1352results about "Emergency protection arrangements" patented technology

A control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) for use in a nuclear reactor, the CRDM comprising: a connecting rod connected with at least one control rod; a lead screw; a drive mechanism configured to linearly translate the lead screw; an electromagnet coil assembly; and a latching assembly that latches the connecting rod to the lead screw responsive to energizing the electromagnet coil assembly and unlatches the connecting rod from the lead screw responsive to deenergizing the electromagnet coil assembly. The latching assembly is secured with and linearly translates with the lead screw, while the electromagnet coil assembly does not move with the lead screw. The electromagnet coil assembly is at least coextensive with a linear translation stroke over which the drive mechanism is configured to linearly translate the lead screw.

An automotive air conditioning system has a primary hot water circuit 11 located on a side where a vehicle installed heat generator 10 is located and a secondary hot water circuit 13 which includes a hot water type heater core 12 for heating passenger compartment outlet air, whereby when in a heating mode, in the event that a coolant temperature TW1 of the primary hot water circuit is lower than a coolant temperature TW2 of the secondary hot water circuit 13, an opening and closing valve 26 is closed, whereas an opening and closing valve 23 is opened, so that a state is created in which the hot water circuits 11, 13 are separated from each other. On the other hand, in the event that the coolant temperature TW1 of the primary hot water circuit becomes higher than the coolant temperature TW2 of the secondary hot water circuit 13, the opening and closing valve 26 is opened, whereas the opening and closing valve 23 is closed, so that a state is created in which the hot water circuits 11, 13 are connected to each other.

A containment vessel includes a primary containment vessel containing a reactor pressure vessel, an upper secondary containment vessel arranged above the primary containment vessel, and a gas-phase vent pipe linking the primary containment vessel and the upper secondary containment vessel by way of an isolation and connection switching system. The gas-phase vent pipe may be arranged either inside or outside the primary containment vessel and the upper secondary containment vessel. Alternatively, it may be embedded in the wall. An igniter may be arranged in the upper secondary containment vessel. The air in the upper secondary containment vessel may be replaced by nitrogen. A gravity-driven flooding system pool may be arranged in the upper secondary containment vessel and cooling water may be led from the inside of the pool to the inside of the primary containment vessel.

A power module assembly includes a reactor core immersed in a coolant and a reactor vessel housing the coolant and the reactor core. An internal dry containment vessel submerged in liquid substantially surrounds the reactor vessel in a gaseous environment. During an over-pressurization event the reactor vessel is configured to release the coolant into the containment vessel and remove a decay heat of the reactor core through condensation of the coolant on an inner surface of the containment vessel.

A power module assembly includes a reactor vessel containing a reactor core surrounded by a primary coolant. A containment vessel is adapted to be submerged in a containment cooling pool and to prohibit a release of the primary coolant outside of the containment vessel. A secondary cooling system is configured to remove heat generated by the reactor core. The heat is removed by circulating liquid from the containment cooling pool through the primary coolant.

The invention belongs to a containment cooling system, in particular, to a high-capacity and fully passive containment cooling system. The containment cooling system is used for collecting thermotechnical parameters related to the containment by using a sensor and tracking a cooling process; a plurality of storage boxes for storing different coolants is arranged above the containment; the dynamic control of containment cooling power can be realized by choosing the types of the coolants and adjusting the flows of the coolants; and by using a generalized passive control unit, the start-up and the whole running process of the containment cooling system can be completely independent on external power supply, thus the containment cooling system has a characteristic of fully passiveness.

A system includes a containment vessel configured to prohibit a release of a coolant, and a reactor vessel mounted inside the containment vessel. An outer surface of the reactor vessel is exposed to below atmospheric pressure, wherein substantially all gases are evacuated from within the containment vessel.

A passive safety system includes a containment, a reactor in the containment, a plurality of safety injection tanks connected with the reactor and having water and nitrogen gas to supply water thereof into the reactor through a safety injection line communicating to the first safety injection line upon a loss of coolant accident, a plurality of core makeup tanks connected with the reactor to supply water thereof into the reactor through a second safety injection line communicating to a safety injection line upon the loss of coolant accident, and a plurality of passive residual heat removal systems to remove residual heat from the reactor upon the loss of coolant accident or a non-loss of coolant accident. The water in each of the safety injection tank is stably supplied to the reactor for many hours by a differential head resulting from gravity or gas pressure.

A reactor system including an enclosed pressure relief system and/or a control system. The enclosed pressure relief system including a slurry separation system communicatively coupled with a pressure relief valve coupled to a loop reactor such that activation of the pressure relief valve results in discharge of a slurry from the loop reactor to the slurry separation system, wherein the slurry separation system is capable of separating solid and liquid components from gas components of the slurry and transmitting the gas components to a flare via a flare header.

