1740 results about "Ditch" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a straw returning strip rotary tillage, ridging and pressing device which comprises a lightweight connecting frame serving as an installation foundation of the device and integrally designed to be hollowed out; the laser radar is embedded in the front end of the lightweight connecting frame and is used for scanning the advancing direction and providing topographic data; according to the device, straw returning, rotary tillage, ditching, sowing and pressing are completed at a time, integrated operation is achieved, the time consumed by multiple times of land entering operation of a traditional agricultural machine is shortened, the efficiency is improved by 30%-40%, and through laser radar terrain scanning and sensor feedback, the working efficiency is improved by 30%-40%. The rotary tillage depth, the ditching depth and the pressing pressure are automatically adjusted, the manual intervention time is shortened, terrain self-adaption is achieved, and the device has the advantages of being high in practicability and capable of achieving terrain self-adaption.

The invention relates to the technical field of earthwork compaction, and discloses a pipe ditch backfilling and tamping system based on excavator modification. The system comprises an earthwork condition dynamic sensing module which captures a bucket tooth track, a hydraulic oil cylinder pressure pulse and a soil mass vibration spectrum in real time and combines a historical database to construct a model to output a theoretical compaction degree curve; a multi-source compaction difference analysis module performs three-dimensional deviation detection on the theoretical curve and the actual settlement volume data to generate a construction grid-level compaction difference tensor; the defect area association mapping module inputs the tensor into a geological topology analysis network, generates a loose defect propagation path probability cloud chart by combining soil parameters and identifies weak sections; and the tamping strategy self-adaptive configuration module automatically sets operation parameters according to the cloud picture, activates high-precision monitoring on a high-probability defect section, and applies a dynamic excitation force test on adjacent grids, so that intelligent management and control of the backfilling and compacting process are realized.

The invention discloses tunnel deeply-buried ditch construction equipment and method.The method comprises the following steps that S1, a self-propelled inverted arch trestle is moved to a construction section, a total station is adopted for lofting an excavation sideline of a deeply-buried ditch, and the sideline is marked; s2, driving tunneling equipment into an operation area, adjusting the center line of the tunneling equipment to be aligned with the designed center line of the ditch, meanwhile, lifting a slag removal conveying belt of a bridge approach machine to a specified height, enabling a transport vehicle to be in place, and enabling the equipment to run in a no-load manner; s3, a tunneling system of the tunneling equipment is started, and the tunneling equipment is driven by the control system to conduct tunneling operation according to a preset track; s4, muck in the muck collecting system is conveyed to a transport vehicle through a conveying belt to be transported outwards; and S5, after the ditch is excavated, a base is formed at the bottom, and meanwhile a temporary protection wall is installed. According to the device, the randomness of manual operation is avoided through mechanical operation, process control is more convenient, meanwhile, procedure connection gaps are reduced through continuous construction, and the problem that the exposure time of the inverted arch is too long is effectively solved.

The invention discloses an airport high-fill soil rainfall seepage field analysis method and system. The method comprises the steps that first-level slope sections on the two sides of a branch ditch in a high-fill area are selected, and simplification assumption is conducted on an engineering structure of the first-level slope sections in combination with foundation investigation and design data; functional partition is carried out on the research area, and structured grid division is carried out on each functional partition through simulation software; based on an unsaturated soil water flow theory, selecting a mathematical model for describing a relationship between a soil water characteristic curve and a permeability coefficient, inputting physical and mechanical parameters of a filled soil body, setting boundary conditions of a seepage model, and completing construction of the seepage model; designing at least two typical rainfall working conditions; carrying out saturated-unsaturated seepage simulation, and recording dynamic change data of pore water pressure and a transient saturation region under different working conditions; and carrying out multi-dimensional quantitative analysis on a simulation result, and summarizing an association rule of rainfall parameters and a seepage field. And safe operation of airport engineering is ensured.

The invention discloses an irrigation area ditch drainage-farmland waterlogging simulation evaluation method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining meteorological and hydrological data, DEM data, drainage facility vector data and land utilization classification data of a target area; s2, generalizing a drainage system of the irrigation area, and generating nodes, drainage channels and sub catchment area. Shp files; s3, converting the. Shp file into an. Inp file, constructing a parameterized model, and performing parameter calibration and verification on the model; s4, simulating waterlogging conditions under different rainfall and channel siltation situations; s5, extracting overflow node data, and performing flood inundation analysis; and S6, generating a flood risk density map according to the overflow node data. The invention further discloses an irrigation area ditch drainage-farmland waterlogging simulation evaluation system. According to the irrigation area ditch drainage-farmland waterlogging simulation evaluation method and system disclosed by the invention, the problem that ditch drainage simulation and farmland waterlogging risk evaluation cannot be carried out under an irrigation area waterlogging disaster in the prior art is solved.

