60 results about "Particle loss" patented technology

A single microchannel is combined with external electromagnets for performing a fast immunoassay within a very small volume. Magnetic / luminescent nanoparticles serve as carriers for the antibodies and as internal luminescent standard. The immunoreaction is accelerated by applying alternating magnetic field by means of the external electromagnets, thus inducing oscillation of the particles and achieving better diffusion during the incubation steps. Using the electromagnets the particles are held into the channel for washing and luminescence detection steps. The luminescence of the particles serves as an internal calibration for the assay and helps to avoid experimental error from particle loss.

The invention discloses a visual-model testing apparatus and testing method for seepage-stress-coupled internal piping penetration. The testing apparatus is composed of four parts, i.e., a variable-head control and liquid circulation system, a vertical loading and penetration system, a laser control system and an image acquisition system and can carry out experimental study on internal piping penetration of non-steady seepage under the conditions of different stresses, different contents of fines, different grading and the like and research on the characteristics of particle loss and deformation and fracture in the process of seepage. The invention also provides a visual testing method for seepage-stress-coupled simulated erosion-type internal piping. According to the method, head difference is applied to a piping soil sample in a stress field in the vertical loading and penetration system in virtue of the variable-head control and liquid circulation system, so a seepage-erosion-stress three-field coupled internal piping test is realized. The visual-model testing apparatus and testing method provided by the invention are simple in procedure, easy in fabrication, capable of realizing direct and in-depth observation, economic and good in operability, so the meso-scopic mechanism of seepage-stress-coupled internal piping is revealed preliminarily, and a testing foundation is provided for subsequent research.

A cellular electron cooled storage ring system and method for achieving particle-fusion based energy, including a vacuum chamber to allow electron beam and ion beam merging and separation, cathodes to generate the electron beams, collectors to collect the electron beams, and magnetic field generation devices to guide the electrons and ions on their desired trajectories as well as contain neutralizing particles. By overlapping the electron and ion beams, thermal energy is transferred from the ion beams to the electron beams, which allows the invention to overcome particle losses due to resonances, scattering and heating of the ion beams. Advantageously, ions are accelerated to an energy that is near optimum for fusion reactions to occur, and uses electron energies that maintain this advantageous situation. Advantageously, the recirculation of ions that do not fuse or scatter at too large of an angle is allowed, giving such ions additional chances to participate in a desired fusion reaction. Advantageously, the invention allows for a continual addition of new ions to be added to the circulating ions already in the system. This combination of advantages results in a significant improvement in the predicted output power to input power ratio over previous particle fusion technologies. The invention will also enable improved yields of fast neutrons for materials testing.

The invention discloses an aerodynamic size spectrometer, which comprises a sample flow injection device, a particle beam collimation and acceleration nozzle, a shell flow device, a light beam focusing and reshaping device, a photoelectric detector, a signal detecting and processing module, and a micro-control and display module. The aerodynamic size spectrometer adopts flight time to measure aerodynamic diameter, and preceding stage particle size cutting and sampling is not needed, so that the particle loss is avoided, the sensitivity is high, and the accuracy of detection is high.

The invention discloses a method for simultaneously measuring an absorption coefficient of an aerosol at multiple wavelengths through a single photoacoustic cell. The method comprises the steps that amplitude modulation is conducted on multiple laser devices with different wavelengths through square signals which are generated by a function generator at the frequency intervals of df, lasers with different wavelengths are emitted into the photoacoustic cell after being subjected to beam combination through a fiber optic combiner, the lasers emitted into the photoacoustic cell interact with the aerosol in the photoacoustic cell, and a photoacoustic signal P<m>(f0+ / -f) reflecting an absorption signal of aerosol particles is generated; the absorption coefficient of the aerosol at the multiple wavelengths is obtained through calculation according to a deduced absorption coefficient formula at different modulation frequencies. The method solves the problems of spatial and temporal heterogeneity of samples and particle losses caused by measurement conducted through multiple photoacoustic cells, the measuring process is simpler, and the system structure is more compact. By means of the method, the aerosol absorption Angstrom coefficient can be obtained, components of the aerosol can be recognized, and therefore a valuable decision making basis is provided for traceability and governance of haze.

