121 results about "River ecosystem" patented technology

The invention relates to a multi-dimensional filler ecological type protected slope construction method suitable for repairing riverways in towns. The method comprises the following steps of: taking an ecological bag structure as a support; dividing a protected slope structure into four areas: an upright protector area, a low water level influence area, a normal water level influence area and a maximum flood level influence area; selecting matrixes adapted to structures and functions of the areas as fillers; recovering submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants and wetland plantsbog plants on a protected slope from bottom to top; and simultaneously, setting facilities such as a buffering platform and a domestic sewage distribution pipe, and constructing a zigzag river corridor. According to the multi-dimensional filler ecological type protected slope construction method suitable for repairing the riverways in the towns, the mechanical stability of the slope can be improved, the anti-erosion performance of the protected slope of a river is enhanced; the living condition of a river waterside variation area is effectively recovered, and the completeness of a river ecological system is ensured; and the matrixes of the protected slope, microorganisms and vegetation have important interception conversion effect on coastwise non-point source pollution, so that the river self-cleaning capacity is enhanced, the service function of a river ecological system is improved, materials are selected according to circumstances, the construction is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and wide market value and environmental benefit are realized.

The invention discloses a data management system based on river ecological monitoring. The data management system comprises an ecological monitoring and evaluating module, a data management platform and a forecasting and early warning module, wherein the ecological monitoring and evaluating module is used for evaluating monitored river monitoring data according to multiple evaluation indicators to obtain an ecological monitoring and evaluating result of a river, and the ecological monitoring and evaluating result comprises the health condition, existing problems and development trend of a river ecological system; the data management platform can be used for managing the monitored river monitoring data and taking the ecological monitoring and evaluating result as shared data to realize information sharing and communication; and the forecasting and early warning module is used for forecasting and early warning the river based on the river monitoring data and the ecological monitoring and evaluating result. The data management system can be used for accurately and comprehensively evaluating the repair or maintenance effect of the river ecological system, thus comprehensively judging the ecological regime of the river from multiple aspects, and forecasting and early warning different emergencies.

The invention discloses an ecological comprehensive treatment system of a northern mountain river channel. The system comprises three sub ecological systems of an ecological permeable dike built on the upstream of a main stream and a branch stream of a mountain river, a reservoir pond arranged at the middle and downstream area of the mountain river and a wet land communicated with the reservoir pond, and adopts an ecological treatment mode of closure-storage-preservation. The construction method comprises the steps of: a) building of the ecological permeable dike; b) setting of a triangular pyramidal wood pile stone cage; c) building of the reservoir pond; d) planting of plants of the reservoir pond; e) building of a wet land system; and f) recovery of a river bank band. The system and the construction method can effectively intercept the mountain debris flow and the river non-point source pollution, adjust the river runoff, improve the hydrologic conditions of the mountain river in non-flood season, decrease the dry season of the mountain river, and facilitate to recover the ecological system of the mountain river. Meanwhile, traditional depressions and empty ponds in the mountain river can be used in construction, so that the engineering building cost is reduced, and the self-cleaning capacity of river water is improved.

The invention relates to a method for using cheap material to design biological river bed in small-scale river in country, wherein said biological river bed is formed by surface wetland and submergent plant, while its has high purify ability and sewage control ability.

The invention relates to an evaluation method for a river ecological restoration effect. With the method, a problem of evaluation of a river ecological restoration effect to realize environment protection can be solved. According to the technical scheme, a restoration target of a river ecological system is set based on a river deterioration situation; a water ecological restoration effect evaluation indicator hierarchical structure model is constructed by using a frequency statistics method and a theoretical analysis method; weights of evaluation indicators are determined by using a group decision analytic hierarchy process; grading and standardization processing is carried out on the indexes of the evaluation indicators; an evaluation criterion of the river ecological restoration effect is formulated; and evaluation of a river restoration effect is carried out based on the evaluation indicators of the river restoration effect. The provided method is novel and unique and can be operated and used easily; and the effect is good. On the basis of evaluation of the restoration effect of the river, river control and ecological restoration can be guided; environmental protection can be realized; and the great economic and social benefits can be created.