The invention discloses a field-ditch-pond extraction method based on unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and deep learning, and belongs to the technical field of remote sensing technology and agricultural informationization, and the method comprises the steps: employing an unmanned aerial vehicle to carry a multispectral camera and an optical lens, and obtaining original image data through an oblique photogrammetry technology; preprocessing the obtained original image data to generate a multispectral image map (DOM) and a digital surface model (DSM); starting from the spectrum, terrain and texture features of a small watershed field-ditch-pond system, a U-net algorithm with a built-in attention mechanism, an image segmentation model supporting zero sample learning, a multi-scale segmentation technology and a multiple extraction framework of a shape feature extraction algorithm are constructed, image segmentation, classification and interpretation are carried out, and a multi-scale image segmentation model is constructed. Fine extraction of the small watershed field-ditch-pond system is realized; the design can improve the extraction precision and efficiency under complex terrains, and is suitable for current small watershed agricultural non-point source pollution migration trajectory simulation and farmland fine management.

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering construction machinery, and discloses a canal trench ditching device, which comprises a chassis structure, a trench digging mechanism, a trench digging mechanism, a trench digging mechanism, a trench digging mechanism, a trench digging mechanism and a trench digging mechanism, wherein the chassis structure is used for realizing operation on soft and hard alternate soil layers or undulating surfaces; the rotary tillage structure is mounted at the bottom of the chassis structure and used for crushing hard soil on the surface layer and removing weeds and broken stones to form a uniform and loose plough layer; the ditching structure is mounted at the bottom of the chassis structure, is positioned behind the rotary tillage structure and is used for realizing excavation of grooves with different depths; and the tamping structure is installed at the bottom of the chassis structure and located behind the ditching structure, comprises a soil shifting shovel for leveling soil discharged from the two sides of the ditching structure, and tamps the bottom of the groove and the side slope through vibration compaction of a plane tamping plate and a slope tamping plate. By integrating the self-adaptive terrain adjusting system and the combined type grooving mechanism, topographic relief and soil states can be monitored in real time, the ditching depth, gradient and section form can be dynamically adjusted, and one-time forming of a groove is ensured.

The invention discloses an agricultural small-watershed integrated water and soil loss prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps of: performing source reduction in a slope cropland area with the gradient of more than 6 degrees to control a slope cropland erosion source so as to treat surface erosion and runoff expansion; process blocking and control are conducted from the middle upstream area to the middle downstream area, and sediment migration is blocked and the confluence speed is adjusted through linkage of the grading ditch system and the sedimentation and storage facility; tail end purification is carried out in a drainage basin outlet area, water quality is purified through ecological engineering measures, and a drainage basin outlet is stabilized; the technical problems that in the prior art, comprehensive prevention and control means starting from the whole drainage basin are lacked, traditional measures have obvious defects in the aspects of function coupling, space coordination and ecological restoration capacity, and the dual requirements of current agricultural green development and ecological environment protection are difficult to meet are solved.

A coal mine tunnel ditch cleaning system relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel cleaning and comprises a walking system used for enabling the whole system to move in the extending direction of a ditch in a tunnel; the screening system is installed on the upper end face of the supporting plate, is close to the edge of the supporting plate in the advancing direction of the walking assembly and comprises a screening hopper elastically installed on the supporting plate, a screen plate is arranged in the screening hopper, and the bottom of the screening hopper communicates with a liquid discharging assembly; the feeding system is located on the outer side of the advancing direction of the walking assembly and used for conveying sundries and accumulated water in the ditch into the screening hopper. Compared with the defects that traditional manual cleaning is high in risk and low in efficiency, and a suction type ditch cleaning machine is stopped due to blocking of large gangues, the system achieves breakthrough through the integrated design of material digging and screening, a digging hopper of the feeding system rotates along with a transmission chain and can directly go deep into a ditch to dig deposits high in viscosity and mixed in component, and the problem that a suction opening is blocked is solved.

