142 results about "Surface runoff" patented technology

The invention discloses an intelligent discharge port dynamic regulation and control system and method based on multi-source time sequence fusion, and relates to the technical field of intelligent water affairs, and the system comprises a data collection module which is used for obtaining the multi-source data of a target area in real time; the space-time fusion module is used for mapping the meteorological radar data to the topological space of the drainage pipe network through a space-time alignment encoder, dynamically fusing the meteorological radar data, the surface runoff sensor data and the historical drainage data by adopting a multi-head attention mechanism, and generating a space-time fusion tensor; the prediction model module is used for constructing a TCN-LSTM hybrid model, taking the space-time fusion tensor as input and taking future drainage flow as output; and the dynamic regulation and control module is used for optimizing the gate opening degree and the pump station power control sequence in a rolling manner based on a model predictive control algorithm, and performing dual-target optimization by combining real-time electricity price data and overflow risks. According to the system, the prediction precision of the drainage flow can be improved, and double-target balance of the overflow risk and the energy consumption cost can be achieved.

The invention discloses a flood detention area emergency evacuation early warning method based on environmental perception and intelligent analysis, and relates to the technical field of flood control and disaster mitigation, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the original data of a flood detention area site, and forming a monitoring array; a monitoring array is divided into a plurality of monitoring units according to geographic grids, a rainfall permeation model is established according to rainfall data and soil humidity data, a surface runoff field is constructed in combination with terrain elevation data, and the confluence direction of the runoff field is calibrated through water level data; based on a rainfall penetration model and a surface runoff field, generating a flood detention area inundation evolution sequence, segmenting into an inundation grade map according to a time step length, planning a flood detention area emergency evacuation path, matching with a road network in a geographic information system, generating an optimal evacuation path, and issuing graded early warning information to an early warning area. And sending a withdrawal instruction to residents in the flood detention area through the emergency broadcasting system. According to the invention, by establishing a partition early warning mechanism and a differential early warning strategy, accurate delivery and efficient transmission of early warning information are realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of data integration, and particularly discloses a perfluoro / polyfluoroalkyl substance multi-source exposure data integration risk assessment system, which is characterized in that environmental exposure data of perfluoro / polyfluoroalkyl substances is acquired through a multi-source environmental sensor array, and a PFAS multi-mode exposure feature database is established; carrying out pollution source isotope fingerprint analysis, and obtaining source contribution rate distribution maps of three pollution sources of industrial emission, surface runoff and atmospheric settlement through a nonlinear source analysis algorithm; constructing a three-dimensional geographic information dynamic migration model according to the source contribution rate distribution map, and generating a multi-medium dynamic migration flux matrix; a composite risk assessment model is established based on the multi-medium dynamic migration flux matrix, probability risk assessment is executed in combination with an ecological toxicity threshold database, and a space gridding risk grade map is output; the method not only fills the blank of the prior art in the aspects of multi-medium dynamic modeling and nonlinear source analysis, but also provides powerful technical support for environmental pollution control and ecological risk prevention and control.

The invention discloses a surface runoff cause identification method and device based on deep learning and interpretability analysis, and is used for solving the technical problem of low identification precision caused by the existing surface runoff cause identification method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring meteorological and hydrological factor time series data, and inputting the meteorological and hydrological factor time series data into a surface runoff cause identification model based on deep learning; the surface runoff cause identification model based on deep learning comprises a one-dimensional convolution module, a bidirectional long short-term memory network and an identification module based on a multi-head attention mechanism. A one-dimensional convolution module is adopted to carry out convolution operation on the meteorological and hydrological factor time sequence data, and a local response feature sequence is output; performing bidirectional processing operation on the local response feature sequence through a bidirectional long-short-term memory network to generate a target comprehensive feature sequence; and inputting the target comprehensive feature sequence into an identification module based on a multi-head attention mechanism for identification, and outputting a target surface runoff cause identification result.

The invention discloses a source network, plant, river and lake integrated model simulation method and device, a medium and equipment in the technical field of regional water environment pollution treatment. The method comprises the following steps: inputting a boundary condition and an initial condition of a first model into a pre-constructed surface runoff production and convergence model of a target area, and outputting a flow rate of surface runoff and a water quality index time sequence; inputting the boundary condition and the initial condition of the second model into a pre-constructed pipe network model of a target area, and outputting a flow and water quality index time sequence of key nodes in a pipe network system; and inputting the boundary condition and the initial condition of the third model into a pre-constructed riverway and lake grid model of a target area, and simulating the river and lake hydrodynamics and water quality change process of the target area. According to the invention, coupling simulation of surface runoff, pipe networks, rivers and lakes is realized, and a propagation path and an influence mechanism of pollutants are comprehensively reflected; and high precision and reliability of the model are ensured through parameter calibration.

