1588 results about "Hydrometry" patented technology

The invention provides a method for monitoring hydrology and water quality of a river basin under influence of water projects based on Internet of Things. According to the method, various fixed and flowing sensors are additionally mounted so as to obtain real-time hydrology and water quality data of important water areas, in combination with a video technology, monitoring on a spot environment is achieved, the monitoring information is transmitted through the Internet of Things, intelligent prediction for hydrology and water quality of the river basin is carried out through a neural network, and finally, critical applications, such as current situation assessment, tendency estimation, implementation effect estimation and extreme event handling, are achieved through an expert system. The method provided by the invention can provide real-time, reliable and complete hydrology and water quality information for the river basin under influence of water projects, and can achieve cross-regional and multi-machine type integrated remote protection for the river basin.

The invention provides a watershed hydrological model design method based on a storage capacity curve and a TOPMODEL, which comprises the following steps: calculating surface runoff yield; calculating subsurface runoff yield; calculating evapotranspiration; applying a water balance equation; establishing a convergence mechanism; generating isochrones; dynamically and visually expressing soil moisture; and coupling with a Noah land surface model (Noah LSM). The method has a high simulation deterministic coefficient, is advantageous over a semi-distributed model TOPMODEL, a Xinanjiang model and distributed hydrological models such as an engineering and science summer institute (ESSI) model, a hydrologic engineering center hydrologic modeling system (HEC-HMS) model and a soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model in the simulation of a daily runoff process and the simulation of a flood process, and overcomes the drawback that the conventional watershed hydrological model is usually inapplicable to hydrological process accurate simulation under large-scale, arid and semiarid conditions. The model of the invention can be successfully coupled with Noah LSM and improves the rainfall, soil moisture and runoff broadcasting capacity of a service weather research forecast mode, namely global/regional assimiliation prediction system (GRAPES)-mesoscale(MESO).

The invention discloses a hydrological model comprehensive uncertainty analysis method based on a Copula function. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting data information of a water basin; (2) establishing a hydrological model to simulate a water basin outlet section flow process; (3) determining a marginal probability distribution function of actually measured flow and simulation flow; (4) using the Copula function to construct an united probability distribution function of the actually measured flow and the simulation flow; (5) solving a condition probability distribution function of the actually measured flow while the simulation flow is given; (6) acquiring median of the actually measured flow and an uncertainty interval. Through the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the uncertainties of the model parameter and the model structure can be more comprehensively considered at the same time so as to obtain the comprehensive uncertainty of the hydrological model. The method disclosed by the invention is independent from a certainty hydrological model, and can be synergistically integrated with the certainty hydrological model with any complexity without adding any assumption on the model, and a universal theoretical frame is provided for the analysis of the comprehensive uncertainty of the hydrological model.

The invention discloses a reservoir, sluice and pump cluster combined saltwater tide control and scheduling method. The method comprises the following steps of: S1. establishing a Pearl River basin distributed hydrological model based on EasyDHM; S2. establishing a backbone reservoir cluster saltwater tide control and scheduling model; S3. calculating a flow process of a key node of the basin by utilizing the Pearl River basin distributed hydrological model based on EasyDHM, and inputting the flow process into the reservoir cluster saltwater tide control and scheduling model, thus obtaining a flow control process of a downstream key section through the model; and S4. determining a draining sluice, a freshwater releasing for water replenishing and saltwater tide control time and a draining saltwater tide control flow by utilizing a sluice and pump cluster freshwater releasing for water replenishing and saltwater tide control scheduling model. The reservoir, sluice and pump cluster combined saltwater tide control and scheduling method analyzes the runoff characteristics of the Pearl River basin in a dry season, forecasts the inflowing process of the key section of the basin during a drought period, and establishes an optimized scheduling model for the backbone reservoir cluster of the basin, thus achieving the coupling, nesting and rolling correction of real-time scheduling schemes on the basis of optimizing the scheduling schemes, overcoming the disadvantages brought by a deterministic scheduling model, and greatly improving the utilization rate of water resources during a scheduling period.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of water ecological restoration, and specifically discloses a rapid method for constructing a river way water ecosystem, the method includes the following steps: 1, collecting of to-be-repaired river way water ecological information; 2, detailed analysis of pollution information, sewage interception reoxygenation and blackness and odor removal by microbial decomposition; 3, planting of emergent proper aquatic plants, submerged plants and the like according to water and hydrological information; 4, control of algae by aquatic animals; and 5, water ecosystem maintenance; wherein aquatic plants are usually harvested in November each year, and plant body residues are cleaned up in early spring. Through combination of an ECO-EGG plug-flow aerator and the constructed river way water ecosystem, physical, chemical and biological-ecological approaches are effectively combined for phased treatment, water quality is rapidly improved, water eutrophication is controlled, water self-purification capacity can be improved, the water ecological structure and function can be restored, water quality can be long term and effectively improved, meanwhile the effectiveness, long effectiveness, economical efficiency and ecological compatibility of polluted water treatment can be unified.