The invention discloses a method of optimizing and determining a water supply type reservoir dispatching diagram considering the human and ecological needs, which comprises the following steps of: firstly determining the minimum ecological water requirement of a river; selecting AAPFD indexes and weighing the disturbing degree of a river hydrological regime; establishing a reservoir dispatching regulation combining the minimum ecological water requirement and a reservoir dispatching curve; then respectively determining a measure method of an ecological benefit target and a social benefit target of reservoir dispatchment; converting the social benefit target and the ecological benefit target to an ecological, social and economic total benefit target by adopting compromise programming; optimizing parameters of the dispatching diagram by adopting a genetic algorithm so as to obtain an optimal dispatching diagram which has the disturbing degree of the hydrological regime in a threshold value range and can enable the ecological, social and economic total benefit to be maximum. The invention can ensure that the operation of a reservoir can not generate fierce degeneration of a river ecological system and enable the comprehensive benefit of society, economy and ecology brought by the operation of the reservoir to be maximized.

The invention discloses a shore type ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow water filtering riverbed in-situ ecological remediation method. A riverbed space is utilized sufficiently, and the section of the riverbed is designed into functional regions including a central main river tank, a ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow base bed, a shore water distribution ditch and the like in sequence from inside to outside, and a certain water level gradient is kept. A river vertical hydraulic gradient and an upstream residual position water head are utilized to arrange facilities including a water distribution short dam and the like at an inlet end of a remediation unit; water from a riverbed upstream is distributed to the shore water distribution ditch and the central main river tank according to the ratio. Water distribution weirs are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the water distribution ditch and are used for distributing the river water to the ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow base bed; the river water flows through the ladder-grade base bed in a manner similar with a transverse flow regime vertical to a central line; the base bed is internally filled with substances and aquatic plants are planted to establish a complete ecological system; meanwhile, water quality is strengthened and purified and a river ecological system is remediated; the water discharged from the base bed is collected to the central main river tank so that the in-situ ecological remediation of a shore type ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow water filtering riverbed of one unit is finished.

The invention provides a management method of ecological flows river based on reservoir operation. The management method comprises the following steps: firstly, establishing a basic scheme, a compromise propose and an ideal scheme on the ecological flows management to be respectively suitable for the demands of high, medium and low water supply guarantee rate, and maintain health state of the basic, good and ideal ecological system of the river, simultaneously, dividing the capacity space of the reservoir to correspond to the management scheme of the ecological flows from top to down in sequence; then adopting a reservoir operation curve to guide so as to supply the water for the people and forming an integral reservoir ecological operation scheme by combining with the management scheme of the ecological flows; and finally applying a genetic algorithm, taking the water supply guarantee rate meeting the plan as the basic constrains and taking disturbance which reduces hydrologic regime of the river as an optimal target to optimize parameters of the reservoir capacity partition, dispatch curves and the like, so that the management scheme of ecological flows of the river based on the reservoir operation is obtained. The method can be suitable for demands of the different water supply guarantee rates, provide the optimized ecological flows process and effectively protect the ecological system of the river.

The invention discloses a cover material for a black and odorous bottom mud slow flow shallow water riverway and a repairing method. The cover material is composed of riverway bottom mud, modified medicinal stones and calcium peroxide in certain proportions. The repairing method comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing the treated riverway bottom mud, modified medicinal stones and calcium peroxide in certain proportions to prepare a bottom mud ecological cover material; 2) uniformly spreading the ecological matrix material into the river bottom from the water surface of the slow flow riverway; and 3) after a period of time, planting submerged plants in a covered area by virtue of a packaging method, and carrying out scientific management and maintenance on the submerged plants. The cover material is reasonable in formula, convenient to use, low in cost, environmental-friendly and good in repairing effect. The repairing method is simple and convenient to operate and ecological and environmental-friendly and can improve the survival environment of a riverway substrate, so that the substrate is suitable for submerged plants to grow, the problems that the submerged plants in a black and odorous bottom mud river are hard to survive and grow and the like are effectively solved, recovery of the ecological environment in a water domain is facilitated, and recovery and healthy development of a river ecological system are accelerated by virtue of the submerged plants.

