803 results about "Solvation" patented technology

The invention concerns a dried form of a porous polymer gel material which may be rehydrated and placed under pressure or compression to induce solvation, thereby forming a high concentration gel, in the form of an injectable viscous putty or dough, which may be implantated in the body.

The present invention provides improved devices, components, and conduit assemblies for delivery of a breathable/inhalable fluid stream containing a solvation-enhancing atomized liquid, the fluid stream carrying a functional liquid component. In one aspect, devices of the invention incorporate an exchangeable fluid-permeable body, such as a cartridge comprising a fluid-permeable packing material, containing the functional liquid. In another aspect, devices of the invention incorporate an electronic control system configured to detect and store physical states, settings, modes/configurations, and/or usage of the device over time. Optionally, the detected states may be exported to a separate electronic device via a Wi-Fi or other suitable remote connection. In other embodiments, the electronic control system provides passcode authorization for actuating an atomizing element and/or toggling the device between locked and unlocked states.

The invention relates to a palladium-silver bimetallic hydrogenation catalyst, a carrier of which mainly contains Al2O3 and which is characterized by comprising, based on 100% of the catalyst weight, 0.01-0.4% of Pd, 0.02-0.2% of Ag, and has a specific surface area of 1-100m<2>/g. The catalyst is obtained through three steps of: first, preparing a functionalized-high-molecular / Al2O3 precursor, then preparing a Pd-Ag-high-molecular / Al2O3 precursor, and lastly roasting the precursors at 380-550 DEG C for 2-6h. The preparation method overcomes the influences of dipping liquid surface tensionand solvation effect on palladium-silver disperseness, and the prepared catalyst has excellent selectivity. The catalyst of the invention can be applied to selective hydrogenation process of fractions such as C2 and C3, and has a good hydrogenation activity, excellent selectivity and good hydrogenation stability.

The present invention provides a method for converting lignocellulosic material into biofuel. In particular embodiments, the method comprises pre-treating lignocellulosic material by dissolving the material in ionic liquids. The pretreated lignocellulosic material can be isolated, such as by precipitation with a regenerating solvent (e.g., water), and be used directly in the formation of biofuel, including undergoing hydrolysis to form sugar and fermentation to form fuel, such as bioethanol. The ionic liquid can be recycled for further use, such as by evaporation of the water introduced during precipitation, and the recycling provides a route to a hemicellulose rich fraction and an ionic liquid of consistent quality and wood dissolution characteristics. The recovered hemicelluloses are of significant utilization potential toward commodity and specialty applications.

A heated DESI spray device provides improved resolution or control of analyte desorption at a target locus on a sample. Heating controls spot size and enhances resolution in an imaging mode without impairing signal level. Additionally or alternatively the heated DESI spray may control desorption kinetics of a target analyte or otherwise control analyte discrimination in detection mode. One embodiment of the DESI spray is heated by heating nebulizing gas that accompanies the electrosprayed solvent. Another embodiment heats a separate gas stream that transports or directs desorbed material to the ion aperture of an analysis instrument. Heating may reduce size of primary droplets, alter the impact dynamics or the energy delivered by the spray to the surface, reduce size of secondary droplets and/or assure desolvation, improve species selectivity or otherwise affect sampling and enhance the ion signal level.

A hydrogen release material includes a complex metal hydride and an ionic liquid wherein the hydrogen release material has a lower hydrogen release temperature in comparison to the complex metal hydride alone. Also disclosed is a process of releasing hydrogen from a storage material including the steps of: providing a complex metal hydride; combining the metal hydride with an ionic liquid in a desired amount forming a mixture; and heating the mixture to a temperature releasing hydrogen wherein the temperature is lower in comparison to the complex metal hydride alone.

The object of the present invention is to minimize the risks of dose dumping associated with the concomitant consumption of alcohol and certain modified-release pharmaceutical or dietetic forms. The invention relates to an oral form comprising microparticles of the reservoir type for the modified release of at least one active principle (AP), characterized in that it is resistant to immediate dumping of the dose of AP in the presence of alcohol. In particular, the oral form according to the invention is characterized in that the time taken to release 50% of the AP in an alcoholic solution is not reduced more than 3-fold relative to the time taken to release 50% of the AP in an alcohol-free aqueous medium. The form comprises an agent D, which is a pharmaceutically acceptable compound whose hydration or solvation rate or capacity is greater in an alcohol-free aqueous medium than in alcoholic solution

The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting the freshness of fish based on olfaction visualization, which is characterized in that a computer is connected with a constant temperature control room and a scanner; a visual gas sensor array, the scanner, a reaction room and a sample room are arranged inside the constant temperature control room; detected gas diffused from a detected fish sample is in contact with the visual gas sensor array; the detected gas reacts with a porphyrins sensor, a pH indicator sensor or a solvation chromotropic dye sensor arranged in the visual gas sensor array; images before and after the reaction are collected by the scanner and input into the computer; and the freshness of the detected fish sample is determined according to the correlation between the color change of the three sensors and the variety and the concentration of the detected gas. The invention can ensure that the extraction quantity of characteristic values is reduced by determining the selection of the sensor type and the characteristic values; the synthesis course is simple, and the use quantity of the sensors is less; the gas can be fully contact with the sensors; the detection by human eyes can be utilized; and the use of the device is simple and convenient; the detection time only needs 3 to 5 minutes.