The invention relates to an unsaturated zone soil water consumption characteristics based on overall process of water circulation. The method comprises the following steps of: building a dynamic conversion model of an unsaturated zone soil water subsystem; simulating circulation of regional unsaturated zone soil water; performing data assimilation of a hydrological model and a remote sensing retrieval of soil water evapotranspiration; determining an evapotranspiration structure; and performing quantitative evaluation on soil water consumption characteristics. According to the invention, an unsaturated zone soil water dynamic conversion model based on sub-watershed spatial dispersion and coupled with a surface and ground water circulation model is used, and the evaluation method of soil water consumption characteristics provided on the basis of the unsaturated zone soil water dynamic conversion model can realize quantitative simulation of soil water in a large spatial scale watershed or region, and quantitative evaluation on consumption characteristics. The method is combined with consumption characteristics evaluation theory of land utilization, and is beneficial for guiding rational utilization of soil water. The technical method provided by the invention is universal and easy to be popularized and applied.

The invention relates to the field of hydrologic calculations, and more specifically, to a sponge city hydrologic calculation method. The method includes the steps of S1, collecting rainfall-related basic data within a set time limit of a study region; S2, combined with the collected data, constructing a SWMM model suitable for the study region; S3, constructing different rainfall scenarios, combined with the SWMM drainage model, analyzing response characteristics of a drainage system in the region before and after the regulation and control via LID measures under the different rainfall scenarios, and comparing regulation and control effects of the LID measures; and S4, establishing a regional rainfall flood characteristic assessment system to explore spatial and temporal characteristics of a rainfall flood before and after the regulation and control via the LID measures under the different rainfall scenarios. The invention provides the sponge city hydrologic calculation method, whichconstructs the regional drainage model, simulates the peak runoff, drainage pipe network drainage pressure, water accumulation time and water accumulation amount in a sub catchment region before and after the regulation and control via the LID measures in the region under various extreme rainfall scenarios, is conducive to grasping the regulation and control effects of the LID measures on the regional rainfall flood and facilitates the setting of the LID measures in the construction of sponge cities.

The invention discloses a hydrologic process data and historical prior data combined flood prediction method. A weighted clustering algorithm is adopted to perform cluster analysis on rainfall information to approximate water content information; cleaning is conducted on data, missing data is supplemented, and wrong data is corrected; a general hydrologic model is selected according to the basin characteristics to obtain causal reasoning relationships between variables in the hydrologic process; a directed graph manner is adopted to represent each set of reasoning relationship, wherein nodes represent physical variables, the direction of edges indicates the causal reasoning relationships, and a bayesian network is constructed by using a topological structure; historical data is utilized incombination with the general hydrologic model for simulation to generate intermediate result data to form a sample set together; historical prior knowledge is obtained according to the sample set, and a conditional probability table is calculated to achieve training on the network and complete the comprehensive modeling of hydrologic process knowledge and the historical prior knowledge; test datais input to achieve flood prediction.

