105results about How to "Fast dynamics" patented technology

The invention relates to the discovery of novel mutant DNA polymerases that possess altered kinetics for incorporating phosphate-labeled nucleotides during polymerization. The invention further relates to the use of these mutant DNA polymerases in sequencing and genotyping methods.

An electrochemical method and apparatus for high-amperage electrical energy storage features a high-temperature, all-liquid chemistry. The reaction products created during charging remain part of the electrodes during storage for discharge on demand. In a simultaneous ambipolar electrodeposition cell, a reaction compound is electrolyzed to effect transfer from an external power source; the electrode elements are electrodissolved during discharge.

Novel transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators in enzyme-based electrochemical sensors. The transition metal complexes include substituted or unsubstituted (pyridyl)imidazole ligands. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.

An efficient method for solving a model predictive control problem is described. A large sparse matrix equation is formed based upon the model predictive control problem. The square root of H, Hr, is then formed directly, without first forming H. A square root (LSMroot) of a large sparse matrix of the large sparse matrix equation is then formed using Hr in each of a plurality of iterations of a quadratic programming solver, without first forming the large sparse matrix and without recalculating Hr in each of the plurality of iterations. The solution of the large sparse matrix equation is completed based upon LSMroot.

Methods and systems are provided for improving boost response. A continuously variable compressor recirculation valve and a wastegate are adjusted in complementary frequency bands to move compressor operation away from a surge limit and reduce boost delivery errors. An intake throttle is also concurrently adjusted to offset manifold air-flow rate errors resulting from the wastegate or recirculation valve adjustments.

Industrial waste derived adsorbents were obtained by pyrolysis of sewage sludge, metal sludge, waste oil sludge and tobacco waste in some combination. The materials were used as media to remove hydrogen sulfide at room temperature in the presence of moisture. The initial and exhausted adsorbents after the breakthrough tests were characterized using sorption of nitrogen, thermal analysis, XRD, ICP, and surface pH measurements. Mixing tobacco and sludges result in a strong synergy enhancing the catalytic properties of adsorbents. During pyrolysis new mineral phases are formed as a result of solid state reaction between the components of the sludges. High temperature of pyrolysis is beneficial for the adsorbents due to the enhanced activation of carbonaceous phase and chemical stabilization of inorganic phase. Samples obtained at low temperature are sensitive to water, which deactivates their catalytic centers.

The present invention provides methods and kits for isolating one strand of a double-stranded target nucleic acid. The method capitalizes on the differences in the kinetics and thermodynamic stabilities between conventional DNA / DNA, DNA / RNA and RNA / RNA duplexes and heteroduplexes in which one strand of the heteroduplexe is a nucleobase polymer having a net positively charged or net neutral backbone, such as a PNA.

The invention provides engineered red-shifted channelrhodopsin variants. In some embodiments, the channelrhodopsin variants are characterized by improved membrane trafficking, expression, and / or unique spectral and kinetic properties.

The present invention provides methods and fluorescent compounds that facilitate detecting and labeling of a fusion protein by being capable of selectively binding to an affinity tag. The fluorescent compounds have the general formula A(B)n, wherein A is a fluorophore, B is a binding domain that is a charged chemical moiety, a protein or fragment thereof and n is an integer from 1-6 with the proviso that the protein or fragment thereof not be an antibody or generated from an antibody. The present invention provides specific fluorescent compounds and methods used to detect and label fusion proteins that contain a poly-histidine affinity tag. These compounds have the general formula A(L)m(B)n wherein A is a fluorophore, L is a linker, B is an acetic acid binding domain, m is an integer from 1 to 4 and n is an integer from 1 to 6. The acetic acid groups interact directly with the positively charged histidine residues of the affinity tag to effectively label and detect a fusion protein containing such an affinity tag when present in an acidic or neutral environment.

A photochromic plastic object made of a transparent synthetic resin material composed of at least two mutually penetrating polymer networks of different polymer materials and containing at least one photochromic dye homogeneously distributed therein, and a method for producing such a photochromic object.

This invention provides pacemaker systems comprising (1) an electronic pacemaker, and (2) a biological pacemaker, wherein the biological pacemaker comprises a cell that functionally expresses a chimeric hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channel at a level effective to induce pacemaker current in the cell. The invention also provides related biological pacemakers, atrioventricular bridges, methods of making same, and methods of treating a subject afflicted with a cardiac rhythm disorder.

A method for producing an adsorbent, having the steps of combining a first sludge and a second material to form a mixture, thermally drying the mixture, and pyrolizing the mixture using at least four temperature zones wherein each temperature zone is set between about 600° C. and 1,100° C. The first sludge is a municipal sludge or an industrial sludge, and the second material is a compost material or one of municipal sludge or industrial sludge differing from the first sludge. The compost material is at least one of tobacco waste, waste paper and wood char, or a combination thereof. Further, the drying can happen in two stages. Each stage can include two separate temperatures.

