457 results about "Bottom water" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir energy development, and discloses a three-dimensional injection and production well pattern construction method based on a multi-objective algorithm. The problem that the delimited potential area is difficult to effectively use due to the fact that existing potential evaluation is only based on a single index is effectively solved. Comprising the steps that a fault inner core, a fault outer core, a fracture development dense zone and a secondary fracture zone are proposed; carrying out inter-well connectivity analysis on the oil reservoir units by utilizing an oil reservoir engineering method and a numerical simulation streamline method; based on the embedded discrete fracture model, analyzing a remaining oil distribution mode under the control of the nuclear band structure; a multi-parameter comprehensive evaluation system is constructed by combining the remaining oil utilization potential, the displacement power, the flow capacity, the connectivity relation and the reserve abundance; a three-dimensional injection-production well pattern construction technology is formed for an oil reservoir with or without bottom water; based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm, three-dimensional collaborative optimization of the recovery ratio, the well control reserves and the net present value is taken as a core, and a high-efficiency well location deployment technology for different fault zones is constructed.

The invention discloses a method for estimating the storage capacity of water in a shielded pit-pond, and the method comprises the steps: extracting a pattern spot of a target pit-pond and determining the area of the pattern spot according to a remote sensing image of a target region, and determining the remote sensing extraction water surface area and the remote sensing extraction vegetation area of the target pit-pond; extracting a water surface area at least based on remote sensing, and determining the shielding degree of the target pond; according to the pattern spot area, the pond ridge area, the remote sensing extraction water surface area, the remote sensing extraction vegetation area and the shielding degree, the target pit pond water surface area is determined; extracting an outer edge line based on the pond ridge area; determining the water depth of the target pit pond according to the shielding degree; according to the water depth and the bottom surface range of the target pit pond, determining a pit pond bottom surface water depth model; constructing a pit-pond water depth model by taking the water depth of the outer edge line as zero and the pit-pond bottom surface water depth model as constraint conditions; based on the target pit-pond water surface area and the pit-pond water depth model, the pit-pond water storage amount is determined. According to the invention, the estimation precision of the storage volume of the sheltered pond water can be improved.

The invention discloses an optimal reservoir building horizon site selection method for a multi-layer water-bearing gas reservoir underground gas storage. The method comprises the following steps: performing reservoir feature evaluation on each layer in a target gas reservoir; analyzing a reservoir cover system by utilizing the relationship between the lithologic configuration relationship of two sides of the fault and the fault mud ratio, and evaluating the change of a three-dimensional stress field under the injection-production pressure disturbance; from the perspective of production dynamics, historical data of a target gas reservoir are researched for productivity analysis, the water invasion amount and the gas-water ratio are calculated layer by layer, fine description and quantitative characterization are performed on the water invasion dynamics, and the gas-water distribution and migration conditions are determined; and finally, carrying out comprehensive evaluation, and selecting an optimal library building horizon. From two aspects of reservoir geologic characteristics and production dynamics, quantitative analysis and evaluation are carried out on all layers and small layers of the target gas reservoir, then the optimal target layer position can be relatively accurately selected, the reservoir building operation effect is good, the oil ring damage degree is small, and bottom water invasion can be effectively blocked.

The invention discloses a residual oil quantitative evaluation method and device, a medium and computing equipment. The method comprises the steps that a ship bottom type remaining oil distribution mode of the homogeneous thin layer bottom water reservoir is determined; obtaining the strong water flooding radius under various bottom water thicknesses in the double-high development stage; obtaining quantitative expressions of remaining oil enrichment areas under various bottom water thicknesses; and obtaining the weak water flooding thickness H of each position of the oil reservoir. The residual oil quantitative evaluation method comprises the following steps: establishing a standard model under different bottom water thicknesses by acquiring strong water flooding radiuses under various bottom water thicknesses in a double-high development stage, and determining a classified bottom water reservoir mixed source displacement mode; aiming at the difficulty in shaping and quantitative description of'ship bottom type 'residual oil, positioning of a potential enrichment area is carried out based on water logging interpretation of a passing well, and rapid quantitative expression of the residual potential area is realized by acquiring quantitative expressions of the residual oil enrichment area under various bottom water thicknesses, so that a reliable basis is provided for accurate potential tapping of residual oil in a double-high stage; and the process is simple and efficient.

