864 results about "Arid" patented technology

Methods and apparatus for extracting liquid water from ambient air, including ambient air in severely arid and hot climates, are described. An example apparatus uses a sorption-desorption-condensation cycle using a sorption wheel to extract moisture from ambient air and concentrate the water vapor driven off from the sorption material in a circulating gas, with condensation of liquid water from the circulating gas.

The invention discloses a design method for a distributed hydrological model by using a grid as an analog unit, which is called as ESSI for short. The design method comprises the following steps of: obtainment of a distributed parameter: converting vector data into grid data; generalization of a watershed hydrological process: establishing a universal runoff generating type for the grid; design of a runoff generating process: respectively computing the water-quantity distributing condition of each part according to different prior-period soil water conditions; design of a flow collecting process: respectively designing a Muskingum-Cunge method, a delay algorithm and a riverway segmentation Muskingum method for the flow collecting process computation of the model under different conditions; and model development and integration. The invention not only can finish the watershed hydrological process simulation at an arid region and a humid region, but also can realize the short-term flood forecast and the long-term rainfall-runoff process simulation and prediction of a watershed by using modularization and integration ideas as means, thereby providing scientific reference bases for deeply learning about the physical mechanism of water circulation by people, reducing the drought and water-logging disasters and reasonably developing and utilizing water resources.

The invention discloses a mine ecological remediation and slope vegetation fast restoring method suitable for the arid region. The method comprises a slope protection method and the steps that water collecting devices are arranged; soil improvement is carried out; vegetation configuration is carried out. Firstly, according to the through slope arrangement, mining slide slopes needing to be restored are subjected to step type slope cutting to be stabilized, an ecological catchwater is arranged on the inner side of each stage of a platform, and the steps are continuously provided with desilting basins and water collecting pits every other certain distance. Water collecting devices are mounted in the water collecting pits and connected with the desilting basins and the catchwaters, the other ends of the water collecting devices are provided with controllable drainage ports, the water collecting devices are connected with a slope irrigation system and used for collecting and fully and reasonably utilizing slope runoff, a dry season irrigation water source is provided, meanwhile, slope scouring is avoided, and water and soil losses are reduced. The platform and the slopes are all covered with earth, a planting pit is dug in each stage of the platform, the mode of ecological bags and ecological blankets is adopted in each stage of the slopes, a soil conditioner and foreign soil from other places are mixed, the planting pits, the ecological bags and the ecological blankets are filled with the mixture, and good water and fertilizer conditions are provided for plant growth. Proper trees brushes and grasses are selected to be distributed. The ground conditions of the side slopes are comprehensively improved, and side slope vegetations are restored to the natural ecological state.

The invention provides a watershed hydrological model design method based on a storage capacity curve and a TOPMODEL, which comprises the following steps: calculating surface runoff yield; calculating subsurface runoff yield; calculating evapotranspiration; applying a water balance equation; establishing a convergence mechanism; generating isochrones; dynamically and visually expressing soil moisture; and coupling with a Noah land surface model (Noah LSM). The method has a high simulation deterministic coefficient, is advantageous over a semi-distributed model TOPMODEL, a Xinanjiang model and distributed hydrological models such as an engineering and science summer institute (ESSI) model, a hydrologic engineering center hydrologic modeling system (HEC-HMS) model and a soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model in the simulation of a daily runoff process and the simulation of a flood process, and overcomes the drawback that the conventional watershed hydrological model is usually inapplicable to hydrological process accurate simulation under large-scale, arid and semiarid conditions. The model of the invention can be successfully coupled with Noah LSM and improves the rainfall, soil moisture and runoff broadcasting capacity of a service weather research forecast mode, namely global/regional assimiliation prediction system (GRAPES)-mesoscale(MESO).