The invention discloses a method for efficiently and finely evaluating nitrogen and phosphorus consumption of a polder small micro water body, and relates to the technical field of water environment health evaluation. The method comprises the following steps: extracting pools, ditches, river network systems and hydraulic structures in a polder; based on a digital elevation model, rainfall and water level data of a polder, a geographic information system is utilized to analyze natural confluence, extreme conditions and a ground surface confluence process under strong manual regulation and control, a source-flow-confluence path of a small and micro water body in the polder is defined, and a small and micro water body topology network structure of the polder is formed; constructing a coupling source land nitrogen and phosphorus load accounting algorithm, an aquatic vegetation interception algorithm and a biogeochemical cycle process accounting algorithm, and depicting the nitrogen and phosphorus load current situation and the absorption potential of a single small and micro water body; and constructing a polder small and micro water body topology network structure-based nitrogen and phosphorus consumption network flow algorithm to realize small and micro water body nitrogen and phosphorus consumption load amount and retention amount accounting so as to complete polder small and micro water body nitrogen and phosphorus consumption evaluation.

The invention discloses a rice irrigation district irrigation amount simulation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: taking a region controlled by a backbone channel and a drainage main ditch as a standard for dividing sub-units based on a DEM and a digital canal system, carrying out the grid division of the sub-units, and obtaining an irrigation district sub-basin division result; constructing a dynamic irrigation triggering mechanism of each irrigation area sub-basin, and determining a multi-water-source cooperative scheduling scheme of each irrigation area sub-basin based on the division result of the irrigation area sub-basin; and when each irrigation sub-basin is irrigated according to the multi-water-source cooperative scheduling scheme, calculating the canal system leakage amount in each irrigation sub-basin, and determining a water distribution scheme of each irrigation sub-basin according to the canal system leakage amount. The method can be used for quickly and accurately simulating the irrigation amount and the runoff volume of the rice irrigation area, and provides a scientific basis for formulating agricultural management measures and screening water-saving high-yield technical modes.

The invention discloses a device for simulating influence of ditch cleaning ice cover evolution on hydrodynamic parameters and an application method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ice water dynamics and hydraulic engineering experiments. The device comprises a low-level water tank, a high-level water tank, a centrifugal pump, a flow valve, a water tank, a steady-flow perforated plate, a ditch cleaning ice cover simulation device, a first water level control grid plate, a second water level control grid plate and a flow field measurement system. According to the invention, three key parameters of ditch cleaning length, ice cover submerging water depth and roughness of the bottom of the ice cover are independently regulated and controlled, and non-contact high-precision measurement is carried out by means of a PIV technology, so that systematic and refined research on hydrodynamic parameters of an ice cover ditch cleaning area is realized. According to the method, researchers can safely and systematically research the influence of a single variable on the ice cover ditch cleaning water power at low cost, and the fundamental bottleneck of traditional field measurement in the research is solved.

A three-dimensional parameterization design method for a side slope water interception and drainage ditch mainly comprises the steps that water interception and drainage objects are arranged on a three-dimensional side slope, and the water interception and drainage objects comprise two sub-objects of an axis and sections of different forms; drawing a ditch axis in the three-dimensional space; setting water interception and drainage section attributes; setting an axis control point, and associating section attributes; calculating a project amount according to the axis and the association attribute; and generating a two-dimensional profile map according to the interception and drainage parameters and the three-dimensional geological information. According to the method, a unique method of coupling a three-dimensional axis graph and a section parameter is adopted, the problem that the difference between the section size and the axis length of the ditch is too large in a conventional three-dimensional design is avoided, and the drawing quality of the ditch is kept good during sectioning; a parameterization + non-parameterization coupling sectioning technology is adopted, the problem that a BIM parameterization model and a GIM information model are difficult to integrate on the aspect of sectioning drawing based on a three-dimensional model is solved, and rapid drawing of a two-dimensional section of a slope intercepting and draining ditch on the basis of the three-dimensional model is achieved.

