of adventitious roots after 10 days of the rooting and seedling strengthening culture, and obtaining complete regenerated Eucommia ulmoides plants. The method for establishing the tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Eucommia ulmoides stem segments has the advantages of short rapid propagation cycle, high rapid propagation efficiency, no seasonality limitation, good excellent traits maintenance, small space occupation, and virus removal.