39 results about "Nutritional Indices" patented technology

The invention relates to a stirring type cereal sour milk and a method of preparing the same. The cereal sour milk is made through lactobacillus and probiotics ferment by using raw materials with the following weight components: raw fresh milk of 700-875 parts, cereal powder 1-30 parts; additive agent for dairy food of 5-44 parts; lactobacillus strain / functionality probiotics strain of 0.2-0.8 parts; corrective of 48-82 parts; stabilizing thickening agent of 3-10 parts; homogeneous pourable dense quasi-fluid which is the external appearance showing the color of added cereal powder with suspended corresponding cereal powder; the tissue is fine, smooth and uniform and a few whey is allowed to be precipitated; organoleptic attribute, nutritive index, health indicator and content of lactobacillus series of the cereal sour milk are all better than that in the GB2746 cultured milk quality index. The present invention is characterized in that the cereal powder that is formed by pulverizing and swelling processes reserves the nutrient of cereal to the utmost extent and improves the hot water leaching rate and absorption rate of its nutrient components; the technique is more compact and the operation is easy; the production efficiency is high and the consumption human populations of the products are widened; the cereal sour milk is easy to digested and absorbed, and the taste is better.

The invention discloses a compound feed for enhancing color of rainbow trout. The compound feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.3 part of microelements, 0.03-0.06 part of vitamins, 1-2 parts of minerals, 15-25 parts of imported fish powder, 5-10 parts of shrimp shell powder, 2-5 parts of sleeve-fish ointment, 20-40 parts of bean pulp, 10-20 parts of mixed meal, 5-8 parts of corn protein powder, 2-3 parts of alfalfa powder, 0.04-0.08 part of cholate substances, 1-2 parts of spirulina powder, 4-6 parts of kelp powder, 4-6 parts of grease, 0.02-0.04 part of astaxanthin, 0.2-0.4 part of 0.2% lutein and 15-25 parts of flour. The raw materials such as the imported fish powder and the good-quality bean pulp are selected for meeting nutritional indexes of the rainbow trout, and the carotenoid-rich raw materials such as the spirulina powder, the astaxanthin, the lutein and the corn protein powder are emphatically added for enhancing the color of the rainbow trout according to physiological characteristics of the rainbow trout; the compound feed is convenient to use and free from toxic effects, and contains 40%-45% of crude proteins and 12%-16% of crude fat.

The invention discloses a perfect compound feed which comprises corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, whole-milk rice bran, rice bran meal, wheat, wheat bran, brewer's grain, alfalfa meal, soybean oil, baking soda, table salt, calcium hydrophosphate, calcium powder, lysine hydrochloride, methionine, choline chloride, mould inhibitor, antioxidant, microelement additive and vitamin complex. The feed disclosed by the invention conforms to various nutritive indexes necessary to the medium and big gooses in the growth process, can prevent the wing curling of the medium and big gooses, and obviously improves the feather quality of the medium and big gooses.

The invention discloses an all-round enteral nutrition preparation and a preparation method thereof. Raw materials of the all-round enteral nutrition preparation contain rice, lotus root starch, maltodextrin, casein, animal protein, soybean protein, vegetable oil, dietary fiber, salt, vitamins and trace elements. The preparation method comprises the steps of cleaning, drying and smashing the rice, adding water to boil the rice, adding amylase to perform enzymolysis, performing drying, smashing and sieving to obtain rice powder, adding surplus raw materials except the lotus root starch and the dietary fiber into the rice powder, performing drying and then mixing the rice power and sieved lotus root starch and sieved dietary fiber to perform sterilization. The observation on the nutrition effect of the old people suffering long-term nasal feeding shows that the all-round enteral nutrition preparation has obvious improvement effect on nutrition situations but has no harmful effect on blood sugar, blood fat and renal and liver functions. Clinical evidence shows that after the all-round enteral nutrition preparation is used, nutrition intake can be effectively increased, the organism nutritional indexes and the nutrition situations are improved, and no adverse reaction is caused.