The invention discloses an expansive soil roadbed drainage anti-seepage structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of expansive soil roadbed construction.The expansive soil roadbed drainage anti-seepage structure comprises a roadbed body and geotechnical cloth and further comprises a laying mechanism arranged on a moving vehicle and used for laying the geotechnical cloth, and the laying mechanism comprises an L-shaped plate slidably connected to the moving vehicle; the end, away from the moving trolley, of the L-shaped plate is connected with a U-shaped frame, the U-shaped frame is rotationally connected with a rotating shaft, the geotechnical cloth is wound around the rotating shaft, and a first motor used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on one side of the U-shaped frame. According to the expansive soil roadbed drainage anti-seepage structure and the construction method, through the arrangement of the laying mechanism, an operator does not need to conduct manual laying operation on the inclined side wall of the side ditch, then the safety of geotechnical cloth laying is improved, and meanwhile under the cooperation effect of the pressing assembly and the driving assembly, the anti-seepage performance of the side ditch is improved.

The invention discloses an identification and treatment method for a water and soil loss priority treatment area of a small watershed slope in a hilly area. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a small watershed soil erosion modulus and a sediment connectivity index, and carrying out geospatial modeling to form a soil erosion and connectivity partition identification priority treatment area; determining the land utilization type and terrain status of water and soil loss, and dividing functional zones from the spatial angles of an upper slope, a middle slope and a lower slope; a water and soil conservation forest is built in a forest and grass vegetation area on the slope or an abandoned cultivated land above a reclamation prohibition slope and a water and soil loss treatment area on the barren mountain and slope according to the principle of suitable land and suitable trees, and water and soil loss is prevented and controlled through natural restoration; water and soil loss prevention and control measures of slope land reclamation-hydrological network optimization and node control-grassland soil fixation and fertility increasing are adopted in a slope water and soil loss treatment area below the reclamation forbidding gradient in the slope; the slope bottom is provided with a plant filter belt, a tail end grit chamber and an ecological ditch measure for desilting and pollution reduction; the problem that a water and soil conservation treatment system in a small watershed is low in treatment degree is solved.

The invention relates to a construction method for a roadbed penetrating through a V-shaped valley area, and belongs to the technical field of foundation engineering and foundation treatment. The problems of low foundation drainage efficiency, filling side slope instability and differential settlement control in V-shaped valley roadbed construction are solved. According to the technical scheme, a groove is dug along the bottom of a valley, a gravel drainage blind ditch wrapped by permeable geotextile is laid, and a foundation drainage system is formed; during layered filling, a vibratory roller with a piezoelectric sensor embedded into a steel wheel is adopted; after every two layers are filled, one-way geogrids are laid along the slope and vertically anchored into the compaction layer through U-shaped anchoring parts; a transverse drainage pipe is pre-buried when filling is conducted to a foundation bearing capacity sudden change point threshold value; and after filling is completed, a settlement monitoring array is arranged. According to the method, through system integration of foundation drainage structure optimization, filling body intelligent compaction and differential settlement dynamic treatment, the bearing stability of the fill roadbed under the complex terrain is remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for foundation construction and disaster prevention and control of the V-shaped canyon section of the mountain road.

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a ditching machine for soybean planting. The device comprises a walking tractor head, a furrow plough, a furrow cutter and a dumping plough, soil compaction mechanisms are rotationally installed on the two sides of the end, away from the furrow cutter, of the dumping plough, and each soil compaction mechanism comprises a compaction assembly and a ventilation assembly; according to the device, through the synergistic effect of the compaction assembly and the ventilation assembly, balance of soil compaction and ventilation is achieved, the compaction assembly can effectively compact the ditch wall, prevent soil from loosening and slipping and ensure the stability of the gully, and the ventilation assembly is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes in the compaction process through the design of ventilation rods and barbs, so that the soil can be effectively compacted, and the ventilation effect is improved. The soil is compacted and ventilated, so that the air permeability of the soil is ensured, the respiration and healthy growth of soybean root systems are facilitated, and the compaction and air permeability coexisting collaborative design not only improves the environmental quality of the soil, but also provides good conditions for the growth of soybeans.

The invention discloses an intelligent ditch gate dam self-adaptive adjustment method based on the Internet of Things, relates to the technical field of drainage control, and provides a set of integrated method of multi-source data fusion, predictive diagnosis and automatic fault tolerance for fault prevention and disposal of a gate dam execution mechanism in farmland irrigation. High-quality sensing data is obtained in real time through edge calculation and a wavelet noise reduction technology, and potential anomalies are marked in time; secondly, analyzing the state of an execution mechanism by combining a historical fault record and a health model, and sending out a maintenance suggestion in advance; if a serious fault occurs, the local controller automatically starts secondary adjustment and emergency linkage to temporarily compensate downstream water supply or flood diversion; and finally, the central dispatching center iteratively updates a dispatching strategy by using a global collaborative optimization and self-learning mechanism, and the system reliability and the resource utilization efficiency are enhanced. Therefore, closed-loop management of the gate dam execution mechanism is realized, and stable operation of large-scale farmland irrigation under load and outdoor environments is ensured.