A cellular electron cooled storage ring system and method for achieving particle-fusion based energy, including a vacuum chamber to allow electron beam and ion beam merging and separation, cathodes to generate the electron beams, collectors to collect the electron beams, and magnetic field generation devices to guide the electrons and ions on their desired trajectories as well as contain neutralizing particles. By overlapping the electron and ion beams, thermal energy is transferred from the ion beams to the electron beams, which allows the invention to overcome particle losses due to resonances, scattering and heating of the ion beams. Advantageously, ions are accelerated to an energy that is near optimum for fusion reactions to occur, and uses electron energies that maintain this advantageous situation. Advantageously, the recirculation of ions that do not fuse or scatter at too large of an angle is allowed, giving such ions additional chances to participate in a desired fusion reaction. Advantageously, the invention allows for a continual addition of new ions to be added to the circulating ions already in the system. This combination of advantages results in a significant improvement in the predicted output power to input power ratio over previous particle fusion technologies.

The invention discloses a device for testing the anti-scouring capability of a soil body. The device comprises a bearing frame, wherein the bearing frame is provided with an upper water tank and a lower water tank; an inner space of the upper water tank is divided by a vertical water inflow sieve tray and a water drainage sieve tray into a water flow inflow section, a water flow stabilizing section and a water flow draining section; a sample holder is installed at the upper part of the bearing frame; a force transferring platform with an electronic scale in the sample holder is connected witha sample box through a plurality of force transferring rods; the sample box extends into the water flow stabilizing section; the end face, vertical to the water flow, of the sample box is a metal meshsurface; and a velocimeter is arranged in the water flow stabilizing section. The device and method, provided by the invention, for testing the anti-scouring capability of the soil body solves the problem that no experimental facility is provided for testing the anti-scouring capability of the soil body, the device is simple in structure and convenient to use, the data of the electronic scale areautomatically acquired, the scouring force is calculated according to the water velocity, the time relation between the scouring force and the particle loss amount is established, and the anti-scouring capability of different soil samples is tested.

The invention discloses a device for testing wave erosion resistance of soil body or soft rock. The device comprises a water tank body arranged on a bearing frame, a water inlet and a water outlet areformed on the water tank body, and the scale is formed on a tank wall of the water tank body; a fixed frame with a horizontal plate body is arranged on the water tank body, a movable electronic balance is arranged on the horizontal plate body, a force transmission frame is arranged on the fixed plate through a force transmission plate placed on an upper surface of the electronic balance, the bottom of the force transmission frame is hinged with a sample box through multiple rods, and the sample box is out of touch the water tank body. Through the device and method for testing wave erosion resistance of soil body or soft rock disclosed by the invention, the problem that the device for testing the wave erosion resistance of the soil body or the soft rock is inexistent can be solved, a relation of the particle soil sample loss quality and loss rate and time is established by weighing the soil particle loss caused by wave washing, the wave erosion resistance of different soil body or softrock samples can be tested and determined according to evaluation standard.

This invention provides devices and apparatuses comprising the same, for windowless optical detection of particle-laden samples, for example aerosols or fluid suspensions. The devices make use of passive sheath flow as a mechanism for containing aerosol / fluid suspension flow. The operation of the device reduces particle loss inherent to conventional windowless optical detection schemes. Methods of optical detection and / or analysis of or the particles in a sample using devices of this invention are described.

The invention discloses a charge device, belonging to the technical field of particle change. The device comprise an upper cover, a discharging needle, an inner sleeve, a polar plate, a first electrode fixing sheet, a second electrode fixing sheet, a first O-shaped sealing ring, a second O-shaped sealing ring, an insulating shell, a lower cover and a lead. In the charge device, particles are charged by performing corona discharge, and lateral air inflow of the polar plate is adopted, so that the sedimentation of particles on the wall surface of the polar plate is reduced, the charging efficiency of the particles is increased, and particle loss is reduced.

The invention relates to a magnetic separation device, which comprises a magnetic body, a nonmagnetic sheath and a first container, wherein the magnetic body is provided with a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole, the nonmagnetic sheath is movably sheathed on the first magnetic pole, the first container is used for containing mixture suspension liquid of magnetic particles and nonmagnetic particles, and when the first magnetic pole sheathed with the nonmagnetic sheath is placed into the mixture suspension liquid for absorbing the magnetic particles, the second magnetic pole is positioned above the liquid level of the mixture suspension liquid. The magnetic separation device provided by the invention can be used for simply and fast realize the magnetic separation on the magnetic particles, and the magnetic particle loss caused by accidental magnetic particle bringing out by the magnetic body is effectively prevented. When a magnetic iron content measuring method of the magnetic separation device provided by the invention is adopted, the analysis error caused by magnetic particle bringing by the magnetic body can be avoided, and higher precision and higher accuracy are realized.