In mesic environments, erosion control measures usually employ the establishment of vegetative cover by vascular plants in order to hold the soil in place. The current art often includes the application of seeds, chemical fertilizers, tackifiers, and mulches to promote the growth of vascular plants. However, arid environments so not support dense vegetative cover, but are instead dominated by photosynthetic microorganisms, primarily cyanobacteria and lichens. The cyanobacteria not only hold the soil in place, but also are the primary source of fixed nitrogen in arid environments. Disclosed herein, is a description of an apparatus and methods for the production and preservation of a photobiofertilizer as a means for repairing disturbed arid soils.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for electronically managing the assignment of tasks to be completed. Preferred embodiments incorporate a computer network to gather and disseminate information for the processes of embodiments of the present invention. Task information is gathered until a task is sufficiently defined to be assigned. At this point the task is assigned to a service provider who is requested to respond to the assignment. The response is monitored arid if unacceptable or not received the task will be transferred to another service provider until a satisfactory response is received. An estimate of the cost of task completion may then be requested and authorization to complete the task may be contingent upon an acceptable estimate. Once a service provider is authorized to complete a task, the provider's progress is monitored and reported to interested parties. Provider quality ratings may be incorporated into some embodiments. Reports, analyses and other data may be automatically generated by embodiments of the present invention. Applications of embodiments of the present invention may be particularly useful in claims processing in the insurance industry.

The present invention relates to a method for planting grape in arid desert area. Said method includes the following several steps: according to the spacing distance of 4-6m excavating overwintering soil-covering cold-resisting channel, excavating planting channel in the centre of cold-resisting channel bottom, laying PVC plastic film on the channel bottom of planting channel and two side walls, filling coarse sand or chad into the channel bottom, then making the planting channel be filled up with soil and fertilizer mixture, according to the spacing distance of 1m planting grape young tree, at two sides of tree body respectively setting one drip irrigation band, at two sides of root system alternatively making irrigation, adopting small trellis form and pruning, when autumn changes into winter in every year, removing aerial portions of grape main vine and fruiting twigs from grape trellis and placing them into cold-resisting channel and covering said cold-resisting channel with a layer of sandy soil whose thickness is 50cm for overwintering.

A modularizable system for water treatment having a low energy requirement to process water for reuse at the residence which results in a reduction in the amount of fossil fuels required to power large water processing stations and transfer water from water plants to individual residences is disclosed. The system increases availability of water at the residential level in areas where water is a limited or limiting resource (e.g., in arid climates). Furthermore, the amount of water a residence uses in a given cycle is more efficient. The system is in communication with a central station which enables it to send repair signals or facilitate repair of the system.

A method of simulating wind field of extreme arid region based on WRF includes following steps. A mode parameter optimization scheme for wind energy simulation is selected, wherein the mode parameter optimization scheme is selected by selecting a group of mode parameter optimization schemes of different ground floors, land process, and planet boundary layers having great influence on simulation of the boundary layer of wind field, and comparing the mode parameter optimization schemes. A wind energy simulation of the extreme arid region is performed during a preset length of time using the selected mode parameter optimization scheme. Simulation configuration of the wind field for the extreme arid region is obtained through results of the wind energy simulation.

The invention discloses a desertificated land treatment method for a windy and sandy area in an arid desert. A four-zone integrated wind prevention and sand stabilization forest system consisting of a wind prevention and sand resistance forest zone, a sand stabilization forest zone, a plant living sand-barrier sand resistance zone and a sand-sealing afforestation and lawn cultivation zone is arranged on the windward side on the front rim of a farmland. An artificial wind prevention and sand stabilization style combining resistance, stabilization, secondary resistance and sealing is formed on the rim of a new oasis, so that quicksand around the new oasis can be effectively prevented from invading the farmlands and villages; meanwhile, sand impact and sand cutting, which are caused by wind-sand flow which passes by, to crops are alleviated; the desertificated land treatment method has an obvious protection effect, is novel in design, is an extremely good innovation scheme and has an extremely good market popularization prospect.

