1276results about "Stream regulation" patented technology

The invention relates to an ecological restoration method for a city watercourse. The ecological restoration method for the city watercourse is characterized in that the polluted city watercourse is comprehensively restored with the combination of physical, biological and ecological technologies, the ecological theory is used for reference in the treatment process, the ecological idea is used as the guiding thought, a complex water ecosystem structure is constructed and restored, the original natural state of the watercourse is restored, the self-cleaning capacity of a river system is improved, the environment is beautified, and the local city microclimates are improved at the same time. The ecological restoration method mainly comprises the steps of (1) controlling a pollution source, (2) modifying the river bank, (3) optimizing the environment of the river bottom, (4) modifying the watercourse, (5) conducting aeration and oxygenation, (6) constructing an aquatic plant community, (7) constructing a fish and macrobenthos community, and (8) maintaining the system. The watercourse ecological system restored through the ecological restoration method has the certain anti-interference capacity, on the premise that a large amount of exogenous pollution is cut off, the certain-strength interference can be resisted, and the good ecological environmental effect is obtained. After one-time input, the better ecological benefit can be obtained only with a small number of maintenance costs.

A river course ecological treatment system essentially comprises a plurality of ecological biological water purification systems and a plurality of plastic retaining dams disposed along a river course, and at least one damp land ecological water purification system disposed beside the river course. The plastic retaining dams separate the river course into several retaining regions. The ecological biological water purification systems purify the water in the retaining regions by microorganism purification. Afterward, the water purified by the ecological biological water purification systems is introduced into rainwater channels of the at least one damp land ecological water purification system. After being purified by aquatic plants in the at least one damp land ecological water purification system, the water returns to the retaining regions the downstream portion of the river course. Therefore, a river improvement system capable of performing both step-by-step treatment and joint treatment is effectuated.

The invention relates to a method for constructing a deep pool and a shoal in a straight river channel. In the method, a spur dike is arranged on the left bank side of the straight river channel, a bank slope on the opposite bank of the spur dike is protected by riprap, a diving guide wall is arranged on the left and right banks of the downstream side of the spur dike respectively, the discharge cross section of the river channel is shortened by the spur dike to increase the flow rate of water flow, the bottom of a river bed of a river reach between the diving guide walls on the downstream side of the spur dike is continuously scoured to naturally form the deep pool, and a dead water area or slow flow water area formed between the diving guide wall and the river bank becomes the shoal through long-term deposition. The method has the advantages that: the deep pool is naturally formed and becomes a rest place for aquatic organisms such as fishes and the like, and can become a shelter for the aquatic organisms such as the fishes and the like in a flood period; plants can be planted on the shoal, and the shoal can become an organism habitat different from the deep pool; and the complexity of a river channel structure and water conservation condition diversity can be increased or repaired, and river biodiversity, population composition and rare species conservation are facilitated.

An electromagnetic starter switch in which a voltage from a power source is depressed by a resistor and applied to a motor by an auxiliary movable contact coming into contact with a first auxiliary fixed contact and a second auxiliary fixed contact before a pinion gear intermeshes with a ring gear, and the voltage from the power source is subsequently applied to the motor without modification by the main movable contact also coming into contact with a first main fixed contact and a second main fixed contact after the pinion gear intermeshes with the ring gear, wherein: the first main fixed contact, the second main fixed contact, the first auxiliary fixed contact, and the second auxiliary fixed contact are disposed on a main switch cover.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively treating river malodorous black. According to the method, aiming at formation reasons of the river malodorous black, on one hand, endogenous pollutants of a malodorous black river are reduced, and on the other hand, measures for ecological remediation are adopted to systemically repair a river ecological function, so that the malodorous black is eliminated, and stability and long effect are maintained. The technical scheme provided by the invention breaks a traditional controlling scheme that only one certain method is adopted for treating a river polluted water body or polluted bottom silt, adopts multiple technical schemes of pollutant reduction and ecological restoration, carries out technical combination according to circumstances such as river surrounding environment characteristics and hydrology situations, has the advantages of systematicness and long effect, achieves the aims of treating both symptoms and root causes and preventing the malodorous black from rebounding, and provides a feasible method for treating city malodorous black rivers.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensive treatment of a town river way. The method comprises exogenous pollution control: sewage draining outlet pretreatment and branch surge pretreatment; endogenous pollution removal: bottom mud pollutant treatment and biological purification of polluted water; in-situ remediation of a river channel ecological system: ecological restoration of aquatic plants and restoration of aquatic animals; and supplemented feeding of an efficient microbial agent and ecological restoration monitoring of the river channel. A staged treatment principle is adopted for the method for comprehensive treatment of the town river way, conditions are created positively to gradually reduce river channel pollution; through the exogenous pollution control, the endogenous pollution removal, the in-situ remediation of the river channel ecological system, later period maintenance and ecological regulation and the like, a water system is made smooth, the river channel is made clean, the ecological system is established artificially, the self-cleaning capacity of the river channel is restored gradually, healthy water circulation of the river channel is achieved, biodiversity is promoted, and virtuous circle of the town and country environment and the ecological system is promoted.