The invention discloses a probiotics-containing breast milk-like formula milk powder for infants. Raw milk is used as a base material; according to nutrient differences of breast milk and raw milk, whey protein is added to adjust the ratio of whey protein to casein in a product to be close to 6:4; soybean oil is added to adjust deficiency of linoleic acid in milk fat, wherein linoleic acid accounts for about 12.8 percent of the total fat of the breast milk but only 2.2 percent of the total fat of raw milk; arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), sialic acid (SA) and 3'-sialyllactose(3'-SL) are added to promote brain development of infants and improve memory and intelligence; and bifidobacterium lactis HN019, bifidobacterium animal Bb-12 and lactobacillus paracasei N1115 are added to regulate intestinal healthy development of infants. The invention also provides a preparation method of the milk powder. The milk powder is close to the nutrition index in the Chinese breast milk and is suitable for growth and development of infants in China.

The invention relates to a complete selenium-rich chromium-rich feed for pigs. According to the nutrient contents and the weight ratio of finishing pigs in different growth stages, selenium-rich chromium-rich yeast (in selenium-rich chromium-rich yeast products, the selenium content reaches 4000mg / kg, and the chromium content reaches 800mg / kg; and the additive amounts of selenium and chromium in the feed are respectively 0.3mg / kg and 0.2mg / kg) is artificially added to form a variety of complete feeds. The feed ensures the nutrient requirements of pigs, meanwhile the particular supplement of selenium and chromium is realized, and the feed is used for feeding the pigs for producing high-quality pollution-free selenium-rich chromium-rich pork. The invention is suitable for cultivation enterprises of scale and retail feeding and can generate good economic and social benefits. According to the formula, the average daily gain of finishing pigs is increased by 10-12% compared with that of ordinary pigs; the feed conversion ratio is reduced by 4% in the full-growth period; the growth and body condition is superior to ordinary pigs, the diarrhea incidence is reduced, and the disease resistance is enhanced; and the contents of selenium and chromium in pork products respectively reach 0.15mg / kg and 0.57mg / kg. Each nutritional index of the complete feed conforms to quality standards of the national concentrated feed.

The invention relates to the technical field of red wine and in particular relates to blueberry fermented wine and a preparation method thereof. By researching and discussing the acid degree, sugar degree and other characteristics of blueberry fruit and improving a blueberry production process in combination with a conventional blueberry fermentation technology, the prepared blueberry fermented wine has the alcohol content of 12% vol, the total sugar content of 0.1-45 g / l, the total acid content of 0.35-0.65 g / l, the volatile acid content of 0.07-0.1 g / l and the free extract content of 12-30 g / l, and other indexes in the blueberry fermented wine are all superior to nutritional indexes in the prior art; by accurately controlling the process steps of preparing the blueberry fermented wine from the blueberry fruit and the process parameters, the prepared blueberry fermented wine is relatively low in bacterial quantity and relatively good in quality, and has the characteristics of natural color and luster, purple black color, clearness, glossiness, wine and fruit compound aroma, pure taste, harmonic mouth feel, mellowness, softness and sufficient aftertaste.

A buffet selling system disclosed by the present invention comprises dishes distribution devices and a background server, wherein each dishes distribution device is equipped with a card swiping system which allows the dished distribution device to push the dishes according to the predetermined amount when receiving an effective card swiping instruction of a user terminal, and the dishes pushed by the dishes distribution device at every time possess a predetermined nutritional index; the background server is in communication connection with the card swiping systems and records the dishes distributed to the user terminals via the effective card swiping instructions. According to the buffet selling system provided by the present invention, the restaurant consumers can select the dishes in a self-service manner, and pay according to the selected dishes, thereby preventing a huge waste situation under a conventional buffet mode. According to the present invention, the automatic payment and the self-service meal are realized, so that the labor costs of the restaurants are saved, and accordingly, the price of the dishes can be reduced to benefit the restaurant consumers. Moreover, a mode of ordering dishes automatically and taking dishes infinitely and repeatedly also saves the queuing time of the restaurant consumers substantially.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nutrition diagnosis, and discloses a beet nitrogen nutrition detection method and system based on unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral data, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the inversion to obtain ten vegetation indexes and three major classes 19 vegetation indexes; analyzing a nitrogen nutrition change rule of different varieties of beets under different nitrogen application amounts; evaluating correlation and correlation coefficients between the unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral index of the beet test plot and the nitrogen content of the leaf clump, the nitrogen content of the root, the nitrogen content of the whole plant, the nitrogen accumulation amount of the leaf clump, the nitrogen accumulation amount of the root and the nitrogen accumulation amount of the whole plant of the beet; screening the vegetation index with the highest correlation with the beet nitrogen nutrition index in the three types of vegetation indexes for modeling; finding out a beet growth monitoring index with the highest precision; and formulating a beet nitrogen nutrition diagnosis standard based on the optimal spectral vegetation index, and establishing an evaluation system. Experiments show that the unmanned aerial vehicle can diagnose the leaf cluster nitrogen accumulation amount NWL, the root nitrogen accumulation amount NWT and the whole plant nitrogen accumulation amount NWP in unit area, and diagnosis results have statistical significance.

