The invention relates to the technical field of biological
information analysis, and discloses an aquatic
organism community analysis method and device based on
environmental DNA, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining an
annotation file corresponding to a to-be-analyzed sample, the to-be-analyzed sample comprising a
water body sample collected from a target area; obtaining an environment
DNA database of a pre-constructed target area; the environment
DNA database comprises hierarchical information and
gene information of different species and different functional character information corresponding to different species; on the basis of the
annotation file and the environment
DNA database,
diversity analysis is conducted on the
aquatic organisms in the target area, and diversity comprises
species diversity,
functional diversity and
gene diversity. According to the method, the
annotation file and the pre-constructed environment
DNA database are combined, so that the diversity of
aquatic organisms in the target area can be comprehensively, quickly and accurately evaluated, and not only is the diversity of the
species level, but also the diversity of the functional traits and the
gene level is covered.