581 results about "Debris flow" patented technology

Apparatus for filtering and entrapping debris in the vascular system of a patient, the apparatus including a filter to allow blood to flow therethrough and to restrict passage of debris, wherein the filter captures debris carried in a first direction of blood flow. The apparatus further includes an entrapment mechanism which allows passage of debris and blood therethrough, in the first direction of blood flow and prevents debris passage in a second direction. The entrapment mechanism and filter allow blood and debris therethrough in the first direction of blood flow. The entrapment mechanism prevents debris flow in the second direction of blood flow. A method for filtering and entrapping debris in the vascular system includes inserting the apparatus into the vascular system, allowing blood and debris carried therein to flow through the entrapment mechanism, and removing the apparatus and accumulated debris from the vascular system.

The invention discloses a monitoring and prewarning system for sudden flood in a mountainous area and an establishing method thereof. The monitoring and prewarning system comprises a plurality of field monitoring wireless sensor networks and a monitoring system, wherein the field monitoring wireless sensor networks and the monitoring system transmit information through a GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) network and Internet, each field monitoring wireless sensor network comprises a plurality of sensor nodes, a cluster head node and a converging gateway, the sensor nodes are arranged in a monitored region and connected with the converging gateway through the cluster head node and transmits monitored information to the converging gateway, and the converging gateway transmits the information to a monitoring computer through the GPRS network and Internet. The monitoring and prewarning system disclosed by the invention can well meet real-time and rapid acquiring of monitoring field data in monitoring and management on disasters, such as flood, landslide and debris flow.

The invention discloses a simulation test system integrating the start, movement and accumulation of debris flow, including an instrument table, a water supply system, a control center, a pipeline and a water distribution system, a receiving line, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a water guide pipe, and a raindrop simulation system. Sprinklers, rain sensors, source tanks, porometers, matrix suction probes, soil moisture probes, flow tanks, flow rate test devices, impact test devices, stacking plates, tailing tanks, lifting systems and digital acquisition systems. The invention can combine the two types of mud-rock flow caused by rainfall and water erosion for research, and simulate the real rainfall process; it can effectively monitor the key parameters in the mud-rock flow experiment process, and simulate the whole process of mud-rock flow initiation, migration and accumulation.

The invention discloses a calculation method for the debris flow section mean flow rate and the application. The calculation method comprises the steps that parameters such as the debris flow fluid volume weight, the debris flow solid material volume weight, the debris flow channel or drainage groove gradient, the debris flow section hydraulic radius, the debris flow channel or drainage groove external roughness and the debris flow viscosity coefficient are determined by the means such as field investigation and measurement, actual sampling and actual volume weight measurement and indoor rheological experiments, the obtained parameters are substituted into a calculation formula for the debris flow section mean flow rate, and therefore the accurate debris flow section mean flow rate can be obtained. According to the method, the external roughness variations caused by the debris flow channel or drainage groove shape variations and the internal roughness generated by the debris flow fluid property are comprehensively taken into account, the debris flow section mean flow rate can be reasonably determined, a basis is provided for the debris flow exploration and the prevention engineering design, and the method is suitable for the requirements of the outdoor debris flow exploration and the actual engineering design.

The invention discloses a debris flow disaster early monitoring system based on the internet of things. The debris flow disaster early monitoring system comprises an internet of things cloud server and a weather center connected with the cloud server through communication. The cloud server is connected with a wireless sensor network through communication. The wireless senor network comprises network nodes, a soil moisture sensor, a soil inner pressure sensor and a locating device. Data detected by the soil moisture sensor, data detected by the soil inner pressure sensor and data detected by the locating device are respectively transmitted to the cloud server though the network nodes. The wireless sensor network is laid in the zone with the requirements for debris flow disaster monitoring, soil is detected through the soil moisture sensor and the soil inner pressure sensor in the wireless sensor network, movement displacement of soil is detected by the locating device, weather data, collected by the weather center, of the surroundings are combined, calculation and simulation of the cloud processor are conducted, therefore, the purposes that a debris flow disaster is monitored in real time and the accuracy is high are achieved.