The invention discloses a blocking, lifting, storing and supplementing four-in-one rainwater collecting and supplementing system for a dry farmland, which relates to the field of irrigation and comprises a water blocking unit, a photovoltaic power generation water lifting unit, a high-level water storage unit and an irrigation and water supplementing unit, the water retaining unit comprises a dam arranged in a ditch and is used for intercepting and storing constant water flow or seasonal water flow of a river channel and supplying water to the irrigation water supplementing unit for irrigation; the photovoltaic power generation water lifting unit comprises a photovoltaic power generation assembly and a water pump water lifting assembly, the photovoltaic power generation assembly is used for converting solar energy into electric energy, and the water pump water lifting assembly is used for transferring water stored in the water blocking unit to the high-position water storage unit through a water pump and a water pipe which communicate with each other; the high-position water storage unit comprises a water storage container located at the high position and is used for water supply of the irrigation water supplementing unit for irrigation. The water retaining unit, the photovoltaic power generation water lifting unit, the high-position water storage unit and the irrigation water supplementing unit are combined with one another, water retaining, water lifting, water storage and irrigation are integrated, and the utilization rate of rainwater resources can be remarkably increased.

The invention belongs to the technical field of seepage detection, and particularly relates to a hydraulic engineering building seepage detection device which comprises a connecting base, a first baffle, a second baffle, a driving assembly and an inflation assembly. The distance between the two first baffles is adjusted through the driving assembly, rectangular ditches with different widths are blocked, the distance between the two first baffles is adjusted, the rotating angles of the two second baffles are adjusted, trapezoidal ditches with different sections are blocked, and the applicability of the blocking mechanism is improved; when the two first baffles move, friction between the first face sealing air bag and the first baffles is avoided, the damage probability of the first face sealing air bag is reduced, when the second baffles rotate, friction between the second face sealing air bag and the second baffles is avoided, and the damage probability of the second face sealing air bag is reduced. The sealing effect of the first face sealing air bag on the side wall gaps of the two first baffles is improved, and the sealing effect of the second face sealing air bag on the side wall gaps of the first baffles and the second baffles is improved.

The application discloses a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and depth learning's field-gully-pond extraction method, belong to remote sensing technology and agricultural informatization technical field, method includes: using unmanned aerial vehicle carries multispectral camera and optical lens, obtains original image data by tilt photogrammetry technique;The original image data obtained is preprocessed, generates multispectral image (DOM) and digital surface model (DSM);From the spectral, topography and texture features of small watershed field-gully-pond system, construct the multiple extraction framework of U-net algorithm with built-in attention mechanism, image segmentation model supporting zero sample learning, multi-scale segmentation technology and shape feature extraction algorithm, carry out image segmentation, classification and interpretation, realize the fine extraction of small watershed field-gully-pond system;The design can improve the extraction accuracy and efficiency under complex terrain, applicable to current small watershed agricultural non-point source pollution migration trajectory simulation and farmland fine management.

The utility model relates to a coke breeze treatment device for wet quenching of a coke oven, which comprises a clean water tank and a sedimentation tank, the clean water tank and the sedimentation tank are sequentially connected, two sides of the clean water tank and the sedimentation tank are provided with ditches, and the ditches are used for leading quenching water sprayed in a quenching tower back to the coke breeze sedimentation tank to form a closed loop, so as to complete the recycling of the quenching water. Concrete partition walls are arranged between the clean water tank and the sedimentation tank, between the ditches and the clean water tank and between the ditches and the sedimentation tank, openings are formed in the concrete partition walls, and water gates are arranged at the openings and connected with the control unit. The coke powder grabbing device has the advantages that the grabbing device walks on the track and grabs the coke powder of the settling pond and the clean water pond, the coke powder does not need to be cleaned manually, the operation environment of operators is improved, the labor intensity of the operators is reduced, the post of the coke powder grab bucket operator is canceled, manpower is saved, the enterprise cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. Operators are prevented from being in contact with toxic and harmful substances, and the operation environment of the operators is improved.

