2079results about "Cereal cultivation" patented technology

A method of combined intercropping and mulching of commercial crops is described herein. Suitable annuals such as young wheat and/or buckwheat plants are planted in soil in which legumes were originally planted. A portion of the resulting upper portions of young wheat and/or buckwheat plants is mowed and blended with organic debris to provide nutrients for intercropped commercial plants such as corn and soybeans. The remaining portion is chopped blended with organic debris and sprayed onto the top layer of seeded soil as combination mulch. For larger commercial applications, conventional agricultural machines are described herein, and are modified for the most efficient intercropping. For best results, at least one intercropped commercial plant should be a legume.

The invention discloses a comprehensive improvement method suitable for inland extreme arid area saline-alkali soil. The method is formed by integrating multiple technological innovations of levellingsoil and eliminating salt accumulation in surface soil, returning straw to field and improving a soil body structure so as to block a salinity ascending channel, additionally applying an organic fertilizer and optimizing fertilized soil to improve a crop saline-alkaline tolerance capacity, deep-plowing soil and adjusting grain compositions so as to retard salinity ascending, additionally applyingan improver and creating a low-salt rhizosphere micro-environment, covering by straw and preventing soil salt return, rationally irrigating for salt-leaching and desalting and the like. The technology can be applied for performing straw simplification on preceding crops and rapidly and directly returning to the field, relieving labor intensity of a farmer, adequately using straw nutrient resources for usage by crops in the next season, reducing an applying quantity of a chemical fertilizer, and reducing agricultural production cost. An isolating layer is formed in a soil body, so the ascending of underground water and salinity in the lower soil body is retarded, and the salt accumulation in the surface soil and the salt return are reduced. The method has multiple functions of improving the saline-alkali soil, improving production capacity of cultivated land, increasing production, saving cost and increasing income and the like, and is remarkable in economic, social and ecological environment benefits.

The invention relates to an irrigation management system based on irrigation water requirements of corn at different stages. The system comprises a data management module, a data prediction module, acorn variety information base module, a sensor module, an agricultural climatic resource calculation module, an irrigation water requirement calculation module, a year harvest prediction module, a real-time monitoring module, an irrigation strategy generation and execution module. The data management module is connected with the data prediction module, the data prediction module, the corn varietyinformation base module and the sensor module are connected with the agricultural climatic resource calculation module separately, and the agricultural climatic resource calculation module is connected with the irrigation water requirement calculation module; the irrigation water requirement calculation module is connected with the year harvest prediction module, the real-time monitoring module and the irrigation strategy generation and execution module, and the year harvest prediction module and the real-time monitoring module are connected with the irrigation strategy generation and execution module. According to the irrigation management system based on the irrigation water requirements of the corn at the different stages, the agricultural water-using efficiency can be improved, the system helps to reasonably arrange the agricultural production activity, the basic income of farmers is increased, and the system has the important effect on ecological environment protection.

A material for assisting in at least one of germination, protection, hydration, and thriving of seeds and the plants originating therefrom treats a seed with a tackifier or binder, such as corn syrup or the like, which secures a layer of hydrating polymer particles thereto. Nutrients, protectants, and the like may be absorbed in the polymer before or after coating of a seed thereby. Weighting materials, extenders, flowing agents, and the like may assist in the functioning or handling of the coated seeds.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of double cropping rice. According to the cultivation method, the balanced fertilization is carried out according to a fertilization formula so as to meetthe fertility requirement of the double cropping rice, and the wasting of a fertilizer is avoided; a cultivation environment condition which is suitable for the normal growth and development of the double cropping rice and adverse to the occurrence and harm of diseases and pests is created, an insecticidal lamp is arranged for attracting and killing the pests, the selection treatment and the simultaneous treatment are grasped, and the medication area and the medication frequency are reduced. According to the technical scheme of the cultivation, a standard cultivation technique for cultivatingthe double cropping rice is established; and meanwhile, a total straw return manner is adopted during the harvesting of double cropping early-second rice, the double cropping early-second rice resources are reasonable utilized, and the straws are circularly utilized on site, so that the labor amount is reduced, the environmental pollution and soil hardening caused by the burning of the straws aresimultaneously avoided, the soil is improved, the soil fertility is reasonably cultured, the combined application amount of a chemical fertilizer is reduced, the soil quality is improved, and the highand stable yield of the double cropping early-second rice are promoted.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and concretely discloses a planting method of wheat with high microelements and high SOD (superoxide dismutase) content, and alsodiscloses a planting fertilizer for the wheat with high microelements and high SOD content. The method is characterized in that a slow-release base fertilizer with high microelements is used as a wheat field base fertilizer; a wheat booting stage fertilizer is sprayed and applied to the wheat booting stage; a wheat heading stage fertilizer is sprayed and applied to the wheat heading stage; a wheat pustulation stage fertilizer is sprayed and applied to the wheat pustulation stage. According to the growth characteristics of the wheat in each growth period, different fertilizers are applied so as to promote the SOD synthesis in the wheat growth process; the SOD is transferred into wheat grains; the wheat product with high SOD content and microelement content is finally obtained.