The invention discloses a debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system and a debris flow early warning system. The debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system and the debris flow early warning system aim at overcoming the defects on debris flow occurrence early warning in the prior art. The debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system utilizes a total stress monitoring value P and a flow debris flow depth monitoring value h which are obtained on a monitoring section D to calculate the volume weight gamma C and the mean velocity VC of the monitored debris flow in real time. The optimized design includes that the debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system adjusts monitoring data frequency conversion acquisition and sending in accordance with the flow depth monitoring value h and a flow depth change value delta h. The debris flow early warning system realizes debris flow hazard grading early warning according to the peak flow characteristics of the debris flow and determines the expected time of the occurrence of the debris flow. The debris flow mechanical parameter monitoring system can perform real-time and frequency conversion monitoring and sending of characteristic indicators such as the flow depth, the velocity, the peak flow and the volume weight of the debris flow. The debris flow early warning system can realize the analysis of the debris flow mechanical parameter characteristics and the early warning of the occurrence of the debris flow.

The invention belongs to the field of debris flow prevention and control engineering and hydraulic engineering and relates to a glacier lake outburst pre-warning method. A potential outburst glacier lake serves as a pre-warning monitoring region, a glacier tongue slope alpha and a glacier slope direction theta of the potential outburst glacier lake are measured and determined, meteorological data are examined to determine the average positive accumulated temperature Ty2 of glacier lake outburst points in the last two years and the many-year average positive accumulated temperature Ty of glacier lake outburst points, the positive accumulated temperature T0 before certain time and the average temperature sum T7 of seven days before the time are monitored in real time, and with a pre-warning monitoring region glacier lake outburst critical value Cr as a monitored value, glacier lake outburst pre-warning levels are divided according to the monitored value. According to the glacier lake outburst pre-warning method, the internal mechanism of the glacier lake outburst happening degree is researched by researching temperature factors and terrain factors, and a glacier lake pre-warning and forecasting model is established; influences of the temperature factors and the terrain factors on a glacier lake outburst are comprehensively considered, and the glacier lake outburst is forecast quantitatively.

The invention discloses a prevention and control method for debris flow induced by ice-lake break and an application of the method. The method comprises the steps of determining a flood peak flow threshold of break flood debris flow in combination with topographic and geomorphic characteristic parameters of a drainage basin, rainfall characteristic parameters, inner-source characteristic parameters of the drainage basin, transport capacity of a main river and the like; then judging the stability of a morainic dam body in each calculation area and performing classification of dangerousness based on basic parameters obtained by field investigation, sampling and indoor testing of the morainic dam body; and based on this, determining body shape parameters and a distribution mode of pile structure bodies in the morainic dam body. According to the method and the application, for the situation that sudden ice-lake break caused by buried ice melting in the morainic dam, ice landslides and entry of ice into a lake due to icefall easily forms a giant debris flow disaster, the dam body undercutting speed can be effectively controlled, the break flood discharge time can be prolonged, the peak flow of break flood can be reduced, and the scale of forming the debris flow by the break flood can be reduced, regulated and controlled, so that the risk of causing harm to a downstream zone of the ice lake by the break flood is lowered.

In order to promote relevant scientific researches on fracture of an incompact soil body and effectively prevent and control geological disasters, such as incompact soil body landslide, soil slope, slope debris flow and the like, the invention provides a method and a system for testing the fracture toughness of the incompact soil body. The method comprises the following steps of: making the incompact soil body with different water content and different compactness into a rectangular test piece; continuously loading a three-point bending load on the rectangular test piece; and when the rectangular test piece starts to fracture, measuring the fracture toughness of the incompact soil body. According to the method and the system for testing the fracture toughness of the incompact soil body, the fracture toughness of the incompact soil body with different water content and different compactness can be tested; according to the test method, a requirement of the American society for testing material (ASTM) E399-83 is met; the deformation, cracking and damage system of the surface of a soil slope can be analyzed; and the method and the system have great significance for promoting relevant scientific researches on the fracture of the incompact soil body and effectively preventing and controlling geological disasters, such as incompact soil body landslide, soil slope, slope debris flow and the like.

The invention relates to a disaster early-warning system. The disaster early-warning system is used for early warning mountain landslides or debris flow and comprises measuring nodes and a warning center which are communicated through wireless signals, wherein the measuring nodes are used for measuring movement information and position information of a mountain where the measuring nodes are located, and the warning center is used for receiving the movement information and the position information of the mountain measured by the measuring nodes in real time and performing the disaster early warning according to the movement information and the position information. The disaster early warning system is a system for forecasting and warning the debris flow and the mountain landslides in real time. By processing data of a plurality of measuring nodes installed in the mountain, the early warning accuracy degree of the mountain landslides and the debris flow is improved, the situation of failure in disaster report is completely eradicated, panic caused by warning errors is avoided, and the influence of the warning errors to production and life of people in disaster areas is reduced.