A material, and filters and other structures exposed to flowing gas that have the material therein, which removes VOCs, such as formaldehyde, from the gas. The material is a porous sorbent impregnated by a metal oxide, such as manganese oxide (MnOx) nano particles. The sorbent may be activated carbon, and the manganese oxide may catalyze formaldehyde to water and carbon dioxide while the carbon may adsorb formaldehyde, both mechanisms of which remove the VOC from the air to prevent or reduce inhalation of the same by humans. The material may be combined with an untreated sorbent or sorbent treated with ionic alkaline salts.

A cathode layer structure for a solid polymer fuel cell is disclosed. It comprises a composite cathode layer (48) of catalyst (11), anion ion conducting polymer (12) and cation conducting polymer (14). The interface between the anion ion conducting polymer (12) and the cation conducting polymer (14) is located entirely within the cathode layer (48). In particular the catalyst (11) is embedded in the anion conducting polymer (12), and the cation conducting polymer (14) encloses regions of the anion conducting polymer (12).

The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of the saponification products of lactones, preferably three- to eight-membered lactones. The present invention is also directed to a process for the preparation of compounds having general formula (I): wherein M is selected from the group consisting of cationic species, preferably metal cations (even more preferably Na), from a compound having the formula (II): comprising reacting a compound having formula (II) with a suitable hydroxide salt (M-OH) (III) such as, preferably, sodium hydroxide, in an aqueous medium. The reaction preferably utilizes a continuous process method for the substantial consumption of reagent and continuous, semi-continuous, and / or batch-wise processing for final consumption of reagent.

The invention relates to a methanol gasoline additive and a methanol gasoline containing the same. The methanol gasoline additive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 4-32% of toluene, 4-42% of dimethylbenzene, 0.5-10% of C5H12 and C7H16, 3-43% of isobutanol, 4-33% of isopropanol, 0.8-15% of isoamyl alcohol, 1-8% of ethanol, 1-6% of antifreezing agent, 0.2-3% of antioxygen antigum inhibitor, 0.05-0.6% of metal passivator, 0.008-0.06% of detergent dispersant, 1-6% of preservative and 2-8% of emulsifier. The methanol gasoline is prepared by the following steps: uniformly mixing gasoline, naphtha, petroleum ether, 120# solvent oil, light hydrocarbon, methanol fuel and the methanol gasoline additive, and filtering through a modified attapulgite adsorption stabilizer. The methanol gasoline produced from the methanol gasoline additive is especially suitable for high altitude anoxia regions. The methanol gasoline has the advantages of quick cycling start, stable idle speed, low harmful substance emission during combustion, favorable dynamic performance in high altitude anoxia regions, high corrosion resistance, and no stratification at low temperature, and does not generate air resistance.

A bipolar power semiconductor device is provided with an emitter electrode on an emitter side and a collector electrode on a collector side. The device has a trench gate electrode and a structure with a plurality of layers of different conductivity types in the following order: at least one n doped source region, a p doped base layer, which surrounds the at least one source region, an n doped enhancement layer, a p doped additional well layer, an additional n doped enhancement layer, an additional p doped well layer, an n doped drift layer and a p doped collector layer. The trench gate electrode has a gate bottom, which is located closer to the collector side than the additional enhancement layer bottom.

The present invention provides methods and fluorescent compounds that facilitate detecting and labeling of a fusion protein by being capable of selectively binding to an affinity tag. The fluorescent compounds have the general formula A(B)n, wherein A is a fluorophore, B is a binding domain that is a charged chemical moiety, a protein or fragment thereof and n is an integer from 1-6 with the proviso that the protein or fragment thereof not be an antibody or generated from an antibody. The present invention provides specific fluorescent compounds and methods used to detect and label fusion proteins that contain a poly-histidine affinity tag. These compounds have the general formula A(L)m(B)n wherein A is a fluorophore, L is a linker, B is an acetic acid binding domain, m is an integer from 1 to 4 and n is an integer from 1 to 6. The acetic acid groups interact directly with the positively charged histidine residues of the affinity tag to effectively label and detect a fusion protein containing such an affinity tag when present in an acidic or neutral environment.

Enzyme-based electrochemical sensors comprising transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators and include substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl-imidazole ligands. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.

