106 results about "Main river" patented technology

The invention discloses a prevention and control method for debris flow induced by ice-lake break and an application of the method. The method comprises the steps of determining a flood peak flow threshold of break flood debris flow in combination with topographic and geomorphic characteristic parameters of a drainage basin, rainfall characteristic parameters, inner-source characteristic parameters of the drainage basin, transport capacity of a main river and the like; then judging the stability of a morainic dam body in each calculation area and performing classification of dangerousness based on basic parameters obtained by field investigation, sampling and indoor testing of the morainic dam body; and based on this, determining body shape parameters and a distribution mode of pile structure bodies in the morainic dam body. According to the method and the application, for the situation that sudden ice-lake break caused by buried ice melting in the morainic dam, ice landslides and entry of ice into a lake due to icefall easily forms a giant debris flow disaster, the dam body undercutting speed can be effectively controlled, the break flood discharge time can be prolonged, the peak flow of break flood can be reduced, and the scale of forming the debris flow by the break flood can be reduced, regulated and controlled, so that the risk of causing harm to a downstream zone of the ice lake by the break flood is lowered.

The invention relates to a winding form construction method for small-and-medium-sized linear riverways and aims to effectively solve the problem of winding form construction of the linear riverways. The method includes: throwing gravels to form gravel piles on one side of a main river channel from the bottom layer to the upper layer, wherein the distance between nearshore points and far off-shore points of the gravel piles is 1 / 5 of the width of the main river channel; arranging gabions on water sides and lateral sides of the gravel piles to fix the gravel piles; expanding a riverway opposite to the gravel piles to a width 1 / 5 of that of the main river channel; downwardly excavating one side, with the riverway modified, of a riverbed to form a deep pool, and piling up excavated earthworks to air faces of the gravel piles to form a shoal; positioning the two gravel piles on two sides of the riverway respectively to form a gravel pile group, enabling the air faces of the gravel piles to form a shoal structure, enabling the modified opposite bank to form a deep pool structure, and planting submerged plants in the deep pool; arranging three to five groups of gravel piles in the linear riverway to form an ecological gravel group to increase local winding degree of the riverway, so that winding form construction of the riverway is realized. The winding form construction method for the small-and-medium-sized linear riverways has the advantages that unification of purification and landscape functions is realized, and enormous economic and social benefits are achieved.

The invention discloses a construction process of a double-wall steel cofferdam for construction of a pier bearing platform in main river water of the Yellow River. The construction process comprises the following steps of: 1, determining the structure and the size of a cylindrical double-wall steel sleeve box used in the construction of the bearing platform in the water; 2, measuring and paying off; 3, performing cofferdam construction: gradually lowering the cylindrical double-wall steel sleeve box to a preset position by adopting hoisting equipment, and fixing the bottom of the cylindrical double-wall steel sleeve box lowered in place by adopting a supporting fixer; 4, sealing the bottom; 5, constructing drilled piles at the bottom of the bearing platform; 6, gradually pumping water, performing underwater digging, and gradually cutting a steel protecting canister; 7, constructing the bearing platform; and 8, constructing pier columns on the upper part of the bearing platform. The process is reasonable in construction step design, convenient in construction, low in construction cost and short in construction period; and integrated construction of the bearing platform and the drilled piles is realized, meanwhile, the sinking operation of the double-wall steel sleeve box can be simply, conveniently and efficiently finished with high quality, and multiple defects in the construction of the conventional double-wall steel sleeve box cofferdam are overcome.

The invention discloses a shore type ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow water filtering riverbed in-situ ecological remediation method. A riverbed space is utilized sufficiently, and the section of the riverbed is designed into functional regions including a central main river tank, a ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow base bed, a shore water distribution ditch and the like in sequence from inside to outside, and a certain water level gradient is kept. A river vertical hydraulic gradient and an upstream residual position water head are utilized to arrange facilities including a water distribution short dam and the like at an inlet end of a remediation unit; water from a riverbed upstream is distributed to the shore water distribution ditch and the central main river tank according to the ratio. Water distribution weirs are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the water distribution ditch and are used for distributing the river water to the ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow base bed; the river water flows through the ladder-grade base bed in a manner similar with a transverse flow regime vertical to a central line; the base bed is internally filled with substances and aquatic plants are planted to establish a complete ecological system; meanwhile, water quality is strengthened and purified and a river ecological system is remediated; the water discharged from the base bed is collected to the central main river tank so that the in-situ ecological remediation of a shore type ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow water filtering riverbed of one unit is finished.