The invention discloses a multi-scale debris flow risk assessment method for an earthquake disturbance area. The method comprises the steps of 1, establishing a spatial database; 2, establishing risk assessment levels and scale demands; 3, establishing risk control and management measure and suggestion demands; and 4, carrying out debris flow risk assessment, comprising four steps of debris flow probability of occurrence assessment, harm assessment, risk evaluation and risk assessment. According to the method, the debris flow dangerousness evaluation, vulnerability evaluation, risk evaluation and risk assessment technical operations for the earthquake disturbance area are stipulated; therefore, the technical basis is provided for carrying out multi-spatial scale risk assessment, control and management work on the debris flows evoked by recent earthquakes or historical earthquakes in the strong earthquake influence area; and the method is applicable to the multi-scale debris flows with scales of 1: 100,000 -1:1000 and the debris flow risk assessment, control and management technical operations for the earthquake disturbance area.

The invention discloses an ecological comprehensive treatment system of a northern mountain river channel. The system comprises three sub ecological systems of an ecological permeable dike built on the upstream of a main stream and a branch stream of a mountain river, a reservoir pond arranged at the middle and downstream area of the mountain river and a wet land communicated with the reservoir pond, and adopts an ecological treatment mode of closure-storage-preservation. The construction method comprises the steps of: a) building of the ecological permeable dike; b) setting of a triangular pyramidal wood pile stone cage; c) building of the reservoir pond; d) planting of plants of the reservoir pond; e) building of a wet land system; and f) recovery of a river bank band. The system and the construction method can effectively intercept the mountain debris flow and the river non-point source pollution, adjust the river runoff, improve the hydrologic conditions of the mountain river in non-flood season, decrease the dry season of the mountain river, and facilitate to recover the ecological system of the mountain river. Meanwhile, traditional depressions and empty ponds in the mountain river can be used in construction, so that the engineering building cost is reduced, and the self-cleaning capacity of river water is improved.

The invention discloses a water-rich weak surrounding rock long-and-big tunnel construction method. The method includes that a tunnel inclined shaft is arranged on one side of a main tunnel of a tunnel to be constructed, the main tunnel is divided into a tunnel entry section, a tunnel exit section and a middle connecting section connected between the tunnel entry section and the tunnel exit section, the middle connecting section is divided into an inclined shaft assisting construction entry section and an inclined shaft assisting construction exit section, and each of the tunnel entry section, the tunnel exit section, the inclined shaft assisting construction entry section and the inclined shaft assisting construction exit section is divided into multiple sections for construction. A construction method of each section includes: step 1, performing geological forecasting in advance, and when a debris flow formation exists ahead, entering a step 2, or else, entering a step 3; step 2, performing stability control construction; step 3, determining a primary supporting scheme; step 4, excavating the tunnel, and performing primary supporting construction; step 5, performing secondary lining construction on the tunnel. The water-rich weak surrounding rock long-big tunnel construction method is simple in step, reasonable in design, simple and convenient to construct, good in using effect, capable of meeting construction requirements of water-rich weak surrounding rock long-and-big tunnels, short in construction period and safe in construction process.

The present invention discloses an impact force simulation device during a debris flow movement erosion-deposition process. The device comprises a supply box and an accumulation plate which are fixed on a support separately, and a circulation groove is connected between the supply box and the accumulation plate. The circulation groove is equipped with the debris flow laser mud level meters and the optical fiber pressure sensors according to different gradients, vibration string pressure sensors are arranged on the accumulation plate, and a camera and a data acquisition unit are also arranged on the support. The simulation method comprises the steps of 1 setting the gradient of the circulation groove and the accumulation plate; 2 setting a boundary condition; 3 simulating a debris flow medium; 4 setting an initial condition; 5 determining a time step; 6 setting a beta value; 7 acquiring and tidying experiment data; 8 cleaning an experiment platform. According to the present invention, the impact force simulation and experiment during the debris flow movement erosion-deposition process can be realized, and the circulation groove can be adjusted according to different gradients and different boundary conditions. According to the present invention, the circulation groove boundary conditions can satisfy the experiment requirements of the debris flows of different volume-weights, thereby obtaining the impact forces and the accumulation ranges under different return periods and during the movement erosion-deposition process.

