The invention provides a planet wheel type stair-climbing electric wheelchair. The wheelchair comprises a wheelchair frame, a chair backrest, an electric wheelchair controller, a battery, a caster, a front wheel assembly, a stair-climbing controller, a centering roller bearing, a centering bearing block, a conducting slip ring, a connecting disc, a wheel axle fixing component, two driving shafts, a direct-current turnover motor, an RV speed reducer, a pressure sensor, a control box, a tilt sensor, an anti-forerake bracket and two planet wheel groups, wherein the anti-forerake bracket is driven by an electric push rod; and the two planet wheel groups are driven by the direct-current turnover motor through the RV speed reducer and symmetrically distributed so as to realize the stair-climbing function of the electric wheelchair. In each of the planet wheel groups, special allocation of a hub motor and two free wheels is adopted; and the planet wheel groups can work in a manual mode, an electric wheelchair mode and a stair-climbing mode. In addition, in the wheelchair, the pressure sensor and the tilt sensor are used for feeding back the wheelchair running state when the electric wheelchair goes upstairs and downstairs.