A construction method for a river beach pool ecological purification system relates to a river ecological repairing technology. The technical scheme is that a crooked river channel is adopted as a construction area, one section in the construction area is a river section with the river bend central angle as 90-160 degrees and is provided with more than two bent portions, and the linear length of the construction area is 5-7 times as large as the average width of a main river channel at the river section. The method is characterized in that bend tops of the turning positions at the upper end and the lower end of the river channel in the construction area are dug for 50cm-2m downwards to build a deep pool, earthwork obtained through digging of the deep pool is used for constructing a shallow beach at the center of the river channel of a straight section between the two bent portions of the river channel in the construction area and on the side close to a convex bank at the turning positions of the river channel in the construction area, the shallow beach is 10cm-50cm higher than the original river bottom to form a river island or a river bank beach, large rocks with the specification of 30-80cm are piled on the upstream face of the constructed shallow beach, and a fish channel with the recessed depth as 20-50cm is constructed at the center of the river channel at the downstream of the constructed river island. The method is used for pollution regulation and ecological repairing of rivers.

The invention provides a flocculation kinetics-based cohesive sediment movement numerical simulation method. The method comprises the steps of (1) according to a river bed topography, generating un-structured triangular grids, comprising a main river channel and a beach part; (2) according to a water flow control equation, calculating hydraulic elements of the grids, and giving out upstream and downstream boundary conditions and river channel roughness in the calculation process; (3) calculating out change situations of particle size distribution and sediment settling velocity of cohesive sediment after flocculation; (4) obtaining sediment concentration and river bed erosion and deposition change situations of the corresponding grids; and (5) repeating the steps (2) to (4) until calculation of the whole time period is finished, simulating the whole movement process of the cohesive sediment, and giving out river channel sediment field distribution and river bed erosion and deposition change. The method simulatively calculates particle size distribution change of the cohesive sediment and sediment distribution fields under different hydrodynamic conditions, solves the problem of ignoring or simplification of flocculation influence in cohesive sediment transport simulation, and provides an important technical means for accurate simulation of cohesive sediment movement.

The invention discloses a river dry cutoff monitoring method and device based on multi-source remote sensing images, and belongs to the field of river monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the multi-source satellite remote sensing images of a monitoring region, and the multi-source satellite remote sensing images comprise meter-level remote sensing images and sub-meter-level remote sensing images; preprocessing the multi-source satellite remote sensing image; calculating a normalized water body index by utilizing the meter-scale remote sensing image, and extracting trunk river water body information; based on the regional river channel buffer vector data, reversely cutting a main river water body to obtain a first-level suspected dry river channel; analyzing the first-level suspected dry riverway based on the sub-meter-level remote sensing image by using an object-oriented method to obtain fine river water body information; reversely cutting the first-stage suspected dry riverway by using the fine river water body information to obtain a second-stage suspected dry riverway. According to the invention, comprehensive, objective, efficient and dynamic supervision can be carried out on the dry cutoff condition of the river, and technical support is provided for river and lake water environment evaluation, management, guarantee and restoration.

The invention relates to a river, lake and ditch water channel and embankment and bank ecological comprehensive utilization high-yield high-efficiency technology. By the conventional river, lake and ditch ecological reconstruction, river, embankment and bank three-dimensional breeding and planting and high-yield and high-efficiency integration, the usable area of China land is increased and the utilization efficiency of the China land and even world land is improved; on the basis that the yield per unit of rice is improved by a top scientist Yuan Longping, the planted area of the rice and lotus root is expanded, the problem that social supply and demand conflicts occur because arable land in China is continuously reduced in a mode of being difficult to inhibit under the conditions of company expansion, mining and increased houses and highways is solved, and a policy that the arable land cannot be less than 1.8 billion mu proposed by Chinese premier Wen Jiabao is strictly upheld; and a lotus pond is built in a main river channel and an auxiliary river channel respectively to plant lotus and breed fishes jointly and realize shunting, flood discharge and water storage, sunlight, air, spatial dimension, time, land and water resources are fully utilized, a tourism ecological chain natural beautiful scenery that a river exists in a river, a pond exists in the river, the lotus root is grown in the river, the fishes swim among the lotus root, the lotus is tender and the sun is rising, and mandarin ducks are tumbling merrily about in water is formed, and social benefit and economical benefit are obviously increased.

