226 results about "Postharvest" patented technology

The invention provides a comprehensive utilization method for planting edible fungi and producing artificial grass peat by using waste cabo generated in a tobacco threshing redrying plant as main raw materials. Raw materials forming culture materials are as follows: 60-100 parts of cabo and 1-5 parts of lime or / and plaster; and 1-40 parts of accessories also can be added. A bag cultivation methodis perfectly selected for a planting process, comprising the steps of dosing, bagging, sterilizing, inoculating, culturing and the like. After the harvest, waste residue of the culture materials containing the cabo is directly crushed to be in a puffy fiber, scrap, or powder state , or is crushed after being fermented and decomposed, and then is dried to obtain the artificial grass peat product. The artificial grass peat is mixed with packing materials such as perlite, roseite and the like to obtain plant culture substrate. The invention has centralized and stable raw materials so as to be beneficial to the massive production; the production cost is 1 / 3 lower than the common method; the planted edible fungi is large and thick, green and safe; and the artificial grass peat is prepared by the waste residue so as to realize high-efficiency comprehensive utilization of the waste cabo.

The invention relates to a system and a method for remote breeding of crops by Internet users, so that the Internet users can rent one or a plurality of piece(s) of land from a networked farmland through the Internet or rent one or a plurality of area(s) from a networked breeding land through the Internet, and then remotely cultivate crops or breed animals in the farmland or the breeding land. The mature crops or animals can be provided for the users by the farmland or the breeding land during harvest according to the modes set by the users. Therefore, the Internet users can eat the crop products obtained according to the favorite breeding modes.

The invention discloses a saline-alkali land improving and fertilizing agent and a preparation method thereof. The saline-alkali land improving and fertilizing agent are mainly prepared from 20 to 40 portions of fly ash, 10 to 20 portions of humic acid and 5 to 10 portions of organic substance through processes of crushing, matching and mixing, granulating, drying, cooling, sieving, magnetizing and the like. Compared with the prior art, a product of the invention has the advantages of short period for improving the saline-alkali land, high efficiency and low cost; if 50 kilograms of product is applied to each acre as base fertilizer, the seedling emergence rate of planted crops can reach 98 percent, for example, 406 kilograms of wheat is harvested in each acre and is equal to the planting harvest of the normal soil, and after the harvest, the salt content of the soil is 0.55 percent and the desalination rate reaches 47 percent through soil measurement, so that the soil granule structure is improved; and the product can reduce the salt and restrain the alkali, is soil improvement agent, also can be used as fertilizer, reduces the planting cost, has the same using method as a common fertilizer when the product is used as the fertilizer, has remarkable fertilizer efficiency in saline-alkali and poor soil, and can increase the yield by 10 to 30 percent relative to different crops compared with the used common fertilizer. Therefore, the saline-alkali land improving and fertilizing agent not only can improve the soil granule structure, but also can accelerate the improvement of soil desalination; meanwhile, the saline-alkali land improving and fertilizing agent is fertilizer, greatly reduces the planting cost of peasants, and improves the planting income of the peasants.

The invention discloses compositions for the preservation of fruits, vegetables, partially processed products, other produce and followers. The compositions comprise at least one phospholipase D inhibitor, at least one compound comprising an isoprene subunit, at least one component of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in a suitable medium. The composition of the present invention may additionally comprise one or more plant growth regulators of the cytokinin type, one or more antioxidants, a membrane stabilizing agent, a surfactant, or any combination thereof. The composition may be applied to produce as a spray, drench, dip, or a vapour and at either the pre-harvest stage or post-harvest stage.

The invention relates to an in-situ composting method and device of crop straws, belonging to the research field of agricultural environment protection. The method comprises the following steps: grinding harvested straws in an improved straw grinder or kneading in a straw kneader; adding calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate or urea based on the weight percent of the straws; composting and fermenting at high temperature; and turning until the temperature rises to above 65 DEG C. Feeding equipment is added at the front end of the grinding device of the grinder, so that the grinder can adapt to feed, crush and grind creeper or thick-stem vegetable residuals, thus reducing nitrogen losses, thoroughly eliminating pathogenic organisms carried by the straws in the process of composting the vegetable straws, and greatly quickening warming, softening and decomposing processes of the straws. The key technology and the device are provided for effectively treating and utilizing the straws in time, thus providing technological support for forbidding firing and discarding the straws and recycling the straws.