The present application relates to the technical field of the treatment of heavy metal pollution, and in particular, to a method for predicting heavy metal accumulation in soil based on an emission inventory and a receptor model. Atmospheric dust fall, irrigation water, a fertilizer, and a pesticide are used as heavy metal input flux sources of farmland soil, and surface runoff and a crop are used as output fluxes. A heavy metal pollutant input-output flux inventory is established to specify a dynamic equilibrium relationship of heavy metal accumulation in soil, and soil samples are collected and monitored continuously, which provides important help for determining a migration equilibrium of heavy metals in a farmland region affected by a nonferrous metal dressing and smelting slag yard and a source of soil heavy metal pollution, thereby providing theoretical guidance for subsequent prevention and accurate control of heavy metals in soil.

This invention discloses a non-uniform fertilization method for controlling non-point source pollution in sloping farmland, comprising: determining the type of cultivated crop and fertilization spacing based on the slope of the target treatment area; dividing the target treatment area into several plots of the same size, determining the slope length based on the slope of each plot, and dividing each plot into three slope positions: the foot, the middle, and the top; determining the fertilization amount at the top of the corresponding plot based on the soil nutrient background value; fertilizing each plot in the target treatment area, with the fertilization amount decreasing proportionally at the top, middle, and foot of the slope; collecting surface runoff samples generated after rainfall at the lower part of each plot, measuring pollutant indicators in the collected water samples to obtain non-point source pollution results; and after the crops on the sloping farmland are harvested, measuring and calculating the crop's fertilizer absorption and utilization efficiency, and obtaining the crop output under non-uniform fertilization. This invention can effectively reduce non-point source pollution in sloping farmland while ensuring crop yield, and has the advantage of low cost.

The invention discloses an intelligent irrigation dynamic regulation and control method and system based on multi-source data. The method comprises the steps that the daily total water demand volume is calculated; acquiring the volume moisture content of the soil of the surface layer and the main root system layer in real time through an array sensor, and calculating the real-time infiltration gradient between the surface layer and the main root system layer; and executing a pulse irrigation process formed by alternation of irrigation pulses and infiltration waiting pulses, stopping water supply when the volumetric water content of the surface layer reaches a first preset threshold value, starting next water supply when the real-time infiltration gradient is lower than a second preset threshold value, and stopping water supply until the accumulated irrigation amount reaches the daily total required water volume or deep layer leakage is monitored. The system is used for executing the method. According to the method, the soil internal infiltration gradient serves as the physical basis of pulse start and stop, efficient conveying of water to deep soil is achieved, the contradiction that surface runoff and deep root system water shortage coexist is solved, and the water utilization rate is increased.

The invention discloses a rice irrigation area nitrogen and phosphorus reduction process simulation method and system. The method comprises the following steps: respectively calculating irrigation nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and field surface water nitrogen concentration of a current round of a rice irrigation area according to meteorological data, field management data and water quality monitoring data; determining the concentration of pollutants carried by surface runoff and underground leaching load according to the nitrogen concentration of the field surface water; calculating the migration attenuation of the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the ditch based on preset ditch parameters and the concentration of pollutants carried by the surface runoff to obtain the ditch outlet concentration; calculating the pond purification concentration based on preset pond parameters and the ditch outlet concentration; and calculating the recharge water phosphorus concentration according to the pond purification concentration and the recharge proportion, and updating the irrigation water phosphorus concentration of the next round in the rice irrigation area according to the recharge water phosphorus concentration to finish the reduction process simulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the rice irrigation area. The method can be used for quickly and accurately simulating the nitrogen and phosphorus reduction process and discharge load of each part of the paddy irrigation area from field to ditch to pond.

The invention provides a mountainous area railway drainage facility site selection method based on a hydrological space site selection analysis model, and relates to the technical field of runoff pollution control, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the preprocessing of collected data, and obtaining the environment data of a mountainous area railway; a terrain factor analysis layer, a runoff calculation layer, a dumping point screening layer, a spatial clustering analysis layer, a geometric recognition classification layer and a drainage facility recommendation layer are utilized to construct a three-dimensional hydrological space site selection analysis model; and carrying out spatial clustering dimension reduction analysis and surface runoff calculation on the mountainous area railway environment data by utilizing the three-dimensional hydrological space site selection analysis model to obtain a site selection result of the mountainous area railway drainage facility so as to finish site selection of the mountainous area railway drainage facility. The method solves the problem that accurate site selection of drainage facilities of mountainous railways is difficult.