The invention discloses an integrated method of lake water environment management. The integrated method of the lake water environment management comprises the steps of making first-phase preparations for lake water environment integrated management, analyzing a landform, designing the type of a side slope, determining the self-cleaning capacity of a lake, controlling pollution sources around the lake, conducting a silt-removing treatment on a water body, managing the side slope, conducting ecological restoration on the lake, and conducting monitoring and emergency treatment on the lake. The integrated method of the lake water environment management is used for enabling a lake water environment biologic chain to be effectively restored and consolidated and enabling the lake side slope to be stable.

The invention discloses a comprehensive technology for the ecological restoration of low-pollution river water. The technology constructs the low-pollution river water environment comprehensive control engineering treating flowing water as a base, treating ecological restoration as a core and giving consideration to the landscape improvement through the integration and optimization of ecologic restoration combination techniques comprising a water power control technique, a polluted basement restoration technique, an underwater microtopography shaping technique, an aquatic plant recovery technique, an aquatic animal restoration technique, an aquatic life reinforcement technique, a water landscape construction technique and the like. The comprehensive technology has a good pollutant removal performance, and the TN, NH3-N and TP reductions reach 75.5%, 84.5% and 92.0% respectively.

The invention provides a method for estimating the ecological water amount of a shallow lake under the pollution stress. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, selecting a key ecological index and determining the ideal ecological water amount by adopting an ecological water level method; secondly, determining an important water quality index by means of a principal component analysis method and building a model of water quality simulation; thirdly, adopting a scenario analysis method on the base, i.e., stimulating the water environment information under different conditions through setting a certain combine scenes (including management objective, wastewater treatment level, conditions of inflow rate, conditions of outflow rate and the like); and finally, comprehensively determining the ecological water amount of the lake under the pollution stress by combining different management requirements and ecological water levels. The action of pollution stress in the current situation is fully considered, the water quality model is coupled to the evaluation for the ecological water amount of the shallow lake, the ecological water amount of the shallow lake is estimated from water quality and water amount demand, so that the ecological water amount is more effectively applied to the actual water resources allocation, and the practicability of the method for estimating the ecological water amount is enhanced.

The invention discloses an ecological comprehensive treatment system of a northern mountain river channel. The system comprises three sub ecological systems of an ecological permeable dike built on the upstream of a main stream and a branch stream of a mountain river, a reservoir pond arranged at the middle and downstream area of the mountain river and a wet land communicated with the reservoir pond, and adopts an ecological treatment mode of closure-storage-preservation. The construction method comprises the steps of: a) building of the ecological permeable dike; b) setting of a triangular pyramidal wood pile stone cage; c) building of the reservoir pond; d) planting of plants of the reservoir pond; e) building of a wet land system; and f) recovery of a river bank band. The system and the construction method can effectively intercept the mountain debris flow and the river non-point source pollution, adjust the river runoff, improve the hydrologic conditions of the mountain river in non-flood season, decrease the dry season of the mountain river, and facilitate to recover the ecological system of the mountain river. Meanwhile, traditional depressions and empty ponds in the mountain river can be used in construction, so that the engineering building cost is reduced, and the self-cleaning capacity of river water is improved.