The present invention relates to the field of waterway monitoring technology, and specifically, to a real-time monitoring method and system for water depth of a port waterway. It includes: S1, selecting a monitoring point in the waterway, installing an intelligent buoy for monitoring waterway data at the monitoring point, the intelligent buoy is used to monitor waterway data, and deploying an acoustic Doppler current profiler to monitor the bottom flow velocity; S2, collecting waterway data collected by a sonar system and an acoustic Doppler current profiler; S3, constructing a waterway sedimentation model, and combining the real-time waterway data after preprocessing, introducing a time-dependent function, and correcting the measurement error of the real-time water depth data caused by silt silting; S4, based on the above steps S1-S3, constructing a network including multiple monitoring points to form a three-dimensional monitoring system for the waterway. By establishing a preliminary waterway sedimentation model of sedimentation rate and average bottom flow velocity, and introducing a time-dependent function and terrain factors, the prediction accuracy of future water depth changes in the waterway is improved.

The utility model relates to a river, lake and channel bottom water body ecological management device which comprises a lower box body which sinks underwater and is close to the water bottom and an upper box body which is provided with an open top end, is half-submerged in the water and emerges from the water surface, and the upper box body and the lower box body are connected through a telescopic communicating pipe; an upper hollow box is arranged around the outlet of the communicating pipe in the upper box body, the water surface of the water body in the upper box body and the water surface of the water body outside the upper box body are mutually isolated, and the bottoms are communicated; a lower hollow box for adjusting the depth from the lower box body to the water bottom is arranged around the inlet of the communicating pipe in the lower box body; the upper box body and the lower box body are provided with facilities which are prevented from being washed away by water flow. According to the device, the method and the design method, sediments at the bottom of a water body are continuously conveyed to the surface layer of the water body under the action of water surface evaporation and plant transpiration by using an upper box body and a lower box body which are provided with communicating pipes without any manual or mechanical action, so that nutrients are provided for aquatic plants planted in the upper box body, and the water environment of rivers and lakes is improved.

The invention discloses an offshore early warning threshold determination method for abnormal waves caused by land frame waves, and belongs to the technical field of marine disaster risk management, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining bottom water flow pressure data collected by a preset seabed pressure sensor array, and sea surface micro-deformation data of satellite remote sensing; reverse deduction is carried out according to the bottom water flow pressure data and the sea surface micro-deformation data, and a land frame wave three-dimensional energy field is reconstructed; carrying out coupling calculation by utilizing the land frame wave three-dimensional energy field to generate dynamic energy coupling parameters; and outputting an abnormal wave early warning signal according to the dynamic energy coupling parameter and a preset dynamic early warning threshold. According to the method, the three-dimensional energy field is reconstructed through the multi-source monitoring data, the terrain and tide dynamic coupling calculation is fused, the adaptive early warning threshold decision is realized based on the energy focusing characteristics, and the accuracy and timeliness of offshore engineering disaster prevention can be remarkably improved.

The invention relates to an upwelling circulating water culture system for high-density culture of abalone larvae and a use method. Relates to the technical field of abalone recirculating aquaculture. Comprising a circulating water system, a breeding barrel, an electric one-way check valve, an electric adjusting valve and a drain valve, a water outlet of the circulating water system is connected with a water inlet of the breeding barrel through a water inlet pipeline sequentially provided with the electric one-way check valve and the electric adjusting valve, and a water outlet of the breeding barrel is connected with the water inlet end of the circulating water system through a water return pipe. A water outlet branch is arranged between the electric one-way check valve and the breeding cylinder, and the drain valve is arranged on the water outlet branch. Based on the characteristics of abalone larva culture, a three-dimensional culture system with bottom water rising flow is designed, meanwhile, the water flow direction is controlled to rise in a one-way mode through the water pump and the electric one-way check valve, high-density accumulation and adhesion of fertilized eggs in local areas in the pond are reduced, the metamorphosis rate of abalone larvae subjected to abalone larva circulating water culture is greatly increased, and the survival rate of abalone larvae is increased. And high-density accumulation of fertilized eggs in a local space is avoided.