The invention discloses a CA-LSTM-RF soil heavy metal accumulation space-time prediction algorithm under a deep learning framework, and belongs to the technical field of soil heavy metal accumulation space-time prediction algorithms, and the algorithm comprises the steps: obtaining soil heavy metal content data of each sampling point in a plurality of historical periods in a target region and an environment variable data set affecting soil heavy metal accumulation; the method comprises the following steps: performing abnormal value detection, missing data supplementation, alignment processing, quantification processing, normalization processing and time sequence coding on data, performing cellular water flow direction judgment by improving a CA model and designing diffusion process simulation of adaptive time, and calculating heavy metal surface runoff diffusion by using a Manning formula. And taking the diffusion value of the heavy metal along with the surface runoff and the environment variable data as input, extracting a historical data relationship through LSTM, outputting a soil heavy metal accumulation prediction value at the current moment, and taking the output of the LSTM as input to construct an RF model to predict the spatial characteristics of the soil heavy metal.

The invention relates to the technical field of urban drainage modeling simulation, in particular to a hybrid drive modeling method and device for an urban drainage pipe network, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a control equation of an earth surface runoff generation stage and a control equation of a pipe network conveying stage, and constructing a hybrid drive model based on the control equation of the earth surface runoff generation stage and the control equation of the pipe network conveying stage; constructing a mechanism driving model, and obtaining a prediction result error of the mechanism driving model; and establishing a data driving model, inputting the error into the data driving model to calculate a residual error correction value of the data driving model, determining a dynamic compensation value, fusing the dynamic compensation value and a prediction result based on a corresponding weight, and constructing a hybrid driving model of the urban drainage network. Therefore, the problem that the simulation precision and robustness of a complex drainage system cannot be effectively guaranteed due to the fact that the related technology still has obvious weaknesses in the aspects of complex working condition adaptability, multi-facility cooperative regulation and control supporting capacity, atypical rainfall scene prediction precision and the like is solved.

The present invention provides a method for simulating and calculating agricultural non-point source loads, which relates to the field of agricultural non-point source pollution calculation. The method comprises: constructing an agricultural non-point source load calculation model, reading surface runoff time series data of each hydrological response unit in a watershed, and setting corresponding model parameters; setting a time step, and using the surface runoff time series data and the model parameters, sequentially calculating the soil thickness that can be washed within the current time step, the amount of pollutants that can be washed per unit area, and the amount of pollutants actually washed per unit area, ultimately obtaining an updated amount of soil pollutant concentration for the current time step; performing the above calculations for all hydrological response units within a simulation period, obtaining a time series of the updated amount of soil pollutant concentration, and calculating the agricultural non-point source load of the watershed within the simulation period in combination with the surface runoff time series data. The present invention incorporates the natural processes of agricultural non-point source washout into the model, resulting in a more accurate and interpretable agricultural non-point source load.

The invention discloses a camellia oleifera forest water and soil conservation method suitable for a hilly land, which comprises the following steps: carrying out partitioned soil preparation on the hilly land forest land, and arranging an intermittent ladder belt and an undisturbed soil belt in a slope cultivation area along a contour line; constructing a soil stabilizing structure and a water seepage buffer layer on the upstream side of the ladder belt to reduce corrosion and promote seepage; water collection slow-release ditches are arranged on the inner sides of the ladder belts for retaining and storing runoff; arranging a soil and water retention composite layer in the camellia oleifera planting pit; a desilting basin is arranged in the slope toe water collecting area to recover runoff; according to the method, the hilly land forest land is subjected to partitioned soil preparation, and the intermittent ladder belts and the undisturbed soil belts are arranged in the slope surface cultivation areas along the contour lines, so that slope surface runoff scouring can be weakened; a soil stabilizing structure, a water seepage buffer layer and a water collection slow release ditch are combined, so that runoff corrosion reduction and water retention are realized; the soil and water retention composite layers in the camellia oleifera planting pits are matched, so that the stability and the water retention capacity of the root zone can be enhanced, water and soil loss is effectively controlled under the condition that large-scale hard engineering is not needed, and the water utilization efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a regional groundwater supply simulation method based on a rainfall intensity dynamic response mechanism. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting and preprocessing data of a research area; then simulating a rainfall redistribution process; calculating surface runoff production and initial infiltration; calculating dynamic infiltration response based on rainfall intensity; calculating actual evapotranspiration; and finally outputting the groundwater replenishment amount. According to the method, the key technical problem that underground water supply under high-intensity rainfall is systematically underestimated due to the fact that an existing regional underground water supply simulation method is insufficient in rainfall intensity dynamic response and ignores a rapid deep seepage mechanism induced by high-intensity rainfall is solved.

