16results about How to "Avoid leaching" patented technology

The invention discloses an in-situ leaching liquid injection system and method for high-altitude ionic rare earth ore, and belongs to the field of rare earth hydrometallurgy. The system is composed of a liquid injection well pattern, a layered liquid injection device, a first liquid supply system, a second liquid supply system and a collection system. Exploring the thickness of an ore body weathering crust and vertical distribution of rare earth / impurities; the liquid injection hole is vertically divided into an upper layer liquid injection area (1 / 3-1 / 2 of the upper part) and a lower layer liquid injection area (1 / 2-2 / 3 of the lower part); a 1.0-1.4 wt% low-concentration diethylenetriamine-ammonium acetate composite leaching agent is injected into the upper layer, and co-leaching of impurities such as aluminum and iron is reduced; 1.5-2.5 wt% of high-concentration diethylenetriamine-ammonium acetate composite leaching agent is injected into the lower layer to ensure efficient leaching of rare earth; and rare earth-rich leaching liquid is collected. Compared with a traditional full-layer high-concentration process, the method has the advantages that the use amount of a leaching agent is reduced by 20-40% while the rare earth leaching rate is kept to be larger than or equal to 90%, the aluminum ion concentration of the leachate is reduced by 30-60%, the agent cost and the follow-up impurity removal load are remarkably reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for the high-altitude, low-temperature, low-air-pressure and thick-weathered crust environment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal separation, and particularly relates to a deep eutectic solvent, a preparation method and application thereof, and a method for selectively extracting lithium from a lithium battery positive electrode material. According to the deep eutectic solvent provided by the invention, nearly 100% selective leaching of lithium is realized in an extremely short time, and Ni, Co and Mn are almost not leached, so that the bottleneck that the rate and the selectivity are difficult to obtain at the same time in a traditional method is broken through; and the process conditions are mild and efficient, are far superior to the traditional process and are more suitable for practical industrial application, and the energy consumption and material consumption are remarkably reduced.

This invention discloses a cerium-doped calcium-based photothermal catalyst supported on carbon nanotubes and its application in the preparation of biodiesel, belonging to the field of catalysis technology. The photothermal catalyst is prepared by the following method: a calcium source and a cerium source are mixed and dissolved in an aqueous ethanol solution, then multi-walled carbon nanotubes are added and stirred to load the calcium and cerium sources onto the surface of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The mixture is then dried to remove the solvent; calcined under nitrogen protection; and after calcination, naturally cooled to obtain the cerium-doped calcium-based photothermal catalyst supported on carbon nanotubes. This invention utilizes the strong electronic interaction between cerium and calcium to regulate the structure of active sites, inhibiting the aggregation and loss of active components, while simultaneously enhancing the catalyst's broad-spectrum light absorption and photothermal conversion capabilities, thereby achieving efficient and green biodiesel production.

The application discloses a solar photo-thermal foam for treating salt-containing organic wastewater and a preparation method thereof. The application solves the problems of poor desalination effect, low degradation ability for organic pollutants, especially volatile organic pollutants, and easy concentration of organic pollutants in the bottom liquid in the process of treating salt-containing organic wastewater by solar photo-thermal treatment. The application comprises the following steps: preparing a photo-thermal foam by loading a copper-cobalt binary metal catalyst on a nickel-based metal foam, and using the photo-thermal foam to treat water in a device for treating salt-containing organic wastewater by solar photo-thermal treatment. The porous foam substrate is used to construct a high-performance photo-thermal foam with a special morphology, and under the synergistic action of a multi-metal catalytic system, efficient desalination and catalytic persulfate degradation of organic pollutants in the bottom liquid and condensate are realized in the process of treating salt-containing organic wastewater by solar photo-thermal treatment, so that high-quality pure water is obtained. In addition, the photo-thermal foam catalyst is simple to recover and can effectively inhibit metal leaching toxicity, and has good repeated stability.

This invention discloses a solidification and stabilization agent and treatment method for sieved humic soil in landfills. The agent comprises: a cementing component, a heavy metal stabilizing component, an organic matter passivating component, a pore-regulating component, and a process conditioning component. The cementing component includes steel slag, fly ash, and sulfoaluminate cement; the heavy metal stabilizing component includes calcium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium sulfide; the organic matter passivating component includes potassium permanganate; the pore-regulating component includes desulfurized gypsum and an air-entraining agent; and the process conditioning component includes a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and a triethanolamine early-strength agent. This invention provides core strength through a synergistic cementing system of steel slag-fly ash-sulfoaluminate cement, combines a phosphate-sodium sulfide dual stabilization mechanism to fix heavy metals, uses potassium permanganate to oxidize and passivate humic acids, and introduces desulfurized gypsum and an air-entraining agent to regulate the pore structure. The agent of this invention can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the solidified body, reduce permeability, and effectively inhibit the leaching of heavy metals and organic pollutants.

This invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting technology and proposes a method for integrated drip irrigation and fertigation of corn using mulch-side planting. The method includes: employing a wide-narrow row planting method; laying mulch film above the narrow rows; pressing the edges of the mulch film into the soil and covering them with soil; sowing corn seeds 4-5 cm outside the edge of the mulch film exposed on the ground; and laying drip irrigation tape under the mulch film. Irrigation is controlled by monitoring the soil matrix potential at a depth of 20-25 cm below the drippers of the drip irrigation tape, initiating irrigation when the soil matrix potential is ≤-15 kPa. During irrigation, all phosphate fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer; a portion of nitrogen fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, with the remainder applied in multiple top dressings; and all potassium fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, or a portion is applied as base fertilizer, with the remainder applied in multiple top dressings. This method significantly improves the mulch film recycling rate while ensuring stable and high corn yields, achieving the goals of water conservation, emission reduction, and efficiency improvement in arid areas.

This invention belongs to the field of wastewater oxidation treatment, specifically relating to a carbon nanotube-encapsulated alloy catalyst, its preparation method, and its application. To address the technical problems of low catalytic efficiency and secondary water pollution caused by the leaching of metal ions due to the use of transition metal ions in existing heterogeneous catalysts for organic wastewater treatment, this invention provides a carbon nanotube-encapsulated alloy catalyst. The catalyst is prepared by dissolving nickel and zinc salts in water, leaching the solution into a cyanamide compound powder, stirring, drying, calcining at 450–600°C, and then cooling to obtain a powder. The powder is then calcined at 700–1000°C under an inert atmosphere, acid-washed, and then washed with water and dried. The carbon nanotube-encapsulated alloy catalyst obtained by this method exhibits high catalytic activity against persulfate and shows significant removal effects for different pollutants in different water bodies.

The utility model discloses a kind of cleaning devices of plastic board, including cleaning push subassembly, cleaning push subassembly includes the cleaning support frame of setting, the chute mouth of being opened in the frame of cleaning support frame, slide rail being inserted into chute mouth, L type push plate being fixed in the top surface of slide rail, first fixed plate being fixed in the bottom surface of L type push plate, second fixed plate being fixed in the bottom surface of cleaning support frame, first electric telescopic link connecting first fixed plate with second fixed plate;Cleaning assembly, cleaning assembly includes the first cleaning scraping strip of being through the frame of cleaning support frame, support column being fixed in the top end of cleaning support frame.The utility model is cooperated by the cleaning push subassembly and cleaning assembly of setting, forms the structure design without need to turn over, reaches when using, the two faces of plastic board are cleaned simultaneously, cleaning can be completed once, avoid the problem that the face that has been cleaned is caused pollution in turning over process, improve cleaning efficiency.

This invention discloses a method for preparing phenolic chemicals by hydrogenolysis of lignin catalyzed by a cobalt-based nitrogen-carbon composite material. Using organosoluble lignin as raw material, a cobalt-based nitrogen-carbon composite material as catalyst, and a mixed solvent of small organic molecule alcohol and formic acid, the reaction is carried out under an inert gas atmosphere of 0.5–3 MPa, maintaining a reaction temperature of 210–250 °C, and a reaction time of 2–6 h. This method catalyzes the depolymerization of lignin to obtain a series of p-hydroxyphenyl products, achieving high-value utilization of lignin. The lignin conversion rate of this invention is as high as 89.6%, the total yield of monophenolic products can reach 17.7%, of which the yield of p-hydroxyphenyl products reaches 9.0%, with a selectivity of 50.8%. The catalyst preparation process used in this invention is simple and can catalyze the hydrogenolysis of lignin by short-chain alcohols and carboxylic acid solvents under mild conditions to obtain high-value-added chemicals such as p-hydroxyphenyl products.

This invention discloses a slow-release water-soluble fertilizer and its preparation method, belonging to the field of water-soluble fertilizer technology. The slow-release water-soluble fertilizer includes: a mesoporous carrier, a surface functionalization modifier, macronutrient raw materials, micronutrient raw materials, a water-soluble dispersing agent, and a pH adjuster. The preparation method includes: preparing a mesoporous carrier, functionalizing the surface of the mesoporous carrier, and loading the nutrient raw materials into the mesoporous carrier to prepare the finished water-soluble fertilizer. This invention uses a modified mesoporous carrier and constructs an ion-gated slow-release system by grafting pH-responsive functional groups onto its surface. The fertilizer is completely water-soluble and leaves no residue. After entering the soil, the nutrient release rate is triggered according to the change in rhizosphere pH, solving the dual technical problems of rapid nutrient loss in conventional water-soluble fertilizers and poor water solubility in coated slow-release fertilizers, thus improving fertilizer utilization.