The invention discloses a rechargeable metal lithium secondary battery capable of preventing from generating lithium dendrites. The battery system consists of a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent and/or an electrolyte additive, wherein a ratio of mole of the lithium salt to volume of the non-aqueous solvent ranges from 2 mol/1L to 10 mol/1L. A proper system is selected, and the proportion of the salt and solvent in the system is regulated, so that the physical and chemical performances such as electrolyte lithium ion solvation degree and viscosity and physical and chemical performances of solid intermediate phase films generated on the surface of metal lithium in the electrochemical process are changed, growth of dendritic dendrites on the surface of metal lithium on the cathode due to non-uniform electrochemical deposition is effectively inhibited, and finally, the aim of improving the safety performance of the rechargeable metal lithium secondary battery is achieved.

The present invention is directed to improved processes for making antibody conjugates with effector moieties, wherein the conjugation reaction is carried out in a solution comprising an alcohol. The alcohol solvated conjugation reaction may be conducted at room temperature and/or in a single-pot enclosed system that minimizes the safety risks of conjugating highly cytotoxic agents. The disclosed conjugation process is capable of producing high monomer content, commercial scale quantities of antibody conjugates in a single batch.

An elastomeric article that contains a chromogen that undergoes a detectable change in color in the presence of one or more microbes is provided. For example, in one embodiment, the chromogen is a solvatochromic dye (e.g., Reichardt's dye) that undergoes a color change in the presence of bacteria or other microbes. More specifically, such dyes may respond to differences in polarity between microbe components (e.g., cell membrane, cytoplasm, etc.) and the environment outside the cell. Alternatively, other mechanisms may be wholly or partially responsible for the interaction between the dye and the microbe, such as acid-base reactions, redox reactions, and so forth.

Biologically active crystalline solvates of paclitaxel are precipitated using polar, aprotic, organic solvents. A pharmaceutical composition is also disclosed, as well as the preparation of the novel solvates and their uses as anti-tumor agents.

The present invention provides improved apparatus, systems, and methods of delivering a breathable fluid stream carrying an atomized or vaporized functional liquid. In particular, a fluid-permeable exchangeable cartridge is provided for containing the functional liquid to be introduced into a fluid stream comprising a breathable base fluid flowing through the cartridge. Preferably, the breathable base fluid includes a solvation enhancer such as atomized or vaporized propylene glycol or glycerin. In another aspect, a throttling valve system is provided for adjusting the ratio of flow from a breathable base fluid source through the cartridge or around the cartridge via a bypass channel, to vary the concentration of the functional liquid component mixed with the breathable base fluid.

A method of solvating metal ions in an aromatic organic liquid. The method includes adding an ammonium salt having an organic acid reagent to the aromatic organic liquid. The organic acid reagent comprises a carboxylate having eight (8) or less carbon atoms. Thereafter, an aqueous solution comprising a metal salt is added to the aromatic organic liquid comprising the ammonium salt and the organic acid reagent. As a result, at least 10% by weight of metal ions is solvated in the aromatic organic liquid.

Energetic materials, such as nitrocellulose, TNT, RDX, and combinations thereof, optionally in combination with chemical warfare agents, such as mustard gas, Lewisite, Tabun, Sarin, Toman, VX, and combinations thereof, are destroyed when chemically reacted according to the method of the invention. The method comprises reacting the energetic materials and chemical warfare agents, of present, with solvated electrons which are preferably produced by dissolving an active metal such as sodium in a nitrogenous base such as anhydrous liquid ammonia.

Chronic wounds may be treated by debriding necrotic and other devitalized tissue from the wound, and applying to the wound an extracellular polymeric substance solvating system comprising a metal ion sequestering agent, surfactant and buffering agent. The solvating system disrupts biofilms which may be present in the wound and aids or enables the resumption of normal healing.

The invention relates to soluble electrodes, including soluble anodes, for use in electrochemical systems, such as electrochemical generators including primary and secondary batteries and fuel cells. Soluble electrodes of the invention are capable of effective replenishing and/or regeneration, and thereby enable an innovative class of electrochemical systems capable of efficient recharging and/or electrochemical cycling. In addition, soluble electrodes of the invention provide electrochemical generators combining high energy density and enhanced safety with respect to conventional lithium ion battery technology. In some embodiments, for example, the invention provides a soluble electrode comprising an electron donor metal and electron acceptor provided in a solvent so as to generate a solvated electron solution capable of participating in oxidation and reduction reactions useful for the storage and generation of electrical current.

The present invention involves an artificial nose having an array comprising at least a first dye and a second dye in combination and having a distinct spectral response to an analyte. In one embodiment, the first and second dyes are from the group comprising chemoresponsive dyes, and the second dye is distinct from the first dye. In one embodiment, the first dye is selected from the group consisting of porphyrin, chlorin, chlorophyll, phthalocyanine, and salen, or their metal complexes. In another embodiment, the second dye is selected from the group of dyes consisting of acid-base indicator dyes and solvatochromic dyes. The present invention is particularly useful in detecting metal ligating vapors. Further, the array of the present invention can be connected to a visual display device.

These additives are represented by the following general formula:L-Y-Sin which L designates a hydrocarbon radical which serves as lubricating segment; S designates an oligomer segment which serves as solvating segment of metallic salts and Y designates a chemical bond which joins the hydrocarbon radical and the oligomer segment. With these additives there is no more need to subsequently wash the surface of laminated lithium.