The utility model discloses a pond oxygenation temperature adjusting device which comprises a stable conveying device, a conveying pipeline and a pumping device, the stable conveying device is connected with the pumping device through the pumping device, and the stable conveying device is arranged below the pumping device. The stable conveying device is used for sucking pond bottom water; the conveying pipeline is used for controlling the depth of the stable conveying device in the pond; the pumping device is used for placing a water suction pump and sucking pond water; the utility model provides the oxygenation and temperature regulation equipment for the pond, which is simple in structure, reasonable in design and capable of adapting to different depths and areas with different sizes.

The utility model discloses an ecological pond filtering system, which relates to the field of pond filtering and comprises a water collecting unit, a sediment filtering unit, a sterilization bin and a circulating water pump, the water collecting unit comprises a surface water pipe and a bottom water pipe, and one end of the surface water pipe and one end of the bottom water pipe are respectively communicated with the surface and the bottom of a pond. In actual operation, water sources on the surface of the pond and at the bottom end of the pond can be input into the precipitation bin by starting the circulating water pump, the surface water pipe and the bottom water pipe, fish manure and impurities at the bottom of the pond and aquatic plants or impurities floating on the water surface can be conveniently absorbed, and the water quality of the pond is improved. Impurities of a water source can be filtered through the rotary drum filter, the cleanliness of the water source is improved, the filtered water source enters the sterilization bin, the water source is sterilized and disinfected through the matrix type ultraviolet generator, and finally the water source is output into the pond to complete circulation of the water source.

The invention discloses a near-loose aquifer water-preserved coal mining method. The method comprises the steps that S1, the position of a working face and coordinates of a ground area are determined; s2, determining overlying strata structure characteristics of the mining working face and the positions of all aquifers through hydrogeological exploration; s3, the height H1 of the working face mining water flowing fractured zone is calculated; s4, the thickness delta H needing water pumping and draining treatment is determined; s5, ground drainage drill holes are arranged, and water is pumped out of a bottom water-bearing stratum of the S6, ground recharge well arrangement and middle aquifer recharge are conducted, and the double functions of protecting water resources of the loose aquifer and liberating coal resources near the loose aquifer are achieved; underground water resources are prevented from being damaged, and water resources are effectively protected and reasonably utilized.

The utility model discloses a bottom water exposure water transfer aerator which comprises an annular floating ball, a motor arranged above the center of the annular floating ball, a water storage barrel fixed below the annular floating ball and a plurality of water guide pipes connected to the side portion of the water storage barrel, the motor is fixed on a motor base, an output shaft of the motor extends downwards into the water storage barrel, and the water guide pipes are connected with the water storage barrel. An impeller is fixed to the end of an output shaft of the motor, and the motor base is fixed to the annular floating ball through a plurality of connecting rods. According to the utility model, the annular floating ball is adopted to replace a conventional three-spherical floating ball structure, so that the assembly precision can be improved, the assembly difficulty can be reduced, the assembly can be completed without professional technicians, and a good use effect can be generated.