The invention discloses a cooking utensil and a pressure control method for the cooking utensil. The cooking utensil comprises a pot body, an inner pot, a cover body, a temperature detection device, an air pump and a control device. An air inlet of the air pump is communicated with a cooking cavity so as to exhaust air from the cooking cavity when a steam channel on the cover body is sealed, so that a negative pressure state is formed in the cooking cavity. The control device is configured to perform the following pressure control in a preset stage of the cooking process: controlling the air pump to perform air exhaust operation, detecting and acquiring the actual air exhaust duration of the air pump and the real-time temperature in the cooking cavity in real time, and controlling the airpump to perform air exhaust operation on the cooking cavity according to preset conditions according to the actual air exhaust duration and the real-time temperature. According to the cooking utensil,it can be guaranteed that the cooking cavity maintains the expected negative pressure value, and therefore it can be guaranteed that the taste, nutritional indexes and the like are always kept constant.

The invention discloses a fermented full-fat soybean feed and a production method thereof. The production method comprises the following steps: 1) water supplementation and bacterial inoculation; 2) fermentation starter preparation under ventilation condition; 3) granulation under anaerobic condition; 4) fermentation under heat insulation; and 5) air-drying and pulverization. The fermented full-fat soybean feed contains more than or equal to 40% of crude protein, more than or equal to 16.5% of crude fat, less than or equal to 6.0% of crude fiber, less than or equal to 6.0% of crude ash, more than or equal to 2.4% of lysine, more than or equal to 6.0% of methionine, and less than or equal to 12% of water. The fermentation production process reduces the loss of lipids and fats of the fermented full-fat soybean feed, increases the nutritional indexes, increases the utilization rate of soybean, improves the efficiency of feed production, and reduces the cost of feed production.

The invention discloses a fermented feed capable of strengthening oxidation resistance and stress resistance of crayfish and a preparation method of the fermented feed.The method comprises the steps of adding oxidation resisting dark green feed components to the fermented feed, wherein the oxidation resisting dark green feed components contain fermentation mulberry leaf powder, one or more stem and leaf plants, and one or more berry plants; and mixing and stirring a phagostimulant, a compound additive, an adhesion agent and mixed fermentation bacterial liquid, performing constant-temperature short-time fermentation, and then performing granulation to obtain finished products of the feed. The raw materials of the feed are cheap and easy to obtain, the feed is simple to make, and the production cost is greatly reduced. The components can guarantee various nutrient indexes of the crayfish, the immunity and the liver function of the crayfish can be notably improved, fermented protein components are easy to separate out, digestive absorption by the crayfish is facilitated, health of intestines is facilitated, and quick growth of the crayfish can be promoted.

The invention discloses a river course clustering method based on algal bloom outbreak, which comprises the following steps: establishing a river course algal bloom outbreak index system; determiningthe index weight of the system; calculating index scores; and performing river course clustering. The river course algal bloom outbreak indexes are comprehensively considered, including the river course form, water body power, water body physical and chemical factors, water body optics, and water body nutritional indexes, the river course algal bloom outbreak index system is established, and the subjective and objective comprehensive weighting method is used to determine the weight of each index, and finally the system clustering method is used for river course clustering, so as to classify river courses of different regions and different characteristics, knowing the general law of river course algal bloom outbreak, and providing an effective technical management tool for algal bloom riskprediction and algal bloom prevention and control.