The invention belongs to the field of crop planting, in particular to a high-efficiency corn cultivation method in saline-alkali land. The high-efficiency corn cultivation method in the saline-alkaliland includes the following specific cultivation steps: soil improvement, flat land preparation and application of base fertilizer, corn sowing and film covering, irrigation and fertilization. The method achieves the aim of improving corn emergence rate, seedling preservation rate, water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and further improving corn yield by improving the corn planting method and optimizing the irrigation and fertilization system, breaks through the technical bottleneck of difficult corn planting and improvement in saline-alkali land in low-lying areas, and can play a technical supporting role in efficient improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land and improvement of ecological environment. On the one hand, ridge film furrow planting can effectively reduce the evaporation and consumption of soil moisture, and thus water collection and moisture preservation are favorable, so that crop yield and water use efficiency are improved; on the other hand, the utilization of groundwater can be further promoted, the groundwater level is lowered, and the phenomenon of soil salinization is reduced.

The invention discloses a total collecting and covering no-tillage operation method for corn straw, and belongs to the field of agriculture. The total collecting and covering no-tillage operation method comprises the steps of step 1, selecting land blocks; step 2, treating straw; step 3, collecting straw in rows; step 4, performing deep scarification in autumn; step 5, performing no-tillage sowing; step 6, performing reduced application of herbicides; step7, performing deep scarification at the seedling stage; and step 8, managing diseases and insect pests, so as to form a crop rotation mode for alternative operations in two years for a straw mulching leisure zone and an agrarian zone. According to the total collecting and covering no-tillage operation method, the problem between total straw returning to fields and sowing can be effectively solved, the rate that the protective cultivation straw is returned to the fields is increased to 100%, the method has obvious operations for preservation of soil moisture for north in spring, the sowing effect and the rate of emergence are guaranteed, the yield increment effect is obvious, straw returning to fields can protect the black lands, and the method is a strong measure for constructing agricultural sustainable development.

An increase in the total grain and biomass yields and photosynthetic rates of plants grown at high densities is achieved by novel methods of defoliating the primary-source leaf of a majority of such plants. In particular the methods provide for increased grain and biomass yields, including for example, increased average kernel mass for maize plants, and photosynthetic rates through the timely removal of the primary-source leaf of a majority of the plants grown at high densities. This invention also relates to seeds obtained by using the disclosed methods.

The invention provides a maize machine direct sowing method under the condition of smashed wheat straw incorporation in the Shajiang black soil area. The method comprises the steps that wheat straw is harvested; the obtained wheat straw is smashed by means of a straw smashing device and then uniformly scattered, and covers the ground surface; base fertilizers with the nitrogenous fertilizer as a main is applied on the soil with the smashed wheat straw; maize sowing is conducted; after sowing or around stem pushing, ditching is conducted in an interlacing mode; 40% of Acetochlor Atrazine or 48% of ametryn and 50% of acetochlor and other or other weed killers are mixed with water for closed weeding; from the stem pushing period to the small horn mouth period of maize, nitrogenous fertilizer topdressing is conducted, and secondary nitrogenous fertilizer topdressing is conducted in the big horn mouth period. The inventor continually verifies and improves the method through field trials on different test field in nearly ten years, the results show that by means of the method, it can be ensured that the yield of maize is not affected in the wheat straw incorporation process, and even the yield is improved, and the greatest concern of farmers about reduction of the yield in the early incorporation stage is solved.

