179 results about "Emergency evacuation" patented technology

The invention discloses a booster station barrier-free channel digital twinborn evacuation early warning method. The problem of path planning misalignment caused by insufficient multi-source sensing data fusion is effectively solved. Through spatial data integration of the digital twin model, the available state of the barrier-free facility and the disaster influence range can be accurately identified. A dynamic path planning algorithm continuously optimizes an evacuation route in the disaster evolution process, and people are prevented from entering an affected dangerous area. The multi-modal instruction generation mechanism ensures that people with different physiological characteristics can obtain adaptive evacuation guidance, the retention risk caused by a single information transmission mode is reduced, the response speed and reliability of the emergency evacuation system are further improved through the real-time state monitoring and path updating functions, the geometric dimension and space coordinates of facilities are accurately collected, and the emergency evacuation system is more accurate in real-time state monitoring and path updating. The consistency of a virtual model and an actual environment is ensured, and data support is provided for facility availability evaluation in a disaster environment by configuring material characteristics and accessibility parameters.

The invention provides a building interior design layout optimization method, and relates to the technical field of indoor modeling and layout optimization, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining building structure boundary data and current situation layout information, constructing an indoor three-dimensional space model, and completing the marking of node passing attributes and a spatial topological structure. On the basis, crowd behavior data of a daily scene and an emergency scene are collected, behavior characteristics such as walking speed, obstacle avoidance response and congestion sensitivity are extracted, and a walking characteristic model used for simulating the individual motion trend is established. And performing multi-scene simulation under a daily event and an emergency evacuation event by using the walking feature model, calculating performance indexes such as passing time, local congestion degree, key node congestion probability and total evacuation time, and identifying a congestion sensitive area. And further constructing a multi-target evaluation model including traffic efficiency, congestion degree and evacuation performance, and performing global optimization on layout adjustable parameters by adopting an algorithm to obtain a candidate layout scheme set.

The invention discloses an emergency pointing method and system based on door lock cooperation, and the method comprises the steps: enabling each door lock to receive and analyze an emergency pointing preparation message according to evacuation path configuration information issued by a management platform, completing the joining of a multicast group, and feeding back a ready state; starting an emergency pointing process according to an emergency pointing starting message issued by the management platform; according to the received alarm synchronization message, the door locks sequentially relay to give alarms according to the evacuation path sequence, and automatic skipping of the fault door lock is achieved through an interception mechanism; and according to a termination instruction issued by the management platform, all the door locks stop alarming and exit the multicast group. By utilizing the embodiment of the invention, the visual indication limitation of the emergency evacuation lamp can be supplemented, the emergency evacuation lamp is adaptive to groups with limited visual ability, the continuity of emergency indication is ensured, and the evacuation efficiency and safety in emergencies in complex places are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of public safety personnel evacuation, discloses a public emergency emotional infection simulation method, and aims to solve the problems that an existing emotional infection simulation model does not fully consider a group emotional propagation theoretical mechanism and the influence of personality characteristics of an intelligent agent and is insufficient in simulation precision and authenticity. The method is based on an improved SIRS (Susceptable-Infected-Recovery-Susceptable) model and an OCEAN large five-personality model, and is realized through the following six core steps: 1) constructing a three-dimensional simulation model of a public place; 2) initializing personality characteristics, emotional states and behavior states of the agents; 3) calculating an emotion propagation process (including a propagation range, an influence value, a distance weight and emotion conflict processing) between the intelligent agents; the method comprises the steps of (1) acquiring the emotion of the intelligent agent, (2) calculating the emotion attenuation of the intelligent agent, (3) determining the evacuation speed and completing analogue simulation, (4) realizing the behavior logic of the intelligent agent in different emotion states, (5) calculating the emotion attenuation of the intelligent agent, and (6) determining the evacuation speed and completing analogue simulation. The method can accurately restore the emotion infection and evacuation behaviors of the crowd in an emergency scene, improves the simulation authenticity and lightweight level, and provides decision support for emergency evacuation scheme making and emergency management.