The present invention relates to a cyclotron including two internal ion sources for the production of the same particles. The second ion source can be used as a spare ion source which strongly increases the uptime and the reliability of the cyclotron and reduces the maintenance interventions. Advantageously, the cyclotron is further characterized by an optimized close geometry of the different elements within the central region of the cyclotron. The cyclotron of the invention may be further characterized by an adaptation and optimization of the shape of first and second internal ion source to avoid particle losses during the first turn of acceleration. The cyclotron may be further characterized by an adaptation and optimization of the shape of the counter-Dee electrode assembly and possibly the Dee-electrode assembly in order to improve the acceleration field in-between the gaps.

A filter used to reduce the emission of silica particles used in hydraulic fracturing. The silica reduction cover is a custom fit filter installed onto vent hatches of proppant storage trailers. Proppant storage trailers, or “frac sanders,” have a series of vent hatches that release air and fine particles into the atmosphere during material transfer operations. The silica reduction cover is comprised of filter material and permits the controlled release of high pressure air at each vent hatch while reducing sand particle loss. The silica reduction cover maintains proppant sand product in the trailer for production use while significantly reducing the emission of airborne sand particles in the immediate work and adjoining site areas. The silica reduction cover incorporates a viewing window so that workers may monitor proppant levels in the storage trailer while the silica reduction cover is installed.

A filter used to reduce the emission of silica particles used in hydraulic fracturing. The silica reduction cover is a custom fit filter installed onto vent hatches of proppant storage trailers. Proppant storage trailers, or “frac sanders,” have a series of vent hatches that release air and fine particles into the atmosphere during material transfer operations. The silica reduction cover is comprised of filter material and permits the controlled release of high pressure air at each vent hatch while reducing sand particle loss. The silica reduction cover maintains proppant sand product in the trailer for production use while significantly reducing the emission of airborne sand particles in the immediate work and adjoining site areas. The silica reduction cover incorporates a viewing window so that workers may monitor proppant levels in the storage trailer while the silica reduction cover is installed.

A method for reducing the loss of particles from the surface of porous getter bodies is taught herein. The method consists in producing on the surface of the porous getter a thin layer of a metal or metal alloy with a deposition technique selected among the deposition of materials from arc generated plasma, ionic beam deposition and cathodic deposition. The deposition technique allows for granular or columnar surface of the covering material but still allowing access to the surface of the getter material, resulting in a reduced getter particle loss.

A testing system for measuring loss of soil particles with different particle sizes in a water inrush process includes: a vibration screening apparatus; a water collecting apparatus for collecting the mass of water and transmitting the water to a collecting and calculating apparatus; a conveying apparatus for conveying screened soil particles to a weighing apparatus; a weighing apparatus used for weighing the screened soil particles and transmitting the measured weight of the screened soil particles to the collecting and calculating apparatus; and a collecting and calculating apparatus used for controlling the operation of the testing system, inputting parameters and calculating data. The condition of particle loss in a simulated tunnel water inrush process can be automatically measured in real time, providing a basis for researching the influence caused by the particle sizes of fillings in the water inrush process of the tunnel to water inrush.

The invention relates to a gobi airing method of corn seed production fresh ears. According to the gobi airing method, the corn seed production fresh ears are aired on a gobi desert, ear bracts, stamens and ears are picked away timely, and the corn seed production fresh ears are tedded every 2-3 days; the gobi desert is paved with an airing net. Airing places are vertically ventilative, mildew particles and yard particle loss do not exist, water removing is fast, seed quality is high, commodity value is good, centralized airing can be carried out, and therefore working procedures and time of seed production farmers are reduced, and economic benefits of the seed production farmers are improved.

The invention provides a particle drying machine. The particle drying machine comprises a box and a support, wherein the box is supported on the support. The particle drying machine further comprises a stirring shaft, a feed passage and a discharge passage. The stirring shaft penetrates through the interior of the box and is fixedly connected with a motor. The motor is fixed to the support. A valve for controlling the airflow rate is arranged on the portion, above the box, of the stirring shaft. The valve is fixedly connected with a hot air supply system. A plurality of stirring paddles arranged at intervals and an air hole set are arranged on the portion, inside the box, of the stirring shaft. Each stirring paddle is in a cone shape. The radii of the bottoms of the stirring paddles increase sequentially from top to bottom. The feed passage is fixed to the top of the box. The discharge passage is arranged at the junction between the bottom of the box and the side face of the box. The top of the box is provided with an air outlet. The particle drying machine has the advantages of being capable of fully drying light and hard particles, short in drying time, high in drying efficiency, little in particle loss and convenient to popularize and use.