The invention provides a saline-alkali soil brackish water film mulching drip irrigation processing tomato planting method, which comprises the following steps: (1) planting processed tomatoes: planting the processed tomatoes by adopting a manner of wide rows and high ridges, and mulching a white film above plants; (2) laying out a drip irrigation system, wherein an interval b between the drip irrigation systems is 48 to 52 cm; an interval a between drip emitters is 0.25 to 0.35 m; (3) carrying out high-frequency and small fixed amount water irrigation in a growing period of the processed tomatoes: alternatively irrigating brackish water and fresh water, and adopting the fresh water for irrigation in a seedling stage, and no irrigation in a red-mature period. The invention puts forward a cultivation method taking the brackish water and saline-alkali soil as targets in combination with the realities of shortage of fresh water resources, abundant underground brackish water resources and serious soil salinization in an arid region and a semi-arid region, and not only moisture is enabled to be held up within a field microcirculation of soil-and-film, deep seepage losses of the moisture are greatly reduced, but also under-film soil evaporation is remarkably lowered, sources of soil secondary salinization are cut off and the surface accumulation of salt is eliminated.

The invention provides a dry farming anti-aging long-acting autumn mulching film which meets the requirements that rain is collected and soil moisture is preserved, and autumn rain is used in spring in agricultural production of arid and semi-arid regions. Specifically, the dry farming anti-aging long-acting autumn mulching film is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.3 to 0.5 percent of polymerization hindered amine light stabilizer, 0.08 to 0.16 percent of complex antioxidant, 73.6 to 81 percent of linear low-density polyethylene, 0.06 to 0.12 percent of ultraviolet absorber, 8 to 15 percent of low-density polyethylene, 5 to 10 percent of metallocene linear polyethylene, and 5 to 10 percent of high-density polyethylene, and the total percentage of all thecomponents is 100 percent. The produced dry farming anti-aging long-acting autumn mulching film effectively meets the requirements that rain is collected and soil moisture is preserved, and the anti-aging time of mulching film coverage during production of crops can reach 300 to 540 days.

The invention discloses an arid region saline-alkali soil biology improvement method which comprises the following steps: conducting ditching salt avoidance and drip irrigation salt drench to create a low salt moist soil environment that seed germination needs, in the first year, excess salt of farmland plough layer soil is removed through halophyte above ground part cradling, and in the second year, improvement of soil fertility can be realized through salt tolerance leguminous green manure plant. The method is sample and convenient to operate and low in cost, by adopting the halophyte to gather salt and salt tolerance leguminous green manure plant to fertility soil, rapid desalt fertility of saline alkali soil can be realized, saline-alkali soil biology improvement and cyclic utilization mode is built, and the problem that saline-alkali soil common water conservancy improvement is difficult under the background of water resource shortage is avoided.

The invention relates to a plant cultivating substrate as well as a preparation method and application of the plant cultivating substrate. The plant cultivating substrate is prepared by taking polyaspartic acid water-absorbent resin as a binder, mixing sand and water, moulding and drying, is preferably a truncated cone with a longitudinal through hole formed at an axis, and can be matched with a plant cultivating medium containing polyaspartic acid fertilizer and a polyaspartic acid water-absorbent resin aquasorb for plant seed preservation and seedling cultivation. The plant cultivating substrate can effectively absorb and retain moisture, can supply moisture and nutritional elements which are necessary to plant growth in an uninterrupted way, so that a greening effect can be achieved and the balance of a local ecological environment and species is not destroyed; therefore, the plant cultivating substrate is particularly applicable to afforestation, barren hill greening and desertification control in arid areas.

An apparatus for the cleaning of a turbine engine comprises a towable wash cart having a reservoir for cleaning fluid. The reservoir is connected through a pump system to a wash ring operatively mounted to the cart. The wash ring has a plurality of spray nozzles about its periphery arid positionably adjustable for directing an atomized spray of the cleaning fluid into an inlet of the engine. The cart and wash ring is aligned with the engine such that there is no physical contact between the wash ring and engine during the entirety of the cleaning process. While a preferred cleaning fluid is pure water, the reservoir may be segmented to carry a number of different cleaning solutions, which can be mixed in a manifold of the pump system as may be desired for a particular cleaning process. The reservoirs may be heated and insulated to maintain the cleaning solutions at an elevated temperature. A sluice cart may be provided to collect cleaning fluid draining fur the engine for delivery to a collection tank on the wash cart.