The invention relates to a method for using cheap material to design biological river bed in small-scale river in country, wherein said biological river bed is formed by surface wetland and submergent plant, while its has high purify ability and sewage control ability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of researching of an ecological system and provides a method for constructing a comprehensive control system for small-watershed surface source pollution. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, carrying out remote sensing monitoring on water loss and soil erosion; then carrying out field positioning observation and manually-simulated rainfall; analyzing radial water loss and soil erosion of different land utilization types and an output rate of surface source pollutants including nitrogen, phosphorus and the like through the field positioning observation and the manually-simulated rainfall; calculating a nitrogen and phosphorus source surface pollution load strength and partitioning; carrying out control technology configuration and biological measure benefit monitoring on the surface source pollution which takes the water loss and soil erosion as a carrier; and finally, establishing the comprehensive control system of the small-watershed surface source pollution. The invention provides main measures needing to be adopted and provides evidences for guaranteeing the safety of a main water source land and planning work for supporting water and soil maintenance of a drainage basin, therefore, the method has stronger popularization and application values.

The invention discloses an underwater cutter-suction type dredging construction method for an urban ecological river. The construction method includes the following steps of construction preparation, selection of a dredger, laying of a sludge conveying pipeline, arrangement of a sludge throwing field, laying of a chamber type drain opening, laying of a sludge inlet pipe opening, dredging through the cutter suction dredger, and drainage consolidation and outward sludge transportation of the sludge throwing field. The construction method is simple, easy to realize, scientific, convenient, high in work efficiency and wide in application range, and reduces labor cost. The construction method is mainly suitable for urban rivers and rural rivers wherein sludge is seriously piled up due to deposition of household refuse and construction waste, water and soil loss and the like, and is also suitable for dredging engineering, especially reclamation by pumping filling, of ports, rivers and lakes.

The invention relates to a recycling comprehensive treatment method for endogenous pollution of substrate sludge of a lake. According to the self purification ability of the lake and the input/output quantity of a pollutant, the polluting substrate sludge deposited at the bottom of the lake is dug up, thereby eliminating the residual pollutant exceeding the self purification ability and realizing the purification of the lake according to the self purification ability of the lake. The polluting substrate sludge in the lake is treated and recycled by adopting the following treatment modes of: (1) digging the polluting substrate sludge in the lake; (2) eliminating a heavy-metal pollutant in the slurry of the polluting substrate sludge; (3) eliminating a toxic organic pollutant in the slurry of the substrate sludge of which the heavy metal content reaches the standard; and (4) recycling the substrate sludge after the heavy-metal pollutant and the toxic organic pollutant are treated. By treating the lake with the endogenous pollution of the substrate sludge with the method, most of the endogenous pollutant inside the lake can be removed, the release of the pollutant of the substrate sludge to a water body is reduced, the pollution of the water body is fundamentally solved, and the balance of an ecological system is effectively maintained.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly river bed dredging method. The environment-friendly river bed dredging method comprises the following steps: (1) rotatably arranging a spiral reamer type dredging device which comprises a motor, a speed reducing box, a spiral reamer and a conveyor on a hull, fixedly connecting a caisson to the upper part of the inlet end of a cylindrical shell, and arranging a semicircular or cover-shaped hood above the caisson, wherein the spiral reamer is a conical spiral reamer of which the diameter of the head end is smaller than that of the tail end, and the right part of the caisson is inclined downwards to be close to the upper surface of the spiral reamer; (2) arranging a conveying pipe at the outlet end of the cylindrical shell, connecting the conveying pipe to an anchored boat or a shore, and then putting the front part of the spiral reamer type dredging device into a river bottom to enable sediment to reach the shore or the anchored boat through the conveying pipe at the outlet end of the cylindrical shell. According to the environment-friendly river bed dredging method, the stirred sediment is prevented from spreading upwards and spreading all around during working of the spiral reamer, blocking is avoided, the stress on a shaft and a base is reduced, and secondary pollution during dredging is avoided.

A small-flow river water cleaning and pollution stopping system comprises shore-based ecological beds, relaxation hydrophilic tribunes, ecological filtering beds and diversion rubber dams. The shore-based ecological beds are arranged on two shores of the river and in a slope structure, the shore-based ecological beds and water are separated through the relaxation hydrophilic tribunes, filtering layers are arranged on the side of the shore-based ecological beds, which are in contact with the relaxation hydrophilic tribunes, and a plurality of drainage openings are formed in the bottom of the relaxation hydrophilic tribunes. The ecological filtering beds are arranged in the water of the river and close to the sides of the shores, the middle of the two ecological filtering beds is a central region of the river, and the ecological filtering beds and the river central region are separated by permeable retaining walls and the diversion rubber dams on the permeable retaining walls. The ecological filtering beds are divided into upper and lower layers, filtering material layers are arranged on the lower layers, and soil layers are arranged on the upper layers. The ecological filtering beds are in rectangular or cambered structures and opened towards the river upstream direction to collect water from the upstream.

