790 results about "Excess water" patented technology

In a peritoneal dialysis embodiment of the present invention, spent dialysate from the patient's peritoneal cavity passes, along a patient loop, through a dialyzer having a membrane that separates waste components from the spent dialysate, wherein the patient loop returns fresh dialysate to the patient's peritoneal cavity. The waste components are carried away in a second regeneration loop to a regeneration unit or sorbent cartridge, which absorbs the waste components. The regeneration unit removes undesirable components in the dialysate that were removed from the patient loop by the dialyzer, for example, excess water (ultrafiltrate or UF), toxins and metabolic wastes. Desirable components can be added to the dialysate by the system, such as glucose and electrolytes. The additives assist in maintaining the proper osmotic gradients in the patient to perform dialysis and provide the necessary compounds to the patient.

Systems and methods relating to dialysis therapy, particularly continuous flow dialysis therapy, are provided. The present invention includes a single closed fluid path along which a minimal amount of therapy fluid including dialysate is fed into, continuously circulated and cleaned such that a therapeutic effective amount of solutes, excess water and the like can be removed from the patient connected to the closed fluid loop during treatment.

Systems and methods for providing multiple pass continuous flow dialysis therapy are provided. The present invention includes a fluid circuit connected to a patient via a catheter thereby defining a fluid loop along which a therapy fluid including a dialysate can be continuously circulated into, through and out of a peritoneal cavity of a patient to remove a therapeutically effective amount of excess water and solutes including uremic toxins. The feed rate and discharge rate of therapy fluid into the fluid loop can be controllably regulated in proportion to the circulation rate of fluid in the fluid loop such that the therapy fluid can pass a multiple number of times along the fluid loop prior to discharge.

An automatic laundry washing machine that is suitable for use in living units having no area set aside for laundry facilities is achieved by replacing the heavy bulky parts of the currently popular automatic washing machine design with a light flexible bag. A large portion of the volume of any washing machine is the vessel for containing the laundry solution and articles to be washed. That vessel is a flexible bag made of modern durable material so as to be collapsible both while in use and for storage. The method of use includes the complete process of washing, rinsing, and extracting excess water in an automatic cycle analogous to standard automatic washing machines popular today. The vessel containing the items being laundered is a waterproof laundry bag with automatic washing apparatus attached. Items are automatically washed in that bag. The automatic process includes cycles of filling, washing, rinsing and extracting such that the clothes are ready for a drying process such as hanging out to dry or putting into a tumble dryer. The agitating of the washing and rinsing cycles is accomplished without the familiar bulky agitator thereby reducing the volume requirements and the traditional wear and tear on the garments. By eliminating the bulky agitator and the spin water extraction method, the heavy transmission is also eliminated. The water extraction cycle is done in a much less violent way than the conventional spin cycle by allowing atmospheric pressure to collapse the washing vessel and press the water from the articles as the water and air are pumped from the vessel in the draining portion of the cycle. The cleaning ability of the water is enhanced by built in ionic processing of the water thereby reducing the required amount of laundry detergent. The agitating in the non-electrically conductive vessel generates static electric charges in the process and ions thus produced further enhance the cleaning ability of the water. Cavitation produced in a multi-frequency washing action further enhances the washing ability of the water. The washing machine is light, compact and collapsible and is as portable as a piece of luggage. The set up procedure is simple and no assembly is required beyond attaching a quick connect fastener to a water faucet and plugging in a power cord. The washing machine is light and takes little storage space. It can be put in a small closet or on a shelf when not in use. The minimum capacity of the washing machine is a single garment. The normal capacity of the washing machine is comparable to that of a standard household washing machine.

A system for making extruded cement-based articles. The process can include forming a cement-based feed mixture including water, aggregate and binder and directing the feed mixture to a vacuum zone, wherein sufficient vacuum is maintained in the vacuum zone to remove entrained air and, preferably, excess water, from the feed mixture. The feed mixture is held in the vacuum zone at a negative pressure for a time sufficient to form a vacuum-treated or densified mixture. The vacuum-treated or densified mixture is passed through an extruder at an elevated pressure to provide an extruded cement-based article.

This invention is of a hybrid organoclay that consists of an organic chemical / phyllosilicate clay intercalate that has been ion-exchanged with quaternary ammonium compounds. Since this hybrid organoclay is hydrophobic, it can be washed in water to remove reaction salts and excess water soluble or water dispersible polymers to give a clean product via inexpensive means such as filtration. This allows a better dispersing composition to be prepared without the difficulties of isolation presented by prior art which uses energy intensive means to remove the bulk of the water from the final product and cannot be easily washed. In one aspect, the present invention provides a solid clay / chemical composition that comprises: (a) one or more smectite clays, (b) a quaternary ammonium compound which reacts via an ion exchange mechanism with the smectite clay, and (c) one or more non-anionic organic materials that intercalate with the clay. The invention is useful both as an ingredient to form nanocomposites and as a rheological additive.