The invention discloses a debris-flow prevention method by controlling debris-flow magnitude and avoiding to block main river. This method first adopts the drainage works for delivering debris flow in corporation with the transport of the main river; if the drained sediment cannot be transported by the main river, the blocking works are adopted; and if the sediment still exceeds the delivering capacity, the deposit stopping works are adopted. Compared with the prior art, this invention makes full use of the main river's transport capacity, gives priority to dredging and also reasonably distributes the sediment and deploys the engineering system, so as to realize the safe discharge of debris flow, and avoid the secondary disaster of “barrier lake” caused by the blocking of main river due to excessive discharge of debris flow and fully guarantee the safety of mountain towns, major projects and infrastructure located at the mouth of debris flow gully.

The invention discloses a viscous debris flow river-blocking calculation method and an application thereof, belonging to the technical field of debris flow prevention and treatment engineering. The viscous debris flow river-blocking calculation method comprises the following steps of: obtaining a confluence angle of a branch channel and a main river as shown in the specification by measurement; measuring the average width B1 of the main river and the flow Qm of the main river at the confluence position of the main river and the branch channel, and determining the flow per unit width Q1 of the main river; measuring the average width B2 of the branch channel and the flow of the debris flow as shown in the specification at the confluence position of the main river and the branch channel, determining the flow per unit width of the branch channel as shown in the specification, determining the ratio of the flow per unit width of the branch channel and the main river as shown in the specification, measuring water depth h of the main river at the confluence position of the main river and the branch channel, determining a volume factor yt, measuring the yield stress of the debris flow as shown in the specification, and the density of the debris flow as shown in the specification, and determining a yield stress factor x of the debris flow; and judging whether river blocking can be caused by the viscous debris flow or not according to a judgment factor y. A debris flow river-blocking calculation model established in the invention has the characteristics of being harmonious in dimension and high in calculation result accuracy, and is capable of accurately judging viscous debris flow river-blocking; and thus, the debris flow prevention and treatment effect is improved.

The invention is a piling, reinforcing and dredging method with steel plates, which is to provide a method of dredging river channels with high river water flow, high flow speed and heavy sediment entrained in the river water. Rows of erected steel plates spread over are inserted into both sides of a main river channel; the river water in the main river channel restricted by the steel plates scours and digs the sediment at the bottom of the main river channel, and lead the sediment to the downstream, to lower the bottom layer of the main river channel; when the bottom layer of the main river channel is lowered to below the steel plates, the rows of paved steel plates are continued to be inserted down, so that the river water continues to scour and dig the sediment at the bottom of the main river channel. The procedures are operated repeatedly to gradually lower the bottom layer of the main river channel and expand the capacity of the main river channel. The method can effectively control the river channels with heave sediment in the river water to prevent floods of the river channels, which can ensure the economic development of river shore areas and make sure residents in those areas can live and work in peace and contentment, and has wide promotion and application value.

The invention relates to a riverway bypass water purification wetland system. The system comprises a drainage water purification section, a circuitous water purification section and a drainage water purification section which are sequentially communicated, wherein a water outlet of the drainage water purification section is communicated with the main river channel; the drainage water purificationsection comprises a drainage channel communicating a water inlet and the main river channel, gravels laid in the drainage channel, and gravel tumbling weirs and a plurality of first spur dikes which are sequentially distributed in the water flow direction; the first spur dikes are sequentially arranged on the two sides of the drainage channel in a staggered mode to form a snake-mouth-shaped firstpurified water channel, and the heads of the first spur dikes are obliquely arranged in the water flow direction. Sewage of the riverway sequentially flows into the circuitous water purification section and the drainage water purification section to be purified through water flow purified by the drainage water purification section and then flows into the main riverway again, multi-stage circuitousoperation is completed, and the riverway water quality purification effect is improved; and the plurality of first spur dikes form a snake-mouth-shaped first water purification channel with small circuitous water flow, so that the flow velocity can be reduced, the reflux is reduced, the contact time of water and a substrate is prolonged, the water dissolved oxygen is increased, and the river water purification effect is further improved.

