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1789 results about "Oxidation-Reduction Agent" patented technology
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In redox processes, the reductant transfers electrons to the oxidant. Thus, in the reaction, the reductant or reducing agent loses electrons and is oxidized, and the oxidant or oxidizing agent gains electrons and is reduced.
Process for the electrolytic deposition of metal layers
InactiveUS6099711AOptimize allocationImpairing propertyCellsElectrolysisHigh current densityMetal coating
PCT No. PCT / EP96 / 05140 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 23, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 23, 1998 PCT Filed Nov. 21, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 19206 PCT Pub. Date May 29, 1997The invention relates to a method for the electrolytic deposition of metal coatings, in particular of copper coatings with certain physical-mechanical and optical properties and uniform coating thickness. According to known methods using soluble anodes and applying direct current, only uneven metal distribution can be attained on complex shaped workpieces. By using a pulse current or pulse voltage method, the problem of the coatings being of varying thickness at various places on the workpiece surfaces can indeed be reduced. However, the further problem of the geometric ratios being changed continuously during the depositing process by dissolving of the anodes is not resolved thus. This can be avoided by using insoluble anodes. In order to guarantee sufficient stability of the anodes and a bright coating even at those points on the workpiece surfaces, onto which the metal is deposited with high current density, it is essential to add compounds of an electrochemically reversible redox system to the depositing solution.
Owner:ATOTECH DEUT GMBH
Method of measuring blood component, sensor used in the method, and measuring device
ActiveUS20070131565A1Easy to measureImprove accuracyImmobilised enzymesBioreactor/fermenter combinationsOxidoreductasePhysics
The present invention provides a method of measuring a component in blood, by which an amount of the component can be corrected accurately by measuring a hematocrit (Hct) value of the blood with high accuracy and high reliability and also provides a sensor used in the method. The sensor for measuring a component in blood has a first analysis portion and a second analysis portion. The first analysis portion has a first electrode system (11,12) and a reagent layer (14), and the reagent layer (14) has an oxidoreductase that acts on the component and a mediator. In the first analysis portion, the component in the blood is measured by causing a redox reaction of the component with the oxidoreductase in the presence of the mediator and detecting a redox current caused when a voltage is applied by the first electrode (11,12). The second analysis portion has a working electrode and a counter electrode, and a mediator is provided on the counter electrode but not on the working electrode. In the second analysis portion, a Hct value of the blood is measured by supplying the blood to the electrode system, applying a voltage to cause a current to flow, and detecting a value of the current. Using this Hct value, the amount of the component is corrected.
Owner:PHC HLDG CORP
Enzyme-catalyzed metal deposition for the enhanced detection of analytes of interest
ActiveUS20050100976A1Rapidly and accurately determinedHigh detection sensitivitySugar derivativesMicrobiological testing/measurementTarget analysisAnalyte
The invention is directed to enhanced methods for detecting an analyte of interest in situ, by immunoassay, or by hybridization comprising binding an enzyme-labeled conjugate molecule to an analyte of interest in the presence of a redox-inactive reductive species and a soluble metal ion. The enzyme catalyzes the conversion of the inactive reductive species to an active reducing agent, which in turn reduces the metal ion to a metal atom thereby providing an enhanced means of detecting the analyte via metal deposition.
Owner:VENTANA MEDICAL SYST INC
Enzymatic electrochemical detection assay using protective monolayer and device therefor
InactiveUS20060160100A1Material nanotechnologyMicrobiological testing/measurementOxidation-Reduction AgentRedox
There is provided an electrochemical assay method for detecting a target molecule, for example a protein, in a sample, which involves the use of a protective monolayer and a redox polymer to form a bilayer immobilized on an electrode. The monolayer protects the electrode from non-specific adherence of reagents, particular proteins, to the electrode while simultaneously providing a surface that can be functionalized to immobilize a capture molecule and that can interact with the redox polymer.
Owner:AGENCY FOR SCI TECH & RES
Transition metal complexes with (pyridyl)imidazole ligands
InactiveUS7074308B2Rapid electron exchangeFast dynamicsImmobilised enzymesBioreactor/fermenter combinationsOxidation-Reduction AgentRedox
Novel transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators in enzyme-based electrochemical sensors. The transition metal complexes include substituted or unsubstituted (pyridyl)imidazole ligands. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.
