1600 results about "Hydrometry" patented technology

The invention provides a method for monitoring hydrology and water quality of a river basin under influence of water projects based on Internet of Things. According to the method, various fixed and flowing sensors are additionally mounted so as to obtain real-time hydrology and water quality data of important water areas, in combination with a video technology, monitoring on a spot environment is achieved, the monitoring information is transmitted through the Internet of Things, intelligent prediction for hydrology and water quality of the river basin is carried out through a neural network, and finally, critical applications, such as current situation assessment, tendency estimation, implementation effect estimation and extreme event handling, are achieved through an expert system. The method provided by the invention can provide real-time, reliable and complete hydrology and water quality information for the river basin under influence of water projects, and can achieve cross-regional and multi-machine type integrated remote protection for the river basin.

The invention provides a watershed hydrological model design method based on a storage capacity curve and a TOPMODEL, which comprises the following steps: calculating surface runoff yield; calculating subsurface runoff yield; calculating evapotranspiration; applying a water balance equation; establishing a convergence mechanism; generating isochrones; dynamically and visually expressing soil moisture; and coupling with a Noah land surface model (Noah LSM). The method has a high simulation deterministic coefficient, is advantageous over a semi-distributed model TOPMODEL, a Xinanjiang model and distributed hydrological models such as an engineering and science summer institute (ESSI) model, a hydrologic engineering center hydrologic modeling system (HEC-HMS) model and a soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model in the simulation of a daily runoff process and the simulation of a flood process, and overcomes the drawback that the conventional watershed hydrological model is usually inapplicable to hydrological process accurate simulation under large-scale, arid and semiarid conditions. The model of the invention can be successfully coupled with Noah LSM and improves the rainfall, soil moisture and runoff broadcasting capacity of a service weather research forecast mode, namely global / regional assimiliation prediction system (GRAPES)-mesoscale(MESO).

A system and method for restoring the natural water cycle by reducing stormwater runoff and addressing issues affecting groundwater supply. In one embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a roof washer component, cistern component, pump, and manufactured dry well. The system is designed to divert polluted rooftop runoff, capture clean rooftop runoff and store this clean water for irrigation purposes and nonpotable uses, while infiltrating excess water to recharge groundwater supplies thereby replicating the natural hydrologic cycle.

The invention discloses a method and system for predicting short-term running water. The method comprises the steps of: S1, analyzing a running water law in a river basin and initializing data, wherein the analysis of the running water law in the river basin comprises analysis on relevance and characteristics of the river basin, analysis on running water sequence period and trend of the river basin, hydrologic year division, staging of reservoir regulation and selection of step-shaped typical year of the river basin; S2, establishing and calling a short-term running water prediction model; and S3, solving the short-term running water prediction model, verifying if the precision of the model is optimal, and outputting a short-term running water prediction result. According to the method and system for predicting the short-term running water, disclosed by the invention, the precision of prediction of the short-term running water can be improved.

The invention discloses a hydrological model comprehensive uncertainty analysis method based on a Copula function. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting data information of a water basin; (2) establishing a hydrological model to simulate a water basin outlet section flow process; (3) determining a marginal probability distribution function of actually measured flow and simulation flow; (4) using the Copula function to construct an united probability distribution function of the actually measured flow and the simulation flow; (5) solving a condition probability distribution function of the actually measured flow while the simulation flow is given; (6) acquiring median of the actually measured flow and an uncertainty interval. Through the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the uncertainties of the model parameter and the model structure can be more comprehensively considered at the same time so as to obtain the comprehensive uncertainty of the hydrological model. The method disclosed by the invention is independent from a certainty hydrological model, and can be synergistically integrated with the certainty hydrological model with any complexity without adding any assumption on the model, and a universal theoretical frame is provided for the analysis of the comprehensive uncertainty of the hydrological model.

