1127 results about "Hydraulic retention time" patented technology

A method and process for the treatment of wastewater containing phosphorous and nitrogen. The wastewater is first anaerobically treated to produce an anaerobic effluent from which insoluble organic carbon is separated to form a sludge rich in organic carbon that is used as a substrate during anoxic treatment of the wastewater by de-nitrifying phosphorous accumulating organisms (DPAO's) and ordinary de-nitrifying organisms. The separation of insoluble organic carbon is normally conducted using a clarifier located intermediate the anaerobic and anoxic bio-reactors. In one embodiment, the ammonia rich clarifier supernatant is directed to an aerobic reactor for nitrification and the nitrate produced is recycled to the anoxic bio-reactor. The final effluent may be membrane filtered to retain nitrifying biomass within the aerobic bio-reactor. The invention reduces overall hydraulic residence time and sludge volume, which results in a smaller, less expensive wastewater treatment system.

The present invention discloses an Up-flow Multi-stage Anaerobic Reactor (UMAR) used for treatment of medium/high concentration organic wastewater. The stated UMAR with forced internal circulation, improved phase separator and added sludge inlet overcomes the disadvantages of a lower load, a longer hydraulic retention time and a larger dimension in traditional anaerobic reactors. The forced internal circulation increases capacity and cycles of internal circulation thus increased efficiency of contaminant removal. The fast jetting is avoided and efficiency of gas/liquid separation is increased by an improved bending outlet of up flow pipe. The simplified sludge addition and usage are obtained by a sludge inlet. The load of UMAR in this invention can reach about 30 kgCOD/(m³d) for treatment of medium/high concentration of organic wastewater from pulp and paper process and similar wastewater, being about four times of load and capacity of traditional Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) reactors.

The invention discloses a technique of biological treatment for coking wastewater. The filter chamber is composed of a preprocessing part, a biological treatment part and a physical treatment part, wherein the biological treatment part is composed of an anaerobic ceramsite filter chamber, an anoxia ceramsite filter chamber and an aerobic ceramsite filter chamber which are connected in series, spherical ceramsite filtering materials or irregular-shape ceramsite filtering materials are all filled in the anaerobic ceramsite filter chamber, the anoxia ceramsite filter chamber and the aerobic ceramsite filter chamber as biofilm culturing filling and filtrating precoats, the anaerobic ceramsite filter chamber employs an internal reflux mode, a reversed flow mode is employed between the anoxia ceramsite filter chamber and the aerobic ceramsite filter chamber, the precoats in the filter chambers are respectively formed by ceramsite filtering materials with different thickness, the filter chambers employs backwash to exclude accumulated sludge and suspended substance in the filter chambers into flotation tanks of the preprocessing part, the anaerobic ceramsite filter chamber, an anoxia ceramsite filter chamber employs regular water scrubbing to drive macro-gas-bubble in the chambers. Compared with the prior art, the technique has the advantages of prolonging sluicing periodic time, stabilizing operational effect, improving treatment loading, thereby reducing retention time of waterpower, decreasing accommodation area and investment of pile plant.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of anammox granular sludge, and belongs to the field of water treatment. The cultivation method solves the technical problems that the existing high-efficiency anammox granular sludge is difficult to cultivate, and the cultivation time is long. The method comprises the following steps that 1, aerobic granular sludge and anammox seed sludge are simultaneously inoculated into an EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed) reactor; 2, nitrogenous simulated waste water is supplied to the EGSB reactor, the hydraulic retention time is kept for 12h, and concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in intake water are gradually increased until successful start when the synchronous removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen is above 80%; and 3, intake water concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are kept stable, the hydraulic retention time is gradually shortened up to 2.6h when the synchronous removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen is above 80%, and then the cultivation of the anammox granular sludge is completed. With the method, the reactor can be started successfully within about 20 days, and the high-efficiency anammox granular sludge can be obtained within about 89 days.

A starting and running method of a completely autotrophic ammonium removal over nitrite technology belongs to the water environment recovery and regeneration fields. The starting and efficient and stable running method of the completely autotrophic ammonium removal over nitrite (CANON) technology in a biofilter reactor at normal temperature comprises the following steps: inoculating sludge, carrying out filter material film forming under an anaerobic and anoxic condition, starting CANON under an oxygen limited condition, and controlling the hydraulic retention time and the aeration rate in a combined mode to realize the high-load stable running. The CANON technology is started within 61d, the total nitrogen removal load in the 42d running after starting reaches 3.52kg.m<-3>.d<-1>, and the load is an extremely high level in the research field of the CANON technology, so the method has a simple operation, is easy to implement, and can realize the effective and rapid starting and the high-load running of the CANON technology.