Methods for providing transgenic plants and parts hereof that, relative to the wild type state, is modified in a complex cell wall polysaccharide structure including pectins and hemicelluloses, the modification being in the overall glycosidic linkage pattern or the monosaccharide profile, comprising transforming a plant cell with a nucleotide sequence that causes an altered production of a complex cell wall polysaccharide-modifying enzyme such as endo-rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase, an endo-rhamnogalacturonan lyase, an endo-galactanase, an endo-arabinanase, an arabinofuranosidase, a galactosidase such as a beta-galactosidase, a xylosidase and an exo-galacturosidase. The modification can occur in vivo or post harvest, in which latter case the modifying enzyme is separated in the growing plant from its substrate, e.g. by targeting the enzyme to the Golgi, the endoplasmic reticulum or a vacuole, or is in a form that is inactive in the plant. After harvest the enzyme is brought into contact with its substrate or it is activated to provide the desired post harvest modification of the cell wall polysaccharide. The transgenic plant materials have improved functionalities and are useful in food and feed manufacturing and as pharmaceutically or medically active substances.

The invention relates to a method for preventing and curing vegetable soil continuous cropping obstacle by crop straw, comprising the following operating steps: 1, after vegetable is harvested, plowing soil; 2, spreading one layer of dry crop straws on plowed soil, wherein straw use level is characterized in that 80-150 kg of crop straws are spread on the soil with the area of 5m<2>; 3, covering soil near the periphery plough layer out of soil spread with the straws on the straws, and causing straws in the periphery to expose outwards; 4, igniting straws which expose outwards to burn the straws; and 5, cleaning soil from the position 15 cm below the straw until upper unburned straws expose, which is favorable for straws to continue burning, and carrying out circulation operation until all straws are burnt up. The method provided by the invention has obvious production increase effect on new and old vegetable plots and especially has obvious effect on improving old vegetable plots. Because the invention disinfects soil to cause degraded soil to restore health, the method in the invention also has obvious effect on improving non-vegetable soil continuous cropping soil.

The invention discloses a non-tillage, drought-resisting and cold-resisting planting method of winter rapes in dry land. The method includes the following steps: in spring, according to requirements of non-tillage direct sowing of the winter rapes in next season, timely performing spring sowing of corn after fertilizing, deep ploughing, raking and grinding and mulch covering, and not uncovering mulches in the whole growing period of the corn; after harvesting of the corn in autumn, cleaning cornstalks, keeping the mulches, and performing no-tillage hole sowing of the winter rapes on the mulches directly; not uncovering the mulches in the whole growing period of the winter rapes, and harvesting the winter rapes in next summer. The method specifically includes (1), cleaning the cornstalks, (2), sowing, and (3), performing field management. By the method, farming time can be saved, timely sowing of the winter rapes can be realized, soil water content and land temperature after the corn is harvested and the winter rapes are sowed are improved, seedlings are orderly and uniform and grow robustly, processes are reduced, and cost is lowered.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly obtaining a large number of wheat double-haploid homozygous populations. According to the method, based on a wheat and corn double-haploid breeding technology, through the key links of wheat and corn sowing at different stages, haploid induction, transplantation and vernalization, reduplication and transplantation and winter sowing treatment, after wheat young embryos differentiate into haploid seedlings, transplantation, vernalization and haploid plant reduplication are completed in the same year without over-summer treatment, wheat double-haploid seeds can be harvested in the same year, the requirement for sowing once more can be met after the harvest on the perspective of time, a large number of stable new strains of the wheat homozygous populations can be obtained within one year, the requirement for identifying the new strains at the next stage is met, the natural environment is utilized to the maximum degree, and the time of wheat double-haploid breeding is shortened to one year from two to three years. In this way, the wheat breeding speed is increased, the breeding efficiency is improved, the breeding cycle is shortened, and the breeding cost is lowered.