The invention belongs to the field of modeling of a DEM (digital elevation model) and particularly relates to a multiscale DEM modeling method giving consideration to contents of surface hydrology. By carrying out runoff analysis on the DEM to extract a hydrological response region of a topographical surface, a hierarchical structure tree of a watershed area is established; by generalizing hydrological characteristics of a surface elevation point, a hydrological contribution index of the elevation point for a topographic form is calculated; by inspecting weighted topography description error of the elevation point, topographic feature point set is selected; and an elastic position seeking strategy is adopted to automatically regulate an integration degree control parameter so as to implement multiscale DEM automatic integration giving consideration to the contents of surface hydrology. Therefore, the multiscale DEM modeling method has the following advantages that topographic and hydrological features of an original high-accuracy DEM can be effectively kept and topological and logic consistency of the topographic and hydrological features of the multiscale DEM can be ensured; and automation and generating efficiency of the multiscale DEM modeling are improved and the requirement on the scale self-adaptation DEM in the practical application can be met.

A hydrographic information automatically monitor in real time and the situation of a disaster prewarning and alarm system includes hydrographic information detection cell, incepts and processed the hydrographic information collection sent by the hydrographic information detection cell and process transmission cell, according to the situation of a disaster prewarning determination cell determined by the hydrographic information collection and process transmission cell and the situation of a disaster alarm long-distance distribution determined by the situation of a disaster prewarning determination cell and the monitor cell, incepts the said determination the situation of a disaster alarm incept and monitor cell, and the situation of a disaster alarm broadcast and situation detection cell which sends the alarm. The system can make each hydrographic monitor station reports the detected hydrographic information to the upper flood control and hydrographic chief department, so the determination department can realize the hydrographic information of each hydrographic monitor station effectively, makes timely determination and the situation of a disaster prewarning, sends the situation of a disaster alarm to the monitor area in time.

The invention discloses a reservoir, sluice and pump cluster combined saltwater tide control and scheduling method. The method comprises the following steps of: S1. establishing a Pearl River basin distributed hydrological model based on EasyDHM; S2. establishing a backbone reservoir cluster saltwater tide control and scheduling model; S3. calculating a flow process of a key node of the basin by utilizing the Pearl River basin distributed hydrological model based on EasyDHM, and inputting the flow process into the reservoir cluster saltwater tide control and scheduling model, thus obtaining a flow control process of a downstream key section through the model; and S4. determining a draining sluice, a freshwater releasing for water replenishing and saltwater tide control time and a draining saltwater tide control flow by utilizing a sluice and pump cluster freshwater releasing for water replenishing and saltwater tide control scheduling model. The reservoir, sluice and pump cluster combined saltwater tide control and scheduling method analyzes the runoff characteristics of the Pearl River basin in a dry season, forecasts the inflowing process of the key section of the basin during a drought period, and establishes an optimized scheduling model for the backbone reservoir cluster of the basin, thus achieving the coupling, nesting and rolling correction of real-time scheduling schemes on the basis of optimizing the scheduling schemes, overcoming the disadvantages brought by a deterministic scheduling model, and greatly improving the utilization rate of water resources during a scheduling period.

A method and system is provided for producing erosionally stable fluvial geomorphic landscape designs in a computer aided design environment. A topography input module is configured to access a three-dimensional model of existing topography of a site, while a data input module is configured to receive climatic and hydrological data associated with the site. A channel geometry module is configured to utilize the three-dimensional model and the data to generate dimensions for one or more proposed ephemeral channels. A design surface module generates a graphical view of a proposed landform at the site using the existing topography, the proposed ephemeral channels, and optionally, various complementary topographic features.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of water ecological restoration, and specifically discloses a rapid method for constructing a river way water ecosystem, the method includes the following steps: 1, collecting of to-be-repaired river way water ecological information; 2, detailed analysis of pollution information, sewage interception reoxygenation and blackness and odor removal by microbial decomposition; 3, planting of emergent proper aquatic plants, submerged plants and the like according to water and hydrological information; 4, control of algae by aquatic animals; and 5, water ecosystem maintenance; wherein aquatic plants are usually harvested in November each year, and plant body residues are cleaned up in early spring. Through combination of an ECO-EGG plug-flow aerator and the constructed river way water ecosystem, physical, chemical and biological-ecological approaches are effectively combined for phased treatment, water quality is rapidly improved, water eutrophication is controlled, water self-purification capacity can be improved, the water ecological structure and function can be restored, water quality can be long term and effectively improved, meanwhile the effectiveness, long effectiveness, economical efficiency and ecological compatibility of polluted water treatment can be unified.