A formula of pig feed for a pig farm comprises raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 80-100 parts of wheat bran, 5-7 parts of corn oil, 1-3 parts of Chinese yam flour, 4-8 parts of poria cocos,5-11 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizomes, 3-9 parts of rhizoma bletillae, 6-8 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 50-70 parts of sorghum flour, 4-6 parts of sweet potato residues, 2-4 parts of puffed pearl barley, 8-12 parts of carrots, 20-30 parts of eel bone, 8-10 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 20-30 parts of dragon fruit peel and 5-7 parts of table salt. The formula is reasonable in design and comprises concise steps, all components including the Chinese yam flour, the poria cocos, the bighead atractylodes rhizomes, rhizoma bletillae and rhizoma cyperi contain no pure medicinal ingredients,so that the side effect of the pig feed containing traditional Chinese medicines has the side effects reduced to the minimum, and no side effects are found in feed breeding; through combination of Chinese herbal medicines and basic feed, the nutritional ingredients taken by pork pigs can be effectively improved, demands of the growth period of the pigs are met, the pigs bred with the feed have thin pigskin and tender pork and are excellent in quality, the nutritional indexes are completely normal, the product belongs to the range of lean meat, and the pig feed adapts to the new trend of consumption of pork and is suitable for popularization.

The invention relates to a prescription information pushing method and device based on parenteral nutrition and computer equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a parenteral nutrition prescription pushing task, wherein the parenteral nutrition prescription pushing task carries a patient identifier; acquiring patient information corresponding to the patient identifier, and determining a corresponding energy factor according to the patient information; calling an index matching model, wherein the index matching model is established by performing big data analysis based onhistorical patient information and historical prescription information; matching the patient information according to the index matching model to obtain reference quantities corresponding to a plurality of nutrition index items; determining a target amount corresponding to the nutrition index item based on the energy factor and the reference amount; and generating prescription information according to the target quantity, and pushing the prescription information to a corresponding terminal. By adopting the method, the time cost for determining the prescription information based on parenteral nutrition can be saved, and the workload of doctors is reduced.

The invention provides a prediction system for combined prediction of gastric cancer prognosis based on patient age, nutrition index, tumor stage and tumor marker. The prediction system is constructed by taking patient age, tumor TNM stage, AFP, CA153, CA724 and nutrition index as prediction indexes, and the invention belongs to the field of prediction models. The prediction system can be used for accurately predicting the prognosis condition of a gastric cancer patient (especially a patient subjected to gastric cancer resection surgery in an I-IV stage) and accurately predicting the survival rate of the patient. The prediction system for predicting gastric cancer prognosis provided by the invention is simple in construction method and high in prediction accuracy and distinction degree, has important significance in clinically assisting in judging the prognosis condition and survival rate of gastric cancer patients, and is beneficial to individual precise treatment of clinical patients.

The invention discloses a perfect compound feed which comprises corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, whole-milk rice bran, rice bran meal, wheat, wheat bran, brewer's grain, alfalfa meal, soybean oil, baking soda, table salt, calcium hydrophosphate, calcium powder, lysine hydrochloride, methionine, choline chloride, mould inhibitor, antioxidant, microelement additive and vitamin complex. The feed disclosed by the invention conforms to various nutritive indexes necessary to the medium and big gooses in the growth process, can prevent the wing curling of the medium and big gooses, and obviously improves the feather quality of the medium and big gooses.

The invention relates to the technical field of red wine and in particular relates to blueberry fermented wine and a preparation method thereof. By researching and discussing the acid degree, sugar degree and other characteristics of blueberry fruit and improving a blueberry production process in combination with a conventional blueberry fermentation technology, the prepared blueberry fermented wine has the alcohol content of 12% vol, the total sugar content of 0.1-45 g / l, the total acid content of 0.35-0.65 g / l, the volatile acid content of 0.07-0.1 g / l and the free extract content of 12-30 g / l, and other indexes in the blueberry fermented wine are all superior to nutritional indexes in the prior art; by accurately controlling the process steps of preparing the blueberry fermented wine from the blueberry fruit and the process parameters, the prepared blueberry fermented wine is relatively low in bacterial quantity and relatively good in quality, and has the characteristics of natural color and luster, purple black color, clearness, glossiness, wine and fruit compound aroma, pure taste, harmonic mouth feel, mellowness, softness and sufficient aftertaste.