The utility model provides a landing leg oil cylinder and a hydraulic auxiliary supporting system, and belongs to the technical field of heavy machinery, the landing leg oil cylinder comprises a telescopic oil cylinder and a landing leg base located at the bottom of the telescopic oil cylinder, and the landing leg base is used for supporting the telescopic oil cylinder; the travel switch is provided with a switch contact, and the switch contact protrudes towards the ground, so that the travel switch is in contact with the ground before the landing leg base is in contact with the ground, and the landing leg base has a complete ground contact state and a non-complete ground contact state; the manual adjusting mechanism is arranged on the supporting leg base; in a state of completely contacting with the ground, the telescopic oil cylinder normally stretches out and draws back; in the state that the supporting leg base is not in complete contact with the ground, the supporting leg base is adjusted to be in complete contact with the ground through the manual adjusting mechanism. The hydraulic supporting leg oil cylinder can effectively solve the problem that the supporting stability of the hydraulic supporting leg oil cylinder is insufficient in a complex environment, and ensures that the supporting leg oil cylinder can be reliably withdrawn when a hydraulic system breaks down, so that the safety and the emergency evacuation capacity of an engineering vehicle are improved.

The invention discloses an urban waterlogging resident emergency evacuation path guiding method for a smart community, and relates to the technical field of smart cities and emergency management. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing a community digital twinborn base fusing geographic information, building information, Internet of Things sensing data and a hydrodynamic model; dynamic inversion and prediction of the waterlogging situation are realized by assimilating a multi-source observation data driving model; calculating the space-time dynamic risk of the evacuation road network based on the prediction result, and generating a risk map; calculating a space-time evacuation scheme including optimal departure time and a specific path sequence for residents or families by combining resident personalized constraints and adopting a double-layer optimization model combining macroscopic flow distribution and microscopic path planning; finally, instructions are issued through multiple channels such as an intelligent terminal and broadcast, and dynamic adjustment is performed based on real-time monitoring, so that accurate perception, prospective prediction, personalized planning and collaborative guidance of waterlogging evacuation are realized, and the overall efficiency of community emergency evacuation is effectively improved.

The invention discloses a fire-fighting emergency evacuation guiding system driven by reinforcement learning, relates to the technical field of emergency evacuation guiding, and provides the following scheme that the fire-fighting emergency evacuation guiding system comprises the steps of gridding a monitoring area and calculating a comprehensive danger value of each grid by collecting temperature, smoke concentration, personnel density and a standard path in a building in real time; after the high-risk grids are removed, the remaining grid risk values are input into a reinforcement learning decision model to generate candidate paths; a safety score is obtained by calculating the matching degree of a path and a standard path, and the score is dynamically adjusted in combination with the danger value of each grid and the personnel density; meanwhile, obtaining an efficiency score based on a path length ratio and performing corresponding optimization; and finally, determining an optimal evacuation path from the candidate paths by adopting a multi-objective optimization algorithm, and driving an intelligent indicating device to guide evacuation. According to the invention, the limitation of a fixed evacuation scheme in a dynamic fire scene is solved, intelligent emergency evacuation command is realized, and the safety and efficiency of the evacuation process are improved.

The invention discloses a rail transit fire emergency evacuation simulation analysis method and system, and relates to the technical field of fire evacuation simulation analysis, and the method comprises the steps: collecting three-dimensional space structure data, fire scene parameters and initial passenger distribution data of a target rail transit station; constructing an evacuation simulation model of the intelligent body passengers; generating dynamic fire risk field data; coupling the dynamic fire risk field data with the evacuation simulation model, and constructing an evacuation simulation operation result; according to the method, the technical problems that in the prior art, the rail transit fire emergency evacuation simulation scene restoration is not accurate, the path decision is not combined with dynamic risk and personnel interaction, and consequently the safety and efficiency of emergency evacuation are insufficient are solved; the technical effects that accurate simulation of the evacuation process and optimization of the evacuation path in the rail transit fire scene are achieved, and the safety and efficiency of emergency evacuation are improved are achieved.

The invention provides a tunnel safety monitoring and early warning management method and system, and relates to the technical field of tunnel safety, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the multi-mode data collection of a tunnel environment through a plurality of intelligent monitoring terminals connected to an RS485 bus, and carrying out the environment abnormality alarm triggering analysis; when any intelligent monitoring terminal detects an alarm event, the alarm event is broadcasted to other terminals through an RS485 bus, and other terminals receiving the alarm event autonomously analyze a diffusion probability map, calculate an emergency evacuation route and control an escape indicating device to display an evacuation direction; communication authority differentiation scheduling based on the RS485 bus is executed, and alarm event situation awareness based on multi-modal data dynamic updating is completed. The technical problems that in the prior art, tunnel safety monitoring and early warning management often adopts a centralized control mode, information transmission and processing are lagged, the alarm response time is long, and effective emergency disposal cannot be carried out in time are solved.