The invention provides a large-scale passive nuclear plant reactor core catcher with bottom water injection and external cooling. The catcher comprises a reactor cavity coating the lower middle part of a reactor pressure vessel, and a reactor cavity concrete soleplate is formed at the bottom of the reactor cavity; a refractory layer is formed on the side surface of the reactor cavity and the bottom of the reactor cavity concrete soleplate; a steel cylinder is sleeved outside the refractory layer; an external cooling passage is formed at the bottom of the steel cylinder, and a cooling passage inlet and a cooling passage outlet are respectively formed at the two outward-extending ends of the external cooling passage; and dozens of nozzles are fixed at the bottom of the steel cylinder, and the upper ends of the nozzles extend into the reactor cavity concrete soleplate while the lower ends of the nozzles extend into the external cooling passage. According to the invention, the dilution and the temperature reduction of a melt are implemented through the melting of concrete by adopting the reactor cavity concrete soleplate as a sacrificial material. A reactor core melt is collected in the refractory layer after the reactor cavity concrete soleplate is molten through, so that the security and the reliability of a nuclear plant are further improved.

A method and system for reducing stress corrosion cracking in a hot water system, such as a nuclear reactor, by reducing the electrochemical corrosion potential of components exposed to high temperature water within the structure. The method comprises the steps of: providing a reducing species to the high temperature water; and providing a plurality of noble metal nanoparticles having a mean particle size of up to about 100 nm to the high temperature water during operation of the hot water system. The catalytic nanoparticles, which may comprise at least one noble metal, form a colloidal suspension in the high temperature water and provide a catalytic surface on which a reducing species reacts with least one oxidizing species present in the high temperature water. The concentration of the oxidizing species is reduced by reaction with the reducing species on the catalytic surface, thereby reducing the electrochemical corrosion potential of the component.

An assembly includes a base grid configured to be disposed below a pressure vessel and spaced vertically above a floor of a containment vessel to define a sump therebetween. The assembly further includes an annular wall extending vertically upwards from the floor and laterally bounding the base grid and the sump. The wall separates the sump from a suppression pool, an inlet passage extending through the wall and providing flow communication between the sump and the suppression pool, and an outlet passage extending through the wall and providing flow communication between the sump and the suppression pool.

The invention relates to apparatus for positioning and cooling melting lining layer when the melting lining layer flows out of the reactor shell during accident. The improvements of invention are described as following: the design of the cooling lining layer trap which has steel basket shell and arranged in sub-reactor, wherein sacrifice material is filled in the steel basket for diluting the component containing uranium and steel component of the lining layer; the shape (arrangement) of the sacrifice material in reactor core; the choice for optimum number of the sacrifice material; installation of guiding device used for the lining layer flowing into the reactor core trap. Especially, the thickness of bottom of the cooling jacket is larger than the thickness of the side wall thereof for no less than 30%, and the cooling jacket inclines to its center for 10 to 20 degree; the diluent and sacrifice material is made into blocks packed in steel shell.

The invention discloses a large passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant crucible-type reactor core catcher which comprises a reactor cavity concrete bottom plate (4), a crucible cooling system water filling nozzle (6), a crucible cooling system water vapor outlet (7), a crucible component (8), a crucible cooling system cavity (9) and a melt collector (10). The reactor core catcher is organically combined with an interactive voice response (IVR) system, the safety of the nuclear power plant can be further improved, and the reliability of the system is higher due to the crucible design.

The invention provides a large-scale passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant reactor core catcher with a melt expansion room. The large-scale passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant reactor core catcher with the melt expansion room comprises a reactor cavity which coats the middle lower portion of a reactor pressure vessel, a reactor cavity concrete base plate is arranged on the lower portion of the reactor cavity, and a reactor cavity refractory layer is arranged on the lower portion of the reactor cavity concrete base plate. The upper end of a melt release passage is communicated with the reactor cavity refractory layer, and the lower end of the melt release passage is communicated with the melt expansion room. The inner wall of the melt release passage surrounds the refractory layer. An expansion room concrete base plate is arranged on the lower portion of the melt expansion room, an expansion room refractory layer is arranged on the lower portion of the expansion room concrete base plate, and an expansion room outside cooling passage is arranged on the lower portion of the expansion room refractory layer. Two ends of the expansion room outside cooling passage extend outwards and are respectively an outside cooling passage entrance and an outside cooling passage exit. The large-scale passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant reactor core catcher with the melt expansion room is used for successively implementing expansion, retention and cooling of the melt when the a pressure container loses efficacy and can strengthen capacity of relieving severe accidents of the large-scale passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant.