The invention relates to a method for designing a feed formula based on a trial and error process, and belongs to the feed industry. The trial and error process is a practical feed formula process, so the trial and error process is easy to learn for people who have not learned the feed formula and is not limited by the type of feed raw materials and the number of nutritional indexes. Under the condition of manual calculation, in case of many types of the feed raw materials and more nutritional indexes taken into consideration, the design of the feed formula is time-consuming and laborious. However, under the condition of the ready-made computer operating module, the practical feed formula with low cost and ideal effect can be obtained within a short time so long as to understand the main characteristics of the feed raw materials and utilize the feeding standard reasonably. In a goldpoint feed formula, a formula checking module is ready-made, and can be used directly.

The invention provides a database for rapidly detecting mutton quality based on near infrared and an establishment method thereof, and relates to the technical field of mutton quality detection. The database comprises a qualitative identification module, a crude protein determination module, a crude fat determination module, a fatty acid determination module, an amino acid determination module anda grading module. According to the invention, by establishing a mutton database containing crude protein, crude fat, amino acid, fatty acid and other nutritional indexes, meat color, brightness, PH and other physical indexes, and corresponding spectral information of mutton, the operation is simple, the cost is low, the purposes of quantitative analysis of nutritional ingredients and quality grading can be achieved through simple spectral scanning, and meanwhile, a reliable detection model is also provided, the detection accuracy of crude protein, crude fat, amino acid and fatty acid of nutritional indexes is extremely high, the blank of quantitative indexes of mutton grading is filled, and the grading accuracy is 95% or above.

The invention discloses a food material recommendation method based on nutrition indexes. The food material recommendation method comprises the following steps: collecting nutrition intake information of a user in a preset time period; comparing the nutrition intake information with a published nutrition standard to obtain nutrition index information lacked by the user; According to preset food material nutrient content information, automatically recommending various nutritional food materials rich in nutritional index information to the user. According to the food material recommendation method based on the nutrition indexes provided by the invention, the nutrition intake information of the user is compared with the published nutrition standard to obtain the nutrition information lacked by the user, and then the recommendation of the to-be-supplemented food materials is automatically generated for the user according to the nutrition content information of the food materials, so that the query and search time of the user is saved, and the user experience is improved. The nutrition balance of the user is promoted, and the diet health is ensured.

The invention provides a sargasbag export product quality grade classification method for sargasbag cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: dividing the quality of air bag export products of cultured sargassum fusiforme into three quality grade standards of AAA grade, AA grade and A grade from high to low, wherein the common quality characteristics of the method comprise seven aspects of typical pesticide residue variety and limit, typical heavy metal variety and limit, color, airbag and stem heterozygosis mass ratio, airbag body morphological characteristics, rehydration rate and main nutrition indexes. The invention can provide a sargasbag export product quality identification and grade classification method for sargasbag cultivation for sargasbag export enterprises, and the method focuses on the scientific evaluation, food safety and quality difference characteristics of the sargasbag export products for sargasbag cultivation.

The present invention relates to raw materials of a functional feed for improving milk yield and milk quality and an application thereof. In particular, the present invention provides a soybean molasses product. The product comprises a feed carrier and soybean molasses adsorbed on the feed carrier. The present invention also provides corn substitute materials and a feed, the corn substitute materials contain the soybean molasses product, and the feed contains the soybean molasses product or the corn substitute materials. The corn substitute materials can substitute parts of the corns in dairy cow feeds, which reduces the corn ingredients in the feed, significantly increases the milk yield of dairy cows, and enables parts of nutrition indexes in the milk to be significantly increased.

The invention discloses a raw component capable of replacing silage corn in cows feed, a silaging method of the raw component, and cows feed; fresh whole-plant feeding foxtail millet clipped from milk-ripe stage to soft dough stage is cut and crushed, silage fermenting agent is added, and silage feeding millet is made in kiln-loaded silage manner under the humidity of 65-75%; the silage feeding millet gains excellent sensory evaluation, is applicable to cow feeding in nutritional index and net energy for lactation, never causes uncomfortable emergency response to cows, has no negative effect, can provide improved milk quality for cow's milk, and is an ideal raw component of cows feed to replace silage corn. The silage feeding millet of the invention has the advantages that the silaging method is simple, the manufacture cost is low, and the silage feeding millet is applicable to massive cows feed; the prepared cows feed can provide significant economic benefits in terms of feed cost reduction, cow's milk quality improvement and the like, and has positive popularization significance.