The invention discloses an integral sludge solidification ship which comprises a ship body, walking devices, a stirring device, a solidification agent conveying device and a power system, wherein the walking devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ship body, and each walking device comprises an impeller, a middle shaft connected with the impeller, and an impeller driving device connected with the middle shaft; an installation frame is arranged on the ship body; the stirring device is arranged on the installation frame; and the solidification agent conveying device is matched with the stirring device. The functions of walking on sludge, stirring and solidification are integrated by the integral sludge solidification ship; on one hand, sludge at the bottom of a pond can be solidified, so as to achieve the effect of cleaning a river channel; on the other hand, by aiming at a place where the sludge is stacked, the sludge can be solidified, so that the sludge is changed from the liquid state to the solid state, and a good engineering characteristic is achieved; the solidified sludge can be used as filled soil for earthworks such as roads, dykes, foundation filling and the like; and the problem of land occupation of the sludge is solved, and additionally, soil resources which can be recycled are generated.

The invention discloses an ecological filter dam and the design and construction methods thereof. And it is located in a non-flood carrying riverway, and its section is in a ladderlike double structure and the side-slope coefficient of its slope is 1/1-1/2.5, and it comprises four parts of: (A) control layer; (B) transition layer; (C) overflowing layer; and (D) steady layer. And its design flow: firstly surveying landform conditions of damming address and inquiring hydrometeorological data or other design data and obtaining the geometric parameters and design flow, substituting these parameters into the dupine formula in the seepage mechanics and calculating reasonable seepage coefficient and stay time, then making further design and selecting proper graded gravels, damming materials and plants. And it has the following remarkable advantages of: operating without power, reducing construction cost, having very good pertinency, able to obtain COD removal rate of about 10%, TN removal rate of 10%-20%, and TP removal rate of 20-40%.

The invention discloses a method for short-term prediction of salt tide at a water intake in a tidal river region. The method comprises the following steps of: analyzing the following influencing factors: the flow of upstream hydrologic monitoring stations and the tide level difference, water unavailable hours and average chloride concentration of the water intake in a day so as to establish a BP-RAGA coupled neural network salt tide forecasting model and predict the water unavailable hours and average chloride concentration of the water intake in the next day; and determining the water available hours and amount of each water intake on the basis of the prediction so as to determine the time and space distribution of raw water intaking amount of the tidal river in the next day and finally draw up a dispatching predetermined plan of a raw water system by combining an optimal dispatching module of the raw water system, so that the safe operation of the raw water system and safe urban water supply are ensured. Compared with the conventional prediction systems, the method can dynamically determine the weight of each influencing factor in the prediction module by fully using existing information, improve the sensitivity and precision of the prediction and have lower rate of missing report and false report.

