1874 results about "Distribution function" patented technology

There is presented a reliable technique for measuring condition change in nonlinear data such as brain waves. The nonlinear data is filtered and discretized into windowed data sets. The system dynamics within each data set is represented by a sequence of connected phase-space points, and for each data set a distribution function is derived. New metrics are introduced that evaluate the distance between distribution functions. The metrics are properly renormalized to provide robust and sensitive relative measures of condition change. As an example, these measures can be used on EEG data, to provide timely discrimination between normal, preseizure, seizure, and post-seizure states in epileptic patients. Apparatus utilizing hardware or software to perform the method and provide an indicative output is also disclosed.

A node of a frame-based network has a group of outgoing links which are to be treated as an aggregated group of links. A frame distributor performs a distribution function on data frames which are intended for transmission on the group of links. The frame distributor determines if the data frame is an encapsulated data frame which forms part of a tunnelled traffic path across the network. If the data frame does form part of a tunnelled traffic path across the network, the frame distributor allocates the data frame to one of the group of links using at least part of an identifier from the header of the data frame. The identifier represents a service with which the data frame is associated, a customer or user of the data frame, or the tunnelled traffic path, which have greater variability than the backbone destination and source addresses.

A network data classifier statistically classifies received data at wire-speed by examining, in part, the payloads of packets in which such data are disposed and without having a priori knowledge of the classification of the data. The network data classifier includes a feature extractor that extract features from the packets it receives. Such features include, for example, textual or binary patterns within the data or profiling of the network traffic. The network data classifier further includes a statistical classifier that classifies the received data into one or more pre-defined categories using the numerical values representing the features extracted by the feature extractor. The statistical classifier may generate a probability distribution function for each of a multitude of classes for the received data. The data so classified are subsequently be processed by a policy engine. Depending on the policies, different categories may be treated differently.

A method of analyzing electrocardiogram (EKG) data for use in the diagnosis of heart disease, prognosis of cardiac conditions, and the monitoring of heart disease therapies is disclosed. The method utilizes a wavelet-based multifractal analysis with one or more of (1) a discrete wavelet smoothing step to remove the effects of abnormal beats; (2) “Levy flight” analysis to detect the frequency of abnormal beats known to adversely affect the multifractal (MF) analysis; and (3) MF alpha analysis, a multifractal extension of monofractal short term (ST) alpha analysis. The invention further comprises an EKG test battery comprising Levy flight anomalous beat/beat cluster screening, followed by (ST) MF alpha analysis and MF Holder analysis (when validated by the Levy flight analysis). The wavelet smoothing step can also be used to classify human EKGs by observing the effect of sequential smoothing on the MF Holder coefficient. Alternative choices to the wavelet smoothing approach to removal of abnormal beat effects include probability distribution function analysis to determine the MF Holder coefficient directly, abnormal beat ridge skeleton removal to remove the offending beats based on a direct multifractal spectrum calculation, and the calculation of various types of entropy coefficients for the EKG time series.

A hybrid flash memory device includes an array including a first area and a second area having a larger number of stored bits per cell than the first area The device includes a hidden area including a first reserved block area and a second reserved block area, wherein the first reserved block area includes a plurality of first memory blocks having the same number of stored bits per cell as the first area, the second reserved block area includes a plurality of second memory blocks having the same number of stored bits per cell as the second area, and a flash translation layer configured to replace a bad block generated in the first main area with the first memory block and replace a bad block generated in the second main area with the second memory block, wherein the flash translation layer flexibly assigns functions of the first memory blocks or the second memory blocks depending on whether the first and second memory blocks are all used.

Disclosed are probabilistic approaches to patient evaluation, warning and treatment of a neurological disorder. Disclosed techniques estimate probability distribution functions or cumulative distribution functions, determined by relying on representative historical profiles, comprising information in short and/or long timescales obtained at times that may be intermittent or temporally discontinuous from each other or from other events of interest. The patient may thereby be treated based on the determined probability information.

In a network including a centralized controller and a plurality of routers forming a security perimeter, a method for selectively discarding packets during a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack over the network. The method includes aggregating victim destination prefix lists and attack statistics associated with incoming packets received from the plurality of routers to confirm a DDoS attack victim, and aggregating packet attribute distribution frequencies for incoming victim related packets received from the plurality of security perimeter routers. Common scorebooks are generated from the aggregated packet attribute distribution frequencies and nominal traffic profiles, and local cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the local scores derived from the plurality of security perimeter routers are aggregated. A common discarding threshold is derived from the CDF and sent to each of the plurality of security perimeter routers, where the discarding threshold defines a condition in which an incoming packet may be discarded at the security perimeter.

A method for capturing a digital panoramic image includes projecting a panorama onto an image sensor by means of a panoramic objective lens. The panoramic objective lens has a distribution function of the image points that is not linear relative to the field angle of the object points of the panorama, such that at least one zone of the image obtained is expanded while at least another zone of the image is compressed. When a panoramic image obtained is then displayed, correcting the non-linearity of the initial image is required and is performed by means of a reciprocal function of the non-linear distribution function of the objective lens or by means of the non-linear distribution function.

