742 results about "Cerium oxide" patented technology

The invention discloses an ultra-flexible stretchable dimming film and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of dimming films, and the ultra-flexible stretchable dimming film comprises an upper transparent electrode layer, a dimming function layer and a lower transparent electrode layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a main matrix material / ultraviolet curing resin mixture; 2) assembling the dimming film; and 3) ultraviolet light curing. According to the invention, through surface phosphonic acid functionalization treatment, covalent bond anchoring of cerium oxide nanoparticles is realized on a thermoplastic polyurethane fiber network; by constructing a full-thermoplastic polyurethane material system, the breakthrough of interfacial compatibility between a fiber reinforced phase and a polymer matrix is realized, so that the film has high tensile strain capacity and excellent fatigue resistance on the premise of keeping high transparency.

The invention discloses metallized silver paste for improving sintering dusting of a TOPCon battery, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of solar battery manufacturing, and the technical scheme is that the metallized silver paste comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 72-87% of a metal phase; 3-9% of a glass phase; 8-12% of an organic carrier; 0.1%-0.5% of a polyimide precursor; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of cerium oxide; wherein the polyimide precursor forms a cross-linked network at a high temperature, the cerium oxide is used as a passivation layer protective agent, and lithium borosilicate glass is also added into the glass phase; according to the metalized silver paste for improving the sintering dusting of the TOPCon cell, the preparation method and the application, the dusting rate is reduced by improving and optimizing materials and process parameters, and compared with a traditional process, the efficiency, the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the yield of the solar cell are further improved.

The invention discloses a full-spectrum protective anti-fingerprint resin lens and a preparation method thereof. The full-spectrum protective anti-fingerprint resin lens comprises a functionalized resin base material and a gradient composite functional coating. The base material takes polyurethane acrylate as a matrix, and nano cerium oxide, nano barium titanate and nano tungsten oxide functional particles are uniformly dispersed through in-situ polymerization, so that base material intrinsic protection on ultraviolet rays, harmful blue light and near-infrared light is realized. The gradient coating comprises an adhesion promoting layer, a full-spectrum repairing and protecting layer and an anti-fingerprint layer from inside to outside, a stable composite system is formed through chemical bonding, protection is further reinforced, and the lens is endowed with super-hydrophobic and oleophobic anti-fingerprint characteristics. Through the integrated design of base material modification and coating compounding, the technical problems that an existing lens is single in protection wave band, not lasting in performance and prone to being stained with fingerprints are solved, and meanwhile the lens has high light transmittance, low reflection, excellent wear resistance and impact resistance and excellent comprehensive performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of air power supplies, and relates to modification treatment of an oxide, in particular to a cerium oxide doped transition metal oxide and a preparation method thereof, an air cathode and an air power supply. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving cerium salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt in water, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 9-11, and carrying out a sedimentation reaction to obtain a sediment; and drying the precipitate, and calcining in an air atmosphere at 300 + / -10 DEG C for 2-4 hours to obtain the cerium oxide doped transition metal oxide. The cerium oxide doped transition metal oxide is cerium doped cobalt manganese oxide with a spinel structure, and the doping amount of cerium is 20 + / -1wt%. The cerium oxide doped transition metal oxide provided by the invention is applied to an air cathode as a catalyst, and has good stability and high catalytic activity. The performance of an air power supply containing the oxide is remarkably improved. The method for preparing the oxide provided by the invention is simple and easy to operate, and is suitable for large-scale production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tungsten alloy, and particularly discloses a tungsten alloy electrode material and a preparation method thereof.The tungsten alloy electrode material comprises, by weight, 0.1%-0.2% of lanthanum boride, 0.2%-0.5% of zirconium oxide, 0.2%-0.6% of boron carbide, 0.4%-0.8% of cerium oxide, 0.5%-1.2% of tantalum carbide, 1.4%-1.8% of modified carbon nanotubes and the balance tungsten powder. The lanthanum boride, the zirconium oxide, the boron carbide, the cerium oxide, the tantalum carbide and the modified carbon nanotubes are added into the tungsten powder, under the combined action of the lanthanum boride, the zirconium oxide, the boron carbide, the cerium oxide, the tantalum carbide and the modified carbon nanotubes, the tensile strength and the electrical conductivity are effectively improved, and the high-temperature stability tungsten powder has excellent high-temperature stability and wide application prospects.

