The invention is related to a process for synthesizing a sustainable
aviation fuel composition. The process comprises providing a reaction mixture comprising a first compound that is at least one of mevalonolactone,
mevalonic acid, mevalonate salt, dehydromevalonic acid, dehydromevalonate salt, dehydromevalonolactone or combinations thereof. The process then involves converting the first compound in the reaction mixture to provide a first intermediate comprising
isoprene. Then, the
isoprene in the first intermediate is reacted in the presence of a first
heat transfer agent to provide a second intermediate comprising terpenes. Finally, the second intermediate is allowed to react in the presence of a second
heat transfer agent, or alternatively in neat conditions, and optionally in presence of a catalyst to provide the sustainable fuel composition. The sustainable
aviation fuel composition made available from the process of the invention is found to comprise monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) at useful concentration ranges (along with cycloalkanes) while they are substantially devoid of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).