The application discloses a method for measuring the influence of vegetation on runoff by combining a physical mechanism and an LSTM model, and comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting basic data of a research area; step 2, data processing; step 3, analyzing the influence mechanism among meteorology, vegetation, soil and runoff based on a SEM model; and step 4, simulating a runoff process based on an LSTM model to evaluate the influence of vegetation change on runoff. The method provided by the application analyzes the path of the influence of mountainous vegetation change on runoff and quantifies the influence amount, solves the problem of analyzing the influence of vegetation restoration on surface runoff attenuation, and provides a scientific reference for formulating a reasonable vegetation restoration plan in the next step.

The invention discloses an evaluation method of a hydrodynamic lifting technology based on terrain height difference. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: setting a threshold value based on a connected target to screen a target water body region to be connected; combining geographical, economic and humanistic factors to select resistance factors influencing water system communication, and determining the weight of each resistance factor to construct a water system communication comprehensive resistance surface; identifying potential water system communication galleries in the target water body area based on the target water body area and the water system communication comprehensive resistance surface; optimizing and adjusting a water system communication path according to the construction difficulty of the water system communication gallery and the current situation of regional surface runoff; and evaluating the regional hydrodynamic force lifting effect before and after the communication of the optimized and adjusted water system communication path. According to the method, the problems that a traditional numerical simulation method is complex in application, inconvenient to operate and the like in regional hydrodynamic evaluation are solved, and more convenient and efficient hydrodynamic evaluation is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of urban flood simulation, in particular to an urban flood simulation method based on a physical information neural network and multi-GPU calculation. The method comprises the following steps that a computational domain in urban flood simulation is divided into triangular grids, a data matrix is established, a solving process is divided into reconstruction calculation, flux calculation, bottom slope and friction source item calculation and flux updating, and then a two-dimensional shallow water equation finite volume solving process is constructed; a physical information neural network is used for replacing a numerical calculation step in a finite volume solving process of a two-dimensional shallow water equation, a simulation prediction model is obtained through training of the physical information neural network, and the simulation prediction model is used for rapid calculation of a surface runoff process; simulation coupling is carried out on the urban pipe network drainage process and the surface runoff process in urban flood simulation, and a drainage calculation model is constructed. According to the invention, rapid, stable and extensible simulation of large-scale urban flood is realized through an urban flood simulation technology.

The invention belongs to the technical field of pollutant traceability, and relates to a surface runoff particulate matter quantitative traceability method and system and a readable medium, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting element composition data of surface runoff particulate matters; classifying the particulate matters through a clustering algorithm according to the element composition data of the particulate matters; determining the average value of the element composition of each type of particulate matters; and comparing the average value of the elemental composition with the elemental composition characteristic spectrum, and determining the source type corresponding to each type of particulate matter. According to the method, source identification is carried out according to the characteristic that different sources have different element compositions, the source of the surface runoff particulate matter can be accurately identified, quantitative analysis of contribution of each source is realized, a scientific and accurate basis is provided for surface runoff pollution source prevention and control, targeted pollution control measures can be formulated, and pollution prevention and control efficiency can be improved.

The soil collecting device comprises a sample storage pipe and an outer sleeve arranged on the sample storage pipe in a sleeving mode, the upper end of the outer sleeve is open, the lower end of the outer sleeve is provided with a conical part, a supporting disc is arranged on the outer sleeve, a rotating disc located on the upper side of the supporting disc is movably arranged on the outer sleeve through a bearing, and at least one clamping hole is formed in the circumferential direction of the rotating disc. The bottom end of the sample storage pipe is closed, the upper end of the sample storage pipe is open, the sample storage pipe is provided with a mounting disc located on the upper side of the rotating disc, the bottom of the mounting disc is provided with a first mounting ring capable of being arranged on the rotating disc in a sleeving mode, the first mounting ring is provided with a first positioning structure matched with the clamping hole, and the circumferential wall of the sample storage pipe is provided with at least one feeding port; a material guiding opening matched with the feeding opening is formed in the outer sleeve, and a second positioning structure used for aligning the feeding opening and the material guiding opening is arranged between the mounting disc and the supporting disc, so that the problems of inconvenience in use and difficulty in operation in the prior art are solved, and the efficiency and convenience of soil sampling are improved.