Owner:ABBOTT DIABETES CARE INC
Method of measuring blood component and sensor used in the method
ActiveUS20050145490A1Great HctConvenient amountImmobilised enzymesBioreactor/fermenter combinationsRed blood cellOxidoreductase
A sensor for blood component analysis that can correct the effect of a hematocrit easily is provided. The sensor includes an analysis portion including a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a reagent portion. The reagent portion includes an oxidoreductase that reacts with the blood component and a mediator, and the blood component is measured by causing a redox reaction between the blood component and the oxidoreductase in the presence of the mediator and detecting a redox current generated by the redox reaction by the working electrode and the counter electrode. In this sensor, the reagent portion further includes a hemolyzing agent (e.g., sodium cholate) for hemolyzing an erythrocyte, and when detecting the redox current, the erythrocyte is hemolyzed with the hemolyzing agent so as to cause hemoglobin released to an outside of the erythrocyte to react with the mediator and a current generated by this reaction also is detected to correct an effect of a hematocrit.
Owner:PHC HLDG CORP
Photovoltaic device using low iron high transmission glass with antimony and reduced alkali content and corresponding method
A high transmission low iron glass includes antimony, has reduced total alkali content, and increased silica content, and is suitable for use in photovoltaic devices (e.g., solar cells) or the like. A method of making the glass is also provided. In certain example embodiments, the glass composition may be made on a pattern line with a highly positive batch redox.
Owner:GUARDIAN GLASS LLC
Redox shuttle for rechargeable lithium-ion cell
InactiveUS20050221196A1Excellent repeated overcharge stabilityNon-aqueous electrolyte accumulatorsOrganic electrolyte cellsLithiumAlkoxy group
A redox chemical shuttle comprising an aromatic compound substituted with at least one tertiary carbon organic group and at least one alkoxy group (for example, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1,4-dimethoxybenzene) provides repeated overcharge protection in rechargeable lithium-ion cells.
Owner:3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO
Lithium-ion batteries with intrinsic pulse overcharge protection
The present invention relates in general to the field of lithium rechargeable batteries, and more particularly relates to the positive electrode design of lithium-ion batteries with improved high-rate pulse overcharge protection. Thus the present invention provides electrochemical devices containing a cathode comprising at least one primary positive material and at least one secondary positive material; an anode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a redox shuttle additive; wherein the redox potential of the redox shuttle additive is greater than the redox potential of the primary positive material; the redox potential of the redox shuttle additive is lower than the redox potential of the secondary positive material; and the redox shuttle additive is stable at least up to the redox potential of the secondary positive material.
Owner:UCHICAGO ARGONNE LLC
Charged droplet sprayers
ActiveUS20050258360A1Improve performanceOptimize charged droplet spray performanceMembranesSemi-permeable membranesSprayerElectric field
Charged droplet spray is formed from a solution with all or a portion of the charged droplet spray current generated from reduction or oxidation (redox) reactions occurring on surfaces removed from the first or sample solution flow path. In one embodiment of the invention, two solution flow channels are separated by a semipermeable membrane. A first or sample solution flowing through the first solution flow channel exchanges cation or anion charged species through the semipermeable membrane with a second solution or gas flowing through the second flow channel. Charge exchange is driven by the electric field applied at the charged droplet sprayer sample solution outlet. Redox reactions occur at an electrode surface in contact with the second solution. The invention increases the control and range of the Electrospray ionization process during ES / MS operation. Alternative embodiments of the invention provide for conducting redox reactions on conductive surfaces removed from the first or sample solution flow path but not separated by semipermeable membranes.
Owner:PERKINELMER U S LLC
High-performance water reducer of polycarboxylic acid, and preparation method thereof
The invention relates to a high-performance water reducer of polycarboxylic acid, and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of concrete admixtures in construction industry. The water reducer is prepared by 55-90% of polyoxyethylene ether or ester containing unsaturated double bonds, 8-30% of unsaturated carboxylic acid and derivative thereof, 0-25% of unsaturated sulfonic acid and salt thereof, 0-15% of unsaturated carboxylic esters, and 0.5-5% of redox initiator. The high-performance water reducer of polycarboxylic acid prepared by the invention has the advantages of high water-reducing rate and collapse protectiveness, and has good adaptability for base materials. The water reducer provided by the invention is featured with simple technology, easy material getting, no pollution and low cost, and is industrially produced easily.