The invention discloses an in-situ communicating method of a beheaded river. A topology diversion wall is arranged in the center position of the beheaded river with a width of B; one end of the diversion wall is started from the position B / 2 away from the end of the beheaded river, and the other end is connected with a main river channel bank wall; and the diversion wall is higher than a highest level line of a river channel. The in-situ communicating method arranges the topology diversion wall, and changes the main river channel and the beheaded river from a traditional 4-point 3-line topology structure to a 2-point 1-line topology structure, so that water currents flow on the topology structure of one through line, and the communicating running water of a main river and the beheaded river is realized. The in-situ communicating method of the beheaded river is simple and feasible, is excellent in communicating effect, saves the engineering investment, is short in construction period, is low in operation and maintenance costs, and has the popularization and application prospect.

The invention discloses an overground cascade reservoir and a method for constructing the same, wherein, the overground cascade reservoir comprises a barrage, gravity flow conduits, a water inlet control valve well, a water outlet control valve well, a branch gully conservation reservoir, a conservation dam, offlets and a supply-water pump station. The construction method comprises the following steps that: (1) at first, the barrage is constructed in a main river; (2) the branch gully conservation reservoir is constructed; (3) the barrage and the conservation dam is communicated by the gravity flow conduits; (4) the supply-water pump station is constructed at the lower reaches of the main river or around the main river; (5) the offlets and the conduits of the main riverway are communicated. The invention has the advantages that: the reservoirs are positioned at the branch gullies of the two sides of the mountain area river and are easily controlled; when abundant, the water is conserved, and when the water dried up, the conserved water can be used, thereby the reservoirs are in particular adapted to the areas where riverwaies do not have a plurality sand-pebbles. Surface runoffs of the various seasons are conserved by the barrage (overflow dam) and can be inputted into the conservation dam by the conduits, the surface water is utilized maximumly, and the project life cycle can protect the soil erosion.

The invention discloses a debris flow sediment transport control method suitable for a broad valley type debris flow gully. The transverse width of the broad valley type debris flow gully is 50-400 m, and the longitudinal gradient of a gully bed is smaller than or equal to 15 degrees; a sediment transport groove in the gully bed is backfilled by utilizing existing loose solid materials on the gully bed in the flowing area and accumulation area of debris flow in the gully, and the ground line curvature of the backfilled groove is smaller than three percents; multiple sand blocking cob walls distributed at a certain interval are transversely built by utilizing the existing loose solid materials on the gully along the gully contour line in the flowing area and accumulation area of the debris flow in the gully; deep-rootedness arbores or bamboos are planted at the edges of the cob walls along the trend of the cob walls in the shape of a strip. According to the method, not only is sediment effectively prevented from entering a main river, but also a large amount of the blocked sediment can be locally converted into precious land resources, and the comprehensive corporate governance goals of achieving low governance cost and high economic benefit, changing harm to benefit and improving the ecology landscape of the gully are achieved.

The invention discloses a phytoremediation method for a river channel buffer zone. According to the phytoremediation method for the river channel buffer zone, on a river channel, dredged earthwork is piled into the buffer zone and a main river channel from outside to inside, the water level of the buffer zone is controlled to be 0.5-2.5 m, and the water level of the main river channel reaches 3-4.5 m; rock filling type and insertion hole concrete block type bottom shape transformation is conducted on the buffer zone; a remediation agent is added to a water body in the river channel; an embankment is established at the upslope of the transformed buffer zone, and aquatic plants are planted, and floating plants are planted at the downhill position of the buffer zone; and submerged plants are planted at the main river channel, and omnivorous fishes and shrimps are bred at the main river channel. By the adoption of the phytoremediation method for the river channel buffer zone, the water quality and the aquatic environment of the river channel buffer zone are effectively improved, and the river channel is purified and beautified; the biodiversity of the water area is increased, water regulation and storage and flood discharge of the river channel are smoother, and the functions of underground water supplementation, carbon fixation and oxygen release and the like of a river system are further improved; and the urban landscape function of the river band can be fully embodied.