This invention discloses a device for in-situ monitoring of surface runoff-interflow on plantation forest slopes, comprising a surface runoff ditch, a surface runoff collection well, an interflow pipe, and an interflow collection well. The surface runoff ditch is horizontally constructed on the slope, with a lower center and higher sides. The surface runoff collection well is connected at the center of the ditch. The interflow pipe is vertically inserted into the slope, with multiple interflow collection boxes on its side. A central pipe is located at the center of the interflow pipe, and the central pipe is connected to the interflow collection well. Compared with existing technologies, this invention can collect interflow in continuous slopes.

The invention relates to the technical field of water and soil simulation analysis, and discloses a slope infiltration and stability analysis method, a medium and equipment. According to the method, seepage characteristics and a fractal theory are introduced, a GA model is improved, a new slope rainfall infiltration model is provided, the model is combined with groundwater distribution to establish a slope initial moisture content distribution model, a runoff-seepage coupling effect is introduced, and the influence of slope surface accumulated water on the infiltration rate is dynamically analyzed; the Mohr-Coulomb intensity criterion is optimized based on the saturated zone seepage effect and the fractal theory, the improved infiltration model is applied to limited slope stability analysis, and the limitation that a traditional model is only suitable for an infinite long slope is broken through; by comprehensively considering factors such as soil particle size characteristics, slope surface runoff, gradient, rainfall intensity and underground water level, the safety coefficient of each point position in the slope can be accurately calculated, and the accuracy of infiltration process description and the reliability of slope stability analysis under the heavy rainfall working condition are remarkably improved.

The application provides a mature rubber tree fertilization method based on nutrient circulation, which comprises the following steps: step one, establishing a relational expression Y i = litter decomposition + rainfall input + tree leaching + artificial fertilization; Y o = tree absorption + surface runoff; step two, using the soil nutrient balance principle, i.e. nutrient input Y i = nutrient output Y o , the above formula is brought into, and litter decomposition + rainfall input + tree leaching + artificial fertilization = tree absorption + surface runoff is obtained; step three, through nutrient calculation and data analysis, a function relationship between the recommended amount of fertilization Y f of the mature rubber tree and the tree age X is fitted, i.e. Y f =aX 2 +bX+c; the application solves the contradiction that the fertilization management does not meet the production demand caused by the problems such as single rubber tree fertilization formula, old diagnosis technology and difficult-to-determine test analysis index, and has good yield-increasing effect and production practicability.

This invention discloses a DEM data correction method that takes into account the characteristics of surface runoff routes, belonging to the field of digital elevation model construction technology. It solves the problem that in some scenarios, region-based DEMs can no longer accurately simulate the surface runoff process, thus preventing DEMs from playing their due role in urban surface runoff simulation. The key technical points are that the method includes the following steps: S1, data preparation: acquiring DEM data of the analysis area and marking the outlet and boundary positions in the DEM raster; S2, marking the flow direction of the raster cell at the outlet location as 0, indicating that the water flow cell of that raster does not flow to other raster cells; S3, finding the raster cells adjacent to the outlet cell and calculating the flow direction of each raster cell according to the principle of maximizing elevation difference. The effect is that this invention covers the key technology of raster elevation value correction based on surface flow direction characteristics, which can improve the application value of DEM data in the field of hydrological analysis.

The invention provides an ecological management method for surface runoff ditch-passing mining, which comprises the steps of pre-mining management, during-mining management, post-mining management and ecological restoration, and the pre-mining management method provided by the invention can reduce the leakage area of flowing water at the bottom of a ditch, and reduce the project amount of the during-mining management and the post-mining management. According to the mining treatment method, the subsidence cracks and the low-lying areas can be rapidly repaired, and the anti-seepage and anti-scouring capacity of the channel is improved. According to the post-mining treatment method, the depression appearing after mining can be subjected to multi-layer compaction repair, and the water flow scouring resistance effect can be improved. The mining safety can be guaranteed, the underground leakage phenomenon is avoided, and the local ecological environment can be restored.