Disclosed is a composite hydrological monitoring system, in which a counterweight component and a test component are respectively connected to both opposite ends of a strip and a plurality of sensors are disposed at different vertical positions. Accordingly, the scour depth can be measured by sensing the location of the counterweight component, whereas the water level and / or flow velocity can be determined by signals from the sensors. When the counterweight component moves downward with sinking of the riverbed, the strip would be pulled down and thus causes the test component to present a change in mechanical energy. Accordingly, the sinking depth can be measured by sensing the change of the mechanical energy. Additionally, since the water level variation would cause signal changes of the sensors arranged in a row along a vertical direction, the change of water level can be determined accordingly.

The invention discloses a complex plain river network area hydrological model processing method based on ArcGIS. The method is characterized in that an underlying surface feature of a city, a country(comprising polder area and non-polder area) and water surface, and spatial distribution of the same can be distinguished in an aspect of sub-basin division, and thus a runoff generation and flow concentration process of different underlying surface types can be computed by using of different hydrological model; a river channel is interrupted at a river network bifurcated point and a city-country water region junction, a one-to-one correspondence of a catchment and a river reach is realized, thus coupling of hydrological model and hydrodynamic model is facilitated, and an unneccessary river channel segmentation in a modeling process can be reduced; a quick distribution of an underlying surface to a closest river channel is realized by an "Euclidean Allocation" tool; and adjustment of runoff process is performed by using a drainage modulus and an urban pipeline network maximum discharge capacity, the adjusted runoff process is further accorded with a hydrological rule in the plain area, and a simulation accuracy can be improved theoretically.

The invention relates to the field of hydrologic calculations, and more specifically, to a sponge city hydrologic calculation method. The method includes the steps of S1, collecting rainfall-related basic data within a set time limit of a study region; S2, combined with the collected data, constructing a SWMM model suitable for the study region; S3, constructing different rainfall scenarios, combined with the SWMM drainage model, analyzing response characteristics of a drainage system in the region before and after the regulation and control via LID measures under the different rainfall scenarios, and comparing regulation and control effects of the LID measures; and S4, establishing a regional rainfall flood characteristic assessment system to explore spatial and temporal characteristics of a rainfall flood before and after the regulation and control via the LID measures under the different rainfall scenarios. The invention provides the sponge city hydrologic calculation method, whichconstructs the regional drainage model, simulates the peak runoff, drainage pipe network drainage pressure, water accumulation time and water accumulation amount in a sub catchment region before and after the regulation and control via the LID measures in the region under various extreme rainfall scenarios, is conducive to grasping the regulation and control effects of the LID measures on the regional rainfall flood and facilitates the setting of the LID measures in the construction of sponge cities.

The invention discloses a hydrologic process data and historical prior data combined flood prediction method. A weighted clustering algorithm is adopted to perform cluster analysis on rainfall information to approximate water content information; cleaning is conducted on data, missing data is supplemented, and wrong data is corrected; a general hydrologic model is selected according to the basin characteristics to obtain causal reasoning relationships between variables in the hydrologic process; a directed graph manner is adopted to represent each set of reasoning relationship, wherein nodes represent physical variables, the direction of edges indicates the causal reasoning relationships, and a bayesian network is constructed by using a topological structure; historical data is utilized incombination with the general hydrologic model for simulation to generate intermediate result data to form a sample set together; historical prior knowledge is obtained according to the sample set, and a conditional probability table is calculated to achieve training on the network and complete the comprehensive modeling of hydrologic process knowledge and the historical prior knowledge; test datais input to achieve flood prediction.