The invention discloses a hydropower station disaster early-warning emergency information processing method, system, equipment and medium, and the method comprises the steps: judging whether an earthquake early-warning signal is generated or not according to an earthquake signal received by a hydropower station early-warning receiving terminal, capturing the distribution situation of personnel in a hydropower station according to the hydropower station and the surrounding environment and distribution, and carrying out the early-warning of the hydropower station. All the building areas where people exist are locked; according to the personnel distribution situation in the hydropower station and the building areas where personnel exist, evacuation routes and route lengths from all dangerous areas to high-safety-level areas are obtained; synchronously monitoring the remaining number of people capable of being accommodated in each emergency refuge area; building area evacuation information and emergency refuge area residual capacity are comprehensively considered, and the priority index of each emergency refuge area is calculated; and sorting is carried out according to the priority indexes, and an optimal emergency refuge area is matched for each building area. According to the invention, efficient emergency evacuation can be realized, personnel life safety is guaranteed, and disaster response efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to the field of tunnel structures, and discloses a ventilation system and method for a through parallel adit extra-long highway tunnel. The system comprises a flat pilot tunnel, an inclined shaft, a plurality of connection channels, a ventilation system and an intelligent control system, and the flat pilot tunnel is located between a left tunnel and a right tunnel and is parallel to the left tunnel and the right tunnel; the inclined shaft is respectively communicated with the flat pilot tunnel, the left tunnel and the right tunnel; the connecting channels are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the flat pilot tunnel and enable the flat pilot tunnel to be communicated with the left tunnel and the right tunnel. Comprising a concrete partition plate extending in the length direction of the flat pilot tunnel, the concrete partition plate divides the flat pilot tunnel into an upper layer and a lower layer, a flat guide air supply duct and a flat guide discharge flue are formed respectively, and the flat guide air supply duct is also used as an emergency evacuation channel; and the control module is used for controlling the ventilation system to strengthen the air supply function in an emergency state, so that a positive pressure environment higher than the left hole and the right hole is formed and maintained in the flat guide air supply duct. The method has the beneficial effects that the flat pilot tunnel has the evacuation function, and the emergency rescue capacity is improved.

The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent traffic and emergency management, in particular to a kind of urban waterlogging emergency evacuation guiding method and system, including in response to waterlogging evacuation demand, the real-time position information of at least one evacuation target is acquired;Based on real-time position information, safety point information and real-time environmental risk data, at least one recommended safe evacuation destination is determined;For the evacuation target, one of the recommended safe evacuation destination is allocated as a target destination, and the allocation process uses the real-time available state of the target destination as the allocation constraint;Planning a safe evacuation path from the real-time position to the target destination, and the planning of the safe evacuation path is constrained by real-time environmental risk data;Provide guidance information containing target destination and safe evacuation path to the evacuation target;The present application effectively improves the overall success rate of waterlogging evacuation, and provides an efficient and feasible technical solution for urban waterlogging emergency management.

1. Name of the designed product: emergency lighting. 2. Use of the designed product: emergency evacuation lighting. 3. Design points of the designed product: in shape. 4. Picture or photo that best shows the design points: perspective view.

The application discloses a kind of based on real-time positioning and physiological data's cruise ship emergency evacuation guiding system and method, including bracelet terminal, monitoring subsystem, server platform and client;Bracelet terminal is worn in passenger or crew hand, including heart rate sensor, navigation display and prompt unit, wireless communication module and control circuit etc..Heart rate sensor is used to collect the heart rate information of wearer, navigation display and prompt unit are used to display route guide and provide vibration or voice prompt.By constructing dynamic electronic fence based on computer vision, combined with real-time personnel position and channel topological information to carry out evacuation simulation, generate and dynamically adjust the optimal evacuation path, and use physiological data such as heart rate to optimize the evacuation guiding strategy, trigger nearby rescue dispatch for people with abnormal vital signs, so as to improve the efficiency and safety of cruise ship emergency evacuation.