The invention provides a device combining in-core and out-of-core dwelling of a molten material of a large-scale passive nuclear power plant. The device comprises a concrete sacrificial layer (4), a core catcher chamber (7), a core catcher refractory layer (8), a cooling channel inlet (9), a cooling channel outlet (10) and a core catcher bottom cooling channel (11). The invention provides a set of device organically combining molten material out-of-core cooling with an IVR (interactive voice response) system, when IVR succeeds, in-core dwelling of the molten material can be realized; and after the IVR fails, out-of-core dwelling of the molten material is realized by passive cooling of the core catcher bottom cooling channel, and the capability of mitigating severe accidents of the large-scale passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant is further enhanced.

A nuclear power plant with an improved cooling system using nanoparticles in solid or fluid form is provided. The nanoparticles are delivered in locations such as the cold leg accumulator and high and low pressure pumps of an emergency core cooling system. Motor driven valves and pressurization can aid in the delivery. Methods for providing the nanoparticles are also provided.

The invention belongs to a nuclear power station safety system, and in particular relates to a nuclear power station non-active engineering safety system. The system comprises a secondary non-active residual heat removal exchanger, a steam condensation water tank, a non-active reactor cavity water injection system, a non-active high pressure reactor core water supplementing tank and related valves and pipelines. When a nuclear power station is in a design basis accident or a hyper design basis accident, a series of non-active and active safety devices are invested in steps, and a reactor primary circuit and a reactor core are timely, rapidly and effectively cooled, thus a nuclear power station smoothly enters into a safe cold shut-down amplifier state, a reactor disaster consequence is inhibited or alleviated, incident harm is reduced, and the safety of the nuclear power station is improved.

The invention relates to a containment filtering and discharging system. As a shielding plant (11) is arranged outside a containment, a discharging and filtering sub system is arranged in the shielding plant (11), a water washing filter (3) and a metal fiber filter (4) connected with each other in sequence are arranged in the discharging and filtering sub system and the water washing filter (3) is provided with a waste liquid returning pipeline (10), gases discharged by the containment are doubly filtered by the water washing filter (3) and the metal fiber filter (4), and the waste liquid accumulated in the water washing filter (3) self-flows into the containment through the waste liquid returning pipeline (10) under the effect of gravity force. Therefore, according to the invention, serious accidents occurred in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power stations are eased, overpressure failure of the containment is prevented, radioactive substances released to the environment are reduced, safeties of the surrounding environment and personnel are protected, and the safety of the nuclear power stations are greatly improved.

The reactor vessel of a nuclear reactor installation which is suspended from the cold leg nozzles in a reactor cavity is provided with a lower thermal insulating barrier spaced from the reactor vessel that has a hemispherical lower section that increases in volume from the center line of the reactor to the outer extent of the diameter of tiie thermal insulating barrier and smoothly transitions up the side walls of the vessel. The space between the thermal insulating harrier and the reactor vessel forms a chamber which can be flooded with cooling water through passive valving to directly cool the reactor vessel in the event of a severe accident. The passive inlet valve for the cooling water includes a buoyant door that is normally maintained sealed under its own weight and floats open when the cavity is Hooded. Passively opening steam vents are also provided.

A molten salt reactor is described that includes a containment vessel, a reactor core housed within the containment vessel, a neutron reflector spaced from the containment vessel and positioned between the core and the containment vessel, a liquid fuel comprised of a nuclear fission material dissolved in a molten salt enclosed within the core, a plurality of heat transfer pipes, each pipe having a first and a second end, wherein the first end is positioned within the reactor core for absorbing heat from the fuel, a heat exchanger external to the containment vessel for receiving the second end of each heat transfer pipe for transferring heat from the core to the heat exchanger, and at least one and preferably two or more reactor shut down systems, where at least one may be a passive system and at least one or both may be an active or a manually operated system. The liquid fuel in the core is kept within the core and heat pipes are used to carry only the heat from the liquid core to the heat exchanger.

A jet pump diffuser weld repair device includes a lower ring section and an upper ring section respectively sized to fit around a circumference of the diffuser on opposite sides of the weld to be repaired. The lower and upper ring sections are provided with a plurality of aligned gripper slots. A corresponding plurality of grippers are fit into the gripper slots, where at least one of the gripper slots and the grippers defines cam surfaces shaped to drive the grippers radially inward as lower and upper ring sections are drawn toward each other. A plurality of connector bolts are secured between the lower ring section and the upper ring section. Tightening of the connector bolts draws the lower and upper ring sections toward each other.

An auxiliary system for cooling a spent nuclear fuel pool through a submersible heat exchanger to be located within the pool. In each train or installation, a single loop or series of loops of cooling fluid (e.g., sea water or service water) is circulated. The system is modular, readily and easily installed during an emergency and can be self operating with its own power source. Multiple trains may be used in parallel in order to accomplish the required degree of spent fuel pool cooling required.