The invention discloses a method and device for detecting rain fall through laser. The device comprises a laser light source meeting a certain wavelength and power requirement, a parallel sheet light beam generating system based on a specified generation method, a two-dimensional water particle bidirectional sampling measurement area formed by two parallel sheets perpendicularly intersected in the horizontal direction, a linear array sensor and a rain fall detecting data processing and information feedback system. The device for detecting the rain fall through laser greatly improves the constant and stable property of detecting light and reduces measurement errors caused by light source power fluctuation. A real time humidity / meteorological parameter sensing critical starting method is adopted. Due to the fact that calibration and correction are conducted before detection, the measurement errors caused by drifting of work points of the system can be reduced to the largest extent, and meanwhile energy consumption of a measurement system is reduced. By means of the device for detecting the rain fall through the laser, the rain fall, raininess and a raindrop spectrum can be accurately and continuously observed and measured in real time. The device for detecting the rain fall through the laser can be applied to the related fields for observing, measuring and forecasting the rain fall including weather, hydrology, high way conditions, airport taking-off and landing and the like.

The invention discloses a GMS-based (groundwater modeling system) forecast method for ground water seepage fields at different mining levels of a mining area. The method comprises the steps that through performing analytical investigation on hydrogeological conditions of an area, boundary conditions and water containing bodies are generalized, ground water runoff conditions are analyzed, and coefficients of each source sink term are determined; the GMS is adopted to perform finite difference grid division on a simulation area, an initial water head is determined based on the water level of an observation well, hydrological parameters of each simulation sub-area are determined based on a pumping test and the provided data, hydrological module types of the source sink terms in the area are analyzed, assignment is performed on a corresponding hydrogeological map layer by combining the determined source sink term coefficients, and then a subarea map of the osmotic coefficients at different mining levels is obtained; prediction models for ground water seepage fields of a mining area are established based on GMS, and the observation data is utilized to adjust the hydrogeological parameters of the models, and finally, simulation is performed by combining with the discharge capacities at different mining levels to obtain the ground water seepage fields at different mining levels. The method has the advantages of convenience in operation, excellent three-dimensional visualization function and reliable result.

The invention discloses an urban hydrological simulation system and a simulation method, which relate to the technical field of urban precipitation management. The invention includes a rainfall floodmanagement model, the simulation system includes a time-varying precipitation unit, a surface water evaporation unit, a snow cover and melt unit, a depression interception unit, a soil seepage unit, agroundwater recharge unit, a groundwater and drainage pipe exchange unit, a slope catchment unit, a LID control unit, a region editing unit that are associated with the rainfall flood management model, and the simulation system further comprise a storage module, an aquifer editing module and a groundwater flow editing module. The invention has comprehensive simulation function and can provide comprehensive and representative analysis data through a complete functional system unit structure. The influence of DCIA and TIA setting on runoff generation in urbanization region is analyzed under thepremise of comprehensive consideration of parameters. More objective and accurate reference and opinions are provided for urban planning.

The invention discloses a multi-basin real-time intelligent water quality predication method and system. According to the multi-basin real-time intelligent water quality predication method and system, an NARX model is optimized through a genetic algorithm and a problem that earlier stage parameters of the NARX model are uncertain; a GA-NARX model is stored or called through a model storage module to predicate the multi-basin water quality condition in real time; essential data, recent data and history emergency data are performed on three-section training and accordingly an optimized GA-NARX model can basically comprise river pollution characteristics and the predication accuracy is improved; weather data replaces hydrological data and is performed on obfuscation processing and accordingly influences to the model from flow data missing are effectively solved; matching of similar pollution time sequence templates is performed through an improved DTW algorithm, a similar pollution process in the basin history is rapidly found out, experience is referred and learned, and sudden emergency accidents are accurately predicted. The multi-basin real-time intelligent water quality predication method and system can be widely applied to the water quality predication field.

The invention provides an intelligent sponge city flood forecasting method, which belongs to the technical field of city management, and comprises the following steps: constructing a research area plane calculation grid; determining a hydrological hydrodynamic time history continuous calculation time interval between the grids; extracting high spatial resolution grid elevation and land utilization / coverage information; assigning values to the grid precipitation time history data; assigning values to the grid production and confluence parameters; taking the grid elevation, the land utilization / coverage information and the rainfall and runoff production and confluence parameters as a model operation database, integrating a hydrological hydrodynamic theory, and constructing a hydrological hydrodynamic model by using the method; verifying the hydrological hydrodynamic model; and based on the simulation result of the hydrological hydrodynamic model, performing basin runoff production and confluence and flood disaster prediction. According to the method, the urban flood problem can be quickly, intelligently and flexibly dealt with by realizing real-time quick forecasting of rain conditions and water conditions, real-time quick forecasting of urban flood, intelligent regulation and control of a water system and refined management.