Owner:山西科腾环保新材料股份有限公司
Ethanol fermentation using oxidation reduction potential
InactiveUS7078201B2Increased ethanol productionReduce formationMicrobiological testing/measurementBiofuelsOxidation-Reduction AgentRedox
A process to improve ethanol yield, decrease fermentation time and reduce byproduct formation by monitoring and controlling oxidation reduction potential (redox) of the fermentor is disclosed.
Owner:BURMASTER BRIAN M
Flow-through assay devices
InactiveUS20050136500A1Easy to moveMicrobiological testing/measurementBiological testingTarget analysisAnalyte
A flow-through assay device capable of detecting the presence or quantity of an analyte of interest is provided that is accurate, reliable, and easy-to-use. The device contains a substrate printed with a channel to facilitate the flow of a test sample to a detection working electrode. The detection working electrode communicates with affinity reagents, such as redox mediators and capture ligands. For instance, capture ligands that are specific binding members for the analyte of interest are applied to the detection electrode to serve as the primary location for detection of the analyte.
Owner:KIMBERLY-CLARK WORLDWIDE INC
Nanometer silver sol and preparing method thereof
A nano-Ag sol is prepared through dispersing the protecting colloid solution in silver nitrate solution, adding reducer solution, and redox reacting.
Owner:深圳市宜丽环保科技有限公司
Novel redox shuttles for overcharge protection of lithium batteries
The present invention is generally related to electrolytes containing novel redox shuttles for overcharge protection of lithium-ion batteries. The redox shuttles are capable of thousands hours of overcharge tolerance and have a redox potential at about 3-5.5 V vs. Li and particularly about 4.4-4.8 V vs. Li. Accordingly, in one aspect the invention provides electrolytes comprising an alkali metal salt; a polar aprotic solvent; and a redox shuttle additive that is an aromatic compound having at least one aromatic ring with four or more electronegative substituents, two or more oxygen atoms bonded to the aromatic ring, and no hydrogen atoms bonded to the aromatic ring; and wherein the electrolyte solution is substantially non-aqueous. Further there are provided electrochemical devices employing the electrolyte and methods of making the electrolyte.
Owner:UCHICAGO ARGONNE LLC
Battery with bifunctional electrolyte
InactiveUS20060063065A1Improve solubilityCell electrodesRegenerative fuel cellsSolubilityOxidation-Reduction Agent
A battery comprises an acid electrolyte in which a compound provides acidity to the electrolyte and further increases solubility of at least one metal in the redox pair. Especially preferred compounds include alkyl sulfonic acids, amine sulfonic acids, and alkyl phosphonic acids, and particularly preferred redox coupled include Co3+ / Zn0, Mn3+ / Zn0, Ce4+ / V2+, Ce4+ / Ti3+, Ce4+ / Zn0, and Pb4+ / Pb0.
Owner:PLURION LTD
Compositions and methods for tantalum CMP
InactiveUS20060030158A1Pigmenting treatmentOther chemical processesOxidation-Reduction AgentHeteroatom
A composition suitable for tantalum chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) comprises an abrasive, an organic oxidizer, and a liquid carrier therefor. The organic oxidizer has a standard redox potential (E0) of not more than about 0.5 V relative to a standard hydrogen electrode. The oxidized form comprises at least one pi-conjugated ring, which includes at least one heteroatom directly attached to the ring. The heteroatom can be a N, O, S or a combination thereof. In a method embodiment, a CMP composition comprising an abrasive, and organic oxidizer having an E0 of not more than about 0.7 V relative to a standard hydrogen electrode, and a liquid carrier therefor, is utilized to polish a tantalum-containing surface of a substrate, by abrading the surface of the substrate with the composition, preferably with the aid of a polishing pad.
Owner:CMC MATERIALS INC
Enzymatic template polymerization
InactiveUS20050079533A1Limiting parasitic branchingImprove electricityNanotechMicrobiological testing/measurementRedox enzymesConductive polymer
A conductive polymer is formed enzymatically in the presence of a polynucleotide template. The method includes combining at least one redox monomer with a polynucleotide template and a redox enzyme, such as horseradish peroxidase, to form a reaction mixture. The monomer aligns along the template before or during the polymerization. Therefore, the polynucleotide template thereby affects the molecular weight and conformation of the conductive polymer. When the conductive polymer is complexed to a polynucleotide duplex, the conformation of the polynucleotide duplex can be modulated by changing the oxidation state of the conductive polymer.