The invention relates to a river ecosystem-oriented scheduling function optimization method of a power generation reservoir. The optimization method comprises the following steps of: firstly, combining a reservoir-scheduling curve and a scheduling function; drawing a reservoir-scheduling rule; then, confirming a river-quantifying hydrologic regime disturbing method and a hydrologic regime disturbing threshold; using the optimization of reservoir-scheduling generated energy as a target; optimizing the parameters of the scheduling function by applying a genetic algorithm to; when estimating the suitability of the genetic algorithm, bestowing a low-suitability value to individuals beyond a water regime disturbing threshold range so as to ensure the survival of the individuals in the hydrologic regime disturbing threshold range and further obtain an individual with the maximum generated energy in the hydrologic regime disturbing threshold range to be the reservoir-scheduling function ensuring the health of the river ecosystem and having the maximum generated energy. The invention can surely prevent the operation of the reservoir from causing the acute degeneration of the river ecosystem and optimize the generated energy of the reservoir.

The invention relates to a method for determining the amount of available surface water of a river basin facing to the protection of a river ecosystem, which comprises the following steps: firstly determining the minimum ecological water requirement of a river, selecting an AAPFD index to measure the disturbance degree of hydrological regime of the river, establishing reservoir operation rules which combine a reservoir operation curve with ecological flow operation rules, then applying the genetic algorithm to optimize three optimization variables of parameters of the reservoir operation curve, applicable ecological discharge flow of a reservoir in each month and monthly planned water supply amount of the river basin on the basis of ensuring the minimum ecological water requirement of the reservoir and the disturbance of the hydrological regime of the river in the acceptable range, and obtaining the maximum amount of available water supply, that is the amount of available surface water of the river basin. The method can fully ensure the health of the river ecosystem, simultaneously overcome the shortcoming that the traditional calculation method can not precisely calculate the amount of unavailable flood discharge during the flood season and more accurately determine the amount of available surface water of the river basin.

The invention discloses a river permeability reducing method in arid area grit stone river ecology restoring project, which comprises the following steps: mixing sodium bentonite and local soil to mixed soil evenly with dry weight ratio 1 : 9; mixing the mixed soil and grit material evenly with dry weight ratio at 4 : 6; forming permeability reducing mixed material; paving the permeability reducing mixed material layer on the compacted river bed; paving local soil permeability reducing layer; vibrating and packing together; back-paving on site ballast on the permeability reducing layer as covering layer. This invention possesses distinctive economic benefit, which can be used to permeability reducing agent project of river, lake and marshland.

The invention relates to a method for defining an environmental flow rate of a highly disturbed area based on a river dominant ecological environment functional zone. The method resolves the scientific definition of the environmental flow rate of a highly disturbed area and promotes the recovery of a river ecosystem. The method comprises acquiring required ecological environment data; selecting azone indicator oriented to a zoning purpose; using a top-to-bottom classification method for zoning, and performing flow direction, conflux cumulant and riverway extraction according to a drainage basin depression-free DEM, and determining child drainage basin units by using an intersection of a first-class branch and a main stream and three sections of the main stream as child drainage basin outlets; according to the water ecological environment functional zone and in combination with the requirements of functional properties of different river sections and the dam gate distribution data andpollution load discharge amount in highly disturbed area, determining the flow rate required to maintain self-purification and the flow rate required to maintain aquatic organism inhabitance of a river. The method is beneficial to the scientific definition of the environmental flow rate in the highly disturbed area, ensures the flow rate of the river environment and promotes the virtuous circle development of the river.