The invention discloses a method and device for detecting rain fall through laser. The device comprises a laser light source meeting a certain wavelength and power requirement, a parallel sheet light beam generating system based on a specified generation method, a two-dimensional water particle bidirectional sampling measurement area formed by two parallel sheets perpendicularly intersected in the horizontal direction, a linear array sensor and a rain fall detecting data processing and information feedback system. The device for detecting the rain fall through laser greatly improves the constant and stable property of detecting light and reduces measurement errors caused by light source power fluctuation. A real time humidity/ meteorological parameter sensing critical starting method is adopted. Due to the fact that calibration and correction are conducted before detection, the measurement errors caused by drifting of work points of the system can be reduced to the largest extent, and meanwhile energy consumption of a measurement system is reduced. By means of the device for detecting the rain fall through the laser, the rain fall, raininess and a raindrop spectrum can be accurately and continuously observed and measured in real time. The device for detecting the rain fall through the laser can be applied to the related fields for observing, measuring and forecasting the rain fall including weather, hydrology, high way conditions, airport taking-off and landing and the like.

The invention discloses a GMS-based (groundwater modeling system) forecast method for ground water seepage fields at different mining levels of a mining area. The method comprises the steps that through performing analytical investigation on hydrogeological conditions of an area, boundary conditions and water containing bodies are generalized, ground water runoff conditions are analyzed, and coefficients of each source sink term are determined; the GMS is adopted to perform finite difference grid division on a simulation area, an initial water head is determined based on the water level of an observation well, hydrological parameters of each simulation sub-area are determined based on a pumping test and the provided data, hydrological module types of the source sink terms in the area are analyzed, assignment is performed on a corresponding hydrogeological map layer by combining the determined source sink term coefficients, and then a subarea map of the osmotic coefficients at different mining levels is obtained; prediction models for ground water seepage fields of a mining area are established based on GMS, and the observation data is utilized to adjust the hydrogeological parameters of the models, and finally, simulation is performed by combining with the discharge capacities at different mining levels to obtain the ground water seepage fields at different mining levels. The method has the advantages of convenience in operation, excellent three-dimensional visualization function and reliable result.

The invention discloses an urban hydrological simulation system and a simulation method, which relate to the technical field of urban precipitation management. The invention includes a rainfall floodmanagement model, the simulation system includes a time-varying precipitation unit, a surface water evaporation unit, a snow cover and melt unit, a depression interception unit, a soil seepage unit, agroundwater recharge unit, a groundwater and drainage pipe exchange unit, a slope catchment unit, a LID control unit, a region editing unit that are associated with the rainfall flood management model, and the simulation system further comprise a storage module, an aquifer editing module and a groundwater flow editing module. The invention has comprehensive simulation function and can provide comprehensive and representative analysis data through a complete functional system unit structure. The influence of DCIA and TIA setting on runoff generation in urbanization region is analyzed under thepremise of comprehensive consideration of parameters. More objective and accurate reference and opinions are provided for urban planning.

The invention discloses a multi-basin real-time intelligent water quality predication method and system. According to the multi-basin real-time intelligent water quality predication method and system, an NARX model is optimized through a genetic algorithm and a problem that earlier stage parameters of the NARX model are uncertain; a GA-NARX model is stored or called through a model storage module to predicate the multi-basin water quality condition in real time; essential data, recent data and history emergency data are performed on three-section training and accordingly an optimized GA-NARX model can basically comprise river pollution characteristics and the predication accuracy is improved; weather data replaces hydrological data and is performed on obfuscation processing and accordingly influences to the model from flow data missing are effectively solved; matching of similar pollution time sequence templates is performed through an improved DTW algorithm, a similar pollution process in the basin history is rapidly found out, experience is referred and learned, and sudden emergency accidents are accurately predicted. The multi-basin real-time intelligent water quality predication method and system can be widely applied to the water quality predication field.

The invention provides an intelligent sponge city flood forecasting method, which belongs to the technical field of city management, and comprises the following steps: constructing a research area plane calculation grid; determining a hydrological hydrodynamic time history continuous calculation time interval between the grids; extracting high spatial resolution grid elevation and land utilization/coverage information; assigning values to the grid precipitation time history data; assigning values to the grid production and confluence parameters; taking the grid elevation, the land utilization/coverage information and the rainfall and runoff production and confluence parameters as a model operation database, integrating a hydrological hydrodynamic theory, and constructing a hydrological hydrodynamic model by using the method; verifying the hydrological hydrodynamic model; and based on the simulation result of the hydrological hydrodynamic model, performing basin runoff production and confluence and flood disaster prediction. According to the method, the urban flood problem can be quickly, intelligently and flexibly dealt with by realizing real-time quick forecasting of rain conditions and water conditions, real-time quick forecasting of urban flood, intelligent regulation and control of a water system and refined management.