The invention mainly relates to a covering cultivation method for mulching films, in particular to a covering cultivation method for biodegradable mulching films in a semi-arid region. The covering cultivation method is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps of 1, designing in fields, 2, tidying land, ridging and flattening the ground 3, fertilizing, 4, covering the biodegradable mulching films, 5, sowing, 6, managing in the fields, 7, harvesting, and 8, ploughing and burying mulching film residues into soil at the depth of 20-30cm instead of collecting the mulching film residues after the crops are harvested. The land tidying and ridging are carried out 7 days before crops are sowed, the covering tension of the biodegradable mulching films is 1/6 to 1/8 of the tension of ordinary mulching films, the biodegradable mulching films are 3-5mm away from the ground, and the biodegradable mulching films are covered 7 days before sowing. The covering cultivation method has the advantages that due to the fact that the biodegradable mulching films have high air tightness, the covered mulching films can reduce soil moisture evaporation and increase land temperature, can increase soil moisture, accelerates crop growth and development, and improves crop yield. Compared with traditional cultivation (covering-free convection planting), a maturation stage of crops covered by the biodegradable mulching films can be brought 7-10 days forwards, and the crop yield and the moisture utilization rate can be respectively improved by 1-58% and 14-45%.

The invention relates to a method for monitoring river runoff through a remote-sensing hydrologic station. The method comprises the steps of 1, selecting key fluvial sections lacking measuring stationareas; 2, conducting low-altitude remote sensing retrieval on the information of the fluvial sections lacking the measuring station areas; conducting real-time drone control flight on monitoring points of the fluvial sections selected in step 1, preprocessing the obtained data, extracting earth surface information, obtaining the longitudinal section gradient, the cross section area and the watersurface width of the fluvial sections on this basis, combining ground water level monitoring and underwater topographic surveying and mapping, and utilizing a manning formula for deduction to solve the flow of the monitored section. The method has the advantages that satellite remote sensing and low-altitude remote sensing are coupled, each other's advantages are complemented, and the blank of thelack of hydrologic data is filled up; during emergency management, the real-time river channel segment width is obtained, the river runoff is calculated, the river runoff data is reported in real time, and the runoff monitoring precision is smaller than 8%; the problem that hydrometric stations of an arid region are scarce, and cannot handle flood, water pollution and other emergency events is solved.

The invention relates to alien soil for slope protection of loess slope plants, which not only meets the physical structures for the growth of the slop plants in the semi-arid loess area, but also has good water storage capacity, water retention and nutrient preserving capability, provides moisture and nutrient for the growth of the plants, and has certain cementitiousness so as to be attached to the loess slope by means of engineering measures. The alien soil comprises the following components by weight part: 800-900 parts of sandy loess, 100-200 parts of soil conditioner, 1-2 parts of water retention agent, 0 to 1 part of caking agent, and 2-5 parts of compound fertilizer. The invention not only can improve the structure of sandy loess, but also provide the soil environment for the growth of the slop plants, and more importantly, effectively solves the problems of difficult vegetation protection of slopes due to the lack of water and difficult water retention in the northern semi-arid loess area. The invention mainly adopts disused soil, and has the advantages of readily available raw materials, low cost, simple construction and being favorable for reducing slope protection engineering investment.

The invention discloses an arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method. The arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method includes the steps that sand doping is firstly carried out to improve the physical structure of soil in a planting area, annual growth halophyte is planted in the first year to achieve afforesting and soil partial desalting, ridging is carried out in the second year to construct furrow terrains, tamarix chinensis, amorpha fruticosa and sweet clover which are resistant to salt are planted on ridges in a trickle irrigation mode to achieve biological salt moving and soil fertilizing, and suaeda salsa is planted in furrows in a trickle irrigation mode to increase the earth surface cover degree, improve physical-chemical properties of soil and desalt the soil. By means of the arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method, the physical improvement and the biological improvement of the salted soil are integrated, the technical measures of furrow cultivation and water saving trickle irrigation are combined, the arid region heavily-salted original soil afforesting method is easy and convenient to operate and low in cost, and the stability and the sustainability of the heavily-salted original soil afforesting are achieved.