The application belongs to the technical field of plastics, and particularly relates to a degradable antibacterial plastic packaging bag and a preparation method thereof. The degradable antibacterial plastic packaging bag comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: polycaprolactone 70-90 parts; polybutylene adipate terephthalate 20-40 parts; Cr and Cu co-modified ZIF-8 5-20 parts; and cerium oxide tannic acid material 2-6 parts. The Cr and Cu co-modified ZIF-8 synergistically improves the antibacterial performance of the packaging bag, and the addition of the cerium oxide tannic acid material further improves the antibacterial performance of the packaging bag. Moreover, the degradable antibacterial plastic packaging bag prepared by the application has excellent mechanical properties.

The invention discloses a graphene aerogel modified elastic graphite material and a preparation method thereof, and the graphene aerogel modified elastic graphite material comprises the following components by mass: 50-80 parts of crystalline flake graphite; 8 to 15 parts of graphene aerogel; 3 to 8 parts of aminated modified boron-doped carbon nanotubes; 2 to 6 parts of hydroxyapatite-cerium oxide composite nano particles; 1 to 4 parts of a polyimide-montmorillonite nano composite material; 0.5 to 3 parts of titanate coupling agent modified nano silicon dioxide; 1-3 parts of a dispersant; 2-5 parts of a binder; the amination modified boron-doped carbon nanotubes can enhance the electrical conductivity and interface bonding force of the material, the hydroxyapatite-cerium oxide composite nanoparticles improve the high-temperature stability and mechanical toughness of the material, and the polyimide-montmorillonite nanocomposite improves the corrosion resistance and resilience durability of the material. And the titanate coupling agent modified nano silicon dioxide further optimizes the dispersion uniformity of all the components, and the comprehensive performance of the material is remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a surface protective film and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of protective films. The surface protection film comprises a surface layer, a core layer and a bonding layer which are arranged in sequence, the surface layer comprises first polypropylene matrix resin, an organic ultraviolet absorbent and an inorganic ultraviolet screening agent; the core layer comprises second polypropylene matrix resin, polyaryletherketone nanofibers and flaky mica powder of which the surface is coated with cerium oxide; the bonding layer comprises a thermoplastic SEBS elastomer, hydrogenated bonding resin, an organic zinc compound, an ultraviolet light stabilizer and a plasticizer containing an epoxy group. The surface protection film has excellent ultraviolet aging resistance and high temperature resistance, the adhesive force can still be kept within a certain range under the conditions of ultraviolet radiation and high temperature, the surface protection film can be easily unwound under the condition of high temperature, and no residual adhesive is separated out.

The invention discloses a gallium-cerium co-doped ITO target material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of transparent conductive oxide ceramic target materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing indium oxide powder raw materials, tin oxide powder raw materials, gallium oxide powder raw materials and cerium oxide powder raw materials in proportion, and performing pretreatment; the raw material powder is subjected to independent ball milling till the raw materials reach the preset particle size; mixing the four kinds of slurry, and continuously performing ball milling to obtain uniform mixed slurry; adding a binder into the mixed slurry, and carrying out ball milling and mixing to form stable formed slurry; carrying out spray granulation on the formed slurry to obtain spherical precursor powder; pressing and forming the precursor powder to obtain a biscuit, then putting the biscuit into a sintering furnace, carrying out stepped sintering in an oxygen atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain the gallium-cerium co-doped ITO target material. According to the gallium-cerium co-doped ITO target material prepared by the method, the relative density is greater than or equal to 99.4%, the resistivity is less than or equal to 99.4%, and the three-point bending strength is greater than or equal to 230MPa.

The invention discloses concrete with anti-freezing performance and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of concrete. The invention aims to solve the problems that the porosity of an interface transition area is high, hydration products are easy to degrade and the anti-freezing and anti-permeation performances are insufficient under the working conditions of high altitude, low air pressure, strong ultraviolet rays and salt-freezing synergy of the existing large-dosage fly ash concrete. The concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 100 to 150 parts of coal ash, 280 to 320 parts of fine aggregate, 1000 to 1200 parts of modified basalt coarse aggregate, 1.5 to 3.5 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.2 to 0.6 part of PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) coated chitosan quaternary ammonium salt microspheres, 0.05 to 0.25 part of chitosan grafted nano cerium oxide composite particles, 1.0 to 3.0 parts of bacillus pseudofirmus microcapsule-polyvinylpyrrolidone mixture and 0.03 to 0.12 part of trisodium citrate. Through the synergistic effect of all the components, the interface structure of the concrete is effectively optimized, the ultraviolet aging resistance, the salt-freezing synergistic damage resistance and the chloride ion infiltration resistance are improved, the high-altitude severe service condition is adapted, and reliable material support is provided for high-altitude infrastructure construction.