The invention relates to a shuttle vehicle track turnover mechanism applied to a safety channel, which comprises a turnover frame assembly, a guide rail assembly and a guide rail assembly, the overturning fixing seat assembly is fixedly arranged on the ground and serves as an overturning fulcrum of the overturning frame assembly; the magnetic attraction supporting leg assembly is arranged below the free end of the overturning frame assembly and used for locking the overturning frame assembly; the guiding and supporting assembly is arranged below the overturning frame assembly and used for guiding and positioning when the overturning frame assembly falls back; the winch driving mechanism comprises a winch, a steel wire rope, a stand column assembly and a steel wire rope steering assembly, the steel wire rope is reversed through the steel wire rope steering assembly, guided through the top end of the stand column assembly and then connected to the free end of the overturning frame assembly, and the winch drives the overturning frame assembly to turn up or fall down by winding and unwinding the steel wire rope. According to the device, overturning can be conducted, a channel is made, falling back is conducted after a fire alarm is relieved, locking is conducted again, and daily efficient conveying and emergency evacuation requirements are met.

The invention discloses an indoor scenic spot emergency evacuation method based on guiding force and tourist factors, and relates to the technical field of indoor scenic spot emergency management, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) guiding person deployment planning: delimiting at least two effective evacuation exits in an indoor scenic spot, deploying guiding persons at evacuation path key blind area nodes which are 8m or more away from the correct exits, and a channel bifurcation opening and an obstacle shielding area are included. According to the invention, by accurately deploying a guider in such key blind area nodes, defining that the guider needs to be located at an indirect visual path node which is 8m or more away from a correct exit, and arranging a striking identifier and a voice prompt device, when a tourist enters a 5m visual range, standardized exit guidance can be obtained in real time, such as the verbal skill of gesture pointing + 'correct exit on the side ', and the tourist can be directly guided to enter the visual range of 5m or more. The blind area information gap is completely filled, it is ensured that tourists can obtain continuous and accurate path information in the evacuation starting stage, and decision delay caused by information fault is avoided.

The invention provides an emergency evacuation method for an electromagnetic compatibility test of a power battery, and the method comprises an environment monitoring module, a water tank emergency protection module, a box moving robot system module, a test wire harness cut-off module, a test room control module, a control box module, and an electromagnetic compatibility test equipment protection module. And all the modules realize safety protection in an emergency scene through signal interaction and action linkage. Through cooperation of multiple modules, the single-dimension limitation of traditional protection is broken through, personnel-equipment-environment triple guarantee is constructed, a full-chain safety closed loop is formed, a full-automatic emergency evacuation process is achieved, manual intervention is not needed from emergency situation detection to transfer of a power battery to a safety area, and the evacuation efficiency and safety are improved.

1. The name of the design product: portable intelligent emergency call terminal. 2. The use of the design product: the design product is used to provide clear broadcast instructions, emergency warning and efficient emergency evacuation command in high-noise environment (such as construction site, large-scale event site) and emergency / group event. 3. The design points of the design product: in shape. 4. The picture or photo that best indicates the design points: perspective view 1.

The invention relates to the technical field of road reconstruction, in particular to an emergency evacuation simulation diagnosis driven road widening optimization method and system and a storage medium. According to the method, the moving speed of an individual on each road in the emergency evacuation process of the intensive urban area is simulated in a simulation environment, a congested road section is identified based on the moving simulation speed, then a broadening scheme is made for the congested road section, the road width is updated based on the broadening scheme, the evacuation performance corresponding to the broadening scheme is simulated, and the evacuation efficiency of the road is improved. And the construction cost generated by the broadening scheme is counted, and finally the broadening scheme is optimized based on the evacuation performance and the construction cost. According to the invention, the congested road section is positioned based on the mobile simulation speed, and the congested road section represents the congested road section in the real emergency evacuation process, so that a broadening scheme can be formulated for the congested road section which may actually occur, and the broadened road can meet the road conditions required by emergency evacuation.