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses an anti-clogging and anti-freezing bidirectional-flow vertical-flow constructed wetland system which comprises a treatment unit formed by taking a plurality of constructed wetland pool bodies arranged in sequence as a basis, and a water inlet end and a water outlet end are respectively arranged at two ends of each constructed wetland pool body; water inlets are formed in the upper portion and the bottom of the water inlet end, a water outlet and an overflow port are formed in the upper portion and the bottom of the water outlet end respectively, a water inlet pipe and a water distribution pipe network are arranged on the upper portion and the bottom of the water inlet end, a bottom water outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water outlet end, a water outlet adjusting dam is arranged on the upper portion of the water outlet end, and the overflow port is formed in the upper portion of the water outlet adjusting dam. According to the invention, a bidirectional flow operation mode of downward flow in spring and summer and upward flow in autumn and winter is adopted, so that the purpose of preventing the packing layer of the constructed wetland from freezing by utilizing the temperature in tail water is achieved on the premise of not adding an anti-freezing moisturizing layer, and meanwhile, the purpose of preventing the packing layer from being blocked by backwashing is also achieved.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: the water area bottom layer water quality accurate collector comprises a floating disc, the lower end surface of the floating disc is detachably connected with a sampling barrel, and the floating disc is connected with the upper end surface of the sampling barrel through a winder; a storage space is formed in the sampling barrel, a lifting plate is vertically and slidably connected in the storage space, the lifting plate performs lifting control through a driving threaded rod rotationally connected in the sampling barrel, water inlet rubber blocks are arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the sampling space, and water inlet gaps penetrating through the outer wall of the sampling space are formed in the water inlet rubber blocks respectively.

The invention discloses a method and a system for regulating and controlling the underflow position of rainstorm runoff entering a stratified reservoir, and relates to the field of reservoir flood season management. When the water temperature of the surface layer of the reservoir exceeds the preset range of the water temperature of the bottom layer of the reservoir, starting a forced mixing system arranged in the reservoir, mixing upper and lower layers of water in the reservoir and breaking water layering so as to change the thermal layering structure of the water in the reservoir and enable the temperature difference between the water temperature of the bottom layer of the reservoir and the water temperature of the surface layer of the reservoir to be within the preset range; the reservoir runoff turbidity of the rainstorm runoff is obtained in real time, when the reservoir runoff turbidity is larger than or equal to a preset value, the forced mixing system is closed so as to stop the action of mixing upper-layer water and lower-layer water in the reservoir, the reservoir runoff enters the reservoir in a bottom-layer underflow mode, and a flood discharge opening formed in the bottom of the reservoir is opened so that the rainstorm runoff can be discharged out of the reservoir.

The invention discloses an underwater pore medium stratum bubble size calculation method, and relates to the technical field of underwater pore medium stratum geophysical exploration, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining rock physical parameters of an underwater stratum to be detected; s2, a sound wave transmitting transducer and a receiver are deployed at a point to be measured, the sound wave transmitting transducer transmits a set signal to determine a measurement frequency range, and the receiver records a sound wave speed and an attenuation coefficient of each frequency point; s3, judging whether adjacent frequency points meeting the requirements of sound wave speed reduction and attenuation coefficient increase exist or not, and if yes, re-measuring and extracting the sound wave speed and attenuation coefficient corresponding to the bubble resonance characteristics; otherwise, recording the bubble-free characteristic times, and if the times do not reach the threshold value, continuing to adjust the number of the frequency points and returning to the step 2; s4, constructing a target function; and S5, under the condition that the angular frequency and the sound wave speed are known, solving the independent variable, the bubble radius and the bubble saturation which enable the objective function to be minimum, and determining the final bubble size and saturation.

The utility model provides a water-permeable formwork system suitable for underwater mass concrete pouring. The water-permeable formwork system comprises a water-permeable formwork framework, a steel wire mesh and a tie bar supporting assembly. The permeable formwork framework comprises a three-face bottom water-passing steel reinforcement framework formwork composed of three side faces and a bottom face. The steel wire mesh is laid on the three side faces and the bottom face and fixed to the three side faces and the bottom face. The tie bar supporting assembly comprises a plurality of diagonal tie bars used for connecting the bottom face and the side faces, and a locally-stable triangular rigid connection structure is formed. The permeable formwork system suitable for underwater mass concrete pouring has the advantages that the construction difficulty is reduced, the safety is improved, the adaptability is higher, the forming quality is better, and the cost is lower.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an energy-saving temperature-control aquaculture system which comprises net cage single bodies, a waterproof fence, a water inlet device and a water outlet device. The peripheral edge of the first net cage group is fixedly connected with a water-proof fence to form a semi-closed space which is water-permeable up and down and water-proof at the periphery; wherein a water diversion well vertically extending to the water bottom direction is arranged in the first net cage group, and the water inlet equipment is arranged at the preset position of the water diversion well and used for guiding water at the preset position of the water diversion well upwards and discharging the water into the breeding layer; the water outlet device is arranged at the position where the first net cage set is connected with an external water body and opposite to the water inlet device. According to the energy-saving temperature-control aquaculture system, bottom water with low water temperature is introduced into the surface layer through the water pushing type water inlet equipment in the water diversion well, so that the vertical movement of the water body is realized, and the balance of the water temperature of the aquaculture water body is achieved with the lowest energy consumption.