The invention discloses a debris flow pre-warning method. In view of the shortcoming that the channel-started debris flow critical rainfall threshold calculation method in the prior art needs to be based on long-term debris flow observation data, the invention provides a debris flow pre-warning method. The core of the method is a debris flow start critical value Cr calculation method expressed by debris flow channel topography, geology, and a hydrological factor. According to the method, the Cr value of a pre-warning monitored area is used as a monitored value, and debris flow pre-warning levels are set according to the magnitudes of monitored values; when Cr is less than 0.35, the condition is green and safe; when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.47, a debris flow orange pre-warning is issued; and when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.47, a debris flow red pre-warning is issued. In optimized condition, the rainfall amount of 1h is used as a common monitored value at the same time. The invention also provides a debris flow pre-warning method with an equivalent rainfall R* value as a main monitored value. The method has a reliable principle, the threshold calculation more conforms to debris flow forming mechanism; the threshold calculation is not based on long-term observation data, and has better disaster preventing applicability.

An automatic hydrologic parameter measuring system for a river flow comprises a supporting installed below a bridge surface; a waterproof box connected to a steel rope for suspending a weight; another end of the rope extending downwards out of the waterproof box for retaining the weight; a waterproof electric wire winding around the steel rope for transferring signals to the signal processor; a water pressure meter installed in a hollow space of the weight; when the weight being in water, the water pressure meter starts the measuring process; after the weight reaches to the riverbed, the water pressure is unchangeable; and a water pressure meter installed in a hollow space of the weight; when the weight being in water, the water pressure meter starts the measuring process; after the weight reaches to the riverbed, the water pressure is unchangeable.

The invention discloses a method for inverting a field flood runoff process in a data-free area, and relates to the technical field of hydrological data arrangement. The method comprises the steps ofadopting a natural watershed segmentation method; dividing a data-free area into independent sub-basins; simulating and calibrating a rainfall runoff process of a drainage basin above a downstream hydrological station in a data-free region; obtaining hydrological model parameters of a data-free area; constructing a hydrological model of a data-free area, and obtaining the runoff process of the flood data-free area by substituting equal-interval rainfall data of the field flood of the runoff process to be solved of the data-free area and calibrating final parameters of the data-free area modelinto the hydrological model of the data-free area. Therefore, with the adoption of the method provided by the invention, a higher precision runoff process of the field flood can be obtained through simple operation under the condition that few materials are mastered.

The invention relates to a flood forecasting method based on a water level sample. The flood forecasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of S01: simulating a runoff formation process by adopting a water tank mode, and abstracting the process of converting rainfall into runoff into a relation between the water storage and the outflow of a drainage basin; S02: establishing a function relation between the flow and the water level, performing function fitting on the water level and the average velocity of the cross section first by adopting a zero-crossing power function, and then establishing a relation between the water level of the cross section and the flow; S03: obtaining a relation between the rainfall capacity and the outflow water level; S04: continuously improving the accuracy of a hydrological model by comparing an obtained outflow water level process with an actually measured water level value and adjusting parameters of the hydrological model; S05: inputting the rainfall capacity and the surface evaporation quantity of the upstream drainage basin by aiming at the calibrated hydrological model, so as to obtain the downstream outlet water level process, judging whether a forecasting area is flooded according to a water level peak value, and analyzing the lag time between a rainfall peak and a flood peak according to existing water level rainfall data, so as to determine the peak time.

The invention discloses a method for quantitatively forecasting extreme rainfall. The method comprises the following steps that: I, an input module (100) reads raw data of a hydrometric station from a database or an Excel file, performing abnormal detection and washing on the read data, and preprocessing the data to obtain standardized hydrometric time sequence data; II, a modeling module (200) constructs a model consisting of a first forecasting model (210), a second forecasting model (220) and a combined BP neural network (230) according to the hydrometric time sequence data in the input module (100); III, a correction module (300) performs parameter adjustment on the forecasting models constructed in the modeling module (200) according to the quality of the forecast data in the step II; and IV, an output module (400) stores an extreme rainfall forecast value in the next year into the database or the file, so that a user can check and analyze the data. By the method, a yearly average extreme rainfall amount can be modeled and forecast from a data excavation angle; and the method is high in applicability and relatively high in accuracy.