The invention relates to a debris flow yield stress and maximum accumulation thickness calculation method, and belongs to the field of debris flow prevention and control engineering and water conservancy project. The debris flow yield stress and maximum accumulation thickness calculation method has the technical scheme that the equivalent clay mineral percent P in the debris flow body is determined according to the existing debris flow survey, and the equivalent clay mineral percent P in the flow area is set to be unchanged; according to the debris flow volume-weight value of the debris flow in the current time at different frequencies or the debris flow volume-weight value in the adjacent flow areas, the debris flow volume concentration value C0 is obtained through calculation; then, according to the particle grading values Cc and Dv, the equivalent clay mineral percent P calculated in the former step is used for calculation to obtain the debris flow yield stress tao and the maximum accumulation thickness H at different frequencies or in the adjacent flow areas. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the yield stress and the maximum accumulation thickness of the debris flow occurring at the different frequency or in the adjacent flow areas can be more accurately calculated, and effective technical support is provided for debris flow hazard evaluation and prevention.

The invention discloses a calculating method and calculating application of forms of debris flow siltation behind silt arresters. The method includes: using methods such as site measuring, indoor geotechnical tests, and large-scale topographic map calculating to determine internal friction angles of debris flows and gully slopes of debris flow gullies; putting obtained parameters into a formula of the forms of the debris flow siltation behind the silt arresters, namely reasonably determining debris flow siltation thickness at different positions in a reservoir; and further determining maximum siltation length and siltation longitudinal slopes of the debris flows behind the silt arresters, and effective length of each silt arrester in the presence of limited silt burying points. Compared with the prior art, gully conditions and self-properties of the debris flows are considered comprehensively, an equation of forms of the debris flow siltation behind the silt arresters is obtained through theoretical derivation, engineering parameters such as the maximum siltation length, the siltation slopes and the permitted maximum arrester height can be determined reasonably, and scientific evidence can be provided for debris flow prevention engineering.

The invention discloses a debris flow pre-warning method. In view of the shortcoming that the channel-started debris flow critical rainfall threshold calculation method in the prior art needs to be based on long-term debris flow observation data, the invention provides a debris flow pre-warning method. The core of the method is a debris flow start critical value Cr calculation method expressed by debris flow channel topography, geology, and a hydrological factor. According to the method, the Cr value of a pre-warning monitored area is used as a monitored value, and debris flow pre-warning levels are set according to the magnitudes of monitored values; when Cr is less than 0.35, the condition is green and safe; when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.47, a debris flow orange pre-warning is issued; and when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.47, a debris flow red pre-warning is issued. In optimized condition, the rainfall amount of 1h is used as a common monitored value at the same time. The invention also provides a debris flow pre-warning method with an equivalent rainfall R* value as a main monitored value. The method has a reliable principle, the threshold calculation more conforms to debris flow forming mechanism; the threshold calculation is not based on long-term observation data, and has better disaster preventing applicability.

A system for filtering debris carried by stormwater flowing through a gutter inlet into a catch basin utilizes a filter device configured to conform to and to substantially fully cover the gutter inlet and a retainer device for maintaining the filter device in place covering the gutter inlet. The retainer device is attached to the filter device and configured to extend through the gutter inlet to hang gravitationally downwardly into the catch basin. The retainer device is weighted to gravitationally pull and hold the filter device securely against the gutter inlet against dislodgement under the forces of flowing stormwater.

The invention discloses a geologic hazard emergency monitoring forecast system and a method for analyzing the forecast of the system. Disposable radar responders move together with landslide or debris flow, flood and the like on ground surface by irregularly launching the disposal radar responders in a geologic hazard region which is formed or is forecasted to be formed. Through technology of radar scanning, running tracks of the radar responders can be monitored and compared intuitively and quickly; the place and the time formed by the hazard can be further analyzed and determined combining with status of topography and landform; and basic causes and important information, such as a territorial scope which is about to be affected by the hazard, forecasted imminent time slice and safe escape route, and the like, can be acquired assorted with rainfall, earthquake and other information. The system and the method have a standard product structure and low cost, and have incomparable advantages on the forecast of geologic hazard which has clear cause, certain predictability, large scale and short-terming burst under quick response.

