The invention discloses a machine vision based full-automatic rotation printed product defect detection device which comprises an industrial control computer, supporting facilities of the industrial control computer, an image defect detection software system, a signal transmission unit, an image collection unit, a loading manipulator system, an unloading manipulator system and a product clamping rotation system; the industrial control computer is electrically connected with the image collection unit through the signal transmission unit; the image collection unit is formed by combining an image collection processing card, a CCD industrial camera, an optical lens and a detection light source together; the signal transmission unit is formed by three parts including an I/O (input/output) card, a synchronous card and a rotary encoder; and the product clamping rotation system is mainly used for fixing a product and driving the product to rotate. The machine vision based full-automatic rotation printed product defect detection device has the characteristics of no contact, high detection precision, rapidness, accuracy, high repeatability and high automation degree, relieves the manual detection pressure, solves various problems in manual detection, improves the detection quality, and increases the detection speed.