The invention relates to a part of an electrostatic accelerator, aims to solve the problem of accelerated particle loss caused by an electronic load suppression measure of an accelerating tube of the conventional electrostatic accelerator, simplify the accelerating structure and reduce the cost of the accelerating structure, and provides an accelerating electrode for an electrostatic accelerator. The accelerating electrode for the electrostatic accelerator consists of a series of electrode plates, wherein the series of electrode plates comprise conical surface electrode plates with conical surface structures; electrode holes are formed in cone angles of the conical surface structures; the conical surface structures are circular conical surfaces, elliptical conical surfaces or pyramidal surfaces. According to the accelerating electrode for the electrostatic accelerator, focusing force can be provided for forwards-accelerated beam current, and defocusing force can be provided for backwards-accelerated beam current, so that electronic loads and full-voltage effects are suppressed, and meanwhile, accelerated particle loss is avoided; in addition, the accelerating electrode is simpler in accelerating structure, the production or modification cost of the accelerating structure is reduced, and adverse impact on the electrostatic accelerator is avoided.

The invention discloses a coil magnetic system capable of generating a gradient weak magnetic field. The coil magnetic system comprises a hollow pipeline and a plurality of coil assemblies wound on the hollow pipeline. The multiple coil assemblies are sequentially arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the hollow pipeline. Each coil assembly is provided with a plurality of layers of coils wound on the hollow pipeline in the radial direction, and the number of turns and the number of layers increase gradually assembly by assembly from one end to the other end of the hollow pipeline. After exciting currents are applied to the coil magnetic system, an inverted top-shaped background magnetic field is generated in a hollow cavity of the hollow pipeline and around the coil assemblies, the gradient change of the magnetic field generated in the axial direction of the hollow cavity of the hollow pipeline is small, and the magnetic field intensity is distributed uniformly; in addition, the gradient of the magnetic field in the radial direction increases firstly, then decreases to zero, finally increases sharply to the maximum value in the opposite direction and then decreases sharply, the gradient changes repeatedly in this way, and a state with one climax following another is formed. By means of the magnetic field with the characteristics, the recycling rate of fine particle magnetic minerals can be increased, and the magnetic particle loss caused by magnetic inclusion between magnetic particles and gangue particles is reduced.

The invention discloses a radioactive aerosol sampling and measuring device which comprises an air rectification cone provided with a radioactive detector, a shell shielding body arranged around the air rectification cone and a filter paper feeding mechanism, wherein a gas flow channel gap is formed between the air rectification cone and the shell shielding body; and radioactive aerosol particles are collected on the filter paper after passing through the gap of the flow channel, and generated photons enter the radioactive detector to collect signals. Compared with the prior art, the radioactive aerosol sampling and measuring device is provided with the shell shielding body, the problems of particle loss and deposition in the radioactive aerosol sampling process are solved, and data of a radioactive detector system are guaranteed.

The invention relates to the field of alcohol fermentation, in particular to a circulation degassing fluidized bed bioreactor which can improve fermentation efficiency and shorten fermentation period.The bioreactor comprises a reactor body, a gas circulation system and a liquid circulation system, three baffle plates with a certain height and angle and three anti-aeration plates with a certain height and angle are arranged inside the reactor body along the height direction, and immobilized particles move upwards under thrust of gas and liquid and under the buoyancy action of bubbles generatedby the immobilized particles and collide with the baffle plates to realize gas-solid separation. Liquid-solid separation is realized within a circulation area formed among the baffle plates and the anti-aeration plates. By changing hydraulic paths of gas, liquid and solid, particle loss is effectively decreased, the volume load of the bioreactor is improved, and the fermentation period is shortened. The bioreactor is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost and has a wide popularization and application prospect in industries such as alcohol fermentation.