The invention provides a flood disaster warning water area remote sensing survey method, belonging to the field of disaster monitoring. The flood disaster remote sensing monitoring has no uniform objective standard, thus the disaster remote sensing monitoring results can not reflect actual situation of the disaster; and the invention puts forward a concept of the flood disaster warming water area, formulates the remote sensing survey technology and regulations, establishes the flood disaster warning water area remote sensing database of the main river basin in China and provides quantitative standards and basis for judging and estimating the flood disaster. The invention is a background element of the estimation on the flooding disaster loss, has certain warning and indicating effects and can greatly improve the flood disaster remote sensing control emergency response speed. The flood disaster warning water area remote sensing survey method comprises five units of warning water area awareness and interpretation mark sample establishment, warning water area remote sensing survey standardized processing, warning water area information extraction, warning water area assignment and splicing, and warning water area integration and management. The survey method can provide scientific basis for the decisions of flood protection and disaster relief, thus having great social and economic benefits.

The invention discloses a permeable impact-resistant distribution dam suitable for the confluence of a natural main river channel and a natural branch river channel. The permeable impact-resistant distribution dam comprises a dam body which is arranged between two opposite banks at the confluence of the main and branch river channels along trend lines of the branch river channel. The dam body is composed of a middle dam body section, a left dam body section and a right dam body section, the middle dam body section is arranged longitudinally, the cross section of the middle dam body section is of a trapezoidal structure, and the left dam body section and the right dam body section are connected on the left side and the right side of the middle dam body longitudinally. The middle dam body section is of a rock-fill dam structure composed of stone, and each of the left dam body section and the right dam body section is of a gabion dam body structure composed of a gabion. A control, guide and distribution structure is adopted, the permeable impact-resistant distribution dam is arranged between shore-bank slopes at the confluence of the natural main and branch river channels, river streaming potential is improved, silting at the river channel confluence is reduced, and river regime is in a favorable form; the permeable impact-resistant distribution dam is good in structural integrity, high in impact resistance, low in requirements on topographic and geological conditions; a permeable structure is adopted, water pressure on two sides is balanced, and structural stability performance is good.

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling ice lake bursting type flood debris flow. Fast peak adjustment is achieved through water-stone separation and water flow dispersion, thescale of the bursting type flood debris flow is controlled, and a method for dissipating energy step by step and controlling provenance starting is utilized for reducing cascade amplification of thescale of the bursting type flood debris flow; a control type silt arrester can be built on the downstream area for flow distributing regulation and control, the bursting type flood debris flow is layered and fast drained and guided into a main river, a prevention and control project can be built in advance on the area with ice lake bursting catastrophic flood debris flow risk to construct a prevention and control system, the flow of the flood debris flow is separated, and the energy is consumed; energy dissipating submerged sills, the silt arrester and other projects are adopted for reducing the energy of the bursting type flood debris flow step by step, rock blocks with huge impact energy on the downstream area are blocked, and debris flow formed by channel shore provenance starting is controlled; and meanwhile formed diluted debris flow or high-volume-weight low-viscidity debris flow can be subjected to water-stone separation, and the diluted debris flow is converted into flood.

The invention discloses a cascade treatment and purification system and method for a black and odorous river. The cascade treatment and purification system comprises a subsurface flow wetland purification river reach, a surface flow wetland purification river reach, a near-natural beach land purification river reach and a near-natural pollution reduction river reach which are sequentially arranged on a main river channel from a sewage estuary to a downstream river, an in-situ purification island and a subsurface wetland are arranged on the subsurface flow wetland purification river reach, and an internal electrolysis matrix is arranged in the in-situ purification island; a side groove connected with the main river channel is formed in the surface flow wetland purification river reach, and a surface flow constructed wetland is arranged in the side groove; a side seepage ditch with the head end and the tail end connected with the main river channel is arranged on the near-natural beach land purification river reach, and side seepage walls are arranged on the two sides of the side seepage ditch respectively; and a river center island is arranged on the near-natural pollution reduction river reach, and indigenous stain-resistant plants are planted on the river center island and the main river channel. The system and method are suitable for treatment and purification of heavy-pollution black and odorous rivers lack of natural runoff, and main incoming water of the heavy-pollution black and odorous rivers is treated town sewage and industrial wastewater.

