Method for increasing utilization rate of nutrient elements after straw returning to field

A nutrient element and straw technology, applied in the field of soil improvement, can solve the problems of increasing farmers' planting costs, water pollution, and loss of excess nutrients

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-03-20
INST OF AGRI RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENT NINGXIA ACAD OF AGRI & FORESTRY SCI NINGXIA KEY LAB OF SOIL & PLANT NUTRITION
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] In addition, crop straw is rich in organic matter and inorganic nutrients. If the same fertilizer is applied as before the straw is returned to the field, it will not only increase the cost of farmers’ planting, is not conducive to increasing farmers’ income, but will also cause excessive fertilization, which will lead to saturation of soil nutrients and loss of excess nutrients. , further easily lead to water pollution and other problems, which is not conducive to sustainable development

Method used

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  • Method for increasing utilization rate of nutrient elements after straw returning to field
  • Method for increasing utilization rate of nutrient elements after straw returning to field

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0032] Example 1 Effect of corn stalk extract on germination and seedling growth of corn and wheat

[0033] 1.1 Test method

[0034] Preparation of corn stalk extract: Cut the leafy corn stalks into 1-3cm sections after natural air-drying, weigh 2kg in a container, add 20L distilled water, soak at 37 degrees Celsius for 48h, filter and place in a rotary evaporator in batches Evaporate and concentrate to 2L to obtain 1g·DW / m1 solution, then dilute respectively to obtain 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1g·DW / ml extracts for later use.

[0035] Crop seed germination test treatment: commercially available corn and wheat seeds were used as test materials, 1200 plump and active seeds were selected, and sterilized with 1% potassium permanganate solution. Randomly divided into 6 groups. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Select 50 grains of corn and wheat seeds each in a petri dish with two layers of filter paper, add 15m1 of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1g·DW / ml straw extract to each petri dish, a...

Embodiment 2

[0041] Example 2 Optimization and detection of straw decomposing bacteria agent

[0042] 2.1 Preparation of straw decomposed compound bacterial agent

[0043] Types of bacteria

The proportion of bacteria (mass ratio)

Trichoderma Reesei

10-20％

Aspergillus oryzae

3-15％

Trichoderma

5-20％

White Rot Fungus (Phanerochaete Chrysosprium)

10-20％

Bacillus subtilis

15-20％

Clostridium cellulovorans

10-20％

Sporocytophaga

3-10％

Streptomyces

10-20％

Acetobacter

5-15％

photosynthetic bacteria

5-15％

[0044] The total effective number of viable bacteria of the above-mentioned straw decomposing composite bacterial agent is 1-2×10 8 individual / mL.

[0045] The above-mentioned straw decomposing composite bacterial agent contains bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, which overcomes the problem of limited ability of a single microorganism to decompose macromolecular substances with com...

Embodiment 3

[0054] Example 3 Effect of Straw Returning on Soil Fertility Using Straw Decomposition Compound Bacteria Agent

[0055] Corn and wheat rotations are mostly used in agricultural planting, so the typical corn-wheat rotation system was taken as the research object to determine the effect of straw decomposing compound bacterial agent on soil fertility and wheat fertilization after corn straw was returned to the field.

[0056] 3.1 Test grouping

[0057] There were 5 treatments in the field experiment, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The method of returning straw to the field is to return part of the straw to the field through crushing. The traditional fertilization without straw returning was set as the control group (CK group), and the other 4 groups included: simple corn straw returning to the field + traditional fertilization group (Group A), corn straw returning to the field + corn straw decomposed compound microbial agent group (Group B) ), corn stalk returning to ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for increasing the utilization rate of nutrient elements after straw returning to field, comprising the following steps: reserving crop straws after harvest for strawreturning to field; broadcasting a fertilizer and a straw maturing multiple species inoculant and then performing deep ploughing, wherein the straw maturing multiple species inoculant contains trichoderma reesei, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma, white rot fungi, bacillus subtilis, dietary fiber clostridium, sporogenes dietary fiber fungi, streptomyces, bacillus aceticus and photosynthetic bacteria. According to the method, partial straw returning to field is adopted, so as to promote germination of seeds of afterreap crops and growth of seedlings, and increase favorable factors in crop allelopathic effect; by adopting combination of the fertilizer and the straw maturing multiple species inoculant after straw returning to field, the contents of alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium in soil can be increased; use of the fertilizer is reduced while ensuring yield, so as to avoid the problems of soil nutrient saturation, surplus nutrientloss and water pollution caused by excessive application of the fertilizer. The invention provides reference for existing application of straw returning to field and has important practical application value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a method for improving the utilization rate of nutrient elements after straw is returned to the field. Background technique [0002] my country is rich in straw resources, and the annual output of straw is about 700 million tons. Statistics show that straw is used as fuel for a large proportion, and straw burning brings great environmental hazards. Random burning leads to PM2.5, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, NH 3 , VOC, POP S , PAH and other pollutants are released in large quantities, which not only wastes resources seriously, but also causes air pollution. Straw returning to the field is an important agricultural management measure that can increase the content of soil organic matter, and the increase in the level of soil organic matter is not only an important indicator of soil fertility, but also an important indicator of how to use soil carbon sequestration to mi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C12N1/14C12N1/20C05F15/00C12R1/885C12R1/69C12R1/645C12R1/125C12R1/01C12R1/145C12R1/465C12R1/02
Inventor 张学军李锋刘晓彤罗健航赵营柯英周丽娜冒辛平张丽
Owner INST OF AGRI RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENT NINGXIA ACAD OF AGRI & FORESTRY SCI NINGXIA KEY LAB OF SOIL & PLANT NUTRITION
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