The invention discloses a circulating fluidized bed with a semi-conical descending section. The bottom of the descending section is semi-conical, is relatively narrow in bottom and relatively wide in top and is distributed in a nonaxisymmetry mode; the cone angle of one side of the cone is greater than 0 degree and less than the complement angle of a particle flow repose angle, thereby ensuring smooth flow of particles; during a process of establishing particle circulation in a non pre-padding manner by the circulating fluidized bed, when the descending section is in a blow-by state, the particles of the descending section form internal circulation of particles in a semi cone, and the sluggish flow strength is weakened, so that pressure fluctuation and particle loss caused by sluggish flow of the descending section are further reduced; in addition, by virtue of internal circulation of particles in the semi cone, the particles are concentrated at the bottom of the descending section, so that material seal is formed more rapidly, a moving bed is formed more rapidly, and further the particle circulation establishment time is shortened.

The invention discloses a resistivity testing device capable of regulating the temperature, atmosphere and density of a powder material. Firstly, the equipment is small in volume and convenient, temperature regulation is performed through a constant-temperature zone of a tubular furnace, different electrodes are changed for connection at different temperatures and in different atmospheres, and direct contact resistance between the powder and a wire as well as the redox of an electrode at different temperatures and in different atmospheres is reduced, so that the accuracy of the test data is high; secondly, by adopting a straight-blowing gas supply way at the sealed bottom, direct contact between the gas and the powder as well as uniform gas distribution can be guaranteed, and uniform gas distribution is guaranteed and the problem of powder particle loss is solved through different numbers of gas guide plates; and finally, by adopting a screw type central pressurizing way and increasing the length of a pressurizing screw, uniform pressure distribution between the powder and the electrode can be guaranteed, the fixing stability is high, and the pressure is kept unchanged in the case of material expansion at a high temperature; and moreover, with the same powder mass, the resistivity of the powder of the same material and at different compaction densities is measured according to the rotation number of turns of the screw.

The invention relates to a pressure type salty soil desalter, comprising a water supply bucket communicated with a pressure pump by virtue of an air inlet pipe and a sample bucket provided with a detachable top cover, the bottom of the sample bucket is communicated with the water supply bucket by virtue of a water inlet pipe, a lower filter layer, salty soil and an upper filter layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top in the sample bucket, and a water outlet pipe communicated with the interior of the sample bucket is arranged on a top cover of the sample bucket. The pressure type salty soil desalter provided by the invention not only can realize desalting treatment on all kinds of salty soil but also can study influence of water pressure on a soil mass desalting process by regulating output pressure of the pressure pump; rules that salt content of soil mass changes over time can be summarized according to measured conductivity values; filtering effect of porous stones, a filter screen or filter paper is skillfully utilized, soil particle loss is reduced, influence of a test on size distribution of soil particles is reduced, and accuracy of the test is improved; and the pressure pump is utilized for pressurization, thus not only a test period can be greatly shortened, but also the aim of saving water can be achieved.

The invention discloses a method for operating a sewage treatment fluidized bed. The method has an aeration period and a circulating water period, and enables bio-membrane-loaded bed particles on the fluidized bed to be in a fluidized state by periodically and alternately introducing circulating water and gas to the bottom of the fluidized bed, wherein, in the aeration period, introduction of circulating water to the bottom of the fluidized bed is stopped, only air is introduced to the bottom of the fluidized bed, and the air and water flow driven by the air enable the bed particles to keep a fluidized state; in the circulating water period, introduction of air to the bottom of the fluidized bed is stopped, only circulating water is introduced to the bottom of the fluidized bed, all bed particles are kept in the fluidized state by virtue of the circulating water; and the duration ratio of the aeration period to the circulating water period is between 70:30 and 95:5. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that bed particle loss can be reduced, aeration energy consumption of a sewage treatment system can be reduced, and the operation cost of the sewage treatment system can be reduced. The method is especially applicable to the field of small-sized fluidized bed sewage treatment.

The invention discloses a mass spectrometer with high-resolution flight time. The mass spectrometer comprises a vacuum cavity, an acceleration electrode, a first-stage focusing prism, an X-Y deflection device, an ion flight tube, a second-stage focusing prism, a mass selection device, a momentum speed reducer and a detector, according to the device, charged particles are radially focused through the focusing prism, so that particle loss caused by diffusion is reduced; high-precision mass selection is carried out on the charged particles through a mass selection device, and impurity particles are screened out to achieve high-precision mass spectrum imaging; ions or charged clusters are decelerated in the axial direction through a momentum decelerator, and the Doppler broadening effect caused by momentum is reduced. Through focusing, screening and decelerating, the detection resolution and efficiency of the mass spectrometer can be greatly improved.