The invention provides a method for recovering zinc from high iron and high lead leaching residue through microwave-ultrasonic wave combination, and belongs to the technical field of microwave and ultrasonic wave applications. The method comprises: taking high iron and high lead leaching residue, adding carbon powder, uniformly mixing, carrying out microwave heating to a temperature of 550-950 DEG C, carrying out constant temperature maintaining for 1-3 h, stopping heating, introducing a N2 protection atmosphere, cooling to a temperature of less than 100 DEG C to obtain after-reduction leaching residue, adding the after-reduction leaching residue to an acid liquid, carrying out ultrasonic wave radiation on the mixed solution at a temperature of 45-85 DEG C to carry out enhancement leaching, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a leaching solution, carrying out subsequent purification on the leaching solution, and recovering metal zinc through electrowinning. Compared to the conventional hot acid leaching, the method of the present invention has the following characteristics that: a leaching time is significantly shortened, a leaching acidity and a leaching temperature are reduced, and 90-98% of zinc can be recovered. With the present invention, the difficult problem of low recovery rate of the high lead and high iron system is overcome, the process is simple, the treatment effect is good, zinc and other valuable metals can be efficiently recovered, and problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by stockpiling of a lot of abandoned residue are solved.