The invention provides a gridding crop planting layout optimization method, which comprises the following steps of: establishing a grid model for a target planting area to obtain potential per unit yield and suitable planting area of crops, minimum irrigation water demand of the crops, fertilization intensity of the crops, cultivated area and irrigation area data in each grid unit; and in combination with county-level statistical planting data of the target planting area, performing distribution to obtain crop planting data in each grid unit, and performing planting layout optimization based on a predetermined constraint condition by taking the minimum total irrigation water demand as an optimization target to obtain the crop planting area in each grid unit after optimization. The optimization method is carried out based on the grid units, the obtained optimization layout result is more accurate and detailed, crop planting layout adjustment can be scientifically guided, and the ecological environment problems such as underground water level decline can be effectively relieved.

The invention discloses a method for mid-season rice-wheat rotation in cadmium mild contamination soil and belongs to the technical field of contamination soil environment management. The method includes: (1), in 5-8d before crop transplanting, applying a soil cadmium passivation conditioner on the cadmium mild contamination soil, and well mixing with plough layer soil; (2), transplanting mid-season rice Yongyou 7850, waterflooding in the whole growth period, spraying a zinc reinforced cadmium blocking and controlling agent to leaves in the tillering period, the booting period and the groutingand fruiting period respectively, and draining field water in one week before harvesting mid-season rice; (3), fully moving out straw after the mid-season rice is harvested, directly sowing wheat Ningmai 13, cultivating to harvesting, and removing wheat straw completely. According to the mid-season rice-wheat rotation mode in the method, repair of the cadmium mild contamination soil is completedwhen agricultural production is completely normal, and the method is free of economic benefit loss and easy for farmers to accept; harvested straw is moved out of farmland, so that no secondary pollution is caused.

The invention discloses a dryland wheat full biodegrade mulching film and straw annual mulching non-tillage cultivation method, and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting. The methodcomprises the steps that a full biodegrade mulching film is selected for performing full film earthing hole sowing on the first stubble, after-wheat film reserving on-tillage is performed, straw mulching is performed on a residual film, next-stubble crops are sown in good time; after second-stubble wheat is harvested, mulching straw and degradable residual films which are not thoroughly degraded are turned and returned to the field, and the straw and the residual films are completely degraded in soil. Full biodegrade mulching film full-film earthing hole sowing is performed on the first stubble to achieve primary stubble wheat production increase, residual film and straw dual mulching is performed on the second stubble and the fallow period, the requirement of the second-stubble wheat forwater can be met, second-stubble wheat stable production is ensured, residual film degradation can be effectively promoted through residual film and straw dual mulching, and due to the straw mulchingfarmland measures, the soil organic carbon content can be increased, and the soil physical and chemical properties are improved; in addition, by adopting the full biodegrade mulching film, the residual film pickup cost is saved, and the cost is saved while the effectiveness is increased.

The present invention relates generally to the field of plant breeding and concerns a method for determining the point at which a plant starts to flower. More specifically, the invention concerns a method for determining the start of flowering on an individual plant basis by measuring the reproductive structures of plants from digital images of these structures and deducing the start of flowering from the measurements and average growth rates. The invention also concerns apparatus for determining the start of flowering in plants, particularly in a high-throughput manner.

The invention discloses a method for planting high-quality chenopodium quinoa willd in high and cold mountainous areas. The method includes steps of 1), selecting seeds; 2), selecting lands; 3), preparing the lands; 4), sowing the seeds; 5) carrying out inter-cultivation management for killing weeds and thinning out seedlings; 6), cleaning ditches for plowing ridges and carrying out top dressing;7), managing water; 8), controlling diseases and insect pests; 9), harvesting and warehousing the high-quality chenopodium quinoa willd. The method has the advantages that the high-quality chenopodiumquinoa willd is selectively planted in regions with the altitude of 2700-3200 m, the regions with the altitude of 2700-3200 m have high temperature difference, accordingly, the high-quality chenopodium quinoa willd is late in ripening and rarely suffers from the insect pests, the method is adverse to disease occurrence, and the production cost can be reduced; the growth period of the high-qualitychenopodium quinoa willd ranges from 150 days to 160 days, the high temperature difference is favorable for dry matter accumulation, and high-quality products can be produced by the aid of the method; the high-quality chenopodium quinoa willd can be ripened from the end of October to the first one-third of November, and low rainfall in the ripening period is favorable for harvesting and warehousing the high-quality chenopodium quinoa willd; the quality of the products can be controlled from the source, the industrial development scale can be effectively controlled from the source, and accordingly sustainable and healthy industrial development can be promoted.