The invention provides a cascade power generation and ecological balance optimization scheduling method and device, equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the annual runoff change of a river of the cascade hydropower station, calculating the ecological flow of the cascade hydropower station by adopting a ten-day-by-ten-day frequency method, and determining theupper and lower limits of the ecological suitable flow and the minimum and maximum ecological flows of the cascade hydropower station; setting an objective function and constraint conditions to establish a power generation and ecological balance optimization scheduling model; and optimizing a scheduling result according to the power generation and ecological balance optimization scheduling model based on an improved whale algorithm. The method can achieve organic unification of economic benefits and ecological benefits of the cascade power station, find out the optimal balance point of the power generation benefits and the ecological benefits, and effectively improve the ecological flow environment of the riverway under the stress of water conservancy projects. By changing the hydropower station scheduling mode, the water requirement of the river ecosystem is met to the maximum extent, the natural runoff mode of the river channel is well maintained, and the influence of human power generation requirements on river ecology is reduced.

The invention relates to a river-course system structure for water body purification and ecological restoration. The river-course system structure comprises an ecological filtering barrage unit, a gravel gabion ecological barricade unit and a river-bottom biological habitat unit, wherein the ecological filtering barrage unit, the gravel gabion ecological barricade unit and the river-bottom biological habitat unit are arranged on a river-bed base in sequence from front to back along the water flow direction of a river course; the ecological filtering barrage unit comprises a dam body which is arranged in the way of intercepting the river course, an ecological filtering layer charged inside the dam body, a water inlet arranged at the upper part of the dam body, and at least two water outlets arranged at the back lower part of the dam body; the river-bottom biological habitat unit comprises a gravel-construction waste basal layer, a pebble-modified bottom mud layer and a planting soil layer which are paved in sequence from bottom to top; a submerged plant is planted in the planting soil. By using the river-course system structure provided by the invention, pollutants such as a particulate matter, a macromolecular organic matter, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), N, P and the like in a river current can be effectively removed; a river-current ecological system of a dredged river reach can be recovered.

The invention relates to a method of constructing an ecological revetment for intensively intercepting and clearing non-point pollution based on organisms, which comprises the steps of investigating hydrologic conditions of a river, determining non-point pollution load and hydraulic retention time of a riparian zone in a unit length, analyzing characteristics of the non-point pollution along the river, screening a high-efficiency bacterium which can efficiently remove the non-point pollution or constructing gene engineering bacteria capable of removing nondegradable organic pollutants, constructing hollow hexahedral ecological revetment members, and growing plants in the members, thereby constructing the ecological revetment. Compared with the prior art, with the adoption of the method, the non-point pollution, particularly the nondegradable organic pollutants, can be removed effectively, the river pollution load can be decreased, potential ecological risks of the non-point pollution to a river ecosystem are reduced, and local raw materials are utilized to improve the environmental compatibility of the members, so that good habitat conditions are provided for the growth of microbial communities and vegetations at the riparian zone, and the mechanical stability of the riparian zone is improved.

The invention discloses an urban inland river ecosystem health evaluation method based on weights, comprising the following steps: (1) distinguishing a reference point and a damaged point; (2) establishing a candidate microbial parameter index database; (3) screening core microbial parameters and parameter assignment; (4) calculating the microbial integrity index and dividing it into evaluation grades; (5) testing the reliability of microbial integrity index. The invention integrates the principal component weighting method, the entropy weight method and the biological integrity index method to evaluate the urban inland river with the microorganism as the research object, which has strong sensitivity and can reflect the health status of the urban inland river ecosystem quickly, sensitively, accurately and comprehensively and objectively.

