The present disclosure relates at least in part to
genetic engineering of vegetable (e.g., tomato) plants to, for example, produce
heme, a molecule contributing to a meat-like
flavor, and to the incorporation of male
sterility in these plants to facilitate the production of F1
hybrid seeds. Described herein, in some embodiments, are methods for constructing and introducing into such plants genetic constructs containing both a
heme gene and a male
sterility gene, the resulting plants, and the use of these plants in
hybrid seed production. The present disclosure also provides at least in part methods for enhancing
lycopene content in plants, such as tomato plants, either through genetic modification or
selective breeding. While introducing
key genes like Psy is effective, adding multiple genes or knocking out competing pathways can lead to more substantial increases in
lycopene levels. Enhanced
lycopene content can provide added
health benefits, including potential
cancer protection, making these plants, such as tomatoes, particularly valuable in the context of functional foods. The plants may be of varieties with high lycopene content combined with genetic modifications as provided herein. The present disclosure offers a comprehensive solution for producing plants (e.g., tomatoes) with increased nutritional value.