The invention provides a device and a method for purifying culture circulating water in a higher-place pond, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the culture circulating water and residual feed and excrement in the higher-place pond flow out from a sewage draining exit at the center of the pond bottom, and gradually flow into a self-settling filter well through a water inlet at the bottom of the well; aquaculture circulating water is filtered by an immersion filtering device in the well and overflows out of the well, and residual feed and excrement settle to the bottom of the well and then are discharged through a shrimp shell excrement drain outlet; the breeding circulating water overflowing out of the well flows through a hypochlorous acid oxidation device to be disinfected; the culture circulating water treated by the hypochlorous acid oxidation device flows into an aeration dechlorination tank to remove harmful gas; the culture circulating water treated by the aeration dechlorination tank flows into the ecological tank, so that the contents of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water are reduced; and the culture circulating water treated by the ecological pond is pumped into the higher-place pond through a reflux pump. The system is efficient, energy-saving, small in occupied area, high in automation degree and capable of improving the water quality management efficiency and stability of higher-place pond culture circulating water.

A method and apparatus for removing a layer of sediment which has settled on the bottom of a large water body includes using a structural frame configured to contain a bottom water flow and for containing liquid and suspended particles dispersed during removal of bottom sediment in a suctioning area that is at least about 3 square feet, up to and including 8 square feet, that has support elements and / or silt containing elements, with a plurality of supporting wheels. A sediment removing vacuum unit is operably associated with the structural frame to conduct suctioned bottom water flow through suction lines to a filtering station outside of the water body, such that the water can then be returned to the large water body.

The application discloses a deep-sea mining system bunker device with water inlet at the bottom, and relates to the field of deep-sea mining.The technical scheme of the application comprises a bunker room;the lower part of the inner wall of the bunker room is a conical surface structure with a large upper part and a small lower part;the top of the bunker room is vertically provided with a riser pipe, the lower end of the riser pipe extends to the inside of the bunker room, the upper end of the riser pipe extends to the upper part of the bunker room and is connected with a storage room;the top of the bunker room is provided with a feeding opening, the feeding opening is located at one side of the riser pipe, the feeding opening is connected with a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe is provided with a first valve and a second valve, and a storage space is arranged between the first valve and the second valve;the bottom of the bunker room is provided with a lower bunker opening corresponding to the riser pipe, the lower bunker opening is connected with a transition pipe, and the lower part of the transition pipe is connected with a water outlet and a water inlet.The application can conveniently add minerals into the bunker room, and the minerals will not flow out during the injection process, the lower part of the conical surface structure of the inner wall of the bunker room can make the mineral particles gather in the lower bunker opening, and the upward water flow can easily lift the mineral particles.

The invention relates to a water invasion volume quantitative identification method based on a semi-ellipsoid radial seepage model, and belongs to the technical field of oil reservoir engineering. The method comprises the following specific steps that dimensionless time tD and pressure increment delta pj of an oil well are calculated; calculating dynamic reserves without water invasion according to the dynamic data of the oil well and a flowing substance balance equation; calculating a water invasion coefficient; the water invasion volume is obtained. The invention relates to a novel method for calculating invasion volumes of different types of water bodies invaded into an oil reservoir by radial flow edge and bottom water by utilizing a semi-ellipsoid geometric model of a Van Everdex-Hust equation principle, which can solve the problem of quantification of the invasion volumes of the water bodies at any moment in the water invasion process of the edge and bottom water oil reservoir. The influence of unstable seepage on the water invasion process is considered, the basic law of fluid flowing in the water invasion process is met, meanwhile, the water invasion coefficient calculation method which does not need to estimate the size of an oil reservoir is provided, and the overall error is small.