The invention relates to a method for quickly starting shortcut nitrification of ammonia-containing wastewater, which comprises the following steps: firstly, putting an inoculums into a bioreactor, adopting an intermittent operation mode, and ensuring that the inflow ammonia nitrogen initial concentration is between 200 and 300mg/L and the pH value is controlled between 7.8 and 8.5; gradually improving the inflow ammonia nitrogen concentration, and changing the intermittent operation mode to a continuous operation mode when the ammonia nitrogen concentration reaches between 400 and 700mg/L; and setting hydraulic retention time of the continuous operation mode to between 14 and 20h, controlling the pH value in a range between 8.2 and 8.5, and gradually improving the wastewater ammonia nitrogen concentration or gradually reducing the dilution multiple of the ammonia-containing wastewater with high concentration under the condition of keeping the nitrogen removal efficiency above 70 percent until the inflow ammonia nitrogen concentration reaches between 800 and 1,200mg/L. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of having not rigorous starting requirement but high starting speed, treating the ammonia-containing wastewater with high concentration and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environment protection and particularly relates to a treatment process of organic wastewater containing high-concentration ammonia nitrogen, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1, carrying out pretreatment; 2, carrying out anaerobic treatment, and leading effluent from a coagulation/air floatation pool to an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, wherein the hydraulic power stays for 40 to 120 hours; and 3, treating in a membrane bioreactor system. Through microanaerobic/aerobic environments on a surface layer, as well as the absorption by a microporous structure and biological oxidation action, various pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater can be removed from wastewater of an ecological base flow, and when the ecological base flow is introduced to a membrane biological reactor (MBR) system, the impact resistance and treatment efficiency of the biological treatment unit can be improved.

A method for treating the wastewater bearing salt of acrylic acid and/or acrylic ester comprises the following steps: A, the wastewater bearing salt of acrylic acid and/or acrylic ester is filtered through a layer of iron filing for pretreatment, with the hydraulic retention time reaching 2.0-5.0 hours; B, alkali is added to the pretreated wastewater to enable the pH value to reach 8-9; C, then, anaerobic granular sludge is added for anaerobic biological treatment; D, aerobic biological treatment is followed; E, the wastewater is then precipitated to get suspended solids removed so as to enable the drainage to reach discharge standards; F, the sludge precipitated in the step E is returned to the step D to rejoin the aerobic biological treatment. The invention enables pretreatment for acrylic acid and acrylic ester wastewater with high salt content (especially with high content of SO42-), as well as formaldehyde and other substances poisoning micro-organisms, so as to reduce the poisoning effect to the follow-up treatment due to vast amount of SO42- and formaldehyde existing in the wastewater, so that the follow-up biological treatment can go on smoothly.

The invention provides a waste water treatment monitoring method based on a fuzzy neural network. According to the method, global search optimization is performed on the weight value and the threshold value of the neural network by applying a neural network structure algorithm and a real number encoding-based genetic algorithm on the basis of inspecting the influences of parameters such as the HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) of an A/O (Anaerobic/Oxic) waste water treatment system, the DO (Dissolved Oxygen) in an aerobic pond and the reflux ratio r of mixed liquid on the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and ammonia nitrogen of effluent water, so that an optimal BP-ANN (Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network) soft measurement model and a GA-ANN (Genetic Algorithm-Artificial Neural Network) soft measurement model are built respectively. An intelligent dissolved oxygen optimization control system scheme based on the soft measurement models is built on the basis, data communication between the MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory) and MCGS (Microwave Command Guidance System) is realized in combination with an OPC (OLE for Process Control) technology, and an intelligent dissolved oxygen optimal control system is applied to dissolved oxygen optimal control in a paper-making waste water A/O technical treating process, so that energy saving and consumption reduction in paper-making waste water A/O treating engineering is realized. By adopting the waste water treatment monitoring method, the stability of the water quality of waste water discharged in the paper making industry can be increased greatly, accurate control is realized, and the chemical drug dosage and power consumption in a waste water treatment process are reduced.