The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing, and discloses an LSTM neural network cycle hydrological forecasting method based on mutual information, which comprises the following steps: screening and classifying original data through mutual information analysis, and taking rainfall, reservoir water level and flow hydrological characteristics as input characteristics of a long-term and short-term memory cycle forecasting model; the long-term change of flood is reflected by simulating rainfall process training and determining the structure of the LSTMC model; and verifying the output of the model by using the actual flood data. According to the method, the data set is analyzed by adopting a mutual information-based method, the flow at the current moment and each hydrological characteristic of the previous longer time period are fully captured, and the input characteristics of the model are dynamically selected. According to the method, the deep learning algorithm is utilized, the cyclic prediction model based on the LSTM neural network is adopted, when the method is used for flood flow time series prediction, the problem that the hydrological change process is greatly influenced by factors in the earlier stage is solved, and effective features can be automatically captured well.

The invention discloses a debris flow pre-warning method. In view of the shortcoming that the channel-started debris flow critical rainfall threshold calculation method in the prior art needs to be based on long-term debris flow observation data, the invention provides a debris flow pre-warning method. The core of the method is a debris flow start critical value Cr calculation method expressed by debris flow channel topography, geology, and a hydrological factor. According to the method, the Cr value of a pre-warning monitored area is used as a monitored value, and debris flow pre-warning levels are set according to the magnitudes of monitored values; when Cr is less than 0.35, the condition is green and safe; when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.47, a debris flow orange pre-warning is issued; and when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.47, a debris flow red pre-warning is issued. In optimized condition, the rainfall amount of 1h is used as a common monitored value at the same time. The invention also provides a debris flow pre-warning method with an equivalent rainfall R* value as a main monitored value. The method has a reliable principle, the threshold calculation more conforms to debris flow forming mechanism; the threshold calculation is not based on long-term observation data, and has better disaster preventing applicability.

An automatic hydrologic parameter measuring system for a river flow comprises a supporting installed below a bridge surface; a waterproof box connected to a steel rope for suspending a weight; another end of the rope extending downwards out of the waterproof box for retaining the weight; a waterproof electric wire winding around the steel rope for transferring signals to the signal processor; a water pressure meter installed in a hollow space of the weight; when the weight being in water, the water pressure meter starts the measuring process; after the weight reaches to the riverbed, the water pressure is unchangeable; and a water pressure meter installed in a hollow space of the weight; when the weight being in water, the water pressure meter starts the measuring process; after the weight reaches to the riverbed, the water pressure is unchangeable.

The invention discloses a method for inverting a field flood runoff process in a data-free area, and relates to the technical field of hydrological data arrangement. The method comprises the steps ofadopting a natural watershed segmentation method; dividing a data-free area into independent sub-basins; simulating and calibrating a rainfall runoff process of a drainage basin above a downstream hydrological station in a data-free region; obtaining hydrological model parameters of a data-free area; constructing a hydrological model of a data-free area, and obtaining the runoff process of the flood data-free area by substituting equal-interval rainfall data of the field flood of the runoff process to be solved of the data-free area and calibrating final parameters of the data-free area modelinto the hydrological model of the data-free area. Therefore, with the adoption of the method provided by the invention, a higher precision runoff process of the field flood can be obtained through simple operation under the condition that few materials are mastered.