The invention provides a spherical nano cerium oxide particle and a preparation method thereof, and a cerium oxide polishing solution and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of cerium oxide particle preparation, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, adding an organic reducing acid into cerium carbonate micro powder to obtain an organic reducing acid cerium solution; s2, adding an organic weak base into the organic reduced acid cerium solution; adding an auxiliary reagent solution, and mixing to obtain a flocculent suspension containing the cerium element; s3, adding an organic modification reagent into the flocculent suspension containing the cerium element, then adding a reaction regulating agent, carrying out a heating reaction, and drying to obtain a crude product of particles containing the cerium element; and S4, carrying out high-temperature calcination on the cerium-element-containing particle crude product to obtain the spherical nano cerium oxide particles. The spherical nano cerium oxide particles prepared by the method are suitable for high-end chemical mechanical polishing liquid of semiconductor substrates or special glass, the preparation method is low in cost and simple in process, and no harmful gas is generated in the production process.

A method for processing a plastic-derived oil may comprise contacting the plastic-derived oil with a catalyst to crack the plastic-derived oil to form a hydrocarbon product. The catalyst may comprise a metal oxide-loaded ZSM-5 zeolite comprising: ZSM-5 particles having a size of less than 100 nm, and one or more metal oxides chosen from iron oxide, lanthanum oxide, and cerium oxide. The one or more metal oxides may be disposed on the ZSM-5 particles.

The application relates to the technical field of electrodes of all-vanadium redox flow batteries, and discloses a composite catalyst modified graphite felt electrode and a preparation method and application thereof, which comprises the following steps: preparing carbon-nitrogen doped cerium oxide; preparing graphite phase carbon nitride; loading the composite catalyst on the graphite felt through an adhesive and carrying out high-temperature calcination to prepare a loaded composite catalyst graphite felt electrode. The graphite phase carbon nitride and the carbon-nitrogen doped cerium oxide are used to modify the graphite felt electrode, the synergistic effect of carbon-nitrogen doping not only improves the electronic conductivity and structural stability of the metal oxide, but also enhances the hydrophilicity, and the voltage efficiency, the discharge capacity and the cycle stability of the vanadium battery are improved.

The invention discloses cerium oxide / piezoelectric material composite nano-enzyme for an antifouling coating as well as a preparation method and application of the cerium oxide / piezoelectric material composite nano-enzyme, and belongs to the technical field of material chemistry and marine protection. The preparation method of the composite nano-enzyme comprises the following steps: dispersing a metal cerium source and a piezoelectric material source in a solvent according to a mass ratio of 1: (1-5), carrying out phase formation and composite treatment, and collecting a solid product after treatment, thereby obtaining the composite nano-enzyme. The composite nano-enzyme can be used for marine antifouling paint to form a functional material system capable of realizing self-driven antifouling by directly utilizing mechanical energy such as ocean waves, vibration and the like. According to the system, mechanical energy is converted into electrochemical energy to drive in-situ generation of H2O2, and Ce < 3 + > / Ce < 4 + > redox cycle is utilized to efficiently convert H2O2 into ROS, so that sustainable antibacterial and anti-biological adhesion effects are achieved, toxic substances are not released, and the system belongs to an environment-friendly protection technology.

The application provides a ceria / yttria composite stabilized zirconia grinding medium and a preparation method. The method comprises the following steps: step one, mixing zirconia, ceria, yttria and kaolin, and then adding an appropriate amount of dispersant and water to obtain a slurry; step two, performing centrifugal spray drying on the slurry to obtain ceria / yttria composite stabilized zirconia powder; step three, adding the ceria / yttria composite stabilized zirconia powder into a binder, and then rolling to form a green body of spherical grinding medium; and step four, sintering and polishing the green body of spherical grinding medium to obtain the ceria / yttria composite stabilized zirconia grinding medium. The method can obtain low particle size and high specific surface area through high-temperature ball milling, and can also promote the solid solution of the stabilizer into the zirconia crystal lattice through heat treatment, so as to improve sintering activity, reduce sintering temperature and reduce production cost.