Owner:SAMUELSON LYNNE A +6
Biological fuel cell and methods
InactiveUS20060159981A1Active material electrodesBiochemical fuel cellsFuel cellsOxidation-Reduction Agent
A fuel cell has an anode and a cathode with anode enzyme disposed on the anode and cathode enzyme is disposed on the cathode. The anode is configured and arranged to electrooxidize an anode reductant in the presence of the anode enzyme. Likewise, the cathode is configured and arranged to electroreduce a cathode oxidant in the presence of the cathode enzyme. In addition, anode redox hydrogel may be disposed on the anode to transduce a current between the anode and the anode enzyme and cathode redox hydrogel may be disposed on the cathode to transduce a current between the cathode and the cathode enzyme.
Owner:ABBOTT DIABETES CARE INC
Low iron high transmission float glass for solar cell applications and method of making same
Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to a high transmission low iron glass, which is highly oxidized and made using the float process, for use in photovoltaic devices such as solar cells or the like. In certain example embodiments, the glass composition used for the glass is made via the float process using an extremely high and positive batch redox in order to reduce % FeO to a low level and permit the glass to consistently realize a combination of high visible transmission (Lta or Tvis), high infrared (IR) transmission, and high total solar (TS) transmission. The glass substrate may be patterned or not patterned in different example embodiments of this invention.
Owner:GUARDIAN GLASS LLC
Method of recycling batches of mixed color cullet into amber, green, or flint glass with selected properties
InactiveUS6230521B1Low costMinimize iron levelCharging furnaceBlowing machine gearingsOxidation-Reduction AgentBottle
An automated method for recycling mixed colored cutlet glass (i.e., broken pieces of glass of mixed colors and types) into new glass products. A computer controlled process identifies the virgin glass raw materials, the desired target glass properties, the composition of a batch of mixed colored cullet, and the quantity of cullet to be used in the glass melt, and the computer controlled process automatically determines the proper amounts of raw materials to add to the batch of mixed colored cullet so that recycled glass is produced having the desired coloring oxides, redox agents, and glass structural oxides in the proper proportion. The recycled glass is then used to make glass products such as beer bottles.
Owner:CULCHROME LLC
Solar cell device
InactiveUS7737356B2Low-gradeMechanical apparatusLight-sensitive devicesElectrical batteryEngineering
A photovoltaic cell for converting a light source into electricity, including: (a) a housing for the photovoltaic cell, including: (i) an at least partially transparent cell wall; (b) at least one electrically-conductive element, disposed at least partially within the photovoltaic cell, for boosting collection of a current generated by the cell; (c) a conductive coating, electrically associated with the electrically-conductive element, and disposed on a surface within the photovoltaic cell; (d) an electrolyte, disposed within the cell wall, the electrolyte containing a redox species, and (e) a current collection element, disposed on a side of the cell wall, wherein the current collection element is electrically connected to the electrically-conductive element, so as to remove the current produced by the cell.
Owner:3GSOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS
Simultaneous anaerobic production of isoamyl acetate and succinic acid
In vivo method of producing esters from acetyle coA, such as isoamyl acetate and succinate, has been developed by producing null mutants in pathways that use acetyl coA and by overexpressing products that use NADH and in order to maintain the proper redox balance between NADH and NAD+. The method is exemplified with null mutations in ldhA, adhE, ackA-pta and overexpression of pyruvate carboxylase and alcohol acetyltransferase. This strain produces higher levels of both isoamyl acetate and succinate.
Owner:RICE UNIV
Clear glass composition with high visible transmittance
A high transmittance fairly clear / neutral colored glass composition is provided. An oxidizing agent(s) such as cerium oxide (e.g., CeO2) or the like is added to the glass batch in order to realize very oxidized conditions (i.e., to significantly lower the redox of the resulting glass). As a result of the oxidizing agent(s) used in the batch, the iron is oxidized to a very low FeO (ferrous state) content. For example, this may result in a glass having a glass redox value of no greater than 0.12 (more preferably <=0.10; even more preferably <=0.08; and most preferably <=0.05) and a % FeO (i.e., ferrous content) of from 0.0001 to 0.05%. In certain example embodiments, in order to compensate for yellow or yellow-green coloration a small amount of cobalt (Co) may be provided in the glass to enable it to realize a more neutral color.