A system and charging control method of network convergence policy and charging control architecture are disclosed, based on the QoS parameter, charging policy and user subscribing information granted by the service layer, the PCRF confirms PCC rule, and provides the PCC rule to the policy distribution function PDF. As the interface between the PCRF and PCC policy performing entity, the PDF performs the protocol conversion and information distribution. Based on the PCC rule, the PCC policy performing entity performs QoS policy of the service data flow and the detecting and charging of the service flow.

The magnetic tape has a magnetic layer containing ferromagnetic powder and binder on a nonmagnetic support, wherein the coercive force measured in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape is less than or equal to 167 kA/m, a timing-based servo pattern is present on the magnetic layer, and the edge shape specified by observing the timing-based servo pattern with a magnetic force microscope is a shape in which the difference between the value of the 99.9% cumulative distribution function of the width of misalignment from the ideal shape in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape and the value L_0.1 of the 0.1% cumulative distribution function, L_99.9-L_0.1, is less than or equal to 180 nm.

A method of identifying a signal type uses parameters of the signal as a basis for automatic identification. A signal of interest is selected from a display of a spectral waveform for a specified frequency. An occupied bandwidth for the signal of interest is estimated and, if the occupied bandwidth is common to more than one known signal type, a complementary cumulative distribution function of peak power for the signal of interest is estimated. The signal type may be identified as a function of these parameters. Additionally the frequency of the signal of interest may be compared with a database of spectral assignments for known signal types to provide further information about the signal of interest.

A signal interpretation engine apparatus and method are disclosed in certain presently preferred embodiment as including a computer programmed to run a plurality of modules comprising a feature expansion module, a weight table module, a consolidation module, and a map generation module. The feature expansion module contains feature operators for operating on a signal to expand the signal to form a feature map of feature segments Each feature segment corresponds to a unique representation of the signal created by a feature operator operating on the signal across an epoch. An epoch corresponds to an event occurring within a time segment. The weight table module provides a weight table having weight elements Each weight element has a weight corresponding to a feature segment of the feature map. The consolidation module provides a superposition segment by combining the feature segments of the feature map corresponding to the epoch by forming an inner product of the feature map and the weight table. The consolidation module also applies aggregators to consolidate the inner products or superposition segments into a distribution function representing an attribute over a domain reflecting a selected weight table, aggregator, and event type, corresponding to each value of the attribute. The map generation module produces an interpretation map that reflects a preferred weight table and aggregator to be applied to the signal data to characterize the event.

A microelectronic device includes a microelectronic die having an interfacial metal layer deposited over an active surface thereof to perform a signal distribution function within the device. The microelectronic die is fixed within a package core to form a die/core assembly. One or more metallization layers may then be built up over the die/core assembly as part of a packaging scheme. The interfacial metal layer can be applied either before or after the die is fixed within the package core. In one approach, the interfacial layer is applied during wafer-level processing.

A safety module electrical distribution system comprises a wiring module adapted to mount within an electrical box, the wiring module having a functional side and a wiring side. A terminal set is disposed at least partially within the wiring module and is adapted to terminate a power cable proximate the wiring side. A plurality of structured sockets are disposed on the functional side, the structured sockets incorporate a portion of the terminal set. A functional module having a front side and a back side is adapted to removably install in the wiring module proximate the functional side. A contact set is disposed at least partially within the functional module and is adapted to conduct electrical power to an electrical distribution function accessible from the front side. A plurality of shielded plugs are disposed on the back side. The shielded plugs incorporate a portion of the contact set. The structured sockets are configured to interlock with the shielded plugs so as to provide electrical communication between the terminal set and said contact set.

A system for efficiently distributing messages to a server farm uses a hashing function and a map-based function, or combinations thereof, to distribute messages associated with a processing request. In one implementation, for example, the hashing function has inputs of an identifier for each message in a processing request, and a list of available servers. Upon identifying that any of the servers is unavailable, or will soon be unavailable, the load balancing server uses an alternate map-based assignment function for new requests, and inputs each assignment into a server map. The load balancing server can then use the map or the hashing function, as appropriate, to direct messages to an operating server. Upon receiving an updated list of available servers, the load balancing server can switch back to the hashing function after the map is depleted, and use the updated server list as an argument.

A two-class analysis system for summarizing features and determining features appropriate to use in training a classifier related to a data mining operation. Exemplary embodiments describe how to select features which will be suited to training a classifier used for a two-class text classification problem. Bi-Normal Separation methods are defined wherein there is a measure of inverse cumulative distribution function of a standard probability distribution and representative of a difference between occurrences of the feature between said each class. In addition to training a classifier, the system provides a means of summarizing differences between classes.

A model construction module (MCM) for constructing a probabilistic model (PM) of a wireless environment (RN) in which a target device (T) communicates using signals that have a measurable signal value (x), such as signal strength. The model construction module forms several submodels (611-631) of the wireless environment (RN). Each submodel indicates a probability distribution (F₁-F₃) for signal values at one or more locations (Q₁-Q_Y) in the wireless environment. The module combines the submodels to a probabilistic model (PM) of the wireless environment (RN), such that the probabilistic model indicates a probability distribution for signal values at several locations in the wireless environment. Alternatively, the model may insert new locations to a single model based on a combination of existing locations. The combination of submodels or existing locations comprises combining the inverse cumulative distribution functions of the submodels or existing locations.