The invention provides a shrimp, rice and brassica rapa continuous cropping ecological circulatory farming new mode. The shrimp, rice and brassica rapa continuous cropping ecological circulatory farming new mode is characterized in that after finish of shrimp farming and shrimping in a rice field, one-season high-quality rice is planted in an organic planting mode, one-season brassica rapa is planted after harvesting of the rice, the sowing time of brassica rapa is well adjusted to ensure that brassica rapa mosses can be harvested for 1-2 times before water cray culture on parcels of the rice field in mid-March of the next year, residues left after harvesting of the brassica rapa mosses serve as cray feeds, and residues left after eating of crays serve as green manures. According to the shrimp, rice and brassica rapa continuous cropping ecological circulatory farming new mode, the resources of shrimp and rice farming and planting field parcels are fully utilized, the problem that by adoption of a common shrimp and rice farming and planting mode, the field parcels are idle for about three months from the time after rice harvesting to the time before water supply for the field parcels of the next year is solved, the field parcel resources are fully utilized and the multiple crop index is increased. The shrimp, rice and brassica rapa continuous cropping ecological circulatory farming new mode is high in benefit, low in production cost and high in field parcel utilization ratio, forms a virtuous ecological cycle, and is a green, environment-friendly and low-carbon rice and shrimp planting and farming new mode.

The invention provides a preparation method of a thalictrum plant extract. The preparation method comprises ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction of thalictrum plant(s). Preferably, the thalictrum plant(s) are / is radix thalictri simplicis and / or radix et rhizoma thalictri. The invention further provides the thalictrum plant extract obtained according to the preparation method, and application of the thalictrum plant extract in preparation of a medicine composition used for inhibiting citrus postharvest pathogen(s). The thalictrum plant extract has a strong inhibitory effect on the citrus postharvest pathogen(s), and no chemical residue exists after the thalictrum plant extract is used for fresh citrus preservation, so that the thalictrum plant extract is harmless to health of human bodies, free from environmental pollution, and low in drug resistance causing possibility.

The present invention provides formulations and methods for preventing, suppressing, treating, or controlling pre- or post-harvest disease or decay in plants. In the inventive method, plants are contacted with a formulation including an antagonistic microorganism and a booster composition. The booster composition generally includes about 3 parts Kaolin clay, about 1 part yeast, about 1 part Yucca plant extract, and about 1 part calcium-source material. The antagonistic microorganism may be included in an amount of between about 0.02 parts and about 0.5 parts by weight of the formulation, with about 0.04 parts antagonistic microorganism being preferred in testing to date. The formulation is typically applied to the above ground structures of the plant, including its leaves, flowers, stems, trunk, blossoms and fruit.

Disclosed are peptides that induce an active plant response, but not a hypersensitive response, when applied to plant tissue. These peptides also preferably exhibit improved solubility, stability, resistance to chemical degradation, or a combination of these properties. Use of these peptides or fusion polypeptides, or DNA constructs encoding the same, for modulating plant biochemical signaling, imparting disease resistance to plants, enhancing plant growth, imparting tolerance to biotic stress, imparting tolerance and resistance to abiotic stress, imparting desiccation resistance to cuttings removed from ornamental plants, imparting post-harvest disease or post-harvest desiccation resistance to a fruit or vegetable, or enhancing the longevity of fruit or vegetable ripeness are also disclosed.

The invention provides a method for developing ecological agriculture through resource utilization of crop straws and application thereof. The method is realized by the following steps: the crop straws are smashed during or after harvesting; proper amounts of livestock excrement, urea, ammonium sulfate and the like are added for mixed stacking and fermenting; edible fungus strains are inoculated; edible fungus are planted; after the edible fungus are harvested, the stacked organic wastes are mixed with a proper amount of livestock excrement, and are applied in farm lands as high-quality organic fertilizers. Grains and vegetables are planted without polluting environment, so that the air pollution due to the smashing of the crop straws is solved, the problem of reduced soil organic matters in the farm lands is solved, the soil fertility is improved, and the development of the ecological agriculture is promoted.

The present invention relates to novel compounds and compositions and the use of them for the control of fungal and bacterial pathogens, insect pests, acari, nematodes and other invertebrate pests including, but not limited to post-harvest and soil diseases, building mold remediation, and seed and grain sanitation.