Owner:GUARDIAN GLASS LLC
Low iron high transmission float glass for solar cell applications and method of making same
Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to a high transmission low iron glass, which is highly oxidized and made using the float process, for use in photovoltaic devices such as solar cells or the like. In certain example embodiments, the glass composition used for the glass is made via the float process using an extremely high and positive batch redox in order to reduce % FeO to a low level and permit the glass to consistently realize a combination of high visible transmission (Lta or Tvis), high infrared (IR) transmission, and high total solar (TS) transmission. The glass substrate may be patterned or not patterned in different example embodiments of this invention.
Owner:GUARDIAN GLASS LLC
Visible light photocatalytic film and preparation method thereof and lighting lamp with visible light photocatalytic film
InactiveCN104437548AAchieve circulationImprove purification effectGlobesMetal/metal-oxides/metal-hydroxide catalystsSemiconductor materialsAcupuncture
Owner:EAST CHINA NORMAL UNIV +1
Method for designing redox flow battery system
InactiveUS20050181273A1Improve system efficiencySure easyCell electrodesFuel cell auxillariesOxidation-Reduction AgentRedox
The present invention provides a method of designing a redox flow battery system that can prevent system efficiency loss caused by weak generation power or load power at the time of electric charge or discharge, without using any lead storage battery, and can also provide further improved system efficiency. In the present invention, generating equipment that varies irregularly in output of power generation is provided with the redox flow battery to smooth the output of power generation. An average value of output distribution of the battery with respect to the smoothed output of power generation and standard deviation are determined. Then, at least either of a specified output of the battery and a specified output of the converter for converting the battery output is determined based on the standard deviation.
Owner:SUMITOMO ELECTRIC IND LTD +1
Cell frame for redox flow battery, and redox flow battery
InactiveUS20080081247A1Avoid breakingPrevent a break in the membraneElectrolyte holding meansEngine sealsElectrolyte leakageOxidation-Reduction Agent
This invention provides a cell frame for a redox flow battery that prevents leakage of electrolyte out of the cell frame and also provides a good workability in assembling the redox flow battery. Also, this invention provides a redox flow battery using the cell frame. In the cell frame 30 for the redox flow battery 30 comprising a bipolar plate 21 and a frame 31 fitted around a periphery of the bipolar plate 21, the frame 31 has, on each side thereof, an inner seal and an outer seal to press-contact with a membrane and also seal electrolyte. The frame 31 has, on each side thereof, an inner seal groove 34 and an outer seal groove 35 for placing therein the inner seal and the outer seal, respectively, to prevent the electrolyte from leaking out, and O-rings are placed in the respective seal grooves.
Owner:SUMITOMO ELECTRIC IND LTD +1
Water-soluble organic couple redox flow battery
InactiveCN102035007AReduce polarizationImprove energy efficiencyFuel cells groupingRegenerative fuel cellsElectrode potentialElectrical battery
The invention relates to a water-soluble organic couple redox flow battery which comprises an anode, electrolyte thereof, a diaphragm thereof, a cathode and electrolyte thereof, wherein one of two active substances of the anode / cathode is a water-soluble organic couple, and the other one is an inorganic couple or organic couple; and the electrolyte of the anode / cathode is stored in an external storage tank, flows through the battery in a circulating way through a pump and undergoes oxidation / reduction reaction on the anode / cathode divided by the diaphragm to carry out the charging / discharging process. Organic couple materials are not limited by mining deposits, the charge capacity depends on the volume of the storage tank, the size of the battery can be singly designed according to the power requirement, and electrode potential and a reaction electron amount can be designed and controlled by organic molecules. Therefore, the redox flow battery has the advantages of rich raw materials, convenient preparation, high power conversion efficiency, environmental protection, safe use and the like and is suitable for scale electricity storage.
Owner:NO 63971 TROOPS PLA
Electrochemistry and electrogenerated chemiluminescence with a single faradaic electrode
ActiveUS20070034529A1Photography auxillary processesWeather/light/corrosion resistanceCapacitanceOxidation-Reduction Agent
Described herein is an apparatus comprising an electrochemical cell that employs a capacitive counter electrode and a faradaic working electrode. The capacitive counter electrode reduces the amount of redox products generated at the counter electrode while enabling the working electrode to generate redox products. The electrochemical cell is useful for controlling the redox products generated and / or the timing of the redox product generation. The electrochemical cell is useful in assay methods, including those using electrochemiluminescence. The electrochemical cell can be combined with additional hardware to form instrumentation for assay methods.
Owner:BOARD OF RGT THE UNIV OF TEXAS SYST
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