The invention discloses a tunnel photoelectric sign system and an intelligent photoelectric guiding method, and relates to the field of tunnel photoelectric signs, and the method comprises the steps: inputting the data of a multi-modal sensor into a pre-trained multi-modal fusion accident recognition model, recognizing the type of an accident, and positioning the position of the accident, and according to the identified accident type, the accident occurrence position and the current tunnel parameters, utilizing a physical model and a diffusion model pre-trained for a corresponding target tunnel to predict an accident sweep range, and based on the predicted accident sweep range, planning a safe evacuation path. And mapping the safe evacuation path to a preset photoelectric sign network in the tunnel, and generating a control instruction for each sign in the photoelectric sign network. The tunnel safety management level can be significantly improved, rapid, accurate and efficient emergency evacuation can be realized when an accident occurs, the life and property safety of personnel can be effectively guaranteed, and the safety of the tunnel is improved. And meanwhile, the energy-saving effect and the system reliability are excellent.

This invention discloses a computer simulation-based emergency evacuation simulation method for hazardous chemical accidents. The simulation method includes the following steps: constructing a simulation model including a display map, displayed objects, and simulation rules; setting the simulation background based on accident information, and setting the initial states of personnel distribution, traffic conditions, and material reserves; updating the state and position of displayed objects on the display map in discrete rounds according to the simulation rules and the initial states, and dynamically simulating personnel evacuation and material supply; evaluating the simulation results, adjusting the simulation rules based on the evaluation results, repeating the simulation, and outputting an optimized emergency evacuation strategy. This invention maps disaster spread, personnel risk evolution, and resource scheduling into the same round time domain, realizing multi-process joint simulation and effectively supporting the evaluation and optimization of emergency evacuation strategies for hazardous chemical accidents.

This utility model relates to an adjustable shield tunnel section emergency evacuation indicator light bracket, including a connecting plate, a hinge clamp, and a crossbar. The hinge clamp includes a first arc-shaped piece and a second arc-shaped piece, which are rotatably connected. Both the first and second arc-shaped pieces are semi-circular. The lower ends of the first and second arc-shaped pieces each extend into a flat plate extension, and a second circular hole is passed through the flat plate extension. The upper end of the connecting plate is provided with a third circular hole, and the upper end of the connecting plate is fixed at the second circular hole. Both sides of the crossbar are provided with oval holes, and the crossbar is fixed to the connecting plate.

The application relates to an emergency evacuation device for a rail vehicle, in particular to a low-floor modern tram full-width electric emergency safety device, wherein the low-floor modern tram full-width electric emergency safety device comprises a full-open door leaf, a sealing door frame, a ramp recovery mechanism, a deployable ramp, a control console located on one side of the ramp recovery mechanism, and a movable ramp assembly arranged on one side of the control console close to the full-open door leaf, the movable ramp assembly comprising a first plate body with a bottom plate and a side plate, the first plate body being further provided with a rotating plate, the top of the rotating plate being provided with a second mounting groove, and a guide assembly being liftable arranged in the second mounting groove. The application has the advantages that the passengers who cannot walk and ride wheelchairs can be evacuated, the wheelchairs cannot deviate during movement, and the device is applicable to low-floor vehicles.

1. The name of the design product: logo lamp seal glue cover. 2. The use of the design product: fire emergency evacuation buried lamp assembly parts. 3. The design points of the design product: in shape. 4. The picture or photo that best indicates the design points: perspective drawing.

The invention relates to the technical field of emergency evacuation, and discloses a centralized control type emergency evacuation system and a control method thereof. A centralized decision control module; a distributed execution module; a bidirectional communication module; a standby power supply module; the centralized decision control module realizes unified coordination control of each module, solves the problems of independent operation and inconsistent response of each module of a traditional system, and improves the collaboration and response efficiency of emergency evacuation. A dynamic evacuation scheme is generated based on real-time environment parameters and personnel distribution data, an evacuation path can be adjusted in time according to emergency event development conditions, dangerous areas and congested road sections are avoided, and the accuracy and safety of evacuation guidance are improved; a multi-module cooperative working mode is adopted, emergency lighting, intelligent identification, voice guiding and other guiding modes are combined, the evacuation requirements of different persons are met, the effectiveness of evacuation guiding is improved, and the system is suitable for various complex building scenes.