An iron oxide-ceria nanoparticle, an iron oxide-ceria nanostructure and an iron oxide-ceria nanocomposite are provided. The iron oxide-ceria nanoparticle comprises iron oxide and ceria. The iron oxide-ceria nanostructure comprises an inorganic support and a plurality of iron oxide-ceria nanoparticles dispersed in the inorganic support. The iron oxide-ceria nanocomposite comprises: an inorganic support; a plurality of iron oxide-ceria nanoparticles dispersed in the inorganic support; and a polymer layer that encompasses the inorganic support.

This invention belongs to the field of glass microsphere preparation technology, and provides a release agent for fire polishing of white glass microspheres used in the vitrification of radioactive nuclear waste, and its preparation method. The release agent comprises the following components by mass fraction: 10-70% alumina powder, 20-90% quartz sand, 1-3% cerium oxide powder, and 1-6% white flour. By introducing white flour, the release agent of this invention can both protect the color of the white beads themselves and prevent the formation of twins or triplets during the fire polishing process. It also prevents the introduction of major chemical elements into the surface of the glass beads during the release process, thus increasing the compositional stability of the glass beads.

The invention discloses nano cerium oxide, a preparation method thereof and a polishing solution applying the nano cerium oxide, and aims to solve the problems of low purity, non-uniform particle size distribution, easy breakage of polishing powder and low polishing rate in the prior art. The average particle size of the nano cerium oxide is any value in a range of 15-100 nm, and the polydispersity index PDI of the particle size of the nano cerium oxide is less than or equal to 0.3. The nano cerium oxide is high in purity, narrow in particle size distribution and not easy to break, and is used for the polishing solution, so that the polishing efficiency and the surface quality of the chemical mechanical polishing solution are remarkably improved.

This invention discloses a glass polishing brush, comprising a brush body and bristles distributed on the surface of the brush body. The bristles contain PTT monofilaments. A method for polishing glass using the glass polishing brush is also provided, preferably in combination with a cerium oxide polishing solution. This invention also discloses the use of PTT monofilaments for glass polishing, wherein the diameter of the PTT monofilaments is 4 mil to 30 mil. The glass polishing brush of this invention achieves effective polishing of the glass surface, resulting in a smoother and more even glass surface. Furthermore, compared to other monofilaments, PTT monofilaments do not create numerous deep grooves at the chamfered edges of the glass during the polishing process.

The invention relates to an iron-containing gadolinium-doped cerium oxide electrode material, a solid oxide battery and a preparation method, the chemical formula of the iron-containing gadolinium-doped cerium oxide electrode material is FexGd0. 1Ce0. 9-xO2-delta, x is more than or equal to 0.025 and less than or equal to 0.2, and delta is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a gadolinium source, a cerium source and an iron source into deionized water according to a stoichiometric ratio, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution, sequentially adding a complexing agent and a pH regulator into the mixed solution, and heating and stirring for reaction to obtain precursor gel; drying and crushing the precursor gel to obtain precursor powder; and calcining the precursor powder to obtain the iron-containing gadolinium-doped cerium oxide electrode material. The electrode material disclosed by the invention is relatively simple and uniform in component; when being used as a fuel electrode to be applied to a solid oxide electrolytic cell for CO2 electrolysis, the composite material shows excellent electrochemical performance, and can still keep a stable structure and good durability after long-term operation in a high-temperature CO2 atmosphere.

An improved method for separating individual and / or groups of rare earth elements from rare earth bearing leach solutions to produce high purity materials for further refinement. According to a first preferred embodiment, the present invention includes a method comprising the steps of: neutralizing a leach solution; introducing ozone into the solution while controlling pH and precipitating cerium oxide; removing the precipitated cerium oxide from the solution; adjusting the pH of the solution in the presence of ozone to precipitate medium / heavy rare earths; removing the precipitated rare earth concentrate from the solution; treating the remaining solution with a precipitating agent to produce a high purity lanthanum precipitate; and removing the solids from the solution.