A permafrost roadbed side ditch structure comprises a permafrost base layer, a roadbed base layer and a roadbed surface layer are sequentially arranged on the permafrost base layer, the permafrost roadbed side ditch structure further comprises a foundation trench, a rigid partition plate set and a side ditch body, the foundation trench is supported on the permafrost base layer, the foundation trench is filled with an inverted filter layer, a drainage pipe is arranged in the inverted filter layer, and the rigid partition plate set comprises an outer side partition plate and an inner side partition plate. The outer side partition plate is arranged on the inverted filter layer, the inner side partition plate is fixedly arranged on the frozen soil base layer and attached to the side walls of the roadbed base layer and the roadbed surface layer, a plurality of water seepage holes are formed in the inner side partition plate, a plurality of capillary tubes extending in the height direction are arranged between the inner side partition plate and the outer side partition plate, and the lower ends of the capillary tubes extend to the inverted filter layer. A sand and gravel piling layer is arranged on the inverted filter layer, and the side ditch body is supported on the sand and gravel piling layer and connected with the top of the outer side partition plate. The structure is simple, the construction is convenient, and the long-time normal use of the frozen soil roadbed can be ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of environment management data analysis, and discloses a farmland drainage ditch ecological restoration evaluation method and system. The method comprises the steps of obtaining drainage ditch multi-parameter ecological monitoring data, calculating a farmland-ditch interface permeability index, establishing a response delay kinetic equation to solve a time delay coefficient, and generating a restoration effect evaluation result by applying a time sequence tracking algorithm. According to the method, the problem that farmland drainage ditch ecological restoration assessment lacks interface permeability quantitative analysis, time delay modeling and spatial distribution identification is solved, and the scientificity and the accuracy of restoration effect assessment are improved.

The invention provides a vegetation restoration method and system for an eroded shallow trench in a loess area, and the method comprises the steps: 101, carrying out the topographic survey, and obtaining the topographic data; step 102, carrying out soil sampling analysis; step 103, acquiring hydrological data for many years, and determining a shallow trench area in which water and soil loss easily occurs; 104, sequentially planting arbors, shrubs and herbaceous plants from top to bottom on the ditch slopes on the two sides of the determined shallow ditch area in the horizontal direction of the ditch slopes, and arranging gabion boxes at the ditch edges; the gabion boxes are arranged along the ditch edge direction; step 105, planting periploca sepium and herbaceous plants and laying ecological bags at the ditch bottom of the determined shallow ditch area from top to bottom in sequence according to the water flow direction; wherein the ditch bottom is provided with a horizontal step, and the periploca sepium bunge is planted in the horizontal step in a row; and the horizontal step is vertical to the groove edge. Therefore, organic fusion of an engineering structure and vegetation growth is achieved, a long-acting and stable erosion prevention and control system is formed, a shallow trench development channel is effectively blocked, and gradual recovery of regional ecological functions is promoted.

The invention discloses a video recognition-based man-machine cooperative processing method for ditches and rivers in an urban area, and relates to the field of video recognition or understanding, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a data collection and analysis closed loop covering the whole periods before, during and after heavy rainfall: collecting images before and after treatment through an unmanned aerial vehicle and a camera before rainfall, generating a treatment operation influence map for quantitatively evaluating the treatment effect; in rainfall, the fixed camera is used for continuously monitoring the water level and the flow velocity; after rainfall, images are collected again, and the abnormal river reach is recognized. According to the method, camera data is taken as a boundary condition, a hydrological model is driven to perform inversion in combination with a governance influence map, missing heavy rainfall process data is deduced, and finally, accurate attribution of abnormal reasons is realized, and a differentiated governance scheme is generated. According to the method, the problem of monitoring data missing in severe weather is effectively solved, and quantitative evaluation of the treatment effect and scientific diagnosis of the abnormal cause of the river channel are realized.