The invention provides a black odor water treatment method based on biochar immobilization composite microorganism treatment and an aeration reoxygenation system of the black odor water treatment method. The treatment method comprises the following steps: (1) surveying the river pollution profile, (2) performing source control and sewage interception, (3) performing aeration and reoxygenation treatment, (4) performing degradation and purification treatment by using a biochar immobilization composite microorganism system, and (5) performing comprehensive monitor and long-term dynamic assessment on the health of an urban river ecosystem. Input of energy materials is small, man-made management control is less, economical efficiency is achieved, and the cost is only 30-50% of the cost of a traditional environmental engineering technology. According to the immobilization composite microorganism ecological restoration technology, natural organisms or slightly modified organisms rather than artificial substances are utilized to purify sewage in rivers and lakes, the environmental compatibility is good, and no secondary pollution to the environment is caused; and the method can be combined with hydrophilic landscape construction, and the external forms are natural, and is more humanized.

The invention aims to provide a method for recovering biological diversity in shortage of water. The method comprises the following steps: (1) regulating and controlling the flow of the river in shortage of water through the regulation and control for the gate dams by tilizing the characteristic of multiple gate dams of the river according to the basin water resource, thereby improving the river environment flow; (2) forming various habitat conditions of the river by utilizing the habitat improving technique for trapezoid spur dike, water storage weir and eco-island river; (3) constructing a biological functional group, putting emergent aquatic plants, submerged plants, benthonic animals and fish aquatic animals, constructing the aquatic plant and animal functional groups for recovering the biological diversity, gradually forming an artificial biocenosis of the river lack of water and finally forming an ecological system, thereby recovering the aquatic organism diversity in river in shortage of water. The method provided by the invention is unique, the operation and the application are easy, the effect is excellent and the method is beneficial to the recovery of the aquatic organism diversity in river in shortage of water and has obvious economical and social benefits.

The present invention relates to a method for recovering an underwater ecosystem of a river. In particular, the method for recovering an underwater ecosystem of a river comprises a first step of constructing an upstream blocking wall at the same level as the bottom of a river such that the bottom of the river is positioned in the same line as upper surfaces of the upstream blocking wall; a second step of constructing a downstream blocking wall at the same level as the bottom of the river at a position spaced apart from the upstream blocking wall by a predetermined distance such that the bottom of the river is positioned in the same line as an upper surface of the downstream blocking wall; and a third step of dredging the bottom of the river in a predetermined depth according to a planned depth of water of the river and constructing a reservoir between the upstream and downstream blocking walls to release various kinds of underwater organisms suitable to regional characteristics, wherein the first to third steps are repeated to form a plurality of pond regions along the river. The method of the present invention further comprises a fourth step of constructing shallow regions for water purification between the plurality of pond regions. Therefore, there are advantages in that the underwater ecosystem of a river can be recovered and maintained healthily and the contamination of river can be prevented through the improvement of natural purification capability of the river, whereby a natural ecosystem including the ecosystem of an existing river can be kept more healthily and the river may be thus easily utilized as a water-friendly space.

The invention relates to an ecological riparian zone construction method. According to the method, circular concrete tubes with permeable holes distributed on tube walls are adopted for shore protection, artificial wetland matrix beds are constructed in the circular tubes, and finally emergent aquatic plants and humidogene trees and shrubs are planted in the surfaces of the artificial wetland matrix beds, thus constructing wetland biological communities. A riparian zone constructed by virtue of the method has the functions of slowing down flowing speed of water at a littoral zone, stabilizing river banks, creating a growth environment for plants in a water area close to a river course and providing multi-pore habitats to benthic animals; and the plant communities can absorb river pollutants, thereby purifying river water quality. As being capable of reconstructing degraded riparian zone plant communities, the method provided by the invention lays a foundation for the construction of a healthy riparian zone ecosystem, and provides technologies to restore the degraded riparian ecosystem and reconstruct and restore vigorous riparian zones and river ecosystems.