The present invention relates to methods for indirect evaporative air-cooling with the use of plates, heat exchangers and feeder wicks—of the indirect evaporative type. Several components for an indirect evaporative heat exchanger described as follows: A plate for an indirect evaporative heat exchanger where the plate is made of laminate material having one sheet of wicking material for wet zone(s) and the other of a water proof plastic material for the dry zone(s). An evaporative heat exchanger is created by assembling the plates forming spacing for wet channels, (they are created by the wet zone of the plates,) and dry channels, (they are created by the dry zone of the plates,) with channel guides or corrugated plates. The spacing between the plates is defined to reduce pressure drop for increased airflow. A feeder wick system creates the wetting of the wet channels without excess water. Sometimes the wet zone of the plate can be made of a membrane material where the opposite side of this membrane material is covered by a solid desiccant creating the wet zone of this desiccant plate. An indirect evaporative heat exchanger that is created by assembling both wick coated with plastic plates and desiccant plates, can realize not only the evaporative cooling but also the dehumidification of air.

A system and method for restoring the natural water cycle by reducing stormwater runoff and addressing issues affecting groundwater supply. In one embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a roof washer component, cistern component, pump, and manufactured dry well. The system is designed to divert polluted rooftop runoff, capture clean rooftop runoff and store this clean water for irrigation purposes and nonpotable uses, while infiltrating excess water to recharge groundwater supplies thereby replicating the natural hydrologic cycle.

A method and apparatus for replacement of renal function by periodically removing a substantial volume of patient's blood and simultaneously replacing it with the reconstituted blood. Reconstituted blood consists of the patient's own condensed blood cells and proteins diluted with the sterile physiologic solution. As a result, small molecules and excess water are periodically removed and discarded. Blood cells and proteins are safely stored to be used at the next therapy session.

A method for the determination of cellulosic-fibre properties, such as, but not limited to, residual lignin content of chemical pulp, with the aid of a spectroscopic technique obtained over a range covering the visible and the near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, comprising the steps of obtaining a sample from the process line, minimally removing some excess water, exposing the fibres in the sample to a large beam light source, optionally moving the sample at a constant speed, and acquiring the spectral data over a pre-determined length of time, and correlating the spectrum to a previously determined calibration so as to determine the Kappa number. Alternatively, as an arrangement for process control, along with other varying configurations, the instant invention includes the mounting of the excitation light source and fibre-optic probe along the various locations of the kraft cooking and bleaching process, such as 1) at the drum brownstock washers and 2) throughout the bleach plant deckers, located just before the doctored blade, the probe being connected to a fast scanning spectrometer, via fibre optic cables, with a computer sequencing spectral acquisition and correlating the spectrum against a predetermined calibration, and logging the results. The process configuration, with the use of the instant invention, overcomes all limitations of prior art, including sampling hardware and sample preparation, and provides true online Kappa number determinations of the order of seconds, as compared to current state of the art Kappa analyzers which require 10 to 15 minutes per analysis. The present method is capable of measuring residual lignin content of chemical pulps with varying consistency, accounts for species effects to provide species insensitivity and can provide analysis in less than 10 seconds. The method can provide true online continuous measurement of Kappa number for feedforward and feedback control of the bleaching, paper machine and kraft cooking processes.

A system for recovering glycol from glycol and brine mixtures produced from oil or natural gas wells that combines energy efficiency with a capability for handling salt and other solids contained in the mixture. The system comprises three effect evaporator systems in series. Each effect evaporator system comprises an evaporator, a separator vessel, product pumps, and a solids removal system.The process utilizes the system to remove salt and other solids as well as excess water leaving a glycol stream that can be reused as a hydrate inhibitor. The process begins by preheating a glycol / brine stream comprising approximately fifty percent (50%) glycol. The stream is then subjected to three evaporation cycles. The first evaporation cycle comprises introducing the preheated stream into a suppressed boiling point evaporator where the stream is heated under a constant pressure. The stream pressure is then dropped to cause a portion of the water contained in the stream to vaporize or flash. The flashing stream is then introduced into a separator vessel where the water vapor is separated from the remaining liquid stream. The water vapor is removed from the separator and condensed. The remaining liquid glycol / brine stream is then pumped from the separator vessel through a solids removal system where precipitated salts and solids are removed. These steps are repeated two additional times. Each time the remaining liquid stream becomes more concentrated with glycol until the finished product is approximately ninety percent (90%) glycol.