This invention relates to the field of natural gas development and discloses a method, apparatus, storage medium, and processor for predicting the production of bottom-water gas reservoirs. The method includes: training a model based on a training set of production data from the bottom-water gas reservoir to obtain a first long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model; optimizing hyperparameters based on a validation set to obtain a second LTM neural network model and a corresponding first error; testing the model based on a test set to obtain a corresponding second error; determining the generalization degree based on the first and second errors, and using the second LTM neural network model with a generalization degree meeting preset requirements as the target bottom-water gas reservoir production prediction model; and predicting the production of the bottom-water gas reservoir based on the target bottom-water gas reservoir production prediction model. This method captures long-term dependencies in time-series data using a LTM neural network, which can significantly improve the accuracy of bottom-water gas reservoir production prediction, thereby providing reliable support for oil and gas exploration and production decisions.

This disclosure relates to the field of petroleum exploration and development technology, and in particular to a method and system for determining bottom water intrusion characteristics. The method includes: determining the water permeability and the correlation coefficients between the matrix and fractures in a target block of a fractured sandstone gas reservoir; establishing and solving a mathematical model for cylindrical bottom water intrusion in a single well of the fractured sandstone gas reservoir based on the determined water permeability and the correlation coefficients between the matrix and fractures, obtaining a pressure function representing the difference between the original water pressure and the pressure at any point within the gas reservoir; using the obtained pressure function, determining the dimensionless bottom water intrusion volume; and determining the cylindrical bottom water intrusion characteristics of the dimensionless bottom water intrusion volume with respect to dimensionless time based on the determined dimensionless bottom water intrusion volume. By establishing a mathematical model of bottom water intrusion and calculating the cumulative water intrusion volume, the bottom water intrusion characteristics are determined, enabling an understanding of the entire dynamic process of bottom water intrusion in the reservoir.

The utility model discloses a multi-step high slope torrent groove device which comprises a slope, a plurality of gullies are arranged from the upper portion to the middle portion of the slope, the upper end of the torrent groove is connected with the gullies, the lower portion of the torrent groove is arranged above a slope bottom road, the torrent groove comprises an end water guide groove, and the end water guide groove is arranged at the uppermost end of the torrent groove and connected with the gullies. The lower portions of the end water guiding grooves are connected with oblique water guiding grooves, the lower portions of the oblique water guiding grooves are connected with horizontal water guiding grooves, the oblique water guiding grooves are formed in the lower ends of the horizontal water guiding grooves, the oblique water guiding grooves and the horizontal water guiding grooves are provided with multiple sections, and the oblique water guiding groove at the lowest end is connected with the bottom water guiding groove. And the bottom gutter is arranged beside a slope bottom road and is connected with a roadside drainage system. By arranging the torrent groove, the problem of gully drainage is effectively solved, the erosion of water flow to the slope is greatly reduced, the slope soil body structure is stabilized, the disaster risks such as landslide are reduced, and the slope safety is powerfully guaranteed.

The invention discloses a water body-sediment pesticide in-situ synchronous monitoring device, and relates to the technical field of monitoring devices.The water body-sediment pesticide in-situ synchronous monitoring device comprises a floating body platform with a through hole formed in the middle, a sediment sampling assembly is arranged at the position of the through hole in the floating body platform, and a supporting frame is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the floating body platform; a water sampling component is mounted on the right side of the upper surface of the floating platform; the water body sampling assembly comprises at least three groups of second water pumps, the input ends of the three groups of second water pumps are fixedly connected with third connecting pipes, the lengths of the three third connecting pipes are different, a bracket is fixedly connected to the right front side of the upper surface of the supporting frame, and three groups of fourth connecting pipes are clamped in the bracket; the lower ends of the three fourth connecting pipes are fixedly connected with the output ends of the three second water pumps through flanges correspondingly. The device has the advantages that surface, middle and bottom water bodies are respectively collected through three groups of third connecting pipes with different lengths, and multi-dimensional data in the vertical direction are covered, so that one-sidedness of a single depth is avoided.