The invention discloses a method for afforestation and slope protection on the slope of a terrace. The method comprises the following steps of: building a terrace ridge slope with slower gradient on the outer side of the terrace, after manual tamping, building a high edge ridge on the outer edge of the terrace at the inner side of the ridge slope, and finally planting trees and grasses on the outer slope surface of the terrace ridge slope to finish the afforestation and slope protection process on the outer slope of the terrace. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively eliminating and reducing the ridge collapse phenomenon caused by gravity erosion and overcoming the damage on original soil structure stability caused by spring freeze thawing expansion and rainy season dry and wet expansion, has a remarkable improvement effect, eliminates the bare state of the traditional terrace ridge slope by utilizing the characteristic that nutrient constituents in soil of the soil ridge slope are enriched and cultivating multiple drought-enduring forests and grasses and enriches the landscape ecological structure of the terrace ridge slope. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of strong practicability and simple method and is especially suitable for being popularized and used on terraces on arid regions or semi-arid regions.

The invention discloses a plant growth matrix with high water retention for spray seeding revegetation and a preparation method thereof. The plant growth matrix comprises an upper layer and a lower layer, wherein the lower layer is a plant growth matrix layer, and the upper layer is an organic matter covering layer covered on the plant growth matrix layer. According to the invention, perlite and montmorillonite with high hydroscopicity are applied to modification of the matrix for spray seeding revegetation, an organic matter is used to cover the surface of the plant growth matrix, a preparation process for the matrix is optimized, and thus, the disadvantage that moisture in a common matrix easily volatilizes is improved; the matrix for spray seeding revegetation has good adhesion, can be firmly attached on the surface of a bare rock side slope, well absorbs and maintains moisture, uninterruptedly provides moisture and nutrient elements needed by plant growth, guarantees revegetation of the side slope and has the advantages of low cost and easiness in manufacturing. Through implementation of a technical scheme in the invention, it is overcome that vegetation easily dies from drought after spray seeding of nonlocal soil on a side slope in an arid rainless region in China.

The present invention relates to a windproof sand solidification agent for desert planting, belonging to the technical field of the desert control. The windproof sand solidification agent comprises the following components according to the weight portion ratio: a macromolecule binder: a film forming agent: a pH regulator: an antiseptic = (84.0-86.0): (8.0-10.0): (3.0-5.0): (0.8-1.0). When the windproof sand solidification agent is used in an arid desert area, the windproof sand solidification agent is dissolved in water according to a certain proportion and the water solution is sprayed on the sand soil surface layer around plant seeds and seedlings, and a hard shell with a certain strength can be continuously formed on the sand soil surface, thereby preventing the sand soil around the plant seeds and seedlings from being blown away by the wind, effectively reducing the water evaporation from the sand soil and providing a stable base for the growth of the plant seeds and seedlings. The windproof sand solidification agent has the characteristics of no toxicity, no harm, no corrosivity, low cost, simple preparation technology, safety, environmentally friendliness, and wide economic and social benefit.

Methods arid arrangements of modifying spaces in virtual universes are discussed. Embodiments include transformations, code, state machines or other logic to receive data from a software agent in a virtual universe, directly or indirectly. The data may be based upon information automatically gathered from data stores outside the virtual universe, including account data and. user profile data. The embodiment may also involve developing a user profile of the user in the virtual universe, based upon the data received from the software agent. An embodiment may also involve automatically gathering information from data stores external to the virtual universe. The information may include user account data and user profile information. The embodiment may also include aggregating data for generating the user profile in the virtual universe, based upon the information; and transmitting the data directly or indirectly to the virtual universe.