The application discloses a kind of vehicle fire safety system, it is characterized in that, including: fire early warning module, extinguishing module, emergency evacuation module, fire drill training module.Fire early warning module is used to detect fire occurrence signal and alarm, simultaneously, the fire occurrence signal detected is passed to extinguishing module;Extinguishing module is used to trigger built-in fire extinguishing measure according to received fire occurrence signal and extinguish fire;Emergency evacuation module is used to deploy safety emergency identification and safety emergency tool, so as to assist in-car personnel to evacuate quickly;Fire drill training module is used to set corresponding fire drill course, so that staff carries out fire drill training.

An emergency evacuation device of a wave-compensated gangway comprises a first horizontal moving frame, a second horizontal moving frame and a fixed truss, one end of the first horizontal moving frame and one end of the second horizontal moving frame can slide up and down along the fixed ladder end support, the other end of the first horizontal moving frame is sleeved with a first sliding block, the first sliding block can slide along the axial direction of the first horizontal moving frame, the other end of the second horizontal moving frame is sleeved with a second sliding block, the second sliding block can slide along the axial direction of the second horizontal moving frame, the first sliding block and the second sliding block are fixed on the wave-compensated gangway, the two ends of the fixed truss are connected with the first horizontal moving frame and the second horizontal moving frame respectively, a movable truss is arranged between the fixed truss and the wave-compensated gangway, and the end of the movable truss is connected with the first horizontal moving frame through a hinge. The design can reliably connect the ladder and the wave-compensated gangway, and ensure that the operating personnel can evacuate from the wave-compensated gangway in the case of wave-compensated gangway failure.

This invention relates to the field of novel lighting device technology, specifically to a modular energy-saving lighting device, comprising a housing, a lighting component, and a power supply component. The lighting component includes multiple lamp heads, each lamp head comprising a fixed housing, an inner rotating spherical shell, a lamp body, and an adjusting spherical shell. The fixed housings of the multiple lamp heads are all mounted on the housing. The inner rotating spherical shell is movably disposed on the fixed housing, the lamp body is installed inside the inner rotating spherical shell, and the power supply component is disposed within the housing. The adjusting spherical shell is installed between the fixed housing and the inner rotating spherical shell. This modular energy-saving lighting device of the present invention, by setting up the lighting component, allows the adjusting spherical shell to shield the lamp body in normal static and non-emergency states, forming a closed protective enclosure. Before use, the rotation direction of the adjusting spherical shell can be changed as needed to change the working mode of the lighting component, adapting to two core scenarios: routine lighting and emergency evacuation, aligning with the development trend of energy-saving and highly adaptable new lighting.

The application discloses a multi-working-mode emergency mobile video command system and a working method thereof, which comprises a behavior state confirmation module, an information dynamic broadcast module and a publicizing module, wherein the behavior state confirmation module is electrically connected with the information dynamic broadcast module; the behavior state confirmation module is used for detecting the current evacuation behavior state type of people; the information dynamic broadcast module is used for adjusting the broadcast state according to the current evacuation behavior state of people so as to command the escapees in different states in a more urgent form; the publicizing module is used for reminding the emergency evacuation personnel in the escape channel to use voice to remind that the detection color block has been entered currently during evacuation, so as to avoid the sudden broadcast under the state that the evacuating people are unaware, and the fright caused by the sudden broadcast is avoided; the behavior state confirmation module comprises a video shooting module, and the application has the characteristics of high command efficiency.

The invention discloses a rule and case dual-driven dam overtopping and dam break emergency evacuation decision knowledge recommendation method and system. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a heterogeneous domain knowledge graph including flood prevention regulations, emergency plan rules and historical dam overtopping and dam break disaster cases; acquiring real-time water and rain condition time sequence data and a disaster-affected area risk grid image generated by calculation of a hydrodynamic model, and generating a digital instance of a current disaster scene in combination with static engineering parameters input by a user; inputting the digital instance into a rule reasoning track and a case reasoning track at the same time for reasoning to obtain a double-track reasoning result; performing fusion judgment on double-track reasoning results, and outputting a forced evacuation instruction or generating a suggestion scheme based on a constructed game income matrix; generating a comprehensive decision report containing personnel transfer suggestions, regulation basis and similar case reference based on the result of fusion judgment; according to the invention, the accuracy and effectiveness of case recommendation are improved, and the reliability of the system under extreme disasters is improved.