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In molecular kinetic theory in physics, a particle's distribution function is a function of seven variables, f(x,y,z,t;vₓ,vy,vz), which gives the number of particles per unit volume in single-particle phase space. It is the number of particles per unit volume having approximately the velocity 𝐯=(vₓ,vy,vz) near the position 𝐫=(x,y,z) and time t. The usual normalization of the distribution function is n(x,y,z,t)=∫f dvₓ dvy dvz, N(t)=∫n dx dy dz, where, N is the total number of particles, and n is the number density of particles – the number of particles per unit volume, or the density divided by the mass of individual particles.