A composite electromagnetic wave-absorbing material and preparation method therefor are provided. The composite electromagnetic wave-absorbing material includes following raw materials: magnetite powder, nickel powder, copper powder, samarium oxide, gadolinium oxide, cerium oxide, carbon black powder, graphite powder, epoxy resin, barium titanate powder, antioxidant, curing agent, diluent and leveling agent. Ferrite wave-absorbing materials are used as matrixes to be compounded with nickel powder, copper powder, graphite powder, carbon black and barium titanate, and doped with mixed rare earth oxides through combination of samarium oxide, gadolinium oxide and cerium oxide to thereby obtain the composite electromagnetic wave-absorbing material which combines magnetic loss characteristics of magnetite powder, ferromagnetic behavior of nickel powder and conductivity of copper powder, helping to achieve good electromagnetic wave-absorbing performance. By introducing graphite powder, carbon black powder and barium titanate powder as fillers and doping rare earth, wave-absorbing characteristics of the composite electromagnetic wave-absorbing material are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of polymeric membrane composite glass, and discloses a preparation method and application of polymeric membrane composite glass, the polymeric membrane composite glass comprises a first glass layer, a second glass layer and an EVA composite membrane located between the two glass layers, the EVA composite membrane contains nano metal oxide particles, and the nano metal oxide particles contain nano metal oxide particles. The nano metal oxide particles comprise cerium oxide, tungsten oxide, titanium oxide and yttrium oxide. The middle layer of the EVA composite film of the polymeric film composite glass additionally comprises nano metal oxide particles, tungsten oxide absorbs near-infrared heat radiation, titanium oxide reflects infrared light, cerium oxide and yttrium oxide can absorb ultraviolet light, and the heat insulation performance is excellent; according to the present invention, with the nano-metal oxide particles, the tungsten oxide, the tin oxide and other nano-oxide particles, the elastic modulus, the density and the viscosity of the EVA are increased, the sound wave conduction path is effectively blocked, the sound insulation and noise reduction performance is excellent, the nano-metal oxide particles can improve the interface bonding strength of the EVA composite film and the glass layer, and the safety performance is high.

The invention relates to the field of catalysts. The invention relates to a catalyst for catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide in industrial sulfur-containing flue gas. A carrier is a cordierite honeycomb ceramic carrier coated with activated aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon oxide (SiO2) or titanium oxide (TiO2), or a honeycomb carrier with titanium oxide as a skeleton; the noble metal active component is selected from one or a combination of more of palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt) and rhodium (Rh), the total loading capacity accounts for 0.05-0.4 wt% of the mass of the carrier, and the noble metal component is loaded on the surface layer of the carrier at the depth of 10-300 microns and is of an eggshell type distribution structure; the cocatalyst component is selected from one or a combination of more of vanadium oxide (VO), tungsten oxide (WO), cerium oxide (CeO), molybdenum oxide (MoO) and lanthanum oxide (La2O3) and is uniformly distributed on the carrier. Unification of activity, stability and economical efficiency of the catalyst is achieved, the problems that a catalytic oxidation catalyst is prone to inactivation, low in activity and high in cost in complex sulfur-containing flue gas are solved, and the industrial application value is remarkable.

The invention discloses a cerium oxide carrier loaded ruthenium-gadolinium bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, the heterogeneous catalyst takes a cerium oxide nanorod as a carrier, and metal ruthenium and metal gadolinium are loaded on the carrier; wherein the loading capacity of the metal ruthenium and the loading capacity of the metal gadolinium are independently larger than 0 and smaller than or equal to 10 wt%. The cerium oxide loaded ruthenium-gadolinium bimetallic catalyst provided by the invention can improve the catalytic activity and selectivity of ester prepared by an olefin esterification one-step method, ester compounds can be synthesized at a relatively high yield, and the ester selectivity of 99% or more is obtained. Besides, the cerium-loaded ruthenium-gadolinium heterogeneous catalyst prepared by the method is easy to separate from reactants and products and can be repeatedly used, and a new technology suitable for industrialization is provided for ester preparation through esterification of olefin compounds under efficient and selective mild conditions.

This invention provides a photocatalytic composite nanoenzyme self-cleaning coating, its preparation method, and its application. Specifically, it includes: preparing solution A with Ca(NO3)2·4H2O and nano-cerium oxide; preparing solution B with (NH4)2HPO4 and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; mixing solutions A and B, and reacting at high temperature to obtain cerium oxide nanoenzyme / hydroxyapatite microspheres; and using (NH4)6Mo7O... 24 Solution M is prepared by dissolving Fe(NO3)3·9H2O in deionized water; solution N is prepared by dissolving Fe(NO3)3·9H2O in deionized water; solutions M and N are mixed to obtain a precursor; the precursor is reacted with cobalt oxide at high temperature to obtain Co / Fe2(MoO4)3; tetraethyl orthosilicate, anhydrous ethanol, deionized water, and ammonia are mixed and sealed for aging; after adding a modifier, it is mixed with cerium oxide nanoenzyme / hydroxyapatite microspheres and Co / Fe2(MoO4)3, sprayed onto the obtained composite coating, and cured at high temperature to obtain a self-cleaning coating. This invention, by loading a photocatalyst and nanoenzyme / hydroxyapatite microspheres onto the surface of a modified SiO2 gel, effectively improves the photocatalytic activity and self-cleaning performance of the coating while maintaining good optical transmittance.