The invention provides a method for quickly evaluating and treating the water diversion safety of the overburden in the working face mining. In the treatment method, before the working face is mined, a waterproof curtain is constructed along the boundary of the surface subsidence range. The waterproof curtain extends from the surface to the bottom waterproof layer, so that in the vertical projection direction, the bottom aquifer within the surface subsidence range is completely enclosed by the waterproof curtain, so that the water inside and outside the waterproof curtain does not interfere with each other, thereby reducing the amount of water that affects the mining of the working face. At the same time, multiple water level and crack monitoring components are arranged. During the mining process of the working face 1, the water level in the waterproof curtain and the cracks caused by the sinking of the bottom waterproof layer are monitored in real time through the water level and crack monitoring components, and corresponding treatment measures are taken according to the corresponding situation; the waterproof curtain, grouting operation and pumping operation work together to achieve the effect of no water storage in the waterproof curtain, while also greatly reducing the construction cost, improving the construction efficiency, and protecting the ecological environment.

The utility model discloses a grouting experiment platform for simulating a complex surrounding rock environment of a tunnel, which comprises a cubic model box body formed by welding a plurality of independent steel plates, a front / rear side plate of the cubic model box body is provided with regular through holes and is externally connected with a water storage tank, and the water storage tank regulates and controls dynamic water pressure through a bottom water outlet and an external water pressure supply system; a detachable cover plate and a ground stress simulation system are arranged at the top of the model box body, the ground stress simulation system comprises a portal frame, a hydraulic jack and a bearing plate, and stratum stress is reproduced through hydraulic loading and pressure monitoring; the grouting equipment injects grout into the simulation tunnel through the pressure stirring barrel and the grouting guide pipe. The device can accurately simulate a seepage field and a stress field of a complex surrounding rock, and is used for analyzing a grouting liquid diffusion rule in a laboratory, optimizing grouting parameters and reducing site construction risks.

This invention provides granular materials for environmental improvement that, after being introduced into a body of water, initially float to promote the attachment and dispersal of microorganisms, and then naturally sink to improve the bottom sediment. [Solution] This granular material is formed by mixing a base material containing iron powder and carbon powder with a lightweight porous material derived from plants and then press-molding it. The granular material has a fine void structure inside, and initially floats on the water surface or near the surface due to the buoyancy of the void structure and the lightweight porous material derived from plants. After a certain period of time, as water is absorbed due to the stagnation of the water and the iron powder oxidizes, the specific gravity increases and the material sinks. Without using any special power or equipment, it can gradually achieve both "diffusion and microbial attachment in the surface layer" and "improvement of water and sediment quality in the bottom layer" simply by being added. Furthermore, by using recycled materials such as used hand warmers as the base material, it is possible to provide a resource-recycling material with a low environmental impact.

The present invention discloses a microphysical model, experimental device, and method for simulating bottom-water reservoirs. The microphysical model is made of a transparent material. The microphysical model includes an oil-bearing characteristic area and a bottom-water characteristic area. The oil-bearing characteristic area and the bottom-water characteristic area are located in the same plane, arranged adjacent to each other, and interconnected. A first injection channel is provided at the end of the bottom-water characteristic area away from the oil-bearing characteristic area, an output channel is provided at the end of the oil-bearing characteristic area away from the bottom-water characteristic area, and second and third injection channels are provided on either side of the oil-bearing characteristic area. The present invention can simulate the development process of strong bottom-water reservoirs under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions and clarify the mechanisms for enhancing oil recovery in bottom-water reservoirs, such as gas flooding and chemical flooding.