A debris flow geological disasters identification method based on remote sensing satellite images comprises the following steps: carrying out primary localization on debris flow disaster areas according to historical disaster data and current meteorological situations; acquiring satellite image data of the positions according to the primarily located disaster positions; carrying out computer automatic recognition on debris flow areas in the satellite images, and extracting automatically recognized debris flow areas; acquiring DEM data of the positions according to the positions of the automatically recognized debris flow areas; carrying out image fusion on the satellite images and the DEM data, and carrying out image enhancement to generate a 3D terrain image with height information; carrying out manual corrections on the automatically recognized debris flow areas based on the 3D terrain image; drawing a debris flow geological disaster area image according to the corrected debris flowrecognition areas, and judging possibility, scale and treatment scheme of further disasters by combining other data.

The invention discloses a groove bottom-reinforced fully lined debris flow drainage groove and a construction method thereof. The groove bottom-reinforced fully lined debris flow drainage groove comprises a fully lined drainage groove bottom plate and drainage groove side walls on the two sides of the bottom plate; a plurality of submerged sills which pass through along the drainage groove transversely, are connected with the drainage groove bottom plate, are distributed at intervals, and have a certain effective burial depth are arranged in the foundation and below the drainage groove; the submerged sills at the inlet and the outlet of the drainage groove are deepened submerged sills, and the submerged sills at other positions of the drainage groove are common submerged sills; and the effective burial depth of each of the deepened submerged sills is larger than that of each of the common submerged sills, and the deepened submerged sills extend to the bottom of the foundation of each of the drainage groove side walls on the two sides so as to form a triangular wedge-shaped body respectively. Compared with the prior art, the groove has the advantages of making full use of the bed-reinforcing effect of the submerged sills, reinforcing the bottom of the drainage groove in sections, avoiding danger to the entire drainage groove due to the damage of local drainage groove bottom, guaranteeing the operation safety of the drainage groove adequately, increasing small working amount and saving a large amount of engineering maintenance cost, along with low construction cost.

The invention discloses a heavy rain type diluted debris flow monitoring, forecast and early warning device and method. The device comprises a multi-factor weather station unit, a muddy water level alarm device unit and a video monitoring device unit. When rain falls on a debris flow formation region, the multi-factor weather station unit starts to collect rainfall data and transmits the data to a far-end comprehensive control center; when rainfall reaches or exceeds critical rainfall value for debris flow formation, first time early warning and forecast signals are sent out; when debris flows converge into upper and middle reaches of a main trench and exceeds safety threshold value and critical mud level threshold value, second time alarm signals are sent out; when the debris flows reach upper and lower survey sections of a preset position and exceed critical value, emergency alarm signals are sent out, returned data is analyzed and processed via computers by the comprehensive control center, a data curve us drawn on line in real time, data storing operation is performed, and a comprehensive forecast and early warning solution is issued according to forecast and early warning signals of all monitoring areas. Via use of the heavy rain type diluted debris flow monitoring, forecast and early warning device and method, rainfall, muddy water level and video data can be automatically collected, recorded and processed; efficiency can be improved.

A system for filtering debris carried by stormwater flowing through a gutter inlet into a catch basin utilizes a filter device configured to conform to and to substantially cover the gutter inlet and a retainer device for maintaining the filter device in place covering the gutter inlet. The retainer device is attached to the filter device and configured to extend through the gutter inlet to hang gravitationally downwardly into the catch basin. The retainer device is weighted to gravitationally pull and hold the filter device securely against the gutter inlet against dislodgement under the forces of flowing stormwater.

The invention relates to a debris flow simulation test device and method capable of adjusting and controlling hazard-cause factors. A slurry storage box is arranged on a base platform and communicated with a debris flow forming area slurry tank through a slurry delivery pipe, the slurry delivery pipe is provided with a slurry pump and a slurry output valve, the debris flow forming area slurry tank is communicated with a debris flow circulating area slurry tank through a movable rubber belt, the debris flow forming area slurry tank and the debris flow circulating area slurry tank are both obliquely arranged, the included angle between the debris flow forming area slurry tank and the debris flow circulating area slurry tank and the horizontal plane is smaller than 90 degrees, and an opening formed in the bottom end of the debris flow circulating area slurry tank faces a horizontally-arranged data acquisition board. The device and method have the advantages of being easy to operate, convenient to assemble and disassemble, clear in result comparison and the like and are suitable for range prediction research of different types of debris flow hazard areas in mountain areas of China.