The invention relates to general hydraulic engineering, in particular to a silting reduction system for a heavily silt-carrying river reservoir. The IPC numbers are E02B1/00 and E02B9/02. According to the system, a silt-blocking submerged dike is constructed in the reservoir, the reservoir is divided into a clean water reservoir area and a muddy water reservoir area, a silt conveying culvert is utilized for efficiently draining silt-carrying flow in the distance of the upstream of the dike out of the reservoir, the aims of water storage and silt discharging are achieved at the same time, and the rainfall washing distance of the reservoir is enlarged; fine-particle silt turned and overflowed to the area, in front of the dike, of the reservoir through the silt-blocking submerged dike is discharged out of the reservoir through a dike tunnel spillway in a submerged silt pump reservoir desilting mode; according to a wide, shallow and bent silting form occurring on a reservoir area riverway, a reservoir area straight river channel facilitating density flow transport is built in a submerged silt pump dredging mode, and the natural desilting effect of the reservoir is improved. The system is applicable to heavily silt-carrying river reservoir construction and silting waste reservoir reconstructed projects.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for a municipal eutrophicated river. The method comprises the following steps: arranging a barring and controlling water level system at a barring and controlling water gate of the river; in the main stem of the river, piling cubic meters of earth obtained after desilting to form an along-river gentle slope and a river-center island, wherein a bank slope ratio is 1: 2.5 to 1: 5, and a shoal water zone and a deep and broad water zone are successively formed from a dam of the river to the center of the river; carrying out rock mound type and jack-like concrete block type bottom shape reconstruction on the slope surface of the along-river gentle slope; constructing embankment-zone aquatic plant zones at the river-center island and the along-river gentle slope having undergone bottom shape reconstruction and constructing a plant floating bed bio-zone in an along-river zone; and releasing filter-feeding and omnivore fish, shellfish and shrimps. With the restoration method provided by the invention, the water quality of the river is improved from class IV and V to class III or a higher class; biodiversity of a water area is increase by more than 2 times; the river has better capability in smooth regulation of water storage and flood discharge; and a water system has the further improved functions of underground water supplement, carbon immobilization, oxygen release, climate adjustment, water conservation, etc.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively treating river channel water ecology through photocatalysis. The method comprises steps as follows: 1), upstream and downstream ranges of a to-be-treated river channel are determined, dams are built on the river channel respectively, and an upstream dam (3.1) and a downstream dam (3.2) are formed; 2), water insulation barriers (4) are arranged along banks of the river channel (1) in the downstream direction from a drain port (2), and a diversion trench (5) is formed between each water insulation barrier (4) and the corresponding river bank; 3), a microorganism contact oxidation area (6), a first photocatalysis area (7) and a first floristic area (8) are sequentially distributed in each diversion trench (5); 4), second photocatalysis areas (9) are distributed in a main river channel behind the upstream dam, and photocatalytic nets are further arranged in the second photocatalysis areas (9), and second floristic areas (10) are distributed on two sides of the main river channel. The isolation treatment method is adopted, so that the condition that the treatment difficulty is increased due to dilution of sewage at the drain port is effectively prevented, and the treatment cost is saved.

The invention relates to a method for dredging and management and ait construction, which belongs to the techniques of environment protection and hydraulic engineering. The method comprises the following steps of: protecting dikes along both shores of a river by a light and hard shell dike method; arranging a nose dike in the middle position of the gradually-wide section of the river along the upstream end of a longitudinally ridged sand sill; according to the shape of the sand sill, hard shell sheet piles gradually extending to the downstream along both sides of the nose dike to form an aequilate river surface; inserting sheet piles, connecting the sheet piles into a whole, throwing the dredged mud into a range surrounded by the hard shell sheet piles, and then gradually forming a man-made island; marking a helix-shaped man-made bay on the downstream of the gradually-narrow section of the river to form a fixing sand point on the sudden-widen river; and then planting and fixing sand on the man-made island. The invention aims to satisfy the functions of flood discharge, tide suppressing, irrigation, water storage and navigation, and also can establish stable man-made islands and marsh parks. The invention has the advantages of dike stabilization, reduction of sand accretion, utilization of natural energy, and increase of earth resources, and is suitable for various types of river management.

The invention relates to a curing agent for curing/stabilizing silt (sludge) and soft foundation, and the application thereof. The curing agent comprises 5-10 parts of cement clinker, 10-20 parts of aluminium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of quick lime, 1-5 parts of anhydrous gypsum, 50-60 parts of special rock ballast powder, 5-10 parts of sodium silicate, 0.1-3 parts of sodium fluosilicate, 1-3 parts of anionic polyacrylamide, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.3-1.0 part of carrageenan concentration powder; and the curing agent prepared by the components has the pH value of 8-9 and the particle size of 0.005-0.15mm. 5-10% of curing agent is evenly mixed with silt (sludge), and after treatment, the compression strength reaches 0.2-0.4Mpa and the compression strength of seven days reaches 0.9-1.85Mpa, so that the curing agent has the characteristics of excellent waterproof property, water stability and hydraulicity, and can be widely applied to the curing process for a sea reclamation intertidal zone, the curing process for the sludge generated by riverway dredging, the curing and stabilizing treatment for the sludge generated in a sewage treatment plant, the strengthening for the soil of a road soft foundation layer, and the leakage-proof treatment for a mud layer at the bottom of water in a river and a lake.