The invention provides an ecological ditch constructing method for controlling nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage and relates to an ecological ditch constructing method for the farmland drainage. The purpose of the invention is to solve technical problems of poor water flushing resistance and low nitrogen and phosphorus intercepting and purifying capacity in the traditional ecological ditch constructing method for controlling nitrogen and phosphorus in the farmland drainage through arranging an ecological interceptor; and the ecological ditch constructing method provided by the invention is carried out in the following steps: first, planting plants on ditch walls and at ditch bottoms; and then arranging PVC pipes with holes at junctions of the ditch walls and the ditch bottoms; and arranging matrix intercept dams capable of replacing matrices at the ditch bottoms. The ecological ditch constructing method provided by the invention has the advantages as follows: without affecting normal drainage, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, excessive water flushing is resisted, and soils in the ditches are uneasy to slip; compared with the traditional ditch, the comprehensive nitrogen and phosphorus purifying capacity of the ecological ditch is enhanced by 6-15 %; the capacity of intercepting and purifying nitrogen and phosphorus is strong; moreover, filled matrix of the matrix dam is solid wastes, so that a purpose of controlling waste by waste is achieved; and the ecological ditch constructing method provided by the invention can be applied to the field of environmental pollution prevention and water and soil conservation.

An apparatus for the fixed-film anaerobic digestion of flushed livestock manure includes an enclosed digester tank (fixed or flexible roof), internal media for biofilm development, a biogas collection and flare system, various pumps, and hydraulic control systems. The preferred media has substantially vertically-oriented, uninterrupted channels to promote enhanced bacterial attachment and biofilm development. The immobilization of microbial biomass within the reactor as a biofilm allows effective treatment of the wastewater at ambient and higher temperatures, as well as reasonable hydraulic retention times. The composition and concentration of bacterial groups in the biofilm developed on the media in the fixed-film digester result in a significantly enhanced anaerobic degradation process. This novel fixed-film digester design expands the potential application of anaerobic digestion to dilute livestock waste with significant levels of suspended solids. This holistic manure treatment system not only stabilizes the wastewater but also produces energy (biogas), controls odors, reduces pathogens, minimizes environmental impact from waste emissions, and maximizes fertilizer and water recovery for reuse.

The invention relates to a synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus-removal domestic sewage treatment process of an integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane. The solid-liquid separation effluent process is completed by a dynamic membrane module. The domestic sewage treatment process comprises the following steps: pumping sewage into a bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, and carrying out biodegradation and removal on pollutants by utilizing a bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed liquor in the device; forming a dynamic membrane on the surface of the dynamic membrane module by the bio-enhancement activated carbon to carry out the solid-liquid separation of the mixed liquor; stirring raw water by a stirrer and sufficiently mixing the raw water with microorganisms in the reaction device of the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly, staying for a period of time and then filtering and discharging water through the dynamic membrane, wherein dissolved oxygen in the mixed liquor is provided by the aeration of an air blower. The invention has simple process and can realize a synchronous nitrification-denitrification nitrogen removal process and a nitrification phosphorus removal process; the structure of the adopted dynamic membrane assembly is stainless steel silk screen and the like, and therefore, the domestic sewage treatment process has low cost and simple control; and the domestic sewage treatment process can rapidly and effectively remove substances in the water, such as organic matter, SS (suspended substances), nitrogen, phosphorus and the like under the condition of low temperature; the hydraulic retention time is short, and thereby, the volume of reaction structures is effectively reduced.

The invention discloses a coupling filler autotrophic denitrification biofilter and application and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. Pyrrhotite, sulfur and a carbon source are utilized to be mixed and coupled according to certain proportion; then the materials are put into a reactor, and the autotrophic denitrification biofilter can be formed after inoculating biofilm formation;sewage flows through the biofilter, and nitrogen and phosphorus in the water are removed. The biofilter disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simpleness, easiness, practicability and shortbiofilm formation time; when the biofilter is utilized to treat nitrogen and phosphorus containing sewage, hydraulic retention time is only 0.5 to 3 h, and yielding water can meet a requirement; furthermore, the biofilter has the advantages of excellent nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect, low cost and suitability for engineering application.