The invention discloses a lake-entering river channel water purifying and water resource recycling system. The lake-entering river channel water purifying and water resource recycling system comprisesa converging zone, an ecological regulating and storing zone and a lakeside zone which are sequentially communicated with one another, wherein the converging zone is used for converging producing anddomestic wastewater, subsiding water in a farmland operation area and a surface source runoff in a farmland and introducing the converged wastewater into the ecological regulating and storing zone; the ecological regulating and storing zone is arranged between the converging zone and the lakeside zone, and according to positions of main river channels and ditches in the zone, a plurality of waterdividing ports are formed in the length direction of the ecological regulating and storing zone at intervals; the ecological regulating and storing zone comprises an intercepting subsystem, a purifying subsystem and a regulating and storing and recycling subsystem; the intercepting subsystem is used for intercepting silt and impurities in the introduced wastewater; the purifying subsystem comprises a submerged wetland; the submerged wetland is communicated with the intercepting subsystem, and is used for deeply purifying pollutants in the wastewater; the regulating and storing and recycling subsystem introduces the purely purified water resource in the purifying subsystem into the lakeside zone for supplementing water and recycles the water resource in a water using area respectively.

The invention discloses a self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system. The self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system structurally comprises a reservoir1, an irrigating main river 2, an irrigating side steam 3, an irrigating lateral canal 4, an irrigating farm ditch 5, a water-draining farm ditch 6, a water-draining lateral canal 7, a water-draining side steam 8, a water-draining main river 9, an ecological protective slope 10, a constructed wetland 11, a flow-splitting ditch 12, a water inlet water gate 16 and a water-draining water gate 17, wherein the reservoir 1 is connected with the irrigating main river 2; the irrigating main river 2 is sequentially connected with the irrigating side steam 3, the irrigating lateral canal 4 and the irrigating farm ditch 5; the irrigating farm ditch 5 is connected with a farm field, a farm field water outlet is sequentially connected with the water-draining farm ditch 6, the water-draining lateral canal 7, the water-draining side steam 8, the flow-splitting ditch 12, the ecological protective slope 10, the water-draining main river 9 and the constructed wetland 11; the constructed wetland 11 is connected into receiving water. The self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system has the advantages of being efficient in irrigating, water-saving, effective in controlling surface source pollution, self-irrigating and self-draining, space-saving, and the like.

The invention provides a method for monitoring and evaluating a river by using unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring image data by using anunmanned aerial vehicle; reconstructing the image data by using a motion recovery shape algorithm to construct 3D topographic information; utilizing a Vextractor program to speculate the basic shapeof the river streamline on the 3D topographic information according to the image data, and fitting the basic shape into a river curvature index of the main river channel section; calculating an ortho-image spectral index by using an RGB ortho-image measurement program to obtain river quantitative and qualitative information; and evaluating the physical environment of the river according to the curvature index and the quantitative and qualitative information of the river. The invention provides a river monitoring and evaluating method. The unmannedaerial vehicle is taken as the infrastructure,a motion recovery shape algorithm, a Vextracto program and an RGB ortho-image measurement program are utilized to track the eutrophication process in the large river and reflect the change process ofeutrophication and vegetation overgrowth, and the method has very important application value for long-term monitoring and ecological restoration of the large river.

The invention discloses a method for calculating the critical condition of viscous debris flow river-blocking, and belongs to the technical field of debris flow prevention and treatment engineering. The method comprises the steps of: (a), calculating the per-unit-width flow ratio epsilon of a branch channel to a main river; (b), calculating a volume factor yt; (c), calculating a debris flow yield stress factor x and yield stress; (d), calculating a confluence angle factor as shown in the specification; and (e), judging the river-blocking occurrence probability, wherein when y is less than 0.16, river-blocking cannot occur; when y is greater than or equal to 0.16 and less than 0.3, local river-blocking possibly occurs; when y is greater than or equal to 0.3 and less than 0.46, most river-blocking possibly occurs; and, when y is greater than or equal to 0.46, complete river-blocking possibly occurs. By means of the method disclosed by the invention, in combination with indoor test and field data analysis, the debris flow yield stress and the per-unit-width flow ratio are sufficiently considered; debris flow river-blocking influence factors are nondimensionalized; the method can be suitable for field complex and changeable disaster conditions; the calculation result is accurate; the universality is high; and scientific guidance can be provided for preventing and treating debris flow river-blocking.