The invention discloses a wireless remote automatic monitoring method for water level, relating to the technical field of water level and hydrology monitoring. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: a field sensor (3) is used for collecting the hydrographic data of the water level and the like; the collected water level data is transmitted to a center control station (1) by a GPRSRTU through GPRS network, and a solar panel and a lithium battery (5) is used for storing and supplying the field electric power; the center control station (1) is used for processing the data, such as check, storage and the like; the center control station (1) is connected with a mobile phone (2) in wireless manner; the mobile phone (2) and the center control station (1) are arranged at any different place, and the monitoring can be realized by water level monitoring software. In the method, wireless transmission monitoring of the water level data can be realized, thus the monitoring is accurate, timely and quickly. The method can lighten the labor intensity, reduce the cost and enhance the work efficiency, is particularly suitable for the field use and the remote use, and can be widely used in the water level monitoring of the reservoirs, the rivers, the lakes, the irrigation ditches, the mines and the like.

The invention relates to a quantitative evaluation method for coal-bed top-plate water burst (inrush) conditions in coalfield and coal industry, which comprises the following steps: on the basis of systematic and comprehensive analysis on the geohydrologic conditions of a mine, finding direct and indirect water bearing layers closely related to the coal-bed top-plate water inrush, drawing a wateryarea chart and an inbreak safety area chart, and drawing a water burst (inrush) condition comprehensive area chart by combining all geoscience information of the two areas; and dynamically predictingthe pre-exploration pre-evacuation proposal of the project water burst quantity and the top-plate direct bearing layer of the stope by using Visual Modflow professional software. From the quantitative and comprehensive analysis on the water burst (inrush) conditions to the quantitative simulated prediction on the water burst (inrush) quantity and the pre-exploration pre-evacuation quantity, the three-chart two-prediction method forms a whole set of systematic research train of thought and research methods, and has certain advantages in the whole and sectional project water burst quantities ofthe stope having higher requirements on prediction precision.

The invention relates to a dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device and belongs to the technical field of automatic detection. The measuring device has high precision and high durability, is mainly applied to the technical fields of water conservancy, hydrology and the like and is used for the automatic detection on the icing ice layer thickness of river ice, lake ice and sea ice. The dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device is characterized in that the measuring device belongs to the dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device for high-precision forecasting of water conservancy and hydrology ice conditions, and the whole set of measuring device consists of two parts including a transmission system and a measuring system. The dual systems are characterized in that the transmission system consists of two sets of identical lead screw transmission systems which are respectively a front transmission system and a back transmission system, the measuring precision of the measuring device is higher and can reach +/-2mm, and the measuring device belongs to an automatic monitoring device. The measuring device has the advantages that the measuring method is intuitional and is similar to the most common clamping measuring method (such as a caliper rule and a micrometer) in the mechanical industry, and the high-precision measurement of the ice layer thickness is realized. The dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device is suitable for the automatic measurement of the ice layer thickness of nearshore sea ice and riverway river ice or lake ice around a hydrological station.

The invention provides a flow monitoring device and a hydrologic monitoring device and relates to the technical field of hydrologic equipment. The flow monitoring device comprises a flow velocity detection module, a distance acquisition module and a lifting component, wherein the flow velocity detection module is mounted on the lifting component and used for detecting flow velocity of water flow, the distance acquisition module is used for acquiring a distance between the flow velocity detection module and the water surface, and the lifting component is used for driving the flow velocity detection module to ascend and descend when the distance between the flow velocity detection module and the water surface does not correspond to a preset distance. The flow monitoring device is capable of adjusting the distance between the flow velocity detection module and the water surface timely when a water body changes in depth to improve computing accuracy of hydrologic monitoring data such as mean velocity in section, so that error of the hydrologic monitoring data is reduced and the accuracy of the hydrologic monitoring data is improved effectively.