The invention discloses a comprehensive drainage capacity expansion system suitable for a double-hole tunnel and a construction and operation method of the comprehensive drainage capacity expansion system, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel drainage systems. The system comprises a high-elevation tunnel and a low-elevation tunnel, the high-elevation tunnel is internally provided with an existing center circular pipe ditch A, the low-elevation tunnel is communicated with the high-elevation tunnel through a plurality of transverse channels, the low-elevation tunnel is internally provided with an existing center circular pipe ditch B and a newly-built drainage ditch, and the existing center circular pipe ditch A is communicated with the newly-built drainage ditch through a plurality of transverse channels. The newly-built drainage ditches are located between the transverse channels and the existing central circular pipe ditch B and communicate with the existing central circular pipe ditch B through drainage assemblies, transverse drainage branch ditches are arranged on the lower sides of the transverse channels correspondingly, one ends of the transverse drainage branch ditches communicate with the newly-built drainage ditches, and the other ends of the transverse drainage branch ditches communicate with the newly-built drainage ditches. And the other end is communicated with the existing central circular pipe ditch A through a connecting well. Through the comprehensive drainage system, the drainage capacity of the low-elevation tunnel and the high-elevation tunnel can be remarkably improved, and the driving safety in the tunnel and the reliability of the tunnel structure are ensured.

The invention relates to a debris flow gully slope protection structure, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects. Multi-stage counter-slope terraces are arranged on the slope surface of the debris flow gully slope from the bottom end to the top end, each terrace structure comprises a terrace surface, ridges and a terrace ditch which are arranged upwards at intervals along a contour line, each layer of counter-slope terrace is separated by using a mortar rubble retaining wall as the ridge, the terrace surface is covered with soil by using a slope native soil layer, and the terrace ditch is connected with the ridge of the next stage of terrace by adopting a mortar rubble material. The field surface has a reverse slope inclination angle of 5-10 degrees, and crops can be planted on the field surface. The field ditches are communicated with main drainage ditches on the two sides of the terrace along the contour line downwards, and metal gates are arranged at the joints to control water flow, are closed when water storage is needed and are opened when water drainage is needed. The structure can effectively reduce the material, construction and maintenance cost, has high debris flow resistance, can stabilize the debris flow channel slope, reduces the water and soil loss of the slope, plays a role in terrace water storage and drainage, and further protects and promotes the growth of crops.

An artificial rainwater collection irrigation method for broken hillside cultivated land in a stony desertification area comprises the steps that data such as broken bed rock surface trend and cultivated land distribution are measured in the field; calculating some important parameters by analyzing multi-year meteorological data: the mode of the number of rainwater collection cycles every year, the mode of rainfall in a rainfall period, the mode of illumination duration in an illumination period and the mode of single rainfall intensity; an artificial rainwater collecting surface is arranged, the material, the structure and the angle of the artificial rainwater collecting surface all have certain particularity, a confluence system is constructed, a low-position water collecting pool and a high-position water storage pool form an irrigation system, and the rainwater collecting area, the inner diameter of a confluence pipe, the storage battery capacitance, the photovoltaic panel area and the water pump power are calculated based on the important parameters; rainwater is collected in the main rainfall period in one year, and irrigation is conducted in the dry season. The system is particularly suitable for irrigation of broken hillside cultivated land in a stony desertification area with poor lithiasis ditch integrity, and irrigation requirements, a water collecting surface, a confluence path, a water collecting pool, a water storage tank and light energy can be integrally matched.

The cultivation method comprises the steps that the macadamia nut forest with the tree age larger than or equal to 5 years is selected, PVC permeable pipes with water seepage holes are laid at the bottoms of ditches, and the ditches are covered with gravel layers; ridging is conducted along the dead furrows, and a lower layer of fallen leaf crushed matter mixed decomposed farmyard manure, a middle layer of acid red soil and an upper layer of special konjak matrix containing functional microorganisms are constructed on ridge bodies in a layered mode; performing cold shock treatment on the seed taros, soaking the seed taros in chitosan-nano-selenium composite liquid, and coating the seed taros with nut oleoresin; the height of the sunshade net is dynamically regulated and controlled through an intelligent system to maintain the shading rate to be 60%-70%, and automatic drip irrigation is carried out based on a soil humidity sensor; harvesting and retaining rhizomes after konjak seedlings fall, removing konjak plants before nut fruit drop, and collecting dropped fruits by utilizing dead furrows. According to the method, the problems of water and light accurate regulation and control, root competition and harvesting conflicts are solved, waste recycling is achieved, the soft rot rate is decreased, the fruit drop loss rate is greatly decreased, and the comprehensive output value is remarkably increased.