A process and a system is disclosed for recovering glycol from glycol and brine mixtures produced from oil or natural gas wells that combines energy efficiency with a capability for handling salt and other solids contained in the mixture. The system comprises three effect evaporator systems in series. Each effect evaporator system comprises an evaporator, a separator vessel, product pumps, and a solids removal system. The process utilizes the system to remove salt and other solids as well as excess water leaving a glycol stream that can be reused as a hydrate inhibitor. The process begins by preheating a glycol / brine stream comprising approximately fifty percent (50%) glycol. The stream is then subjected to three evaporation cycles. The first evaporation cycle comprises introducing the preheated stream into a suppressed boiling point evaporator where the stream is heated under a constant pressure. The stream pressure is then dropped to cause a portion of the water contained in the stream to vaporize or flash. The flashing stream is then introduced into a separator vessel where the water vapor is separated from the remaining liquid stream. The water vapor is removed from the separator and condensed. The remaining liquid glycol / brine stream is then pumped from the separator vessel through a solids removal system where precipitated salts and solids are removed. These steps are repeated two additional times. Each time the remaining liquid stream becomes more concentrated with glycol until the finished product is approximately ninety percent (90%) glycol.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of monolithic xerogels and aerogels of silica / latex hybrids under subcritical conditions. In the two-stage synthesis of these alcogels in the presence of an acid-base catalyst, the hydrolysis and polycondensation of a silicon alkoxide are carried out in an organic medium containing excess water. A latex consisting of polybutyl methacrylate and polybutyl acrylate, modified with alkoxysilane groups, is first synthesized and then incorporated in the mixture either in the first stage in order to effect its co-hydrolysis with the silicon alkoxide, or in the second stage to effect its co-condensation with the previously hydrolysed colloidal silica. The resulting alcogels are aged, washed, and dried under subcritical conditions. This process gives hybrid products containing 0.1-50 wt-% of latex and having a density of 300-1300 kg / m3, a porosity of 40-85%, a specific surface area of 400-900 m2 / g and a mean pore diameter of 2-12 nm. The products are resistant to atmospheric humidity and moisture, have better mechanical properties than the corresponding inorganic products, and can be used as thermal, acoustic and electrical insulators.

A floating water evaporation system for use in disposing of excess water from oil and gas drilling operations is provided. One or more nozzle arrays float on the surface of a wastewater pond a distance away from the pond shoreline. Each nozzle array includes a series of upright risers that extend above a water reservoir tank. Spray nozzles are mounted on each riser. The water reservoir tank is mounted between floating pontoons that elevate the nozzles a distance above the surface of the pond. Water from the pond is pumped through the nozzles to create a patterned spray of small evaporable droplets.

The present invention filters runoff water containing oil and an emulsion of oil and water. A tank receives the inlet water and feeds it to a reservoir which in turn feeds the water to the cylindrical filter cells. The water passing through the filter cells is received by a manifold which feeds the clean water to an outlet. However, when the runoff water has a high rate of flow the reservoir soon overflows and the excess water flows directly to an outlet. The reservoir may be either above or below the filter cells. If above, the water entering the inlet flows downward to a reservoir which is perforated to provide water to the filter cells. If, however, the reservoir is below the filter cells it has a perforated top which feeds the filter cells. The water in the reservoir is under pressure. The filter cells may be cylindrical. They have an inner vertical cylindrical passageway surrounded by one or more cylindrical layers. One filtering media is in said inner passageway. Each cylindrical layer provides a different filtering media. In one form of the invention the filtering media in the inner passageway is a coarse media and the filtering media in the other cylindrical layer or layers is a finer media. Each layer of the filter bounded by a porous barrier. Surrounding, and spaced from, the outermost barrier is an outer wall. The space between the outermost barrier and the wall forms a drain for feeding the filtered liquid to an output.

The present invention relates to a novel method of making a non-liquid fruit product (fruit chip) which has a natural fruit flavor and which can be formed in desired individual or discrete configurations and sizes. A method of making a dry particulate natural fruit chip product comprising: (a) adding a fruit ingredient and water to a heated kettle; (b) adding buffer, sugar and pectin to the fruit ingredient and water; (c) boiling the buffer, sugar and pectin fruit ingredient and water mixture to hydrate the pectin; (d) adding liquid sugar to the mixture and continuing to boil the mixture until excess water is boiled away; (e) adding sugar to the mixture in the kettle to reduce the temperature of the mixture and increase solids concentration; (i) transporting the mixture from the kettle through a heat exchanger to raise the temperature of the mixture; (g) adding acid and flavoring mix to the mixture and mixing the acid / flavour into the mixture; (h) passing the mixture into a heated depositor and dispensing the mixture onto a surface in the form of discrete fruit chips; (i) retaining the fruit chips on the surface until they lose heat and form a stable gel; (j) transporting the gelled fruit chips through a zone to remove excess moisture and enhance gel strength of the fruit chips; and (k) transporting the fruit chips through a cooling zone so that the fruit chips lose further heat and reach ambient temperature.