The invention discloses a process method for treating coking wastewater. The process method solves the technical problems that a micro-electrolysis method has hardening, channeling and narrow applicability of a pH range and a biochemical treatment process has long flow, large occupied area, poor impact load resistance and high expense. The method comprises a physical-chemical treatment unit consisting of a micro-electrolysis reactor and a settling tank; in the micro-electrolysis reactor, scrap iron, scrap copper and a lightweight blocky material are used as fillers; the pH of inlet water is between 2.0 and 6.0; the waterpower retention time is between 20 and 60 minutes; the method adopts air aeration; the method also comprises a filtering type inner circulating three-phase fluidized bed reactor biochemical treatment unit, and immobilized activated sludge balls are utilized to realize simultaneous denitrification and decarburization; the pH of inlet water is between 7.2 and 8.5; the concentration of dissolved oxygen is between 2 and 6mg/L; the temperature is between 28 and 32 DEG C; the waterpower retention time is between 20 and 40h; the COD of outlet water reaches secondary standard of integrated wastewater discharge standard; and volatile phenol, ammonia nitrogen and chroma reach primary standard of integrated wastewater discharge standard.

The invention relates to a method for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation treatment of low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater. The method is characterized in that sludge containing anaerobic bacteria is inoculated into an anaerobic traverse baffle reactor under an anaerobic condition; the alkalescent ammonia nitrogen wastewater with 10 to 20mg/L of the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen enters the anaerobic traverse baffle reactor by an inlet water storage bottle, and a constant-current peristaltic pump is used for controlling the hydraulic stay time to be from 24 hours to 48 hours and the reaction temperature to be from 25 DEG C to 30 DEG C; if anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria become dominant flora and both the removal rates of the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen reach 80 percent for 5 days, the anaerobic traverse baffle reactor is successfully started; then, other low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater enters the anaerobic traverse baffle reactor by the inlet water storage bottle, and the hydraulic stay time is controlled to be from 12 hours to 48 hours; and finally, both the removal rates of the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen can reach about 80 percent.

The invention provides a method for cultivating anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge. The method comprises the steps of: mixing and putting two or three kinds of anaerobic methanogenic granular sludge, nitrification aerobic granular sludge and hypoxia denitrification granular sludge into an upflow anaerobic reactor; pumping simulate waste water containing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen to start; keeping the temperature of 25 to 35 DEG C in the reactor and the pH value of 7.5 to 8.0 without dissolved oxygen, and keeping hydraulic detention time of 8 to 24 hours; and stabilizing for a period of time to obtain the anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge from the reactor. The invention has the advantages of having good hydraulic performance and microbial activity of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge cultivated by the method, and greatly improving the operation effectiveness and the operation stability of the reactor.

The invention discloses a rapid culture method of simultaneous desulfidation and denitrogenation granular sludge. The method is characterized in that an upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor is adopted, anaerobic ammoxidation granular sludge and methanogenesis granular sludge are adopted as inoculation sludge, model wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen is adopted as inlet water, and the method comprises the following steps: adding sulfide into the model wastewater, adding inorganic salts and trace elements for maintaining the growth of microbes, gradually improving the concentrations of matrixes in the inlet water and/or shortening the hydraulic retention time in order to adjust the running of the reactor, and culturing under anaerobic and shady conditions at 30-37DEG C under the pH value of the inlet water of 7.5-8.0. The sludge obtained in the invention has the advantages of obvious granularity, strong impact resistance, high processing efficiency, saving of the occupied are through cooperating with a UASB reactor, simplification of the desulfidation and denitrogenation process, and low investment and running cost, and is suitable for treating wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and sulfides of the light industry, the pharmacy industry, the oil refining industry and the leather making industry.

The invention provides a wastewater treatment process of anaerobic ammonia oxidation and sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification coupled denitrification and desulphuration. The process is characterized in that a mixed culture of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans is taken as a main part; in the same reactor, the temperature is controlled between 25-35 DEG C, the pH value of wastewater is adjusted to 7.5-8.0, and the hydraulic retention time is 2.5-10 hours; the concentration of ammonia in the wastewater calculated according to the element N is 40-300mg/L<-1>, the concentration of nitrite in the wastewater calculated according to the element N is 50-390mg/L<-1> and the concentration of sulfide in the wastewater calculated according to the element S is 30-170mg/L<-1>; the concentration ratio of the ammonia to the nitrite calculated according to the element N is 1:1-1.32, and the concentration ratio of the nitrite calculated according to the element S to the ammonia calculated according to the element N is 1:1.54-1.74. The process is a novel wastewater treatment technology for synchronically performing denitrification and desulphuration economically efficiently by using treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another.