The invention provides a high-efficiency stereoscopic cultivation method for vegetables in a protected land. The protected land at winter idle time in November after Asparagus is cleared is used for interplanting autumn-delayed broccoli. Dwarf sword beans are interplanted among Asparagus rows after the broccoli is harvested in February of the next year. Therefore, three kinds of crops, i.e. the Asparagus, the broccoli and the dwarf sword beans can be produced in the same land plot. Since a stereoscopic cultivation mode of high-stem crops and dwarf crops is adopted, the land, temperature and light resources are fully utilized, the annual multi-cropping index reaches 300 percent and the planting benefits are improved; and under the nitrogen fixation effect of root nodule bacteria at the roots of the dwarf sword beans, the goal of nourishing soil by planting in the soil is realized, and the economic and the ecological benefits are remarkable.

The invention relates to a method for cultivating oyster mushrooms by using straws and cottonseed hulls. The method is characterized in that the method comprises steps of manufacturing a cultivated species, preparing a cultivation culture medium, carrying out cultivation, and carrying out an earthworm cultivation by mushroom dregs and the like. According to a formula one, the cultivation culture medium comprises 55% to 65% of corncob crushing materials, 5% of bran, 3.5% of bean pulps, 0.5% of urea, 1% of lime, and the balance being cottonseed hull crushing materials; and according to a formula two, the cultivation culture medium comprises 30-45% of rape straw crushed materials, 5% of bran, 5% of corn flour, 1% of diammonium phosphate, 1% of lime, and the balance being cottonseed hull crushed materials. According to the invention, the corn stalks, rape stalks, and cottonseed hulls are used for cultivating oyster mushrooms. The mushroom dregs after harvesting are processed by humic treatment and then earthworms are cultivated into the humic mushroom dregs; and the organic fertilizers generated by the earthworms are applied to agricultural production directly. With the method, effects of zero pollution and zero releasing are realized. Therefore, the method is a new green agricultural technology with broad application prospects.

A method for planting cassava and corn in a mixed mode includes the following steps of firstly, planting the corn in a tilled land; secondly, planting the cassava after fertilizing and hilling the corn; thirdly, conducting fertilization in the growing period of the corn and in the growing period of the cassava; fourthly, cutting down corn stalks after the corn is harvested; fifthly, hilling the cassava after fertilization; sixthly, conducting fertilization in the late growth period of the cassava. According to the method for planting the cassava and the corn in the mixed mode, the cassava and the corn are scientifically planted in a planned mode, the land with the limited area can be efficiently utilized, and more grain is produced for the society.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and particularly relates to a follow-up mulch reeling recycler, comprising a frame (45), a transmission mechanism, and a belt mulch-removing mechanism; a stripping wheel set is arranged on the belt mulch-removing mechanism and is composed of a plurality of stripping wheels (17) arranged in parallel, a reeling shaft carrier (12) is arranged at the upper portion of the belt mulch-removing mechanism and comprises a carrier body at least provided with a vertical shaft channel, a reeling shaft (11) is arranged in the shaft channel, and a mulch lifting plate set is arranged above the stripping wheels (17) of the stripping wheel set in correspondence with the stripping wheels (17). Compared with the prior art, the follow-up mulch reeling recycler is simple in structure and low in manufacture cost; particularly, mulch can be reeled evenly to a reeling shaft effectively according to the specific recycling condition of the mulch; the follow-up mulch reeling recycler is particularly suitable for recycling mulch after the harvest of autumn crops.

Disclosed are peptides that induce an active plant response, but not a hypersensitive response, when applied to plant tissue. These peptides also preferably exhibit improved solubility, stability, resistance to chemical degradation, or a combination of these properties. Use of these peptides or fusion polypeptides, or DNA constructs encoding the same, for modulating plant biochemical signaling, imparting disease resistance to plants, enhancing plant growth, imparting tolerance to biotic stress, imparting tolerance and resistance to abiotic stress, imparting desiccation resistance to cuttings removed from ornamental plants, imparting post-harvest disease or post-harvest desiccation resistance to a fruit or vegetable, or enhancing the longevity of fruit or vegetable ripeness are also disclosed.