The present application discloses a method and device for simulating wind, solar and water resource elements based on an improved land surface model. The method includes: integrating the Fitch scheme into the Noah-MP land surface model to optimize the runoff parameterization scheme to obtain an optimized land surface process model; determining the land surface model grid corresponding to each watershed, and determining the area ratio of the land surface model grid in the corresponding watershed; driving the WRF model to obtain the output results of the wind, solar and water resource elements; at each time step of the optimized land surface process model, using the area ratio as a weight, taking the weighted average of the surface runoff and underground runoff output by the optimized land surface process model to obtain the total runoff of the watershed; taking the total runoff of the watershed as the lateral inflow of the corresponding river section, inputting it into the river network confluence model, running the river network confluence model, and simulating the output results of the river hydrological process.

This invention discloses an ecological pollution assessment method and visualization system that integrates hydrogeological factors, relating to the field of ecological and environmental assessment technology. The method includes constructing potential ecological risk indices for soil and water bodies and performing spatial interpolation, then performing three-dimensional coupling and fusion based on topographic and hydrological connectivity. Topographic factors such as slope, runoff direction, and surface runoff are incorporated into the pollution migration weight model. The spatial correlation structure of the risk index at sampling points is characterized based on a semi-variogram, ensuring that the contribution weight of each sampling point to the interpolation point has a clear statistical basis. Based on the three-dimensional coupled pollution model, geographical attributes and ecological sensitivity levels are introduced for weighted correction, so that the assessment results not only reflect pollution intensity but also simultaneously reflect the regional ecological carrying capacity, thus providing systematic support for the refined pollution assessment and management of ecological and environmental zones.

The present application relates to a kind of mixed dump, comprising: bedrock, which is arranged at the bottom of dump;Bottom infiltration layer, which is arranged on bedrock and is used to drain and collect dump surface runoff;Rock layer, which is stacked on the upper layer of bottom infiltration layer;Mixing layer, which is stacked on the upper layer of rock layer, mixing layer includes weathered soil layer, center rock wall, block stone layer, isolation layer and filter layer, wherein the space between every two adjacent center rock walls is reserved to form a groove, the filter layer is arranged at the bottom of the groove, the weathered soil layer and the block stone layer are respectively stacked in the two sides of the groove, and the weathered soil layer and the block stone layer in adjacent two grooves are staggered stacked, and the isolation layer is arranged at the front of the weathered soil layer and the block stone layer after stacking is completed.In addition, the present application also relates to a mixing method of mixed dump.The present application can improve the comprehensive utilization rate of dump and ensure the stability and drainage of dump.

The application discloses a quick assembling and disassembling type field steep slope surface runoff monitoring device, which comprises an organic plate, a water collecting tank is installed on the water-approaching surface of the organic plate, an assembling mechanism, the assembling mechanism comprises concave seats and stable components, the two concave seats are symmetrically arranged on the water-approaching surface of the organic plate, the stable components comprise threaded rods and extension columns, the extension columns are symmetrically arranged on the side surfaces of the water collecting tank, one end of the extension column abuts against the concave seat, the side surface of the extension column is provided with a threaded groove, the inside of the concave seat is provided with a threaded hole for the threaded rod to penetrate, and one end of the threaded rod is screwed into the threaded groove, the extension column is of an L-shaped structure, and the extension column and the water collecting tank are of an integral structure, and the concave seat and the organic plate are of an integral structure, and the device can be assembled and spliced according to actual requirements of users to realize runoff monitoring under various slopes.

The invention discloses a micro-topography dynamic stagnation process simulation method based on basic micro-topography units, which comprises the following steps: for a micro-topography area, taking the basic micro-topography units as basic units for filling pits, and performing iterative calculation by adopting a dynamic pit filling method according to a filling and discharging relation of the basic micro-topography units, so as to obtain a micro-topography dynamic stagnation process; and simulating a depression filling process of a depression system in the micro-topographic region in a rainfall process to obtain a dynamic retention process of the whole micro-topographic region. According to the method, ordered expression of an unordered microtopography structure is achieved, the number of units participating in dynamic depression filling calculation is greatly reduced, the dynamic depression filling calculation efficiency of the microtopography can be remarkably improved, the method can be widely applied to simulation analysis of the dynamic stagnation process of the microtopography area, and the dynamic depression filling calculation efficiency of the microtopography area is improved. And an efficient and extensible new method is provided for quantitatively depicting the dynamic retention effect of the microtopography on the surface runoff.