The invention discloses an environmental flow process regulation and control method based on runoff regime, water quality and biological multiple elements, which comprises the following steps: step 1,determining river ecological partitions, and identifying key runoff regime and water quality elements influencing a biocenosis; step 2, constructing a quantitative relationship among runoff situation, water quality factors and biodiversity indexes; 3, considering that the research river is a natural river or a regulation and control river, and if the regulation and control influence is severe, calculating the change rate of the biodiversity index under the regulation and control influence; if the research river is slightly influenced by gate dam regulation or is a natural river, directly carrying out the step 4; and step 4, perfecting and expanding evaluation indexes (including runoff situation, water quality factors and biodiversity indexes) and criteria of river health. And based on theactual measurement daily runoff process, environment flow process intervals under different water quality health levels are obtained. Technical support is provided for determination of a river environment flow process, influence of water conservancy project regulation and control on biocenosis and even river ecosystem protection.

The invention discloses an urban inland river water quantity and water quality optimization regulation and control method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, carrying out current situation investigation on rainfall and evaporation quantity of an area, a pollution source of the area, hydraulic engineering of the area, river basic information, a river water environment, a river ecosystem and the like; 2, analyzing current situations such as regional pollution sources, river channel water quality and quantity, regional water environment capacity, river channel ecological water demand, regional fresh water availability, water regulation quantity and influence range, feasibility of water reuse in an intra-regional sewage treatment plant, regional water ecology and the like; and 3, providing a water quantity and water quality optimization regulation and control method. The method is based on deep analysis of the hydrological water environment in a city; an urban inland river waterquantity and quality optimization regulation and control scheme can be put forward in a targeted mode, and therefore the problems that the water body river network water quality is generally poor, thenitrogen and phosphorus content is high, the transparency is poor, the water supplementing source is single, a water ecosystem is imperfect, and the water body self-purification capacity is low in the urban inland river are solved.

The invention discloses an effective reservoir storage capacity determining method meeting the requirements of human and ecology, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, determining key parameter values (a planned ecological flow rate in a flood period, a starting point of a high-pulse flow rate and a minimum ecological water requirement) of an ecological flow rate required by a river, dividing an inflow current into four intervals according to an inflow current rate of a reservoir, and taking different ecological flow rate processes when the flow rate is within different intervals so as to meet the requirements on different ecological flow rates in different flow rate periods; secondly, through analogue computation, determining a maximum available water supply supplied to the human under the condition of meeting the planned ecological flow rate process; and finally, selecting the planned water supply in the range of the available water supply, and combining the planned water supply with the planned ecological flow rate process to obtain the effective reservoir storage capacity simultaneously meeting the requirements of the planned water supply and the planned ecological flow rate through a sequent-peak algorithm meeting the requirements of human and ecological water supply. Through the effective reservoir storage capacity determining method, planned water supply can be supplied to the human and the ecological flow rate needed by a river ecosystem can be supplied according to the human water needs and ecological water needs simultaneously, and the health of the river ecosystem is effectively protected.

The present invention relates to a darkening and stink river ecosystem reconstruction integration method, which comprises online water quality detection, exogenous pollutant control, endogenous pollutant control, biodiversity restoration, ecological sustainable construction, and a remote intelligent monitoring system, wherein the online water quality detection performs water quality detection on a target water body, the exogenous pollutant control reduce the entering of exogenous pollutants into the target water body, the endogenous pollutant control performs repairing treatment on the target water body, the biodiversity restoration adjusts the microbial flora structure, the fish population structure and density of the target water body, the ecological sustainable construction constructs riverside emerged plants by using an artificial ecological island, and the remote intelligent monitoring system performs the remote supervision and control on the operation condition of the treatment system. According to the present invention, the darkening and stink river ecosystem reconstruction integration method cannot cause secondary pollution to the water body, can promote the water body to restore the self-repair function, and can strengthen the self-purification ability of the water body.