A hydroponic plant growing system including a housing divided into a growing chamber and a fragrance masking manifold by an electrical control panel having spaced holes formed therethrough which permits air flow between the growing chamber and the fragrance masking manifold. A water reservoir is defined between a reservoir top panel and a bottom panel of the housing, the top panel having spaced plant basket collars adapted to support a plant cup to position plant roots in reservoir and to position plant vegetation within the growing chamber. Air discharge tubes in the growing chamber discharge ambient air into the growing chamber by a fan to circulate air through the growing chamber into the fragrance masking manifold where a fragrance source masks odors before the air is discharged back to ambient. An irrigation pump dispenses water into each plant cup, excess water drained back into the reservoir.

An apparatus for pelletizing a feed material containing finely divided solids and water by compressing the feed material in the die cavities of a pellet mill and permitting excess water to escape from the material being compressed through at least one water escape opening in each die cavity.

The invention provides an edible bird nest treatment process, and relates to the technical field of edible bird nest treatments. With the present invention, technical defects of inconvenient taking and inconvenient storage of edible bird nest purchased by consumers can be solved. The treatment process comprises the following steps: 1, soaking, wherein natural dry edible bird nest is soaked for 4-8 h with purified water; 2, picking out hair, wherein hair is removed with forceps; 3, tearing into strips, wherein the soaked foamed edible bird nest is torn into strips with forceps; 4, draining, wherein excess water in the edible bird nest is removed through a filtration screen; and 5, carrying out packaging freezing, wherein the cleaned edible bird nest into a plastic bag, and placed in an environment with a temperature of less than 0 DEG C to carry out freezing storage. With the edible bird nest treatment process, a long time soaking process is not required after the consumer purchases the edible bird nest; tedious hair picking operation is not required; the edible bird nest can be directly stewed after purchasing, or the consumer can purchase the stewed edible bird nest and eats after heating; and characteristics of convenient taking, quick freezing storage, convenient storage, and longer storage life are provided.

The embodiments of the invention provide a wearable garment to evaporatively cool humans and animals. The garment contains a body portion and an attachment portion. The body portion is generally defined by at least one outer seam. The body portion contains three layers—an outer layer, a middle layer, and an inner layer. The outer layer is comprised of a breathable fabric. The middle layer is comprised of a substantially hydrophilic material. The inner layer is substantially hydrophobic, preferably comprising a layer of finely woven substantially hydrophobic fibrous material. The attachment portion contains at least one means for attaching the garment to a wearer. To activate the cooling process, the garment is first immersed in water, wherein the middle layer absorbs water. The wearer then wrings the excess water from the garment and places the garment on the desired body region to be cooled.

An apparatus is disclosed for mosquitoes and other “biting” insects to lay eggs which become trapped before maturing into adults. The trap comprises a reservoir filled with water and divided into two chambers 24 &26. One chamber 24 is open to the outside at the surface to allow an accessible breeding area. The other chamber 26 is enclosed. Immature mosquitoes fall or are flushed from the open chamber 24 to the enclosed chamber 26, guided along the way by the sloping bottoms of the chambers 20 &14. A screen, small holes, or similarly restricted exit 40 between the enclosed chamber 26 and the outside chamber 24 allows excess water to escape while retaining most or all of the trapped mosquitoes.

An implantable human kidney replacement unit. Fully functional self contained, providing patients with end stage renal disease the freedom of traveling and moving about normally. Replacing donor kidneys. Implanted in the flank with at least one inlet and outlet tube each, sutured to the iliac artery and vain, at least one urine tube to the ureter. The housing constructed of anti-coagulant bacteriostatic materials has a plurality of reverse-osmosis process chambers with semipemeable membranes through the unit, followed by osmosis-diffusion chambers and membranes. Blood from the artery enters the first of the chambers. Small molecules such as water, magnesium, sodium, potassium, calcium, urea etc. are extracted from the blood according to their weight in atomic mass units as blood wipes past the self-cleaning membrane cartridges in the chambers. Molecules are further separated and urea sent to the bladder with excess water and electrolytes. The remainder is channeled to at least one diffusion chamber and reabsorbed into the blood. The same process is repeated in the other chambers where selected larger molecules such as creatinine and phosphorus are excreted, and some diffused back into the blood.