The invention discloses a wheat scab control method. The method includes 1, preparing selenium solution; 2, on a sunny day, spraying the selenium solution with the certain concentration on wheat in flowering period for 1 to 3 times through a spray device, allowing the wheat to serve as a treatment group, and spraying water on wheat serving as a control group; 3, on a sunny day for 3 to 5 days after flowering, namely in the early filling period, spraying the selenium solution on the treatment group through the spray device for 1 to 3 times, and spraying water on the control group; 4, recording the gibberella expanding speed on panicle portions of the treatment group and control group; 5, recording the diseased panicle rates of the treatment group and control group after 21 to 25 days after flowering; 6, recording grain infection rate after harvesting. The gibberella expanding speed on the panicle portions and the grain infection rate can be decreased significantly, and the wheat nutritional value can be increased and human, animal and plant health can be promoted through proper application.

There is a disclosed methods application and use of a specific enzyme formulation preventing fungi and their proteins from forming on fruits and vegetables, to extend the shelf life of the fruits and vegetables from field (pre-harvest) to packing houses, processing operations, distribution points, shippers, retailers and consumers (post-harvest). The enzyme formula is comprised of a combination of safe, plant and vegetable based non-toxic organic enzymes and catalysts, and works by degrading and neutralizing the offending fungi, mycelium, spores and proteins on contact. The unique, proprietary enzyme formulation is applied by identified methods to include standard spray applications, atomization / fumigation, dipping, or soaking and drenching.

The invention relates to a method for increasing the utilization rate of nutrient elements after straw returning to field, comprising the following steps: reserving crop straws after harvest for strawreturning to field; broadcasting a fertilizer and a straw maturing multiple species inoculant and then performing deep ploughing, wherein the straw maturing multiple species inoculant contains trichoderma reesei, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma, white rot fungi, bacillus subtilis, dietary fiber clostridium, sporogenes dietary fiber fungi, streptomyces, bacillus aceticus and photosynthetic bacteria. According to the method, partial straw returning to field is adopted, so as to promote germination of seeds of afterreap crops and growth of seedlings, and increase favorable factors in crop allelopathic effect; by adopting combination of the fertilizer and the straw maturing multiple species inoculant after straw returning to field, the contents of alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium in soil can be increased; use of the fertilizer is reduced while ensuring yield, so as to avoid the problems of soil nutrient saturation, surplus nutrientloss and water pollution caused by excessive application of the fertilizer. The invention provides reference for existing application of straw returning to field and has important practical application value.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating peas on a natural supports. The conventional manually built support has the defects of higher cost and large amount of labour, while in the method provided by the invention, cotton plants in cotton fields are not extracted after harvesting, and peas are sown, so that the peas can climb onto the cotton plants after becoming seedlings. According to the invention, the peas are supported by the natural cotton supports after becoming seedlings; and at the same time, by applying the colonial plantation pattern, the tuft plantation of peas and the wide-row dense plantation of cotton are combined, and therefore the method has the advantages of favourableness for exertion of edge advantages of crops, improvement of light energy utilization efficiency, convenience in cultivation and management, economization of labour and support setting costs, and obvious economic benefit.

The invention relates to a temperature-changing ripening method for postharvest kiwifruit. The method comprises the following steps: taking kiwifruit hard fruits out of a refrigerator with a temperature of 0 DEG C to 2 DEG C and a relative humidity of 90%-95%, placing the kiwifruit hard fruits in a breathable fresh-keeping container, placing the kiwifruit hard fruits in a room at 10 DEG C to 15 DEG C, and naturally and slowly heating until temperature of fruit core is consistent with the room temperature for later use; transferring the fruits into a ventilated storehouse with a relative humidity of 90-95% and a storehouse temperature of 20 DEG C to 25 DEG C, rapidly heating the fruits to the storehouse temperature, and placing for ripening; rapidly reducing the temperature of the ventilated warehouse from 20 DEG C to 25 DEG C to 10 DEG C to 15 DEG C, and keeping the temperature until hardness of the fruits reaches an instant state; taking out the ripened kiwifruits from the fresh-keeping container, releasing gas such as ethylene, carbon dioxide and the like accumulated in the container, and timely discharging the kiwifruits out of the warehouse for sale or placing the kiwifruits ina warehouse with a warehouse temperature of 0 DEG C to 1 DEG C for short-term low-temperature storage. The method has a relatively stable ripening effect, can carry out mass ripening, is simple and effective to operate, and has good ripening fruit quality.