The invention relates to a flood forecasting method based on a water level sample. The flood forecasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of S01: simulating a runoff formation process by adopting a water tank mode, and abstracting the process of converting rainfall into runoff into a relation between the water storage and the outflow of a drainage basin; S02: establishing a function relation between the flow and the water level, performing function fitting on the water level and the average velocity of the cross section first by adopting a zero-crossing power function, and then establishing a relation between the water level of the cross section and the flow; S03: obtaining a relation between the rainfall capacity and the outflow water level; S04: continuously improving the accuracy of a hydrological model by comparing an obtained outflow water level process with an actually measured water level value and adjusting parameters of the hydrological model; S05: inputting the rainfall capacity and the surface evaporation quantity of the upstream drainage basin by aiming at the calibrated hydrological model, so as to obtain the downstream outlet water level process, judging whether a forecasting area is flooded according to a water level peak value, and analyzing the lag time between a rainfall peak and a flood peak according to existing water level rainfall data, so as to determine the peak time.

The invention discloses an improved Xinanjiang model-based hydrological forecast method suitable for a hill region. The method comprises the steps of firstly, extracting geomorphologic data to build adigital elevation model (DEM); secondly, acquiring geomorphologic parameters, and establishing a geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) according to the extracted geomorphologic parameters; and thirdly, replacing an original confluence calculation process of a Xinanjiang model with the GIUH, and carrying out hydrological forecast on the hill region after calibration by a constructedsemi-distributed watershed hydrological model. According to the method, global optimization is realized; the calculation efficiency is improved; the simulation precision is improved; and the requirements in multiple aspects of the hydrological forecast method are met.

The invention discloses a linear reservoir retention confluence and nested watershed (multiple sub watersheds) confluence method. The method includes collecting long series data of rainfall capacity, evaporation capacity and runoff volume of a researched watershed; calculating a runoff generation process according to the rainfall capacity, the evaporation capacity and the runoff volume by a hydrological model; taking a confluence path in the watershed as N linear reservoirs in series connection by the Nash linear reservoir method to acquire a Nash instant unit hydrograph, wherein the previous water reservoir becomes an inflow of the next water reservoir; introducing a retention factor alpha to describe the water-holding capacity of the linear water reservoirs; simulating the Nash instant unit hydrograph by a binomial to improve a confluence method of the hydrological model. The advantage that the instant unit hydrograph describes the watershed confluence process in terms of time and space is kept, and the complex parameter problems in application are avoided, so that the method is applicable to hydrological simulation of large watersheds, and particularly, has significant practical value in research on water circulation of the watersheds under climate change. The method is simple and convenient to apply, and simulation results given by the method are objective, scientific and high in accuracy.

The invention relates to a method for quantificationally distinguishing contributions of different factors in a water cycle evolution process, which includes the following steps: building a binary water cycle model; judging evolution conditions of water cycle factors under action of different factors; calculating quantitative evaluation indexes of water cycle factor evolution in different conditions; and quantificationally distinguishing contributions of different factors in the water cycle evolution process. The method combines the fingerprint identification technology in the meteorology and climatology and the binary water cycle model in the hydrology and water resource science, and is a technique capable of quantificationally distinguishing contributions of natural factors and human activities in the water cycle evolution process, and can quantificationally distinguish contributions of the natural factors and the human activities in the water cycle evolution process by adopting the distributed river basin water cycle simulation technology, the climate mode and hydrological model coupling technology, a Monte Carlo statistical method and the fingerprint identification technology and comparing the quantitative evaluation indexes of water cycle factor change conditions in different conditions.

The invention discloses a method for quantitatively forecasting extreme rainfall. The method comprises the following steps that: I, an input module (100) reads raw data of a hydrometric station from a database or an Excel file, performing abnormal detection and washing on the read data, and preprocessing the data to obtain standardized hydrometric time sequence data; II, a modeling module (200) constructs a model consisting of a first forecasting model (210), a second forecasting model (220) and a combined BP neural network (230) according to the hydrometric time sequence data in the input module (100); III, a correction module (300) performs parameter adjustment on the forecasting models constructed in the modeling module (200) according to the quality of the forecast data in the step II; and IV, an output module (400) stores an extreme rainfall forecast value in the next year into the database or the file, so that a user can check and analyze the data. By the method, a yearly average extreme rainfall amount can be modeled and forecast from a data excavation angle; and the method is high in applicability and relatively high in accuracy.