A key management device and method which is required for provision of a security service in an EPON vulnerable to security breaches due to characteristics of Ethernet. A session key distribution function is performed in such a manner that, during the process of communication setup between an OLT and an ONU, the OLT multicasts a public key and the ONU receives the public key from the OLT and then distributes a corresponding session key to the OLT. A session key update function is performed in such a manner that an existing session key is updated with a new one through a periodic MPCP general gate message and an ONU report message.

The task of relevance score assignment to a set of items onto which an artificial neural network is applied is obtained by redistributing an initial relevance score derived from the network output, onto the set of items by reversely propagating the initial relevance score through the artificial neural network so as to obtain a relevance score for each item. In particular, this reverse propagation is applicable to a broader set of artificial neural networks and/or at lower computational efforts by performing same in a manner so that for each neuron, preliminarily redistributed relevance scores of a set of downstream neighbor neurons of the respective neuron are distributed on a set of upstream neighbor neurons of the respective neuron according to a distribution function.

A multilevel optical receiver can comprise a plurality of comparators that generally correspond with the number of levels in a multilevel data stream. Each comparator can be individually controlled and fed a decision threshold in order to decode a multilevel signal. The multilevel optical receiver can generate a statistical characterization of the received symbols in the form of a marginal cumulative distribution function (CDF) or probability density function (pdf). This characterization can be used to produce a set of ε-support estimates from which conditional pdfs are derived for each of the transmission symbols. These conditional pdfs may then be used to determine decision thresholds for decoding the received signal. The conditional pdfs may further be used to continuously estimate the fidelity or error rate of the received signal without the transmission of a testing sequence. The ε-supports may further be used to automatically control the gain on the receiver.

Systems and methods for reslicing data in a representation of a relational database are disclosed. In one embodiment, the database includes a representation including a first slice. The database system creates a plurality of new slice and to create a plurality of write queues. The database system copies units of data in the first slice to the new slices according to a distribution function. The distribution function determines, for each unit of data in the first slice, one of the new slices into which to copy the unit of data. The database system asynchronously writes one or more actions of a set of one or more asynchronous database transactions to the first slice when copying the data in the first slice to the new slices. The database asynchronously enqueues the one or more actions of the set of asynchronous database transactions in the write queues according to the distribution function.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide blade servers having blade switches that function as switches in the data plane, but do not have a Domain_ID. Control plane switching functions are performed by a fabric switch (e.g., a core switch) to which the blade server is attached. A fabric switch to which a blade switch is attached may perform address assignment functions for blades of the blade server. The blade switch preferably converts FLOGI requests to FDISC requests that are forwarded to an attached fabric switch. Some implementations provide for the multiple fabric switches, all of which are configured for communication with at least one blade switch, to establish and maintain the state of a virtual Domain_ID.

A radio frequency identification (RFID) dispenser that includes low cost electronic components that can read and write to the tag of a refill cartridge. In one embodiment, the reader utilizes a multi band pass filter to convert the radio frequency identification into a digital signal that is processed by a controller to perform a dispensing function representative to the code of the tag. In another embodiment, the controller utilizes an internal comparator to convert the radio frequency identification into a digital signal that is processed by a controller to perform a dispensing function representative to the code of the tag. The dispenser in both embodiments also includes a pair of transistors that write to the RFID tag of the refill cartridge. A dispenser according to the invention also includes the capability to read and/or write to tags upon cartridges employed by the dispenser, and augmenting the operation of the dispenser as a function thereof. Additionally, a dispenser of variable size is presented that is adaptable, through adjustable partitions or a telescoping cup, to receive and maintain cartridges of various sizes.

A system and apparatus are disclosed for modeling patterns of behavior of humans or other animate objects and detecting a violation of a repetitive pattern of behavior. The behavior of one or more persons is observed over time and features of the behavior are recorded in a multi-dimensional space. Over time, the multi-dimensional data provides an indication of patterns of human behavior. Activities that are repetitive in terms of time, location and activity, such as sleeping and eating, would appear as a Gaussian distribution or cluster in the multi-dimensional data. Probability distribution functions can be analyzed using known Gaussian or clustering techniques to identify repetitive patterns of behavior and characteristics thereof, such as a mean and variance. Deviations from repetitive patterns of behavior can be detected and an alarm can be triggered, if appropriate.

A method for determining a formation fluid property includes acquiring a suite of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of a fluid sample using a pulse sequence that includes pulsed field gradient pulses for encoding diffusion information, wherein each NMR measurement in the suite is acquired with a different value in a parameter in the pulsed field gradient pulses for producing a different diffusion effect, wherein the acquiring is performed in a formation fluid sampling tool in a borehole; inverting the suite of NMR measurements to produce a distribution function that relates diffusion properties of the fluid sample with an NMR property of the fluid sample; and determining the formation fluid property from the distribution function.