The invention relates to a line-aligning celery harvester which comprises a rack, a power device, a transmission device, a driving device, a root cutting device, a clamping conveyor, a collecting device and a handle. The power device is connected with the driving device and the clamping conveyor through the transmission device and provides power for the driving device and the clamping conveyor; the clamping conveyor comprises two conveying frames fixed side by side in front of the rack and driving wheels respectively arranged behind the conveying frames; each conveying frame is provided with a guide wheel at the front end, the guide wheel and the driving wheel on the same conveying frame are wounded with one conveying belt, and a row of tension devices capable of rotating along a mounting point under the action of force is mounted on each conveying frame; the guide wheel, the conveying belt and the tension device enclose to form a conveying channel with the width gradually decreased from front to back. By the arrangement, damage rate of celery is low, and the harvested celery can be automatically aligned.

The invention provides a new ecological and cycling cropping-breeding mode for continuous cropping of crawfish, paddy rice and precocious Chinese cabbages. The mode is characterized in that after finishing catching crawfish in the field, one-season quality rice can be planted according to an organic planting mode; after harvesting of rice, one-season precocious Chinese cabbages are planted; by adjusting the sowing period of precocious Chinese cabbages, flowering Chinese cabbages are harvested in the parcels of the field four to five times from Spring Festival to the following year; the reminders of flowering Chinese cabbages can be used as fodder for crawfish; and the reminders of crawfish that is eaten can be used as green manure. The new ecological and cycling cropping-breeding mode for continuous cropping of crawfish, paddy rice and precocious Chinese cabbages has the following beneficial effects: resources of parcels in the field can be fully used; the multiple crop index is increased while culture cost is saved; the reminders of Chinese cabbages that are eaten by crawfish can be used as organic fertilizers so that the content of organic matter in soil is improved; the cropping-breeding mode is high in benefit, low in production cost and high in utilization of parcels in the field; the ecological benign cycle is formed; and the green, eco-friendly and low-carbon cropping-breeding mode for crawfish in the field is formed.

The present invention discloses saccharomyces cerevisiae degrading zearalenone (ZEA) toxins and an application thereof, and belongs to the field of biotechnology. The optimum conditions of the saccharomyces cerevisiae for ZEA degradation are as follows: initial concentration of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 10^8 CFU / mL, pH is 6, a shaker culture temperature is 28 DEG C and a speed is 180 rpm. The saccharomyces cerevisiae can efficiently degrade ZEA toxins with a degradation rate up to 100% and can significantly inhibit the growth of ZEA toxin produced fusarium graminearum. Besides, when the initial concentration of ZEA is 5 [mu]g / mL, the degradation rate of the saccharomyces cerevisiae to the ZEA within 24 h is maximum and the saccharomyces cerevisiae can completely degrade the ZEA toxins to be non-toxic products at 48 h. The used saccharomyces cerevisiae can replace chemical fungicides and is applied in fruit postharvest disease prevention and control, avoids the hazards of the chemical fungicides on human, and has significant economic and social benefits.

The invention discloses a method of producing soil humus with crop stalks and an application. The method comprises the following steps that the crop stalks are smashed after being harvested; an appropriate amount of livestock excrement, carbamide or ammonium sulfate, manganese oxide, hydroquinone and the like are added to the crop stalks, stirred uniformly, subjected to mixed stacking, fermented, sprayed with water, covered with a film at the periphery and sealed, and subjected to stack turning frequently. The soil humus can serves as a high-quality organic fertilizer and a soil organic matter to be applied into farmland for grain and vegetable cultivation, and has no environmental pollution; air pollution due to smashing of the crop stalks is avoided; the problem that the content of the organic matter in the farmland decreases is solved; the soil fertility is increased; greenhouse gas emission of the farmland is reduced; carbon sequestration of soil is promoted; and the development on ecological agriculture is promoted.