The invention discloses a nitrogen-doped hard carbon material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method of the hard carbon material comprises the following steps: pretreating, drying and crushing a biomass raw material to obtain primarily purified biomass raw material powder; adding the biomass raw material powder into dilute nitric acid, heating, cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and drying to obtain secondarily purified biomass powder; calcining the secondarily purified biomass powder in an argon atmosphere, and cooling in the argon atmosphere to obtain a biomass hard carbon material; and placing the biomass hard carbon material in plasma equipment to be treated; wherein the power ranges from 400 w to 800 w, and the treatment time ranges from 0 min to 75 min. The hard carbon material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of high porosity, large specific surface area and large interlayer spacing, and can promote the diffusion of sodium ions and improve the capacity, dynamics, mass transfer speed, cycle performance and first coulombic efficiency of a carbon negative electrode of a sodium ion battery.

A solid-state PEC includes mixed ionic and electronic conducting oxides that allow it to operate at temperatures significantly above ambient utilizing both the light and thermal energy available from concentrated sunlight to dissociate water vapor. The solid-state PEC has a semiconductor light absorber coated with a thin MIEC oxide for improved catalytic activity, electrochemical stability and ionic conduction, which is located between the gas phase and the semiconductor light absorber. As a result, the MIEC oxide provides a facile path for minority carriers to reach the water vapor as well as a path for the ionic carriers to reach the solid electrolyte. Elevated temperature operation allows reasonable band misalignments at the interfaces to be overcome, reduces the required overpotential, and facilitates rapid product diffusion away from the surface.

A bipolar power semiconductor device is provided with an emitter electrode on an emitter side and a collector electrode on a collector side. The device has a trench gate electrode and a structure with a plurality of layers of different conductivity types in the following order: at least one n doped source region, a p doped base layer, which surrounds the at least one source region, an n doped enhancement layer, a p doped additional well layer, an additional n doped enhancement layer, an additional p doped well layer, an n doped drift layer and a p doped collector layer. The trench gate electrode has a gate bottom, which is located closer to the collector side than the additional enhancement layer bottom.

A polymer composite with superior granulometric properties for the extraction of active and non-active cesimn from high level acidic radioactive nuclear waste and / or other inorganic wastes / solutions that is particularly useful to nuclear industry. The void volumes of the said polymer composite is varied to obtain the desired Cs ion exchange kinetics wherein the composite material is radiation resistant and stable in highly acidic and alkaline medium.

Apparatus and methods for 3D-Scanless Holographic Optogenetics with Temporal focusing (3D-SHOT), which allows precise, simultaneous photo-activation of arbitrary sets of neurons anywhere within the addressable volume of the microscope. Soma-targeted (ST) optogenetic tools, ST-ChroME and IRES-ST-eGtACR 1, optimized for multiphoton activation and suppression are also provided. The methods use point-cloud holography to place multiple copies of a temporally focused disc matching the dimensions of a designated neuron's cell body. Experiments in cultured cells, brain slices, and in living mice demonstrate single-neuron spatial resolution even when optically targeting randomly distributed groups of neurons in 3D.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a copper-containing metal composite oxide photocatalytic material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting copper and zirconium into a vacuum electric arc furnace, performing vacuum pumping, then charging argon, starting smelting, keeping for 60-90 seconds after copper and zirconium are smelted, cooling to obtain an alloy molten ingot, turning over, repeating for 4 to 6 times, putting the alloy molten ingot into rapid melt quenching and melt spinning equipment, performing vacuum pumping, then charging argon, performing smelting by adopting a magnetic induction heating mode to form a melt after completely melting, opening an air pressure valve, spraying the melt on the surface of a copper roller which rapidly rotates to obtain a continuous amorphous alloy ribbon, and putting the amorphous alloy ribbon into a ceramic cup, wherein the ceramic cup comprises a ceramic base, the ceramic base is connected with a ceramic cup cover, the ceramic cup cover is provided with an air inlet hole, an observation view window and a graphite electrode, and the ceramic base is in sliding connection with an ignition graphite electrode; and connecting one end of the amorphous alloy ribbon with the graphite electrode, charging oxygen, then pushing the ignition graphite electrode to the amorphous alloy ribbon, and enabling the ignition graphite electrode to be in contact with the amorphous alloy ribbon to generate electric sparks for igniting an alloy strip material.

A power system including a first grid and a second grid, each grid having power flow parameters. A breaker installed at a point of common coupling between the first grid and second grid. A first sensor and a second sensor, each located on a side of the point of the common coupling for continually determining the power flow parameters of the first grid and second grid. Wherein the power flow parameters for the first and second grid are indicative of a frequency and a phase. A power source for supplying power to either the first grid or second grid. A controller for synchronizing the frequencies and the phases of the first and second grid, by continually adjusting an amount of power supplied, based on continually determining a frequency mismatch and a phase mismatch between the first grid and second grid, until a first predetermined condition is met.