The invention relates to a compost decomposition additive. The additive comprises, by mass, 100 parts of fresh brewer's grains, 5-15 parts of bran, 2-4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10-20 parts of urea,0.5-1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of NaCl and a strain seed solution with the total volume 10-20% of the mass of the fresh brewer's grains, wherein the strain seed solution isa mixture of seed solutions of aspergillus niger, penicillium, ralstonia and candida utilis in the volume ratio of (2-3):(2-3):(1-2):(1-2). According to the additive, the fresh brewer's grains serveas a culture medium for primary fermentation under the symbiotic action of various microorganisms, the number of bacteria is increased, and cellulase is also generated for further decomposing cellulose; meanwhile, the cellulose can be effectively degraded through the symbiotic action of various kinds of cellulase, and organic decomposition of feces of livestock and poultry can be better promoted.