The invention provides a debris flow convergence main river motion process experiment measurement system and a debris flow convergence main river motion process calculation method. Firstly a debris flow convergence main river motion process simulation experiment measurement system is provided and comprises a debris flow forming device, wherein an outlet of a branch ditch conveying groove is hinged to a main river water groove; a tailing pool device arranged at an outlet of the main river water tank; a measuring device, wherein image collectors are respectively arranged right above the main river water tank and right opposite to the outlet of the branch ditch conveying groove; second sensors arranged on the bottom surface of the main river water groove, and first sensors respectively arranged right above the second sensors; and a third sensor positioned above the tailing pool device. The invention further provides a method for measuring and calculating related evolution parameters in the movement process of the debris flow converging main river by utilizing the experimental system, momentum changes of the debris flow converging main river and the experimental system are calculated, and on-way evolution characteristics of mixed flow density, volume concentration, converging angle deflection rate and the like caused by mixing of water flow and the debris flow are calculated.

The invention discloses a reversal design method determining secondary river maximum main river inflow rate; the method comprises the following steps: 1, building a water quality optimization model to carry out water quality simulation, determining decision variables and constraint conditions, and changing flow setting of each secondary river so as to form different conditions; 2, using water quality model simulation results under different conditions as nerve network training samples, building a nerve network and training the nerve network so as to realize non-linear function fitting, thus allowing the trained network to predict the water quality conditions in a primary river control section; 3, using a heredity algorithm to randomly form certain number of individuals as the initial population, using the well trained and improved nerve network as constrained conditions so as to determine and screen the individuals, selecting individuals satisfying water quality conditions and with high adaption level, using intersection and variation to obtain a novel population, thus obtaining the optimal design scheme for each secondary river flow regulation and control. The reversal design method can provide more improved design for the river water quality simulation technology.

The invention discloses an urban rainwater runoff regulation and control method based on LID measures. The method comprises the steps that 1, a Lagrange interpolation method is used for obtaining a runoff coefficient before development; an LID control editing module in a rainstorm management model is utilized for obtaining the parameter value range of the LID measures; parameters of a surface layer, a pavement layer, a soil layer, a water storage layer and a closed conduit are adjusted according to design requirements; 2, sub-catchment areas are divided, a first-level catchment area with a main river as the center is formed, a second-level catchment area is divided according to a refined DEM graph, and a third-level catchment area is formed according to the distribution condition of drainage facility space; 3, hydrological process simulation is executed; and 4, hydraulic process simulation is executed.

The invention relates to a method for conveying ice cubes by using wind. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: an ice conveying passage is selected from a seasonal river in an arid region, and small-sized water dams are built by selecting natural ditches at two sides of the seasonal river; and water is stored for standby in rainy seasons, after an icing period starts, the water dams are sequentially opened from a downstream to an upstream, water is frozen along a river passage of the seasonal river so as to form the ice conveying passage, a concave groove embedded into an ice layer is longitudinally formed along the center of the ice conveying passage of the seasonal river, the ice cubes are exploited from a main river passage, every three ice cubes form a group and are arranged into an isosceles triangle, the three ice cubes are connected with one another by using connecting rods so as to fix positions of the ice cubes, a mast is fixedly arranged on each ice cube, a sail is arranged between the masts of the two ice cubes located at two bottom corner positions of the isosceles triangle, and when the ice cubes are conveyed, the ice groups move to the upstream along the built ice conveying passage under the action of the wind until the ice groups are conveyed to a specified position of the upstream. The method has the advantages of simplicity and feasibility, large ice conveying capacity, low cost and great significance on the improvement of desert environments.

The invention relates to a river intersection, bifurcated and curved microbial community river model test system and test method. The river intersection, bifurcated and curved microbial community river model test system comprises a river channel water tank, a river substrate taken from a test river channel is laid at the bottom of the river channel water tank, the river channel water tank comprises a main river channel and a plurality of branch river channels, and an energy dissipation groove is formed in the upstream end of each branch river channel; and a triangular weir is arranged at a water outlet of the main stream river channel, river water passes through the energy dissipation grooves and converges at the main stream river channel from the branch river channels at a uniform speed and then flows out from the water outlet of the main stream river channel, and a river channel simulation environment is provided for river sediment. According to the test method, the system is used for obtaining microorganisms in river water in a river substrate for subsequent tests. A river engineering simulation test method and a microbiological pollutant degradation test method are combined, the interchange of a water inlet and a water outlet can test substrate microflora in a river intersection area, and further can test substrate microorganisms of a bifurcated river channel and a bent river channel, so that the system is suitable for microbiological tests of various river channels. 22.