The invention relates to a nucleotide sequence for detecting maize plant NAZ-4 and a detection method of the nucleotide sequence. The nucleotide sequence of the maize plant comprises a sequence shownin SEQ ID NO:1 or a complementary sequence of the sequence, or a sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2 or a complementary sequence of the sequence. The maize plant NAZ-4 provided by the invention has good resistance to drought and glufosinate-ammonium herbicides, and by adopting the detection method, whether a biological sample contains DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules of a transgenic maize event NAZ-4 or not can be accurately and rapidly identified.

The invention discloses an intersecting-free straw strip-shaped return-to-field cultivation method for maize tillage. The method includes the steps that 1, before crop seeding is performed, crop strawof a last season is smashed in situ, ridge clearing and strip gathering are performed for the first time, straw at strip gathering positions is mixed and stirred in a soil layer, first seeding stripsare formed at ridge clearing positions, and first return-to-field strips are formed at the strip gathering positions; 2, before crop seeding of a next season is performed, crop straw is smashed in situ, ridge clearing and strip gathering are performed for the second time, the straw at strip gathering positions is mixed and stirred in a soil layer, second seeding strips are formed at ridge clearing positions, and second return-to-field strips are formed at the strip gathering positions; in the two adjacent planting seasons, the positions of seeding strips and the return-to-field strips are interchanged or the second seeding strips horizontally move to the first return-to-field strips to form strip spacing tillage. The arable layer structure of virtuality and reality alternating is created,and the method has the advantages of non-tillage and deep tillage, effectively solves the key problems in straw returning to the field, and is also an effective way for construction of a reasonable arable layer on dry land and promotion of soil fertility.

The invention relates to the technical fields of microbial preparations and plant cultivation, and in particular relates to an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus bacterial agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method is characterized in that rhizosphere soils of molybdenum ore area plants are collected, mature spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are separatedby using a wet screening method, and then are inoculated into roots of corn seedlings; the inoculated corn seedlings are grown in a culture substrate for 3-4 months, the culture substrate and corn root systems are separated, the corn root systems are cut into pieces, and then are mixed with the culture substrate to obtain an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus original species bacterial agent; and theoriginal species bacterial agent is inoculated into an expanding propagation substrate, corn seeds are sowed, the corns are cultured for 6-10 weeks, the expanding propagation substrate and corn root systems are separated, the corn root systems are cut into pieces, and then are mixed with the expanding propagation substrate to obtain the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus bacterial agent. The bacterialagent can promote growth of corns in molybdenum-contaminated soils.

The invention relates to the technical field of the agriculture planting, more specifically to a corn and green manure light-simplified efficient intercropping mode. The mode comprises the following steps: S1, laying a field structure at early spring, wherein the corn zone width is 105-115cm, the common vetch zone width is 68-72cm, and the crop spacing is 21-24cm; S2, seeding the common vetch after film mulching, seeding four lines at each zone, wherein the line spacing is 17-19cm and the hill spacing is 23-25cm, and seeding for 5-7 grains at each hill; seeding the corn after completely seeding the common vetch seedlings, seeding three lines at each zone, wherein the line spacing is 38-42cm and the row spacing is 20-22cm, and seeding 1-2 grains at each hill; S3, applying 50ml of 2,4-D butyl ester missible oil in volume fraction of 72% at the full-bloom stage of the common vetch, mixing with 35kg of water, uniformly spraying, and covering on the earth surface in place after killing; S4,ploughing the common vetch into soil as green manure at the autumn ploughing; and S5, performing shifting cultivation on the corn zone and the common vetch zone at the second year. Through the efficient intercropping mode disclosed by the invention, the growth period inter-zone nutrient transfer and next-year inter-zone crop rotation are utilized, and the problem that the dependency on the chemical nitrogenous fertilizer in the corn traditional production can be solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of summer corn planting and particularly relates to a cultivation method capable of effectively improving high-temperature-resistant planting performance of summer corn. According to the cultivation method capable of improving high-temperature-resistant planting performance of the summer corn, the planting date is delayed to mid-to-late June, an original common equal-spacing sowing manner is changed into a narrow-spacing and wide-spacing interval planting manner, a chemical control agent is sprayed on leaf surfaces of corn at the big flare stage forexternal regulation, foliage fertilizer is sprayed on leaf surfaces as assistance for regulation after high-temperature damage, under synergistic effect of all the links, the effects of high-temperature stress on the corn planting yield is effectively relieved, and production and yield are guaranteed.