The invention relates to the technical field of functional materials, in particular to a tungsten hard alloy and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, yttrium oxide and cerium oxide with specific contents are compounded for use, so that the hardness of the tungsten hard alloy is further improved. Moreover, through graphene oxide, on one hand, the hardness of the tungsten hard alloy is improved, on the other hand, the integrality and the machining performance of all the components are enhanced, and it is guaranteed that yttrium oxide is effectively combined with cerium oxide, tungsten carbide and titanium carbide. By introducing the iron powder and the cobalt powder, on one hand, the bonding effect is achieved, and on the other hand, the synergistic effect of yttrium oxide, cerium oxide and graphene oxide is promoted, so that the tungsten hard alloy with higher hardness is formed on the premise that the overall performance of the tungsten-titanium-cobalt hard alloy is guaranteed. The tungsten hard alloy provided by the invention can meet the performance requirements in the field of cutting or precision parts, can be processed into cutting tools or precision parts, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a novel non-Newtonian fluid driven fixed abrasive polishing disc, and relates to the technical field of optical element polishing. The fixed abrasive polishing disc comprises an eccentric adjusting frame, a metal back plate, a caliber adjusting ring, a non-Newtonian fluid layer, a rubber sleeve, a fixing ring and a fixed abrasive polishing pad. The metal back plate is matched with the eccentric adjusting frame through the connecting shaft to achieve the adjustable eccentric distance, the caliber adjusting ring can be replaced with different calibers to meet different requirements, the rubber sleeve is filled with the non-Newtonian fluid layer, the fixed abrasive polishing pad is fixed with cerium oxide abrasive, and the size of the fixed abrasive polishing pad is slightly larger than that of the rubber sleeve. The dynamic stiffness characteristic of the non-Newtonian fluid layer is utilized to realize effective correction of full-band errors; the rigidity and efficiency are improved through the fixed grinding material, and hydration reaction is avoided; and multi-structure collaborative optimization of pressure transmission and fringe effect ensures process stability. Experiments show that the fixed abrasive polishing disk can reduce the intermediate frequency error of a fused quartz workpiece to 0.1 mu m and the Ra value to 1.6 nm, is suitable for diversified machining scenes and is high in practicability.

The present application provides a chemical mechanical polishing liquid and a method for using the same. The chemical mechanical polishing liquid contains cerium oxide abrasive particles, hydroxylamine and its derivatives, and a pH adjuster, wherein the surface of the cerium oxide abrasive particles is positively charged. The chemical mechanical polishing liquid of the present application can reduce the polishing rate of the polishing liquid as the height of the pattern step on the wafer decreases, thereby achieving the function of automatic stop. The use conditions are relatively mild, and the chemical mechanical polishing liquid can be used in large-scale production, can be applied to pattern wafers with different patterns, and has a wide application prospect in the field.

The invention discloses a hollow cathode discharge composite rare earth oxide assisted enhanced ion carburization method. According to the method, hollow cathode discharge composite rare earth oxide is adopted to realize enhanced ion carburization. The discharge of the hollow cathode is realized by utilizing an auxiliary cathode which is arranged in parallel opposite to the infiltrated surface of the metal sample piece, and the auxiliary cathode is a profiling cathode which is homogeneous with the metal sample piece; and the rare earth oxide is one of granular yttrium oxide, cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide and is uniformly physically adsorbed on the surface of the auxiliary cathode or the infiltrated surface of the metal sample piece. And during ion carburization, the auxiliary cathode and the carburized metal form a hollow cathode, hollow cathode discharge occurs, and the hollow cathode discharge interacts with the rare earth oxide particles, so that enhanced ion carburization can be realized. Compared with conventional ion carburization, the carbon potential of the infiltrated surface of the metal sample can be obviously improved, the carbon concentration in the infiltrated layer is increased, and the hardness and thickness of the infiltrated layer are improved. The method is simple, easy to master, energy-saving, environment-friendly and remarkable in economic benefit.