The present invention relates to raw materials of a functional feed for improving milk yield and milk quality and an application thereof. In particular, the present invention provides a soybean molasses product. The product comprises a feed carrier and soybean molasses adsorbed on the feed carrier. The present invention also provides corn substitute materials and a feed, the corn substitute materials contain the soybean molasses product, and the feed contains the soybean molasses product or the corn substitute materials. The corn substitute materials can substitute parts of the corns in dairy cow feeds, which reduces the corn ingredients in the feed, significantly increases the milk yield of dairy cows, and enables parts of nutrition indexes in the milk to be significantly increased.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of bioactive yoghourt for piglets. The bioactive yoghourt is prepared through the steps of feeding, enzymolysis, dairy product addition, fermentation, nutrient composition feeding, instantaneous sterilization, emulsification and canning. According to the bioactive yoghourt prepared by the invention, the weight percentage of acid soluble protein / crude protein is 25-30%; according to the bioactive yoghourt prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the fully-cured high-quality raw materials and a deep liquid fermentation technology are utilized, and the obtained bioactive yoghourt contains a large number of flavor substances, can directly replace or supplement breast milk, has the nutritional index content higher than that of the breast milk, has sour and sweet milk fragrance, and is high in standardized dairy product content; the problem that piglets are thin, weak and small due to lactation deficiency of sows can be effectively solved, the function can be extended to weaning, the problem of weaning stress is solved, and perfect transition from breast milk to solid feed is achieved.

The present application relates to a method for preparing a dairy product based on the principle of forward osmosis, the concentrated dairy product prepared by the above method, and a continuous forward osmosis membrane system. Multiple concentration of the target solution is achieved by controlling the osmotic pressure difference between the solutions on both sides of the forward osmosis membrane, no heat source or strong external pressure is introduced, and the main nutrient content and nutrient ratio of the target solution are maintained. Compared with a reverse osmosis membrane concentration and a freeze concentration, the forward osmosis membrane concentration can greatly increase the concentration multiple of the dairy product, reduce the unit energy consumption, save the running cost. The scaled treatment of dairy product concentration is realized, and the microbial indicators, physical and chemical indicators and nutritional indicators of concentrated dairy products can meet the requirements of relevant standards.

The invention belongs to the technical field of computer software informatization, and discloses a computer-based feed formula data optimization processing system and method, and the optimization processing system comprises a nutrition index selection module, a nutrition index simplification processing module, a mathematical model establishment module, a basic data database module and a planning solving module. The optimization method comprises the following steps: determining nutrients required to be considered by formula optimization design and the nutrition required amount of the nutrients;simplifying the nutritional indexes to obtain main nutrients in the feed raw materials and content basic data of the main nutrients; converting an actual problem into a mathematical language represented by a decision variable, a target function and a constraint condition, then converting the constraint condition into a computer language by writing a program, and solving an optimal solution through computer operation; obtaining an optimal formulation.

The invention provides milk powder capable of increasing the survival rate of young pets, which comprises, 65-80 parts by weight of emulsifiable powder, 5-20 parts by weight of colostrum powder, 1-20 parts by weight of whey protein powder, 1-5 parts by weight of yolk powder, 1-10 parts by weight of maltodextrin, 1-5 parts by weight of glucose, 1-5 parts by weight of prebiotics, 0.5-1 part by weight of probiotics, 1-2 parts by weight of a plant and extract composition and the balance of a nutrient supplement, totaling 100 parts. The plant composition comprises rhizoma atractylodis, ligusticum wallichii, astragalus membranaceus, Chinese yam, bighead atractylodes rhizome, angelica sinensis, liquorice or extracts of the components. The obtained product is closer to the nutritional index of breast milk, and the problem that young pets die due to insufficient milk or poor maternal property of female pets is solved. In addition, the product also has a good effect on nutrition supply to weaned young pets and postpartum and postoperative pets.