A self-contained evaporation system for use in disposing of excess water from oil and gas drilling operations is provided. The system includes a water holding tank in which the wastewater is preheated, an evaporation chamber mounted over the holding tank and having an open top, a nozzle system located within the chamber for producing a fine liquid mist, and fans disposed within the chamber for producing an air flow that carries the mist out the open top of the chamber. The system can be set up and taken down by one person in an hour or less, can be used with pond or tank operations, and is capable of operating in high winds and sub-zero temperatures. The system can be carried and mounted on a trailer for easy transport to and from various drilling sites.

This invention is of a hybrid organoclay that consists of an organic chemical / phyllosilicate clay intercalate that has been ion-exchanged with quaternary ammonium compounds. Since this hybrid organoclay is hydrophobic, it can be washed in water to remove reaction salts and excess water soluble or water dispersible polymers to give a clean product via inexpensive means such as filtration. This allows a better dispersing composition to be prepared without the difficulties of isolation presented by prior art which uses energy intensive means to remove the bulk of the water from the final product and cannot be easily washed.In one aspect, the present invention provides a solid clay / chemical composition that comprises: (a) one or more smectite clays, (b) a quaternary ammonium compound which reacts via an ion exchange mechanism with the smectite clay, and (c) one or more non-anionic organic materials that intercalate with the clay.The invention is useful both as an ingredient to form nanocomposites and as a rheological additive.

A humidifier for use in a central HVAC duct. The humidifier includes a water delivery system for applying water to an evaporator pad, a drain system for removing excess water that is not evaporated, and a control system employing two temperature sensors directly measuring the temperature of the air before and after the evaporator pad. The control system uses the two temperatures to adjust the water flow across the pad by cycling the water delivery system so that drain water is minimized while maximizing the evaporative capacity of the humidifier thus satisfying the humidification load as quickly as possible with the least amount of drain water. The humidifier may have either an integral fan or a flow-through housing for passing air across the wetted evaporator pad to increase the humidity level of the air.

The invention discloses a seeding method for synthesizing chabasite type molecular sieve. The seeding method comprises the following steps: evenly mixing alkaline silica sol and a template agent, slowly adding potassium hydroxide into the mixture, then adding sodium hydroxide, keeping on stirring, then slowing adding an aluminum sulphate water solution, adding a crystal seed in a chabasite crystalline phase, carrying out distillation to remove excess water, sealing, maintaining the temperature, stirring, shearing in a high speed so as to obtain uniform gel; and finally subjecting the gel to steps of crystallization, burning, and ammonium-exchange so as to obtain the finished product. The molecular sieve has the advantages of high silica / alumina ratio, high specific surface area, high MTO diolefin selectivity, and no pollution during the whole preparation process.

A method of washing fabric articles in a tunnel washer includes moving the fabric articles from the intake of the washer to the discharge of the washer through first and second sectors that are a pre-wash zone. In the pre-wash zone, liquid is counter flowed in the wash interior along a flow path that is generally opposite the direction of travel of the fabric articles. The fabric articles are transferred to a main wash zone, and a washing chemical is added to the main wash zone. At about the same time, counter flow is reduced or stopped. The main wash zone can be heated as an option. After a period of time (for example, between about 20 and 120 seconds) counter flow is increased. The increased counter flow after chemical treatment amounts to either an intermediate rinse or a pre-rinse depending upon which module or zone the goods occupy. The pre-rinse ensures that the fabric articles are substantially free of soil or the majority of any soil when they are transferred to an extractor for final removal of excess water.

An underground reservoir for storing water in alluvial deposits utilizes slurry walls keyed to an aquiclude beneath the reservoir to form a substantially impermeable water seal. A variety of water extraction / recharge apparatus provides for rapid and complete filling and draining of the underground reservoir. Such apparatus includes a plurality of wells distributed about the underground reservoir and a series of perforated pipes buried at a predetermined depth within the underground reservoir. A method of mitigating water table fluctuations resulting from the construction of an underground utilizes perforated pipes buried outside of the reservoir to transfer excess water from an uphill land parcel to a downhill land parcel that would otherwise experience a water shortage after construction of the underground reservoir.

Systems and methods relating to dialysis therapy, particularly continuous flow dialysis therapy, are provided. The present invention includes a single closed fluid path along which a minimal amount of therapy fluid including dialysate is fed into, continuously circulated and cleaned such that a therapeutic effective amount of solutes, excess water and the like can be removed from the patient connected to the closed fluid loop during treatment.