This invention discloses a method for preparing a peak-supported carbon nanocatalyst by metal-directed carbonization, comprising: Step 1: preparing hierarchical organic microspheres; mixing at least one aldehyde compound with an aprotic solvent to obtain solution I, mixing at least one amino compound with a protic solvent to obtain solution II, and mixing solution I and solution II to perform a condensation reaction to obtain hierarchical organic microspheres; Step 2: loading metal ions; dispersing the hierarchical organic microspheres prepared in step 1 in a solution containing metal ions, and loading the metal ions onto the hierarchical organic microspheres to obtain a metal ion-organic microsphere composite; Step 3: carbonization; subjecting the metal ion-organic microsphere composite prepared in step 2 to carbonization treatment to obtain a peak-supported carbon nanocatalyst. The catalyst prepared by this invention has the characteristics of highly accessible active sites and structural stability, exhibiting excellent anti-poisoning performance and catalytic activity.

This invention discloses a green production method for biodiesel. First, pretreated feedstock oil and methanol are preheated and then fed into a reactor loaded with a superhydrophobic polymer solid acid catalyst for esterification. After oil-water separation, the oil phase is then fed into a reactor loaded with a macroporous strong-base ion exchange resin for transesterification. The biodiesel product is collected by vacuum distillation. The biodiesel production method provided by this invention has strong feedstock adaptability, no wastewater discharge, and excessive energy consumption. Methanol can be recycled, resulting in high feedstock utilization and product quality. Furthermore, the catalyst is simple to prepare, the reaction rate is fast, and the active phase is not easily lost.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a dual-mechanism oxygen evolution reaction spinel oxide electrocatalyst based on a strategy of partially filling oxygen vacancies with anions, and relates to a preparation method of an oxygen evolution reaction spinel oxide electrocatalyst. The technical problems that an existing pure spinel oxide is low in catalytic efficiency and unstable in structure are solved. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a self-supporting spinel oxide electrode material; 2, preparing a self-supporting oxygen vacancy enriched spinel oxide electrode material; 3, preparing a self-supporting oxygen vacancy part anion filling type catalyst; according to the invention, an oxygen vacancy-anion partial filling strategy is utilized to regulate and control the local structure and the electronic state of the spinel oxide. The overpotential of the prepared Co3O4-VO-S / NF catalyst in 1.0 M KOH at the current density of 50 mA cm <-2 > is as low as 301 mV, and the Co3O4-VO-S / NF catalyst can stably run for more than 120 hours and can be used in the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical sensing and nano materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an oxygen-bridged platinum-based diatomic catalyst and application of the oxygen-bridged platinum-based diatomic catalyst in detection of dopamine and hydrogen peroxide. A coordination-pyrolysis method is adopted, firstly, 2-hydroxy-5-methyl isophthalaldehyde, chloroplatinic acid and the like are used as raw materials to synthesize a precursor, then the precursor is subjected to pyrolysis treatment and then loaded on conductive carbon black, and finally the oxygen-bridged platinum-based diatomic catalyst (Pt2-N4O2 / CB) is prepared. When the catalyst is applied to an electrochemical working electrode, high-sensitivity and high-selectivity in-situ real-time detection on biomolecules such as dopamine (DA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can be realized, and meanwhile, the catalyst has excellent anti-interference capability and long-term stability, can be adapted to various electrode types, has good technical transformation potential, and can be widely applied to electrochemical working electrodes. The method has a wide application prospect in the fields of neuroscience research and biomedical diagnosis.

An aqueous primer composition comprising: (i) a polymeric dispersion selected from an acrylic dispersion, a polyester urethane dispersion, or a blend thereof; and (ii) an aminated polymer, wherein the aminated polymer is a poly(ethylene imine), and wherein the poly(ethylene imine) is present in an amount of 0.5-25% (w / w).

The invention discloses an A-RuTiO2-xNTs composite catalyst for hydrogen production through water electrolysis of a proton exchange membrane as well as a preparation method and application of the A-RuTiO2-xNTs composite catalyst, belongs to the technical field of catalysts for hydrogen production through water electrolysis, and aims at solving the technical problem that the activity and stability of Ru-based catalysts for hydrogen production through water electrolysis without heterogeneous metal doping in the prior art need to be further improved. The composite catalyst comprises a titanium felt substrate, an anoxic TiO2 nanotube array grown on the surface of the titanium felt substrate, and Ru nanoparticles loaded on the TiO2 nanotube array. According to the invention, the anoxic TiO2 nanotube array is grown on the surface of the titanium felt, and the Ru nanoparticles are loaded on the TiO2 nanotube array, so that the A-RuTiO2-xNTs composite catalyst shows the lowest overpotential, the minimum ohmic resistance and the optimal Tafel slope under the acidic condition, and the catalytic activity and stability of hydrogen production by electro-catalytic water decomposition are greatly improved.