This invention is a kind of sleeve type evaporation cooling transformer, which is consisted with mandrel, electric coil, oil tank, sleeve, air inletting tube, condenser, liquid returning tube, upper pipe, lower pipe, insulating gas, cooling medium in the bottom of the oil tank, pump and iron core cooling channel. The characteristics are that the electric coil is arranged inside of the sleeve added with cooling medium, the upper side of the sleeve can be covered or not, or setting a blowhole. The upper side of the oil tank is connected with the lower side of the air inletting tube, upper side of the air inletting tube is connected with condenser, the bottom (or the side face) of the condenser is connected with liquid returning tube, lower side of the liquid returning tube is connected with the bottom of the sleeve, cooling medium dripping in the bottom of the oil tank is connected with cooling medium in the liquid returning tube through pump. The oil tank is filled with insulating gas such as SF6 gas, mixture of SF6 gas and N2, substitute of SF6 gas, nitrogen and carbon compound gas.